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Advancing Children’s Behavioral Health and Well Being: Things to Consider Larke Nahme Huang, Ph.D. Senior Advisor, Children Youth and Families Administrator’s Office of Policy Planning and Innovation Children’s Mental Health Research and Policy Conference March 6, 2013 Tampa, Florida

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Advancing Children’s Behavioral  Health and Well Being:

Things to ConsiderLarke Nahme Huang, Ph.D.

Senior Advisor, Children Youth and FamiliesAdministrator’s Office of Policy Planning and Innovation

Children’s Mental Health Research and Policy Conference

March 6, 2013Tampa, Florida

A Public Health/Developmental  Framework for SAMHSA

• Moving from a Services Administration to a  Public Health Agency

• Re‐Balancing Across Promotion‐Prevention‐ Early Identification and Intervention ‐

Treatment and Recovery/Resiliency• Across the Life‐Span

SAMHSA’S STRATEGIC INITIATIVES: Our Scope of Work

3

Current Drivers

• Health Reform:  Enacting Provisions of the  Affordable Care Act

– Secretarial Reports re National Strategies:  Quality,  Prevention, Disparities, etc.

• Sandy Hook Elementary School Tragedy:             – Focus on Mental Health

• Budget Challenges– Sequestration  

http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/legislativ

e_reports/fy13ombjcsequestrationreport.pdf

– Continuing Resolution – March 27, 2013

“Now is the Time” The President’s Plan Following Sandy Hook

Includes:1.

Closing background check 

loopholes to keep guns out of 

dangerous hands;2.

Banning military‐style assault 

weapons and high‐capacity 

magazines, and taking other 

common‐sense steps to reduce 

gun violence;3.

Making schools safer; and

4.

Increasing access to mental 

health services.

“President’s plan to protect our 

children and our communities by 

reducing gun violence”WH.gov/Now‐is‐the‐Time

SAMHSA:  Response to Sandy Hook

• Reach 750,000 young people through programs to  identify mental health disorders early and connect to 

treatment– Provide Mental Health First Aid Training for School 

Personnel– School districts work with law enforcement, mental health 

agencies and local organizations to assure students with  MEB issues are referred and access services

• Innovative State‐based strategies to support young  people in transition with MH/SA issues

– 16‐25 year olds at high risk for mental/substance use  disorders and suicide, but least likely to seek help

Sandy Hook Response (cont)

• Workforce Development– Train > 5,000 additional mental health professionals to serve 

emerging adults • National Dialogue on Mental and Emotional Health of 

Young People– Change the conversation re Mental Health/Conditions and 

Disorders– Engage all parts of community to reduce negative attitudes 

re mental disorders, to recognize the warning signs and  enhance access to supports and care.

(Administrator Pam Hyde, Congressional Testimony, January 14, 2013)

Sandy Hook Tragedy and Impact on  Mental Health

• State budgets:  2009‐2012 ~ $4.3B slashed in mental health  spending, but now…..

• Minn: legislators seeking $$ for MH treatments programs in  schools

• PA: effort to reclaim $84M that was cut• VA: proposing $$ for training on Mental Health First Aid for 

teachers and first responders• WIS Gov: proposed ~$30M boost to MH funding• CO Gov: proposed $18M for MH crisis hotline, walk‐in centers 

and housing vouchers for MI• Opportunity for “good”

and “bad”

policy re mental health

The Secretary’s Action Plan to Reduce  Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

• Goal: Assess and heighten the 

impact of all HHS policies, 

programs, processes, and 

resource decisions to reduce 

health disparities.  • HHS leadership will assure that:

Program grantees, as applicable, 

will be required to submit health 

disparity impact statements as 

part of their grant applications.  

Such statements can inform 

future HHS investments and 

policy goals…..

SAMHSA’s Approach to the Secretarial Priority  re Disparity Impact Statements in Grants

Three‐prong Approach:1. Measure Development

– Using existing grant data (GPRA) to determine subpopulation  disparities in Access, Service Use and Outcomes

2. Quality Improvement framework – CLAS Standards (Culturally Linguistically Appropriate Services, HHS)– Outreach/engagement, retention; workforce strategies

3. Operational changes in SAMHSA’s grant‐making – new language in RFAs (“Appendix J”), – review criteria;  Terms and Conditions, – TA to grant project officers, etc.

HOW DO WE THINK ABOUT  ADVANCING THE BEHAVIORAL 

HEALTH OF CHILDREN ACROSS THE  NATION?

