advanced lighting and lighting controls ... - energy exchange

Rhode Island Convention Center • Providence, Rhode Island

LED and Smart Controls: Lessons Learned

Advanced Lighting and Lighting Controls Technologies

Binh Nguyen P.E., CEMAmec Foster Wheeler

August 11, 2016

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade

Speaker Biography

• Binh Nguyen, PE, CEM– Senior Energy Engineer– Lighting Design Group LeaderCareer BSEE – University of Florida Licensed Professional Engineer (PE) – FL, GA, AL, MS Certified Energy Manager (CEM) – AEEHobbies “Internet of Things”‐ Thermostats, etc Cycling to work…only in fair conditions Sports – GO Gators!

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• What are the LED lighting options today?• TLEDs• Retrofit Kits• New Luminaires

• Smart Lighting Controls Case Studies• Examples of actual installations

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Overview


• TLED Options– UL Type A

• Easy installation, works with majority of T8 electronic ballasts on the market

• Costs per lamp between $10 and $20, may be cheaper in volume

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TLED





• Lower efficacy (lm/W) vs. other options, rated life between 50,000 and 70,000 hours, weak link is T8 ballasts

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TLED





• Lower efficacy (lm/W) vs. other options, rated life between 50,000 and 70,000 hours, weak link is T8 ballasts

• Many major manufacturers offer products in this category, easy future maintenance

• Recent recalls by major manufacturers

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TLED


• TLED Options– UL Type B

• Integrated driver and tube that requires line voltage to operate

• Costs per lamp between $5 and $15, may be cheaper in volume but requires more labor, T8 bi‐pin sockets not rated for line voltage

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TLED





• Lower efficacy (lm/W) vs. other options, rated life between 30,000 and 60,000 hours

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TLED





• Lower efficacy (lm/W) vs. other options, rated life between 30,000 and 60,000 hours

• Not recommended due to electrical dangers and future maintenance replacement and lack of standard

• Tens of thousands of inferior products on the market

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TLED


• TLED Options– UL Type C

• LED Tube with dedicated LED driver • Costs per lamp between $10 and $15 plus $30 per driver, equivalent labor to replace traditional T8 lamps and ballasts

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TLED




• Best efficacy (lm/W) for TLED, rated life between 50,000 and 100,000 hours

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TLED




• Best efficacy (lm/W) for TLED, rated life between 50,000 and 100,000 hours

• Best option for longest life, best reliability, and warranty

• Safe for future maintenance

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TLED


• CALiPER Test Results

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TLED – Poor Optics


• Real TLED World Install

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• Real TLED World Install– LEDs have directional beam– TLEDs have 180‐ to 300‐degree beam

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• Real TLED World Install– LEDs have directional beam– TLEDs have 180‐ to 300‐degree beam– Light level under TLED fixture, 15‐fc– Light level under T8 fixture, 25‐fc

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• Real TLED World Install– LEDs have directional beam– TLEDs have 180‐ to 300‐degree beam– Light level under TLED fixture, 15‐fc– Light level under T8 fixture, 25‐fc

– Lamp beam side ways

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• Real TLED World Install– Light beam or streaks behind traditional lens

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• Real TLED World Install– Light beam or streaks behind traditional lens– Poor light diffusion– Uneven illumination of the space

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• Real TLED World Install– Light beam or streaks behind traditional lens– Poor light diffusion– Uneven illumination of the space– Lower light levels at the ground

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• Engineered Retrofit Kits– Provides the best optics for existing fixtures

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LED Retrofit


• Engineered Retrofit Kits– Provides the best optics for existing fixtures– UL Type C compliant with dedicated LED driver

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LED Retrofit


• Engineered Retrofit Kits– Provides the best optics for existing fixtures– UL Type C compliant with dedicated LED driver– Generally easier to install than rewiring fluorescent sockets for line voltage or LED driver

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LED Retrofit


• Engineered Retrofit Kits– Provides the best optics for existing fixtures– UL Type C compliant with dedicated LED driver– Generally easier to install than rewiring fluorescent sockets for line voltage or LED driver

– Provides the best efficacy, 120+ lm/W– Provides the best light output

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LED Retrofit


• Engineered Retrofit Kits– Heat is properly managed

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LED Retrofit


• Engineered Retrofit Kits– Heat is properly managed – Rated output and life more accurate

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LED Retrofit


• Engineered Retrofit Kits– Heat is properly managed – Rated output and life more accurate– Longer warranty

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LED Retrofit


• Engineered Retrofit Kits– Heat is properly managed – Rated output and life more accurate– Longer warranty– Best option for long term reliability and cost

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LED Retrofit


• New LED Fixtures– Best for new construction or major renovation

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LED Replacement Fixtures


• New LED Fixtures– Best for new construction or major renovation – ROI generally not a factor in those situations

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• New LED Fixtures– Best for new construction or major renovation – ROI generally not a factor in those situations– Incremental LCCA usually favorable

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• New LED Fixtures– Best for new construction or major renovation – ROI generally not a factor in those situations– Incremental LCCA usually favorable– Money is no object, I want LEDs

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• Providence, RI Facility– Over 500 LED high‐bay fixtures to replace 400W HID

