September2016

ADVANCINGDEVELOPMENTAPPROACHESTOMIGRATIONANDDISPLACEMENT

UNDPPOSITIONPAPERFORTHE2016UNSUMMITFORREFUGEESANDMIGRANTS

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OUTLINE ______________________________________________________________________________

1.0Migrationanddisplacement⎯ notashorttermcrisisbutalongertermtrend 4

2.02016UNSummitandNewYorkDeclarationforRefugeesandMigrants 5

3.0UNDP’sUNSummitandpost-UNSummitkeyrecommendations 7

I. RecommendationforboththeComprehensiveRefugeeResponseFramework

andtheGlobalCompactonSafe,OrderlyandRegularMigration 7

II. RecommendationsspecifictotheComprehensiveRefugeeResponseFramework 8

III. RecommendationsspecifictotheGlobalCompactonSafe,Orderlyand

RegularMigration 12

4.0UNDP’sspecificcommitmentstoaddressinglargemovementsofrefugeesandmigrants 12

______________________________________________________________________________

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1.0Migrationanddisplacement⎯ notashorttermcrisisbutalongertermtrendAroundtheworld,peopleareonthemove, looking forsaferandbetterenvironments inwhichto live, findwork and prosper.Migration plays a critical role in economic growth and development bymeeting labourmarket shortages at all skill levels. In 2015, there were 244 million international migrants globally.1Demographic trends, including a growing youth population, combined with limited jobs and livelihoodopportunitiesandinadequateinvestmentinhumancapitalarealsoexpectedtoincreasemigrationlevels.By2030, for instance, the target date for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the number of youth isprojectedtohavegrownby7percent,tonearly1.3billion.2By2050anestimated35percentofglobalyouthwillbeAfrican.

WorldwideremittanceflowsareestimatedtohaveexceededUS$601billionin2015.Ofthis, it isestimatedthatmore than US$441 billionwere sent bymigrants back to their families living in developing countries,nearlythreetimestheamountofofficialdevelopmentassistance(ODA).3Yet,asofthethirdquarterof2015,theaveragecostofsendingbackremittancesworldwideremainedcloseto8percent⎯-farabovethe3percenttargetsetintheSDGs.4Theworldiscurrentlywitnessingamountingdisplacementcrisis.Forceddisplacementaffectsover65millionpeopleworldwide(comparedto59.5millionjust12monthsearlier),ofwhom21.3millionarerefugees,40.8million are internally displaced andmore than 3million are asylum seekers.5Women are disproportionallyimpacted by forced displacement. Specific challenges relate, for instance, to the disintegration of families,childcare,socialanomalies,unprotectedemploymentandworkininformalsectors.Therateatwhichpeoplearefleeingwarandpersecutionhassoaredfrom6perminutein2005to24perminutein2015.6

In the last two decades, not only the amount, but also the duration of displacement has increasedsignificantly.Morethan80percentofrefugeecrises last for tenyearsormore; two in five last20yearsormore. The persistence of crises in countries with internal displacement is also alarming.7 As a result, themigrationanddisplacementcrisisisincreasinglystrainingnationalandlocalgovernmentcapacitiestoprovide

1 United Nations (2015). International Migration Report 2015, UNDESA, Population Division. Available from:www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/publications/migrationreport/docs/MigrationReport2015_Highlights.pdf.2http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/documents/youth/fact-sheets/YouthPOP.pdf.3 World Bank Group, 2016. Migration and Remittances Factbook 2016. Available from: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPROSPECTS/Resources/334934-1199807908806/4549025-1450455807487/Factbookpart1.pdfThetruesizeofremittances,includingunrecordedflowsthroughformalandinformalchannels,isbelievedtobesignificantlyhigher.4Ibid.ThecostofremittancesisthehighestinSub-SaharanAfricaandinthePacificIslands.5UNHCR(2016).GlobalTrendsForcedDisplacementin2015.Availablefrom:www.unhcr.org/576408cd7.pdf.6Ibid.7 Crawford, N. and others, 2015.Protracted displacement: uncertain paths to self-reliance in exile.ODI, HumanitarianPolicyGroup.Availablefrom:https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications...files/9855.pdf.

