Advocacy Strategy Plan

Advocacy Strategy Plan

Advocacy Strategy Manual China Youth Network ForewordAdolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) is critical to young peoples healthy growth and development. China Youth Network (CYN) and China Family Planning Association (CFPA) work together to provide Chinese youth from all backgrounds high quality sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education and services. Guided by the principle By the youth, for the youth, we believe that young people have a vital role to play in the realization of their sexual and reproductive health rights. However, in practice, this is a difficult ideal to realize. Therefore, engaging adult decision-makers through advocacy has become one of CYNs most important strategies to achieve our goals and ensure genuine youth participation. Through the cultivation of strong youth-adult relationships between young people and key decision-makers, we can influence them to make decisions that are beneficial to youth or change the status quo. Through engaging the broader community, we can gain greater public support for our concerns, which can create a more supportive socio-political environment for our projects and advocacy work. In order to improve the youth advocacy activities for ASRH and rights in China, CYN has developed an Advocacy Strategy Manual. It is divided into two main parts. The first part introduces theories of advocacy and relevant domestic and international policy frameworks. The latter part puts forward CYNs strategic advocacy plan. The manual is based on analysis of the current ASRH situation in China, CYNs varied project experiences and group discussions between CYN members. It is the result of the hard work and efforts of numerous CYN member-volunteers and staff from CFPA and other international agencies. We would like to express our thanks to the following people. Zhang Yinxian, one of CYNs core members and a student at Renmin University of China, was responsible for writing the manual. Jiang Ying, Wang Weilong, Wan Junjun, Gaoshan Junjian, Zhang Jiaju, Song Han and other members of CYN have also been involved in the revision of the manual. Chen Wenting, Lu Ying, Chen Ning and Song Han, CYN members and students at Beijing Forestry University, have been responsible for the translation of the manual from English to Chinese. Li Lihe, from CFPA and Kelly Durrant from Marie Stopes International China have offered their guidance and assistance.

We hope that through this manual young people can become more informed and more effective in their advocacy work. We hope that young people and others working in advocacy for ASRH and rights in China will adapt the contents of this manual to their own specific situations. Opinions and suggestions for improvements are warmly welcomed.China Youth NetworkChina Family Planning AssociationJuly , 2010Glossary of Terms

ASRH Adolescent sexual and reproductive healthBCC Behavior Change CommunicationCEDAW Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women CEDPA Centre for Development and Population Activities CFPA China Family Planning Association CRC Convention on the Rights of Child CYN China Youth NetworkFP Family planningGO Government Organizations

ICPD International Conference on Population and DevelopmentICESCR International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural RightsIEC Information, Education, and CommunicationIPPF International Planned Parenthood Federation

MoE Ministry of EducationMoH Ministry of Health NGOs Non-government organizations ,

NPFPC National Population and Family Planning CommissionSRH Sexual and reproductive health

UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization

UNFPA United Nations Population Fund Contents

Background..-4- Theories of Advocacy- 5 -1.What is advocacy?

- 5 -2.What are the differences between advocacy and IEC/BCC?

- 6 -3.What are the steps for effective advocacy?

- 7 -1.Domestic Policy Environment

- 8 -2.International Policy Environment

CYN Advocacy Strategy Plan- 10 -1.Current ASRH Situation in China

- 11 -2.Current Issues for CYN to Advocate

- 12-3.The Overall Goal

- 12 -4.Objectives

5.Advocacy Plan- 12 -a)Objective 1

- 13 -b)Objective 2

- 14 -c)Objective 3

- 14 -d)Objective 4

- 15 -e)Objective 5

- 15 -6.Key Channels of Communication

- 16 -7.Monitoring and Evaluation

BackgroundChinas rapid economic growth, massive urban migration and changing social values are exposing youth to significant sexual and reproductive health (SRH) risks. Youth are reaching puberty at an earlier age, becoming sexually active earlier and marrying later in life. These trends have resulted in increased rates of teenage, pre-marital and commercial sex. Youth are thus vulnerable to STI/HIV infection, unwanted pregnancies and sexual violence.

