Advances in Power Generation

By:- Ketan Pitrubhakta

Content• Introduction

• Types of Energy

• Non-renewable Resources

A. Fossil Fuels

B. Nuclear

• Renewable Resources

A. Hydroelectricity

B. Wind

C. Solar

D. Geothermal

E. Oceanic

Introduction

Types of energy Primary : They are found in nature: wind, water, solar, wood, coal, oil, nuclear.

• Secondary: Are those obtained from primary energy sources: electricity, gas.

• Classification of Primary resources:-

1. Non-Renewable Resources

2. Renewable resources

Non-renewable Resources • Definition

• Most non-renewable energy sources are fossil fuels: coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Carbon is the main element in fossil fuels.

• A non-renewable resource is a natural resource that is used up faster than it can be made by nature. It cannot be produced, grown or generated on a scale which can sustain how quickly it is being consumed. Once it is used up, there is no more available for future needs. Also considered non-renewable are resources that are consumed much faster than nature can create them. Fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas), types of nuclear power (uranium) and certain aquifers are examples.

Fossil Fuels• Type of source.

• There are three main types of fossil fuels.

• Heat from burning fossil fuel is used either directly for space heating and process heating, or converted to mechanical energy for vehicles, industrial processes, or electrical power generation.

• The fossil fuels are mainly based on organic carbon compounds. They are according to the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on climate change) the causes of the global warming. During the combustion with oxygen in the form of heat energy, carbon dioxide released.

Thermal Power Station• Process

• Main Source of heating.

Nuclear• Fission Process

• In 1938-39 scientists discovered that an atom of uranium can be broken into two or three pieces when struck by a fast-moving particle called a neutron

• Two Types of Uranium: Nuclear fuel consists of two types of uranium, U-238 and U-235. Most of the uranium in nuclear fuel is U-238.

Renewable Sources• Definition

• About 16% of global final energy consumption presently comes from renewable resources.

• Types of renewable resources

Hydroelectricity• What is mean by Hydroelectricity?

• In 2015 hydropower generated 16.6% of the world’s total electricity and 70% of all renewable electricity and is expected to increase about 3.1% each year for the next 25 years.

• The cost of hydroelectricity is relatively low, making it a competitive source of renewable electricity.

Wind• What is mean by Wind energy?

• Types of winds:-

• Offshore

• Onshore

Solar• Solar Energy

There are two ways we can produce electricity from sun:• Photovoltaics electricity• Solar- Thermal Electricity

Photovoltaic

Solar- Thermal Power Plant

Geothermal • Geothermal Energy Source

• There are several different main types of geothermal plants:

• Dry steam

• Flash steam

• Binary cycle

Dry Steam

Flash Steam

Binary cycle

Oceanic

Conclusion• To sure we have sufficient amount of energy in the future, it’s up to all of us to use energy

wisely.

• We must all conserve energy and use it efficiently. It’s also up to those who will create the new energy technologies in future.

• All energy sources have an impact on the environment. Concerns about the greenhouse effect and global warming, air pollution, and energy security have led to increasing interest and more development in renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, wave power.

• But we’ll need to continue to use fossil fuels and nuclear energy until new, cleaner technologies can replace them. One of you who might be another albert Einstein and find new source of energy. Until then, it’s up to all of us.

• The future is ours, but we need energy to get there.