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adequate protection, access to basic services and an environment conducive to jobs and livelihoodopportunities.Infrastructureandsystemshavealsobeenstretchedtotheirlimitsandbeyond.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development fully recognizes migration and displacement as coredevelopmentconsiderations. Ithas introduceda rangeof specificSDGtargetsonmigration8andpledges to“leavenoonebehind”,includingrefugees,displacedpersonsandhostcommunities.Sincemigrationanddisplacementarekeypriorities forUNDP’ssustainabledevelopmentagenda, thispaperoutlinesUNDP’spositiononkeycommitmentsmadeintheNewYorkDeclarationforRefugeesandMigrants.It further outlines recommendations for the forthcomingComprehensiveRefugeeResponse Framework andtheGlobalCompactonSafe,OrderlyandRegularMigration,anditpresentsUNDP’sSummitandpost-Summitcorporatecommitmentsonmigrationanddisplacement.

2.02016UNSummitandNewYorkDeclarationforRefugeesandMigrants

The 19 September 2016 UN Summit for Refugees and Migrants presents an historic opportunity for theinternationalcommunitytoreaffirmitscommitmentstoaddresslargemovementsofrefugeesandmigrants,and identify collective responses. The Summit will reflect on the understanding that the root causes ofdisplacement and drivers ofmigrationmust be addressed and that respect for relevant existing normativeframeworks must be reaffirmed and supported. Particularly, the Summit provides an opportunity to worktowardsaComprehensiveRefugeeResponseFrameworkandaGlobalCompactforSafe,OrderlyandRegularMigration,tobeadoptedin2018.UNDPacknowledgestheeffortsofMemberStateswhohaveconsultedwidelyandreachedconsensusontheNewYorkDeclarationforRefugeesandMigrantsforthe19SeptemberUNSummitforRefugeesandMigrants.UNDPparticularlywelcomes the fact that theDeclarationaddresses thecriticaldevelopmentdimensionsofmigrationanddisplacement.Inparticular,UNDPsupportsthefollowingkeycommitmentsmadebyMemberStates:

• As highlighted in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, recognition of the positive

contributionsofmigrantsto inclusivegrowthandsustainabledevelopment,andthecommitmentto“leave no one behind” by addressing the specific needs ofmigrants, refugees and other displacedpersons;

8TheSDGsurgeallstatesanddevelopmentpartnerstoprotectmigrantworkers’laborrights,promotesafeandsecureworkingenvironments (Target8.8), implementplannedandwell-managedmigrationpolicies (Target10.7), reduce thetransaction costs of migrant remittances (Target 10.c), produce high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregatedamong others by race, ethnicity, and migratory status (Target 17.18), and eliminate all forms of violence, abuse,exploitationandtraffickingofwomen(Target5.2)andchildren(Target16.2).

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• Commitment to address the root causes of large movements of refugees and migrants, includingthrough achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in particular those on early crisisprevention,peacebuilding,mediationandsustainabledevelopment;

• ReaffirmationofthecommitmentsmadeundertheSendaiFrameworkforDisasterRiskReduction,theParisAgreementonClimateChangeandtheAddisAbabaActionAgendatoaddressthesituationsofrefugeesandmigrants;

• Accession to, and implementation of, relevant international instruments on preventing andcombattingtraffickinginpersons,includingsmugglingofmigrants;

• To takemeasures thatmakehumanitarian financingmore flexible andpredictable,withdiminishedearmarkingandincreasedmulti-yearfunding;

• Commitmenttorespectinternationallawandinternationalhumanrightsinaddressingmigrationanddisplacement;

• Condemnation of acts of racism, xenophobia, racial discrimination and related intolerance againstrefugeesandmigrants;

• Ensuring that responses to migration and displacement mainstream gender perspectives, promotegender equality and empowerment ofwomen, aswell as protect the human rights ofwomen andgirls;

• Facilitatingthedevelopment(andimplementation)ofaGlobalCompactforSafe,OrderlyandRegularmigration,andaComprehensiveRefugeeResponseFrameworkby2018.