A UNAIDS survey (2008) found that 17.3% of youth aged 15 to 24 years old, do not know where to buy condoms, 57.2% do not know how to use a condom correctly and 22.9% do not know where to get a HIV test. The number of unplanned and unwanted pregnancies amongst young Chinese women is also of critical concern. According to another survey, at least 30% of young women seeking an abortion has had one or more previous abortions. The majority of youth do have some knowledge of sexual and reproductive health. However, this is rarely learnt through a formal sexual and reproductive health curriculum in schools. A Peking University survey found that 80.4% of university students get access to SRH information through newspapers and magazines. As a result, young peoples knowledge is often fragmented and, at times, incorrect.

Although China does provide family planning (FP) services, these services are traditionally only for married couples. National laws and policies regarding family planning do not specifically refer to unmarried youth, so service providers are not obliged to provide services to them. As a result, FP services are tailored to suit married couples, services are generally more expensive for unmarried people, few FP centers actively provide free contraceptives to youth, and the utilization of Youth-Friendly Services (YFS) provided by maternal and child health (MCH) and FP clinics remains relatively low.

CYN believes that this situation has to change. The youth of today will be the leaders of tomorrow and will be critical to the Chinas future. CYN recognizes the urgent need to build up consensus among youth, as well as in the public, that all youth, regardless of their marital status, are entitled to the right to access confidential and affordable SRH information and services.Theories of Advocacy

1. What is advocacy?

Advocacy is an action directed at changing the policies, positions, and programs of any type of institution. (An Introduction to Advocacy: Training Guide, SARA Project, 1997)

Advocacy is speaking up, drawing a communitys attention to an important issue, and directing decision makers toward a solution. Advocacy is working with other people and organizations to make a difference. (Centre for Development and Population Activities (CEDPA), 1995).

Advocacy is a strategy for changing policies, programs, or legislations using persuasive communication. It entails raising awareness and creating a supportive environment through the dissemination of information. (UNESCO)

Advocacy is a process of creating support, building consensus and fostering a favorable and supportive climate towards a specific cause or issue through a set of well-planned and organized actions that undertaken by a group of individuals or organizations working in concert. (UNFPA)

2. What are the differences between advocacy and IEC/BCC?People often confuse the three concepts of advocacy, Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) and Behavior Change Communication (BCC).

In fact, the differences could be illustrated by the following table:ApproachOrganisersTarget AudienceObjectiveStrategiesMeasures

Advocacy- Networks

- Special interest groups

- Professional groups- Policy institutions-policy makers- other decision makers- Change policies, legislation, programmes and resource allocation- Focus on those with the power to affect the change.-Use high level meetings, public events, debates, letters, data, case studies - Form coalitions- Changes to policies, legislation, programmes that reflect key issues.

- Media coverage to determine how much the issue has been raised and debated publicly.-Process surveys of the program- Interviews

- Focus groups

- Opinion surveys

BCC/IEC- Service providers

- Community organisations-At risk groups- e.g. youth, migrants, IDU, sex workersRaise awareness and change behaviour- Community outreach

- Peer education

- Mass media campaigns- Process indicators (numbers reached)

- Change in knowledge, attitudes and behaviours

- Focus groups

- Service statistics

Although advocacy and IEC/BCC are different approaches, they can often complement each other. Advocacy activities often require similar skills needed for IEC/BCC.

3. What are the steps for effective advocacy?

1. Define the issue. Issue - the problem or situation that requires a policy or community action.2. Set goal and objectives. Goal a statement of general result you want to achieve or the long term result of your effort. Objectives short term specific results that will lead to your goal.3. Identify target audiences. The leaders, decision-makers, and community leaders you are trying to influence to support your issue. 4. Develop key message/s. Statements tailored to different audiences that define the issues, state solutions, and describe the actions that need to be taken.5. Select channels of communication. The means by which a message is delivered to the various target audience, e.g. mass media, meetings, flyers, press conference. 6. Build support. Building alliances with other groups, organizations, or individuals who are committed or have potential interest to support your issue. 7. Mobilize resources. Identify and attract resources (money, manpower, materials etc.) needed to be implement your campaign.8. Implement the Plan. Carry out a set of planned activities to achieve your objectives.