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LED New Install Case Study


• Providence, RI Facility– Over 500 LED high‐bay fixtures to replace 400W HID – Wireless smart controls with dimming and sensors

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• Providence, RI Facility– Over 500 LED high‐bay fixtures to replace 400W HID – Wireless smart controls with dimming and sensors– Estimated 3.5 year simple payback without rebates

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• Providence, RI Facility– Over 500 LED high‐bay fixtures to replace 400W HID – Wireless smart controls with dimming and sensors– Estimated 3.5 year simple payback without rebates– National Grid rebate of over $600k, resulted in a simple payback of 1.5 years

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• Providence, RI Facility Additional Savings– After commissioning the entire site, many areas had higher light levels than expected

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– Some areas were dimmed as much as 60% of the full output using the wireless dimming controls

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– All “zones” dimmed at least 5%

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– All “zones” dimmed at least 5%– Clamshell portion of workroom has photocell sensors to dim from ambient light from clerestory windows

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• Providence, RI Facility Historic Energy Usage

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600000

700000

800000

900000

1000000

1100000

1200000

1300000

kWh

kWh

Linear (kWh)


– LEDs are the Future of Lighting• Industry needs standards• Not all products are created equal• Efficacy and lumen output advances daily

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LED Lighting Conclusion


– LEDs are the Future of Lighting• Industry needs standards• Not all products are created equal• Efficacy and lumen output advances daily

– Other Considerations• Cost vs. benefits of investing now• Energy savings• ROI• Future maintenance implications

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LED Lighting Conclusion

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade17

Smart Lighting Controls

• “The most efficient light is the one that is off or only on when it is needed” – a smart lighting engineer



• “The most efficient light is the one that is off or only on when it is needed” – a smart lighting engineer

• The Light Switch – the most common lighting control device on the planet

• We’ve all been taught to turn off the light

• Payback is infinite if you turn off your light every time you leave the room…why spend $100 on a sensor for a single 60W light?


• Why Smart Network Controls?– Building automation

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• Why Smart Network Controls?– Building automation– Analytics and trending

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• Why Smart Network Controls?– Building automation– Analytics and trending– Energy conservation

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Example –Wired Fixture Level Relay Retrofit– Each new or existing fixtures gets a relay device– Relays daisy chained via network communications

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Example –Wired Fixture Level Relay Retrofit– Each new or existing fixtures gets a relay device– Relays daisy chained via network communications– Operates on time schedules or other passive devices– Ability to control fixtures down to fixture level for customization

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Example –Wired Fixture Level Relay Retrofit– Each new or existing fixtures gets a relay device– Relays daisy chained via network communications– Operates on time schedules or other passive devices– Ability to control fixtures down to fixture level for customization– Remote connectivity to monitor or control lights via internet

connection or BACnet integration

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Case StudyWired Fixture Level Controls 5 Years Later




??? Communication Errors




– What Happened?




– What Happened? – Time Schedules didn’t line up with operations (24/7)

• Lights turned off while workers in area• Zones no longer work due to equipment layout changes• Minimal training, maintenance staff didn’t know how to reprogram time

schedules

– Unionized Labor Force• Complaints






schedules


– Controls default to “fail on” mode for safety– Lack of facility buy‐in on the system






schedules


– Controls default to “fail on” mode for safety– Lack of facility buy‐in on the system– System was reportedly unplugged weeks after installation– Result: $150k system with no payback




Requires Constant Monitoring (IT Specialist?)

No Communications



Case StudyWired Fixture Level Controls 5 Years LaterActual As‐Built Drawing – What’s Wrong?



Case StudyWired Fixture Level Controls 5 Years LaterActual As‐Built Drawing – What’s Wrong?

On Time

Off Time




How do we salvage the system?




How do we salvage the system?Retrofit with occupancy sensors

• Install new passive ceiling sensors to control small groups• Recommission system to operate on occupancy instead of

time






time

Advantages of occupancy based• Should have less complaints…if you’re not under the

fixture, you don’t need that light• New “zones” based on sensor coverage area should not

impact future layout changes• Less tampering of system since sensors are 20‐ft in the air• Corporate can remotely monitor system through BACnet






time

Advantages of occupancy based• Should have less complaints…if you’re not under the

fixture, you don’t need that light• New “zones” based on sensor coverage area should not

impact future layout changes• Less tampering of system since sensors are 20‐ft in the air• Corporate can remotely monitor system through BACnet

Disadvantages• Additional capital costs for sensors and recommissioning• Might be throwing good money after bad



Conclusion

Research control types based on facility needs



Conclusion

Research control types based on facility needs• Choose systems that cannot be overridden/disconnect

easily• Get facility buy‐in and insure they keep it maintained



Conclusion


easily• Get facility buy‐in and insure they keep it maintained• Choose systems that will be supported in the future• Spend your money wisely



Conclusion


easily• Get facility buy‐in and insure they keep it maintained• Choose systems that will be supported in the future• Spend your money wisely• Passive technologies may be the best bang for the buck• Consult with a lighting professional


Questions & Comments

Binh Nguyen, PE, CEMSenior Energy Engineer

Amec Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure

404 SW 140th TerraceGainesville, FL 32669

[email protected]

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