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TRANSCRIPT
Advances in Location Accuracy John Snapp
Reinhard Ekl
Roger Hixson
Introduction
This session will serve to outline progress to
date and upcoming efforts on the topic of
location accuracy
Call Routing
• One of the challenges of efforts to improve location accuracy has been a greater concern over caller location than routing the caller to the appropriate PSAP
• Efforts are underway in this area
• Key elements include adding boundaries to PSAP registries (including NENAs)
The FCC related effort
• Work is picking up speed on the response to the FCCs 4th Report and Order
• Key Component: NEAD
• Key Component: the demo/test phase
• Key Target dates are upcoming
Others are working too
• West Safety Services Efforts
West Safety Services © 2017. – Confidential and Proprietary - All rights reserved.
December 13, 2017
West Safety Services
Handset Initiated Location
Device Based Location
• Handset is the first element to know a 9-1-1 call is being placed
• Handset knows what call / transport technology is being used
• Handset vendors continue to improve Device Based Hybrid Location
Technologies
• Handsets often have historical / predictive data on location of handset
• Handsets know about all the sensors they currently have
• Each handset has uniqueness
Location Value Timeline
9-1
-1 D
iale
d
Cal
l Ro
ute
d
Cal
l An
swer
ed
Cal
l Dis
pat
ched
MEDIUM ACCURACY What PSAP is call in
- WiFi or GPS
HIGH ACCURACY Where is the call -WiFI or GPS X/Y
Dispatchable Location
HIGH ACCURACY Where is the call -WiFI or GPS X/Y
Dispatchable Location
LaaSer Advanced 9-1-1
• Integrated by major Android OEM into current handsets
• Intelligent operations to minimize location latency
• Sufficient Location typically available in time to route call
• Phase 2 level location typically available when PSAP receives call
• Provides better telemetry data for more accurate NEAD usage
• Provides everything LPP/LPPe provides and more (WiFi security, public IP,
etc)
• Can work on many 9-1-1 call types (GSM,UMTS, VoLTE, VoWiFi, Text (near
future)
UE Loc
Data
LaaSer Config
Manager
LaaSer PDE
GMLC
Voice Call
Get Device Specific Config
Location Request
Location Report (Location data)
Phone Boot
Opening dialer begins
sequence. 9-1-1 +
send transmits
data
EMERGENCY CALL
Location Response
Location Report (Updated location data
LaaSer Advanced 9-1-1 Message Flow
Additional Location Calculation
PSAP MSC
Routing Resp
Routing Req
Voice Call
Associated Address
• Use multiple data sources to find nearby addresses associated with 9-1-1
caller mobile number:
• Public Data = LexisNexis
• Carrier Billing Record
• Previous 9-1-1 call records
• Other data sources
• Geo-fence the 9-1-1 reported location and determine if any of the associated
addresses fall within the geo-fenced area.
• Only provide address that fall with the geo-fenced area and are associated
with the mobile number.
Associated Address
• Mobile number 425-405-4444
• Address 1: 19203 59th Drive NE, Arlington, WA
• Address 2: 1302 Hoyt Ave, Everett WA
• Address 3: 5317 113th PL NE, Marrysville WA
Address: 5317 113th PL NE, Marrysville WA
Small Proof of Concept
Snohomish County, WA
• Post processed actual 9-1-1 calls
• Used location data of 9-1-1 call
• Compared to 9-1-1 caller provided address (voice) or CAD dispatched to
address.
• Compared to reverse geocoded address
• Used only a small set of public data
Snohomish County, WA 9-1-1 call.
Uncertainty : 45m CAD geocoded address: 2826 152nd PL NW
Uncertainty : 45m CAD geocoded address: 2826 152nd PL NW
Snohomish County, WA 9-1-1 call.
Snohomish County, WA 9-1-1 call.
Uncertainty : 45m TN:425-210-xxxx CAD geocoded address: 2826 152nd PL NW
Snohomish County, WA 9-1-1 call.
Uncertainty : 45m TN:425-210-xxxx CAD geocoded address: 2826 152nd PL NW Associated Address 2818 152nd PL NW
Snohomish County, WA 9-1-1 call.
Uncertainty : 45m TN:425-210-xxxx CAD geocoded address: 2826 152nd PL NW Associated Address 2818 152nd PL NW Caller Reported Address 2818 152nd PL NW
Snohomish County, WA 9-1-1 call.