9. Collect data. Gather, analyze, and use appropriate quantitative and qualitative information to support each step of your campaign. 10. Monitor and evaluate. Monitoring a process of gathering information to measure progress towards the advocacy objective. Evaluation a process of gathering information to determine if the objective has been achieved. Domestic and International Policy Frameworks1. DOMESTIC POLICY ENVIRONMENTa) Domestic legislation

Chinas Population and Family Planning Law (2001) states that the government will create conditions to ensure that individual citizens knowingly choose safe, effective and appropriate contraceptive methods. However, the law refers only to married couples and there is no legal requirement to provide SRH services to unmarried youth. Yet Population and Family Planning Law (2001) article 13 states: Schools should develop appropriate lessons for students on anatomy, puberty and sex education according to the age and characteristics of the youth attending the school. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors (2006) Article 13 states that: Schools shall conduct adolescent-appropriate moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor education for minor students, and provide them guidance in social life as well as education in puberty knowledge. Outline for HIV/AIDS Prevention Programme in Primary and High Schools (2003) promotes health education programmes on HIV/AIDS prevention, in order for students to gain HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, develop healthy lifestyles, and protect themselves from contracting HIV. It states time shall be allotted from class time and activity time for this programme. In addition, under the premise of meeting the aforementioned goals, expansion of HIV/AIDS and reproductive health education content, according to the needs of students, is encouraged.b) CFPAs Five-Year ASRH Education Strategy

CPFA has developed a draft Five-Year ASRH Education Strategy:

The main part of the strategy involves up-scaling the ASRH peer education model developed during the CFPA-PATH program funded by the Gates Foundation from 2000 - 2005.

CFPA intends to scale up from the 14 pilot sites to a national program.

CFPA will provide technical support and training and will encourage local FPAs to seek funding from local government departments to meet their expenses.

The strategy itself is quite broad. It sets out five goals: 1. Strengthen management

2. Develop a pool of expert trainers and ASRH educators

3. Enhance regulations and policies

4. Develop training materials and model sites

5. Develop YFS sites in family planning offices

CYN is mentioned at one point in the strategy under section (4) on Mechanism Building. The strategy states that CFPA will provide support to CYN to promote youth participation in programming.

2. INTERNATIONAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTa) International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) 1994

As 2009 was ICPD + 15, the 15-year review of the ICPD Program of Action, it is good time to reference to the Program of Action: Action 7.46 - Countries should protect and promote the rights of adolescents to reproductive health education, information and care and greatly reduce the number of adolescent pregnancies.

Action 7.47 - Governments, in collaboration with non-governmental organizations, are urged to meet the special needs of adolescents and to establish appropriate programs to respond to those needs. Such programs should include support mechanisms for the education and counseling of adolescents in the areas of gender relations and equality, violence against adolescents, responsible sexual behavior, responsible family-planning practice, family life, reproductive health, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV infection and AIDS prevention. Programs for the prevention and treatment of sexual abuse and incest and other reproductive health services should be provided. Such programs should provide information to adolescents and make a conscious effort to strengthen positive social and cultural values. Sexually active adolescents will require special family-planning information, counseling and services, and those who become pregnant will require special support from their families and community during pregnancy and early child care. Adolescents must be fully involved in the planning, implementation and evaluation of such information and services with proper regard for parental guidance and responsibilities.

Action 6.15 - Youth should be actively involved in the planning, implementation and evaluation of development activities that have a direct impact on their daily lives. This is especially important with respect to information, education and communication activities and services concerning reproductive and sexual health, including the prevention of early pregnancies, sex education, and the prevention of HIV and AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases.

Action 7.31 - All health-care providers, including all family-planning providers, should be given specialized training in the prevention and detection of, and counseling on, sexually transmitted diseases, especially infections in women and youth, including HIV/AIDS.

ICPD+5, Para 68 - Governments should immediately develop, in full partnership with youth and others, youth-specific HIV education and treatment projects with special emphasis on developing peer education programs.