UNDP is committed to work with and support Member States in achieving the above commitments andtranslating the agreements into policy and programmable interventions. Although UNDP respects theSummit’sfocusonrefugeesandmigrants,UNDPwillcontinuetoadvocatestronglyforsustainedattentionandsupport to internal displacement, in line with our commitment under the 2030 Agenda “to leave no onebehind”,alsobearinginmindtheriskthatinternallydisplacedpersons(IDPs)couldbecomerefugeesorforcedmigrantsinthefuture.UNDP is committed to continue to strengthen its partnerships to respond to issues migration anddisplacement, in particular with the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the InternationalOrganizationforMigration(IOM)andtheWorldBank.Particular,UNDPwillseektoadvancepartnershipswithrespect to a new approach to strategic planning through joint development-humanitarian assessments,analysis, andmulti-year planning and programming for collective outcomes. Thiswill include strengtheningmulti-stakeholder collaboration and national and local government capacity building to improve andharmonizethedataandevidencebaseonthedevelopmentimpactofmigrationandforceddisplacement,to

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inform policies and programmes in countries affected by forced displacement and large movements ofmigrants.9

3.0UNDP’sSummitandpost-SummitkeyrecommendationsUNDPadvocatesforconcretefollowuptothe19SeptemberUNSummitforRefugeesandMigrants.TheNewYork Declaration for Refugees and Migrants has two Annexes. Annex I on refugees: the ComprehensiveRefugee Response Framework (CRRF); andAnnex II onmigrants: theGlobal Compact for Safe,Orderly andRegularMigration.TheCRRFandGlobalCompactwillbedevelopedoverthenextfewyearsandadoptedin2018. This section presents UNDP’s key Summit and post-Summit recommendations for the internationalcommunity to respond to, manage and prevent10 large movements of migrants and refugees. TheserecommendationsaresharedforconsiderationduringthedevelopmentofboththeCRRFandGlobalCompactinthenexttwoyears.

I. RECOMMENDATIONSFORBOTH THECOMPREHENSIVEREFUGEERESPONSEFRAMEWORKAND THEGLOBALCOMPACTONSAFE,ORDERLYANDREGULARMIGRATION

AdvanceajointevidencebaseonthedevelopmentimpactoflargemovementsofmigrantsandrefugeesRegularmigrationcanbeaforceforpositiveglobalizationandeconomicgrowth.Althoughunderstandingthesocialandeconomicvalueofmigration forbothcountriesofdestinationandcountriesoforiginhasbeenachallenging issue, comparable data is increasingly available.11Some areas of the migration agenda are,however, still particularly constrained by the lack of substantial research, including irregularmigration andmixedmigration flows aswell as, for instance, cost benefit analysesofmigration vs people staying in theirhomecountries.At the same time, there is a critical demand for more coherent data on forced displacement acrosshumanitarian and development partners, including reliable information about the development impact oflarge movements of refugees, internally displaced persons (IDPs), asylum seekers, and forced migrants⎯-includingthesocioeconomicimpactonhostcommunities.Importantly,thereisaneedforadditionalresearchanddataon irregular andmixedmigration flows.A commonunderstandingof the context and the risksoflarge movements can provide a better basis for joint humanitarian and development efforts, with theappropriate linkages to peacebuilding efforts. Joint analyses that include humanitarian, development andpeacebuildingdimensionsremaintheexceptionratherthantherule.

9UNDPiscurrentlyaleadagencyonmultiplejointglobalandregionalinitiativesrelatingtomigrationanddisplacement.These include, amongst others, the Regional Refugee Response Plan (3RP); the Durable Solutions initiative, the JointUNDP-IOMGlobalProgrammeonMainstreamingMigrationintoNationalDevelopmentStrategies;theGlobalForumforMigrationandDevelopment(GFMD);theGlobalMigrationGroup(GMG);theJointMigrationandDevelopmentInitiative(JMDI);andtheSolutionsAlliance.10 Prevention focuses on addressing the factors that trigger largemovements ofmigrants, refugees and IDPs, so thatpeoplearenotforcedtoflee.“Prevention”doesnotmeanpreventingpeoplefrommovingassuch.11http://www.knomad.org/;OECDhttp://www.oecd.org/migration/migration-development/.