Results
• All Addresses Match – Provides positive confirmation of address
• Associated Address matches
• Reverse-Geocoded Address Matches
• Dispatched to Address Matches
• Associated Address Matches
• Associated Address matches
• Reverse-Geocoded Address was nearby address
• Dispatched to Address Matches
• Dispatched to address was different than caller location
The NG911 Clearinghouse
• Civic address of cell tower
Phase 1
It’s 2018. Why Are We Still Talking About Location?
• Latitude, Longitude, Uncertainty, Confidence
• “Either / or” solution
• Sometimes cell tower triangulation
• Sometimes: aGPS, only outdoors
Phase 2
• Civic address with indoor location information of closest WiFi Access point
• Building owner / manager expected to voluntarily enter indoor information manually into a database
• Who will enter, validate, maintain, update the data?
• How is it going to display in your map? Have you thought through indoor address validation end to end?
National Emergency Address Database
Confidential
or
Let’s not reinvent the wheel. How do commercial location services work?
Device-based hybrid location: Combine ALL sensors!
1. More accurate 2. Faster 3. Update
automatically
Cell Tower Triangulation: Reliable, but not very accurate
GPS: Highly accurate and reliable outdoors
WiFi Access Points: Highly accurate indoors, and it’s getting better and better
Bluetooth Beacons: Potentially highly accurate indoors (Let’s see)
Barometric Pressure: Altitude reading (z-axis)
Pedestrian Dead Reckoning: Accelerometers, step counters, ..
Google has already installed it on 99% of Android devices in the US (100M+)
Successfully deployed in other countries (UK, Estonia, New Zealand, etc.)
Native 9-1-1 call (app not required to initiate call)
Apps, either direct to consumer or through distribution partners (Insurance, Universities, Non-Profits, Municipalities)
Tackles additional issues (call routing, texting, multimedia, additional data, intelligent connection management,..)
Android ELS (Emergency Location Service)
Smartphone Apps Beacon Service
RapidSOS Offering to Device Manufacturers and App providers
Transmits not just location, also has access to additional data
Native 9-1-1 call (app not required to initiate call)
So how do you get hybrid location from smartphones into 9-1-1?
Clearinghouse in NG911 Steady State
9-1-1 Call
Wireless Carrier
PSAP
BCF Border Control Function
I3 SIP Calls
…
PSAP
Data
State / Regional ESInet
…
LIS Location Information Server
RapidSOS Access ESInet
ECRF/ESRP Call Routing Function/Proxy
Fully integrated as NG911 core service - all PSAPs inside ESInet served through secured ESInet
interconnection
PSAP
Clearinghouse
ADR Additional Data Repository
Clearinghouse gives you supplemental data in addition to ALI – not a replacement!
PSAPs Receive NG911 Clearinghouse Data For Free, Fully Integrated Into CPE & CAD
9-1-1
Call
Wireless Carrier
Selective Router
Voice
PSAP
Voice
GMLC /
MPC ALI Database
“Control plane” location Basic location ALI query
Cell tower/
location
estimate
Request using Callback Number
(HELD)
Response: Enhanced Location &
More (PIDF-LO)
PSAP
Integration
Android ELS /
Beacon
NG911 Clearinghouse
Device location
Vendor-Agnostic Solution – PSAPs Can Integrate For Free Into Their Existing Solution
https://rapidsos.com/psapintegration/#partners
(see website for Press Releases)
Confidential
Example: Network Location & Carrier Location
Tennessee Clearinghouse Project: Collaborative Effort with State Board
Confidential
Curtis Sutton Executive Director, Tennessee Emergency Communications Board
“Tennessee is proud to work with RapidSOS to test its device based
location technology. Accurate location is essential in today’s wireless
world and device based location is a giant step forward in 9-1-1. This
technology has the potential to expedite emergency responses and
save lives without placing an undue financial burden on PSAPs. We
appreciate the opportunity to partner with RapidSOS and look forward
to expanding our test across Tennessee.”
info.rapidsos.com/blog/tennessee-pilot-project
Test Results Show Difference Between Carriers & RapidSOS
Confidential
Iowa Pilot Project: First Test Call in Cedar County, Iowa
Confidential info.rapidsos.com/blog/rapidsos-motorola-solutions-location-testing
What Can/Should we do?
As we observe and experience these many solutions to challenges related to location-– what steps can or should we take now and in the future to ensure the best possible outcome?
Documents? Training? Information?
Closing Summary
• Efforts Continue on multiple fronts regarding improving 9-1-1 location services
• There is likely no “silver bullet” for all of these issues to be solved
• We will still have to collaborate, innovate, and communicate as various efforts develop and go into deployment.
Join a NENA WG
http://www.nena.org/?page=DevelopmentGroup
• Select committee name to see a list of active WGs and a link to join the WG