ICPD+5, Para 70 - Governments should adopt the goal of ensuring that HIV infection rates in persons 15 to 24 years of age are reduced globally. Prevalence in this age group should be reduced by 25 per cent in the most affected countries by 2005, and reduced by 25 per cent globally by 2010.

b) International law relevant to adolescents right to health i. Convention on the Rights of Child (CRC)One of the most important pieces of international law protecting adolescents right to SRH is the Convention on the Rights of Child (CRC). This Convention was ratified by China in 1992 and applies to young people under 18 years old. Article 24.1- Parties recognize the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to facilities for the treatment of illness and rehabilitation of health. States Parties shall strive to ensure that no child is deprived of his or her right of access to such health care services. Article 24.2 - Parties shall pursue full implementation of this right and, in particular, shall take appropriate measures: . . . (d) To ensure appropriate pre-natal and postnatal health care for mothers; . . . (f) To develop preventive health care, guidance for parents and family planning education and services In General Comment 4 on Adolescent Health, the Committee expands upon Article 24 of the Convention, which protects adolescents right to health. In this comment they specify, among many other things, that adolescents have the right to access sexual and reproductive health information regardless of their marital status and whether their parents or guardians consent ( 28).

Adolescents of sufficient maturity have the same rights to privacy and confidentiality with respect to health care counseling and advice as adults. As such, health care providers cannot disclose information about this counseling to others (including parents) without adolescents consent, or under the same circumstances where violating this right would apply to adults ( 11, 32). Adolescents, who are mature enough to receive confidential counseling, are also entitled to privacy and to request confidential health care services, including treatment and sexual and reproductive health services, without third-party consent ( 11, 32-33).

The Convention also note that governments must take certain actions to protect adolescents right to SRH, including to: provide adolescents with access to sexual and reproductive information, including on family planning and contraceptives, the dangers of early pregnancy, the prevention of HIV/AIDS and the prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) ( 28) develop effective [HIV/AIDS/STI] prevention programs, including measures aimed at changing cultural views about adolescents need for contraception and STD prevention and addressing cultural and other taboos surrounding adolescent sexuality ( 30) develop and implement programs that provide access to sexual and reproductive health services, including family planning, contraception and safe abortion services where abortion is not against the law, adequate and comprehensive obstetric care and counseling ( 31); Take measures to remove all barriers hindering the access of adolescents to information, preventive measures such as condoms, and care. ( 30)ii. Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)The CEDAW Committee notes in General Recommendation 24 on Women and Health that the term women in CEDAW also refers to adolescent girls.. In the concluding observations of CEDAW, it is stated that governments have the obligation to ensure that adolescent girls have access to SRH information and services. China ratified CEDAW in 1980.

iii. International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)In General Comment 14 on the Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health, The Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Committee notes that the principle of non-discrimination protects adolescents right to health and guarantees their equal access to health services. The Committee also emphasizes adolescents rights to confidentiality. The Convenant was ratified by China in 2001.

CYN Advocacy Strategy Plan1. Current ASRH Situation in Chinai) Current situationChinese youth are becoming more and more open-minded about sexuality. Many youth now believe that losing their virginity before marriage is not a big deal, and are open to pre-marital sex. However, the majority of youth have only fragmentary SRH knowledge, which is at times incorrect. This is largely because they tend to access SRH knowledge from informal sources such as the Internet, movies, magazines. There is little formal SRH health education for youth in and out-of-school. As result youth are facing significant sexual and reproductive health risks in current China. They are increasingly vulnerable to STI/HIV infection, unwanted pregnancies and sexual violence. ii) Barriers to ASRH health and rights Cultural context: China is a relatively conservative country, so people often refrain from talking about SRH issues freely. Most people wont talk about such issues in public or in the family. Parents rarely talk about SRH with their children, because many believe that children will naturally know what they need to know when they grow up. Youth accessing incomplete and inaccurate information: The conservative cultural environment has led to young peoples preference for getting SRH information by watching TV, reading books or magazines, Internet etc. Most of them often feel shy or embarrassed to talk about SRH issues with peers and friends, let alone their teachers or parents. Problematically, after reading several books or watching a few films, some youth believe their SRH knowledge is adequate and formal SRH education is unnecessary. Lack of formal comprehensive SRH education: ASRH education is not part of the curriculum at universities. Senior and junior middle schools teach some basic SRH knowledge, but this often focuses more on reproductive anatomy, and does not include other important aspects sexual education like sexual development, reproductive health, interpersonal relationships, socio-cultural environment and gender relations. Limited legislative and policy environment: There is no policy requiring the provision of SRH services to unmarried youth. Family planning services have traditionally been provided to married couples in China, which has resulted in a clear gap in services. Low awareness of the need for peer education and YFS: Largely due to a lack of awareness of the benefits of tailing services to youth, the utilization of YFS at MCH/FP clinics remains low. Peer education is also not a popular strategy for educating youth about SRH issues.iii) Unmet need