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UNDP’srecommendations

- Investinshared,strategicanalysis,fromidentifyingpre-crisisrisksandbaselines,toin-crisisandimmediatepost-crisisanalyses,takingintoaccounttheevolvingneedsandinstitutionaldynamics.Theseanalysesshouldbe localized wherever possible. We should improve mechanisms to share analyses between internationalactors;

-Strengthennationalandlocalgovernmentcapacitiesthroughmulti-stakeholdercollaborationtobuildajointevidencebaseon thesocialandeconomic impactof forceddisplacementandmigration,asabasis forwell-informed policies and programming. This will require investment in intensive, technical advice and trainingsupportforlocalandnationalactorstoleadassessmentandanalyses;

Inparticular,UNDPrecommendsmeasurestostrengthencapacitiesintermsofassessmentsandanalysisinthefollowingareas:i)Rootcausesofforceddisplacementanddriversofforcedmigration;ii)Economicimpactofmigration on countries of destination; iii) Role of diaspora and remittances on economic recovery andsustainabledevelopment;v)Socialimpactsofmigrationanddisplacement;vi)Roleofmigrants,refugeesandIDPs in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets; vii) Livelihood and workforcedevelopment;viii)Additionalresearchanddataonirregularandmixedmigrationflows.

BuildcapacitytomainstreammigrationanddisplacementintonationalandlocaldevelopmentplansInorder to find sustainable solutions toprotracteddisplacementand toenhance thepositivedevelopmentimpactof regularmigration, it isessential forhostgovernments tomainstreammigrationanddisplacementconsiderationsintotheirnationalandlocaldevelopmentplans.Guidancehasrecentlybeenmadeavailabletosupport this process, as embodied in theGuidancenote: IntegratingMigrationandDisplacement inUnitedNationsDevelopmentAssistanceFrameworks(UNDAFs)12.

In terms of displacement, partners are encouraged to build on existing experience through UNDP’s andUNHCR’s joint support togovernmentsonnational strategydevelopment forDurableSolutions, in linewiththeOctober 2011 SecretaryGeneral’sDecisiononDurable Solutions. Partners should also build on existingexperiencesfrom,forinstance,theUnitedNationsActionsforCooperationAgainstTraffickinginpersons(UN-ACT),whichsupportsgovernmentswithnationalstrategydevelopmentonhumantrafficking,notingthecloselinkbetweenmigrationandhumantrafficking.

UNDP’srecommendations

- Facilitate international cooperation, knowledge-sharing and learning on mainstreaming migration anddisplacement intonationaland local leveldevelopmentplans.Thismay includebroad implementationofthe“Guidance note: Integrating Migration and Displacement in United Nations Development AssistanceFrameworks(UNDAFs)”13;

12 Guidance note: Integrating Migration and Displacement in United Nations Development Assistance Frameworks(UNDAFs), prepared by the Global Migration Group (GMG), Working Group on Mainstreaming Migration intoDevelopmentPlanning,forthcoming2016.13Ibid.

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-Empowerlocalandregionalauthoritiesasfirstresponderstothechallengesandopportunitiesofmigrationanddisplacementandsupportthemtoensuretheirresponsefostersinclusivelocaldevelopment.

II.RECOMMENDATIONSSPECIFICTOTHECOMPREHENSIVEREFUGEERESPONSEFRAMEWORK(CRRF)

InvestinacomprehensiveapproachtoanalyzingandaddressingtherootcausesanddriversofdisplacementandforcedmigrationRoot causes and key drivers of displacement and forcedmigration include insufficient development gains,protractedconflicts,violentextremism,discriminationandlackofgoodgovernance,weakruleoflaw,humanrightsabuses, lackofaccountability,systematicexclusionandmarginalization,climatechange,weaknaturalresourcesmanagement and environmental degradation (including for instance land degradation andwaterscarcity).TheUNSecretaryGeneral’sReportInSafetyandDignity:AddressingLargeMovementsofRefugeesandMigrantsurges“investments insustainabledevelopmentandconflict-prevention,notonlybecause it isthe right thing to do, but also because it is more cost-effective than mobilizing a response to largemovements.”14

UNDP’srecommendations:

- Strengthen the capacities of governments at the national and local level to analyse root causes ofdisplacement,promoteinclusivepoliticalprocessesandresponsiveinstitutionstoensureequalaccesstopublicservicesandlivelihoodsopportunities,asabasisforeffectiveandtargetedprogramming;

- Strengthen government capacities with respect to conflict prevention, including targeted investments inpreventionofviolentextremism;

- Support national and local governments in climate change adaptation, disaster preparedness andenvironmentaldegradation (including for instance landdegradationandwater scarcity). This should includesupporttostrengtheningcommunityresiliencetocopewithandrecoverfromfutureshocks,reducingtheneedforinvoluntarydisplacement;

- Invest in targeted sustainable development interventions in areas that are vulnerable to displacement tocreate amore conducive environment for people to stay. This is (?) an environment that enables jobs andlivelihood opportunities in rural areas (e.g. through value chain development in competitive sectors such asagriculture),equitableaccesstobasicservices,enhancedsecurityandaccesstojustice.