Determinants of Health  

Source: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Commission to Build a Healthier America, www.commisiononhealth.org

2012 CYF Program Chart

Strategies to Consider

• Assertively use new and emerging data,

knowledge  and information; 

• Strengthen research‐practice‐policy partnerships• Systematically use grant programs as “learning 

laboratories”• Move findings, lessons learned into practice and 

policy with ongoing feedback loops• Identify and partner with potential “host”

systems 

where children and families are

Data Efforts and Partnerships

• CDC MMWR (Morbidity Mortality Weekly Report) on  Children’s Mental Health Surveillance, May 2013 –

Informed by multiple federal surveys• National Survey of Children’s Health (HRSA & CDC) State 

based variability re Medication Treatment for ADHD  – ranged from 33% Nevada to 79% Mississippi

• The New Adolescents:  An Analysis of Health Conditions,  Behaviors, Risks and Access to Services Among 

Emerging Young Adults

“adrift in perfect storm of  health risks”

(Lawrence Neinstein, USC, 2013)

Major Depressive Episode &  Treatment by Age

Slide Prepared by Mike Dennis,Ph.D.,  Chestnut Health Systems

Major Depressive Episode &  Treatment by Gender

Slide Prepared by Mike Dennis, PhD.,  Chestnut Health Systems

Major Depressive Episode &  Treatment by Race

Slide Prepared by Mike Dennis, Ph.D., Chestnut Health Systems

Substance Use Disorder &  Treatment by Age

Slide Prepared by Mike Dennis, Ph.D., Chestnut Health Systems

Substance Use Disorder &  Treatment by Race 

Slide Prepared by Mike Dennis,Ph.D., Chestnut Health Systems

Unmet Need for Mental Health  Treatment by 3 Months

Slide Prepared by Mike Dennis, Ph.D., Chestnut Health Systems

SAMHSA’S THEORY OF CHANGE22

Scaling Up Systems of Care:  CMHI Planning and Implementation Grants

To improve the behavioral health outcomes of children and youth with 

serious emotional disturbances and their families: • State Grants to support state‐wide expansion and implementation

• Planning Grants  (1‐year)• Implementation Grants ( 4‐Year)

• Support the provision of mental health and related recovery supports and  

services• Plan and implement systemic changes in policy, financing, services and 

supports, training and workforce development, • Sustain the system of care approach including through linkages with 

health reform opportunities.

Scaling Up Systems of Care: 

• Renewed emphasis on States– State Grants;  SOC Language in 2014‐2015 Block Grant Application

• Opportunities in Health Reform– Essential Health Benefits– Alignment with Health Homes/ Care Management Entities

• CMS Informational Bulletins– EPSDT– Children’s Mental Health/Home and Community‐based Services

• State Directors’

Letters: Children’s Mental Health, Child  Welfare Administrators, Medicaid Directors 

– Childhood Trauma; Psychotropic Medications

Scaling Up:  State Adolescent Substance Abuse  Treatment Enhancement & Dissemination Grants

To improve treatment for adolescents: •development of a Learning Laboratory

with collaborating State‐

local 

community based treatment provider sites. •Improvements in State level

infrastructure through workforce 

development, financial planning, licensure and certification•Improvement of Site level

infrastructure through implementation of 

Evidence Based Practice (EBP) related to assessment and treatment and 

monitoring client

level change

Builds on: •Previous grant programs on adolescent SA treatment and Continuing 

Care that generated best/evidence‐based practices for adolescents•Builds on cohort of 16 State Adolescent State Coordinator Grants

Scaling Up:  Adolescent Substance  Abuse Intervention/Treatment

• Support NASADAD Convening Adolescent SA State  Coordinators on Monthly Basis

• NASADAD and SA Coordinators developing State  Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Guidelines

• Builds on Adolescent SA Treatment Grants• Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment ‐

Technical 

Experts Panel Consensus Report (2013)• Health Reform: Essential Health Benefits include 

category of Substance Abuse

BEYOND CLINICAL ENDEAVORS: CRITICAL SOCIAL & SYSTEM 

DETERMINANTS 

Early Childhood Systems

• Child Care and Development Block Grant Fund            $5.2 billion; 2.5 million children served

• Head Start                                                       $7.9 Billion; 1,141,876 children enrolled                       

(Early Head Start set‐aside ~ 130,000 birth‐

3yr olds; 14,000  pregnant women)

• Home Visiting                                                    $1.5 billion investment over 5 years (FY 2010‐2014)

• Race to the Top Early Learning Grants                            Competitive grants to States that with innovative and comprehensive 

early education reform.  

How can we best introduce and incorporate  essentials of children’s mental health?

Universal Selected  Indicated• Early social/emotional child development• Impact of trauma in early childhood• “Healthy and Safe Environments”

emotionally safety

• Mental Health Consultation• Screening, assessments and referrals –

child, family and 

practitioners• Parenting – national initiative• Systems of Care/ Wraparound Approaches

Child Welfare System

• Child Trauma Collaborations (ACYF, CMS, SAMHSA)          increase number of trauma‐exposed children in child welfare who receive the 

right services at the right time to improve social‐emotional well‐being. 