Based on the information above, CYN believe that there is an unmet need for advocacy that raises the awareness of the importance of ensuring that youth have access to peer education and YFS. CYN Advocacy PlanBased on the steps outlined in the first section, this section will map out CYNs strategic plan for advocating for ASRH and rights in China.

STEP 1: DEFINE THE ISSUE

2. Current Issues for CYN to Advocate

Issue 1: Schools do not place much importance on ASRH and rights. Out-of-school youth, including youth working in factories, clubs, receive little comprehensive SRH education. For both in and out-of-school youth, the awareness of the need for formal comprehensive SRH education is limited. Issue 2 : ,Current the ASRH curriculum used schools received well by young people due to its inappropriate contents, approaches and teaching methods. Issue 3: Meanwhile, many youth believe that they dont need any formal ASRH education because they can get SRH knowledge through informal channels like magazines, movies, and the internet, etc.Issue 4: There is a severe lack of relevant laws, policies, and legislations relating to SRH services for unmarried youth. Of particular concern is the lack of attention to vulnerable youth like young migrants. SRH services are traditionally provided to married people and the utility of such services among youth remains low. STEP 2: SET GOAL & OBJECTIVESOverall Goal : To ensure that all young peoples voices can be heard and all youth can enjoy their rights to SRH information and education, and YFS in China.Objectives

1) To establish and maintain active dialogue with relevant government departments and non-government organizations (NGOs)2) To advocate for the Ministry of Education and schools to improve the content and teaching methods of the current SRH curriculum so that it meets the needs of youth.

3) To ensure youth are informed about the importance of formal comprehensive SRH education, which will ensure the correct SRH information and knowledge.4) To advocate for decision-makers to promote the enactment of laws which improve the rights of for unmarried youth to access SRH services. 5) Call on government and NGOs to provide high quality YSF, particularly focused for unmarried youth.STEPS 3, 4 & 5: IDENTIFY TARGET AUDIENCES; DEVELOP THE MESSAGES & SELECT CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION

These three steps have been combined in the sections below. Each objective the following is identified: target audience, key messages, key activities. The final section summarizes the main channels of communication.3. Specific Advocacy Plan for ObjectivesObjective 1: To establish and maintain active dialogue with relevant government departments and NGOs. Target Audiences:1) Primary audienceNational Population and Family Planning Commission (NPFPC), Ministry of Education (MoE), Ministry of Health (MoH), CFPA. 2) Secondary audience: Directors of relevant departments at the local level, school principals, factory managers, community leaders etc.

Key Messages:

Do you want youth in China to be healthy and happy? How can they be healthy and happy if they are experiencing things like unplanned pregnancies? Step up the SRH education and bring them real happiness.

Unplanned pregnancy among youth is unnecessary and avoidable. Providing contraceptive services to youth will reduce unplanned pregnancies.

We need laws to ensure all youth can access SRH education and services. You are a decision maker and your actions will influence the future of youth. The earlier actions are taken the better.

Specific Activities:Activity 1.1: Maintain regular contact with international organizations and global youth organizations (including International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), Youth Coalition, UNESCO, and UNFPA) to exchange ideas and get support.Activity 1.2: Make speeches at multi-sector collaboration meetings.