Placeresilience-baseddevelopmentatthefrontandcentreofhostcommunitysupportCountriesofdestinationandhostcommunitiesinparticularprovideaglobalpublicgoodbyhostingrefugees,irregularorforcedmigrantsand/orIDPs,andarethefirsttoabsorbtheshockofanymajorinfluxofdisplacedpersons,oftendemonstratingextraordinarygenerosity. Increasingly,displacedpersonsareresidingoutsideofcamps,withoutaccesstohumanitariansupportandmostofthemarerelyingontheinformaleconomy.14 United Nations Secretary General’s Report In Safety and Dignity: Addressing Large Movements of Refugees andMigrants,May2016.

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Experienceinrespondingtolarge-scalemovementsofrefugees,IDPsandforcedmigrationshowstheneedtocombine short-term responses to displacement impacts with medium to long-term developmentinterventions. A resilience-based development approach does this by bringing together humanitarian anddevelopment interventions in crisis and post-crisis situations, supporting host communities and displacedpersons to better copewith and recover fromdisplacement impacts, and to protect development gains. Aresilience-based development approach will help ensure that affected communities not only recover fromcrises, but also improve their prospects for the longer term development needed tomove towards lastingpeaceandprosperity.UNDP’srecommendations- Support municipalities to plan for high numbers of displaced persons to arrive in their communities, andensure access to basic services through participatory local governance systems. For instance, municipalcapacitiesmaynotbesufficienttocollectthe increasedvolumesofmunicipalwaste. Ifso,there isaneedtostrengthenlocalauthorities’capacitiesforwasteremovalandrecycling,wherepossiblethroughcash-for-workinitiativesandthepromotionofrelatedsmallbusinesses;

-Jobsandlivelihoodsopportunities-Realorperceivedcompetitionoveraccesstolivelihoodsopportunitiesmaycreate tensions between host community members and displaced persons. There is a need to supporteconomicallyandenvironmentallysustainablelivelihoodsopportunitiesforbothhostcommunitymembersandthe displaced, including cash-for-work, vocational training, and small andmedium enterprise development.Hostcommunitysupportshouldalsoincludenaturalresourcemanagement,notingtheadditionalstrainthatalargeinfluxofrefugeesmayhaveonalreadylimitedresourcesincommunities,suchaswaterandland;

-Protectionandaccesstojustice-Thereisaneedforsupportforawiderangeofruleoflawinstitutionsandactorswhocontributetostrengtheningtheprotectionofdifferentgroups,includingdisplacedpersons.Areasofsupport include working with justice institutions to promote access to legal aid services, facilitate legaldocumentation,advocatefortherighttowork,housing,accesstobankingandbasicservices,workingoncrossborder management and enhancing community security by focusing on the reduction of violence, and thecontrolandmanagementofsmallarms;

- Social cohesion and community participation- There is a need for improved dialogue and facilitation ofconflict mitigation between host communities and displaced persons. Social cohesion is further supportedthroughparticipatorylocaldevelopmentplanningforbasicservicedeliveryandpromotingcommunityprojectsthatinvolvejointworkbetweenhostcommunitymembersanddisplacedpersons.

CreateanenablingenvironmenttosupportthevoluntaryreturnandreintegrationofdisplacedpeoplewherepossibleVoluntaryreturnshouldbesupportedbycontributingtoasafeandenablingenvironmentwhereverpossible.

UNDP’srecommendations

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- Support for local authorities to bring together different elements of the community and equitably deliverbasic services through participatory governance systems that aim to deliver waste/debris management,rehabilitationofsocioeconomiccommunityinfrastructure,mineactionandstabilization;- Support for the socioeconomic reintegration of returnees through the creation of jobs and sustainablelivelihoodsopportunities, including cash-for-work, developmentof small andmediumenterprises, vocationalandbusinessskillstrainingandvaluechaindevelopment.Economicactivitiesshouldalsobeusedasanentrypointforsupportingsocialcohesionthroughcommunitydialogueandconflictmitigation.