• Psychotropic Medications (ACYF, CMS, SAMHSA)               State Directors Letter, State Directors Summit, GAO Report 

• Treatment Foster Care Technical Experts Panel (ACYF,  CMS, SAMHSA)

• The National Center on Substance Abuse and Child  Welfare‐

SAMHSA IAA  with ACYF; shared center

• Regional Partnership Grants                                      ACF Grant, SAMHSA TA via NCSACW

Attorney General’s  Defending Childhood Initiative

• Connections with Law Enforcement and the Juvenile  Justice System (judges, family and youth courts, 

detention, etc.)• Children Exposed to Violence 

Grants and task force• National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention 

Place‐based, Mayor‐led 10 cities initiative• School to Prison Pipeline

School Discipline Consensus Project• Children of Incarcerated Parents

>1.7M children; increased risk of extreme poverty, exposure  to substance abuse, home instability, etc.

U.S.D.A.:  Women Infants and  Children Nutrition Program (WIC)

• Rates of depression and depressive symptoms among low‐

income mothers, nearly double general population (12‐27% 

current; 43% lifetime)• Is a concern in Head Start, SNAP, TANF, WIC – programs serving 

economically disadvantaged families• Depression interferes with parenting; imposes risks for healthy 

child development; associated with depression in children (IOM 

Report, 2009)• WIC:  new guidance for WIC workers re screening and referral to 

supports/services• WIC: During Fiscal Year 2011, the number of women, infants, 

and children receiving WIC benefits each month          averaged

almost 9 million participants per month; WIC touches about 50% 

of all babies born

SAMHSA’s Framework re Trauma  and a Trauma‐Informed Approach

Trauma: Individual trauma results from an • Event, series of events, or set of circumstances that is• Experienced

by an individual as physically and/or emotionally harmful or 

threatening and that has lasting adverse • Effects

on the individual’s functioning and/or physical, social, emotional, or 

spiritual well‐being

Trauma‐Informed Approach: A program, organization or system • Realizes and is aware of the widespread impact of trauma and understands 

potential paths for recovery; • Recognizes

the signs and symptoms of trauma in clients, families, staff, and others 

involved with the system; • Refrains from

retraumatization;• Responds

by fully integrating knowledge about trauma into policies, procedures, 

practices and interventions, and settings. 

Principles and Suggested Guidance for a Trauma Informed Approach

SAMHSA’s Public Health Approach  to Trauma

Responding to IOM’s Preventing Mental, Emotional,  and Behavioral Disorders Among Young People

• SAMHSA’s 2012  7‐State Policy  Academy on Preventing Mental and 

Substance Use Disorders in Children  and Youth

• Office of Adolescent Health Science to  Service Symposium: Advancing the 

Prevention of Mental, Emotional, and  Behavioral Disorders in Adolescence

• SAMHSA/NIDA Implementation Team • Building a Shared Prevention  

Infrastructure

States’

Challenges and Key Areas of Focus

Challenges• Addressing the risk factors or the 

conditions?• Identifying, building, or using 

existing infrastructure?• Paying for individual or 

community/population 

prevention?• Finding shared platforms for 

prevention that can 

service/support multiple types of 

preventable conditions (e.g. 

obesity, teen pregnancy, 

depression, suicide, alcohol use, 

etc.)

Key Topics• Providing training in evidence‐

based suicide prevention to 

reduce risk factors and promote 

positive and protective factors in 

youth and their families  • Identifying / developing 

epidemiological and other 

planning data to support an 

integrated prevention system • Screening for and addressing 

trauma in the lives of young 

children• Developing MEB screening 

guidelines for primary care for 

youth ages 13 to 21

Selected Models for State and Community  Prevention Infrastructure

Positive Indicators of Child Well‐being

•SENSE OF PURPOSE• Believing one’s life is meaningfully

connected to a larger picture

SELF‐MANAGEMENTAge-appropriate autonomy, emotional self-regulation, persistence, constructive time use

AGENCYPlanfulness, resourcefulness, positive risk-taking, realistic goal-setting, motivation

SENSE OF PURPOSEBelieving one’s life is meaningfully connected to a larger picture

CONFIDENCEPositive identity and self-worth

SOCIAL INTELLIGENCECommunication, cooperation, conflict-resolution skills, trust, intimacy

ENVIRONMENTAL 

AWARENESS & BEHAVIORKnowledge, positive behaviors

RISK MANAGEMENT SKILLSSkills and knowledge to avoid drug and alcohol use and risky sex

CRITICAL THINKINGEvaluation/analytical/problem- solving skills

KNOWLEDGE OF 

ESSENTIAL LIFE SKILLSFinancial management, decision- making skills, home maintenance, etc.

POSITIVE RELATIONSHIPS 

WITH PEERS, SIBLINGS, 

FAMILY, ETC.Warmth, closeness, communication, support, positive advice

Adapted from: Lippman, LH; Moore, KA & McIntosh, H. (2011). Positive indicators of child well-being: A conceptual framework, measures, and methodological issues. Applied Research in Quality of Life. Accessed on August 16, 2011. http://www.springerlink.com.proxy.uchicago.edu/content/tr32721263478297/.

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