Activity 1.3: Write letters to both national governments (e.g. NPFPC, MOE, MOH) and local governments, advocating for increased formal SRH education for young people.Activity 1.4: Collect data on the current ASRH situations both in and out of schools. Use the information collected to articulate urgent concerns to the target audience.Objective 2: To advocate for the Ministry of Education and schools to improve the content and teaching methods of the current SRH curriculum so that it meets the needs of youth.

Target Audiences:1) Primary audiencePrincipals of schools, Ministry/bureau of Education. 2) Secondary audience: Related government organizations (GOs) and NGOs such as NPFPC, CFPA, Youth league etc.Key Messages:

Youth are entitled access to high-quality SRH education and information. Youth have the right to enjoy a healthy, safe and enjoyable sex life.Specific Activities:

Activity 2.1: Collect data and information on SRH education in schools. Activity 2.2: Write letters to school principals on the importance of formal comprehensive SRH education.Activity 2.3: Talk to youth to find out their views on young peoples needs for ASRH education Activity 2.4:Based on report on ASRH needs, advocate for educators to adapt their teaching methods to young peoples needs. This could be through letter writing and speech making.Activity 2.5: Based on report on ASRH needs, advocate for relevant GOs to adapt school curriculums to ensure high-quality SRH education for students. Based on ASRH needs advocate for NGOS to ensure high-quality SRH education for out-of-school youth.Objective 3: To ensure youth are informed about the importance of formal comprehensive SRH education, which will ensure the correct SRH information and knowledge. Target Audiences:1) Primary audienceYoung people and adolescents.2) Secondary audience: Relevant GOs and NGOs involved with ASRH (e.g CFPA, NPFPC, etc.)Key Messages:. There are many unnecessary unplanned pregnancies each year in China. You might think you know how to prevent pregnancy, but these women also thought they knew how. Its important to know the correct information. It can be embarrassing to talk about SRH, but think how much more embarrassing it would be to tell your parents you or your partner is pregnant. You think you know everything about SRH? Do you know how to use a condom correctly? Can you list several contraceptive methods? Do you know how to reject a person who wants to have sex with you if you dont want to have sex with them? SRH education can help you learn these things.Specific Activities:

Activity 3.1: Organize public activities like campus talks to persuade youth to choose to undertake formal SRH education like peer education.Activity 3.2: Disseminate promotional materials on the benefits of SRH services to youth through school activities or life trainings activities among out-school youth to encourage youth to make an initially visit.Objective 4: To advocate for decision-makers to promote the enactment of laws which improve the rights of for unmarried youth to access SRH services. Target Audiences:1) Primary audience: The Peoples Congress, political advisors.2) Secondary audience: Relevant GOs and NGOs e.g. Minister of Education, Minister of Health, NPFPC, CFPA, Youth League, etc.

Key Messages:

All youth have the right to access to high-quality YFS. It is critical to provide SRH services for youth Government leadership, including changes in legislation and policy, are the only way to ensure that real sustainable changes occur. Specific Activities:

Activity 4.1: Produce a report on the current ASRH situations and challenges in China to demonstrate the impact of the current limited policy and legislative environment.Activity 4.2: Establish and maintain active dialogue with political advisors and convey the changes that need to be made on laws and regulations on the SRH rights of youth.Activity 4.3: Through letter writing and meetings, advocate for related GOs to monitor the implementation of existing laws and regulations.Objective 5: Call on government and NGOs to provide high quality YSF, particularly focused for unmarried youth and migrants.Target Audiences:1) Primary audienceRelevant GOs and NGOs (e.g. MoE, MOH, CFPA, NPFPC, etc.) 2) Secondary audience: Clinics and hospitals Key Messages:

Unmarried youth have the rights to get more systematic sexual and reproductive health services. The existing clinic and hospital should provide service not only for married people but also for unmarried youthSpecific Activities:

Activity 5.1: Participate in multi-sector collaboration meetings and call on relevant organizations to provide regular services to youth, especially unmarried youth and migrants.Activity 5.2: Write letters to MOH requesting them to promote the monitoring and evaluation of SRH services for youth.4. Key Channels for Communication: Engagement of decision-makers and potential supporters through meetings and activities Letter-writing to the target audiences

Make speeches at multi-sector collaboration meetings

Collect data to demonstrate ASRH concerns and key messages Organize a petition paper to send to target audiences,

Promote negotiations with the target audiences.STEP 6: BUILD SUPPORT

CYN will work actively to build support for its causes amount, government, non government, community, local and other organizations.