Buildpartnershipsandcontinuetostrengthenhumanitarian-developmentcooperationRecenthighleveldiscussionshavere-confirmedtheimportanceof,andtheneedfor,advancingpartnershipsandjointapproachesinordertoaddressandrespondtolargemovementsofrefugees,IDPsandmigrants.15

UNDP’srecommendations

-Committojointdevelopment-humanitarianassessments,analysis,multi-yearplanningandprogrammingforcollectiveoutcomes;

-Worktowardsanewwayofusingflexibleadditionalandmulti-yearfinancing;and

- Strengthen multi-stakeholder collaboration and national and local government capacity-building tocoordinate and bring together the different partners around a harmonized evidence base on forceddisplacement,inordertoinformpoliciesandprogrammesincountriesaffectedbyforceddisplacement.

ForgecollaborationwithMultinationalDevelopmentBanks(MDBs)tocomplementnecessarydevelopmentassistanceBuilding on their competitive strengths, and in linewith theirmandates,MDBs canmobilize, allocate, anddeploy assistance across countries and regions, and provide advocacy and financing for developmentinterventionstosupportcountriesaffectedbydisplacement.UNDP’srecommendations-PromoteclosecollaborationwiththeJointMDBsCoordinationGroup,establishedbytheAfricaDevelopmentBank, theAsianDevelopmentBank (ADB), theEuropeanBank forRecoveryandDevelopment, theEuropeanInvestmentBank, the Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank(IADB), the IslamicDevelopmentBankGroup(IDBG)and theWorld BankGroup, to identify joint country engagement opportunities and response plans (and toensureaseatfortheUNatthetable);

15Thisincludescommitmentsmadeatrecentconferences,includingtheLondonConferenceontheSyriaCrisis(February2016),theSolutionsAllianceRoundtable(February2016)andtheWorldHumanitarianSummit(May2016);aswellasinvarious documents including the Secretary General’s Report In Safety and Dignity: Addressing Large Movements ofRefugeesandMigrants(May2016),andtheNewYorkDeclarationforRefugeesandMigrants.

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- Strengthen collaboration (i.e. joint assessments, planning, outcomes) in areas such as infrastructurereconstruction, job creation, education, regional cooperation, trade facilitation, entrepreneurship, andmicrofinance/accesstofinance;and- Mobilize and coordinate effective use of financial resources, and work through and empower localinstitutions,mobilizeprivatesectorresourcesandincreasetheirimpactonbothhostandorigincommunitiesaswellasrefugeesandIDPs.

III. RECOMMENDATIONS SPECIFIC TO THE GLOBAL COMPACT ON SAFE, ORDERLY AND REGULARMIGRATION

Channeldiasporasavings,remittancesandinvestmentsintosustainablelocaldevelopmentTheSecretaryGeneral’sReportInSafetyandDignity:AddressingLargeMovementsofRefugeesandMigrants,clearlyrecognizesthepotentialpositivedevelopmentimpactofmigration,includingforcountriesoforigin,ifmanagedwell.UNDP’srecommendations- Strengthen institutional and regulatory diaspora investment frameworks to attract and facilitate diasporainvestmentsintosustainableeconomicdevelopment,aswellasappropriatepost-investmentservices;- Support government counterparts in devising specific marketing and communication strategies to targetpotentialdiasporainvestorsmoreaccurately;- Support initiatives that channel remittances, diaspora savings and investments into local economicdevelopment,tocreatesustainablerevenueformigrantsandtheirfamilies;- Support pro-poor and migrant-specific financial products and services, as well as technology-enhancedremittancetransferservices,inareasunderservedbyfinancialinstitutions.- Supportorganized systemsof services to facilitate integrationof returningmigrants into the labour

marketandbusinessnetworks,tocontributetolocaldevelopment.16

4.0UNDP’sspecificcommitmentstoaddressinglargemovementsofrefugeesandmigrants

16Migrantsoftenbringpotentiallyvaluablesetofresources:humanandfinancialcapital,know-howandknow-who,butmeanwhile they have lost the local networks, trust and knowledge on how institutions (also financial)work, some ofthemhaveacquiredskillsabroadincludingthroughinformaleducationwhichneeds/shouldbelocallyrecognized.

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UNDPiscommittedtoworkwithandsupportMemberStatesinachievingthecommitmentsannouncedintheNew York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants, and translating the agreements at global, regional andcountrylevelintopolicies,strategiesandprogrammableinterventions.Inparticular,UNDPadvocatesfor:

1. Addressingrootcausesanddriversofdisplacementandofmigration.Thisincludescapacitybuildingtobetteranalyserootcauses,withourpartners.UNDPalsoadvocatesforAgenda2030asthemainframeworkforaddressingthekeyrootcausesanddrivers;

2. Advancing a joint evidence base and data collection on the development impact of largedisplacementmovements(refugeesandIDPs)andmigrants(especially irregularandforcedmigrants);

3. The importance of overall development approaches to addressing large movements,includingresilience-baseddevelopmentandhostcommunitysupport;

4. Mainstreamingofmigrationanddisplacementintonationalandlocaldevelopmentplanning;5. Strengthening collaboration between humanitarian and development partners, including

jointassessments,multi-yearplanning,programmingforcollectiveoutcomesandadditionalmulti-year financing. Importantly, financing for migration and displacement should notreplacecurrentdevelopmentassistance;

6. The importance of sustained support to the needs of internationally displaced persons(IDPs);

7. The importance to protect and uphold human rights principles, for all, regardless ofmigratorystatus.

Overall UNDP will work collectively with other partners, including humanitarian and development actors,governments,urbanplanners,civilsociety,IFIs,theprivatesectorandpopulationsthemselvestowardsanewapproachtodisplacementandmigrationthatreducesvulnerability,improvesresilienceandsupportsnationalandlocalsolutions(migrants,refugees,InternallyDisplacedPersons(IDPs),andhostcommunities).UNDPstands ready to implementall commitments listedbelowwithin thenext fiveyears,aspartof theabovemainareasofworkonmigrationanddisplacementanditsbroadersupporttotheAgenda2030onSustainableDevelopment.MainstreamingmigrationanddisplacementintonationaldevelopmentplansandSDGimplementation(AlsoappliestoSectionIIoftheNewYorkDeclaration-‘commitmentsthatapplytobothrefugeesandmigrants’)

UNDPwill:

I. Work closelywithmember states to ensure thatmigration and displacement issues are clearlyincluded in the localization of SDGs in the countries and/or regionswhere UNDP is supportingAgenda2030forSustainableDevelopment;

II. StrengthenadvocacyforandsupporttogovernmentsandUnitedNationsCountryTeamsontheintegration of migrants, IDPs, refugees and the needs of host communities into nationaldevelopmentplans,strategiesandUnitedNationsDevelopmentAssistanceFrameworks(UNDAFs)in all countries where UNDP is actively engaged in addressing migration and displacement.Specifically,thiswill includebuildingthecapacityofUnitedNationsCountryTeams,nationalandlocal government counterparts in at least 30 countries for mainstreaming migration and

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displacement in theUNDAFs forexample, through theuseof theGuidanceNoteon integratingMigrationandDisplacementintoNationalDevelopmentPlanning17,andothertrainingtools.

Analyzing and addressing root causes and drivers of displacement and forced migration (Also applies toSectionIVoftheNYDeclaration⎯commitmentsthatapplytorefugees)UNDPwill:

III. Supportatleast30programmecountriesineffectivelyanalysingandaddressingthedriversandtherootcausesofmigrationandforceddisplacement,includingviolentconflicts,climatechangeandenvironmentaldegradation,povertyandlackofgoodgovernance.

IV. BuildcapacityoftheUNsystemtoincreasethenumberandstrengthentheskills-baseofexperts

onconflictpreventionandresolutiontobettersupportnationalandlocaladministrationsaswellas international and regional organizations to analyse and address root causes of displacementanddrivers of forcedmigration.UNDPwill advocate for early action toprevent potential crisesfromdeterioratingintoviolentconflictbysupporting30programmecountriestocollect,analyse,shareandactonearlywarninginformation.

Humanitarian-development cooperation in preparing for, analysing and addressing large movements ofdisplacedpersons(AlsoappliestoSectionIVoftheNYDeclaration-commitmentsthatapplytorefugees)18UNDPwill:

V. Advocate, with partners, for the four main shifts needed and to facilitate the necessary

interagency coordination to transcend the humanitarian-development divide in addressingprotracteddisplacement,including:

a. A new approach to strategic planning through joint development-humanitarian assessments,analysis,andmulti-yearplanningandprogrammingforcollectiveoutcomes.Inparticular,thiswillincludestrengtheningmulti-stakeholdercollaborationandnationalandlocalgovernmentcapacitybuilding to improve and harmonize the data and evidence base on the development impact ofmigrationand forceddisplacement, to informpoliciesandprogrammes in countriesaffectedbyforceddisplacementandlargemovementsofmigrants.b. Localized solutions, including collaboration with local governments/authorities, civil societyand the private sector to implement solutions that work and ensure that “displacement” isincludedinlocal-levelplans,programmesandbudgets;

c.Anewapproachtoflexibleadditionalandmulti-yearfinancing;and

17Guidancenote:IntegratingMigrationandDisplacementinUnitedNationsDevelopmentAssistanceFrameworks(UNDAFs),preparedbytheGlobalMigrationGroup(GMG),WorkingGrouponMainstreamingMigrationintoDevelopmentPlanning,forthcoming2016.18CommitmentsbelowarefromWHS⎯approvedbyUNDP.

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d.Strengthenedpolicyandlegalframeworkstoprotectandfosterinclusionofrefugees,IDPsandmigrants.

Scaling up the response to large movements by strengthening the resilience of host communities anddisplaced(AlsoappliestoSectionIVoftheNYDeclaration-commitmentsthatapplytorefugees)19

UNDPwill:

VI. Doubleitsinvestmentinstrengtheningnationalandlocalsystemsandcapacitiesforundertakingresilient recovery, in order to address largemovements of refugees andmigration. Particularly,UNDPwillsupportresilience-baseddevelopmentforthedisplaced(IDPsandrefugees),migrantsandhostcommunitiesincountriesoftransitaswellascommunitiestowhichpeoplereturn.UNDPwill focus on at least 30 countries mostly affected by largemovements by 2020 as part of itsbroaderrecoveryefforts.Thisincludes:

a.Strengtheningcoregovernancefunctionsandservicedeliveryforcrisisresponseandresilientrecoveryin30countriesaffectedby largemovementsofdisplacedpeople(IDPsandrefugees)andforcedmigrationduetoprotracted crisis and/orby ahighdegreeof fragility.UNDPwill target 80 sub-national entities, focusingonareasofurbancrisis;

b. Supporting inclusive and participatory local governance processes through work with civil societyorganizations, at least 30 percent ofwhichwill bewomen's groups, to lead community-driven prevention,preparedness,recovery,andsustainabledevelopmentin30crisis-pronecountries,includingthoseparticularlyaffectedbylargemovementsofdisplaced(IDPsandrefugees)andmigrants;

c. Strengthening local capacities to create jobs and livelihood opportunities, including through innovativepartnershipswiththeprivatesector,enablingarapidreturntosustainabledevelopmentandinclusivegrowthfor30crisis-pronecountries,inparticularthoseaffectedbylargemovementsofdisplacedpersons(IDPsandrefugees)andforcedmigrants;

d.Supportingruleof lawinstitutionsandactorswhocontributetostrengtheningtheprotectionofdifferentgroups, including displaced persons in at least 30 countries. This includes cross border management,enhancingcommunity securityby focusingonviolence reductionandsmallarmscontrolaswellasworkingwithjusticeinstitutionstopromoteaccesstolegalaidservices,facilitatelegaldocumentation,righttowork,housing,accesstobankingandtobasicservices;e.Ensuringthatwomenandgirlrefugees,IDPsandhostcommunitiesreceivebetween40and60percentofthebenefitsofitsemploymentgeneration/earlyrecoveryprogrammesinatleast30countries.20

19CommitmentsbelowarefromWHS⎯approvedbyUNDP;butnowrefocusedonmigration/displacement.20Women,PeaceandSecurityagenda,Indicator18ofSecurityCouncilResolution1325(2000)