STEP 7: MOBILIZE RESOURCES

CYN is currently the recipient of significant financial resources from UNFPA under the CP6 project which will end in 2010. These resources will allow many planned advocacy activities be undertaken. In the future CYN will be considering other ways to mobilize resources to undertake further advocacy.STEP 8: IMPLEMENT THE PLAN

The activities outlined above will be considered in the implementation of 2010 activities and future annual work plans will take these advocacy priorities into consideration.

STEP 9: COLLECT DATA

As reliable information will be critical to persuading key decision makers of CYNs key messages, data collection will often be the first step in many of the activities. Accurate records will be kept of all advocacy activities so that monitoring and evaluation (Step 10) can be completed based on evidence. STEP 10: MONITOR AND EVALUATEThe data collected above can be analysed after activity completion to determine which advocacy activities were successful and which was not. The following logframe can also be used as a monitoring and evaluation tool.5. Monitoring and Evaluation: LogframeOutputs/ActivitiesIndicatorsMeans of VerificationRisks

Goal

To ensure that all young peoples voices can be heard and all youth can enjoy their rights to SRH information and education, and YFS in ChinaYouth can enjoy high quality SRH information and services Survey results of youth confirming that their needs are being metThe below activities may not be sufficient to achieve the goal

Objective 1: To establish and maintain active dialogue with relevant government departments and NGOs. CYN members are invited to at least 2 meetings per year with GOs.

Meeting minutes Meeting participants

CYN members may not be invited to any meetings limiting chances for active dialogue

Activity 1.1

Maintain regular contact with international organizations and global youth organizations to exchange ideas and get supportActivity 1.2

Make speeches at multi-sector collaboration meetingsActivity 1.3

Write letters to both national governments (e.g. NPFPC, MOE, MOH) and local governments, advocating for increased formal SRH education for young peopleActivity 1.4:Collect data on the current ASRH situations both in and out of schools. Use the information collected to articulate urgent concerns to the target audience.

CYN members make contact with these organizations at least once per quarter throughout the year2 speeches made at multi-sector meetings per yearLetters finalized, and sent to each department 4 times per yearData collected annually among 100 out-of- school youth and 100 in- school youth. The result is announced to the target audience through CYNs website.

Working reports, Communication records e.g. E-mails.

Meeting minutes from multi-sector meetings.

Copies of speechesCopies of letters and responses where applicableData on in and out-of- school youth Survey report, including copy of questionnaire usedPress release on announcementCurrent contacts within these organizations may change and support and contact with CYN members may be reduced

Speeches, letters and data may fail to change existing attitudes

Objective 2: To advocate for the Ministry of Education and schools to improve the content and teaching methods of the current SRH curriculum so that it meets the needs of youth.

Educators arrange formal SRH education for youth according to their needs.Young peoples confirmation that SRH education meets their needs.

Activity 2.1

Collect data and information of SRH education in schools Activity 2.2

Write letters to school principals on the importance of formal comprehensive SRH education.Activity 2.3Talk to youth to find out their views on young peoples needs for ASRH education

Activity 2.4

Based on ASRH needs, advocate for educators to adapt their teaching methods to youths needs. This can be done through letter writing and speech writing.Activity 2.5:Based on report of ASRH needs, advocate for relevant GOs to adapt school curriculums to ensure high-quality SRH education for students. Based on report of ASRH needs advocate for NGOs to ensure high-quality SRH education for out-of-school youth.Data and information collected at 20 schools.Letters sent to at least 30 school principals 100 youth interviewed annually 50 letters sent4 speeches madeReport developed and submitted to GOs and NGOs.Report including survey methods used and results.Copies of the letters and any replies receivedInterviews on youths needs for SRH educationCopies of letters and any replies received

Copies of speeches and meeting minutesEmails with report attached

Reply or confirmation of report from the GOs and NGOs.The 20 schools surveyed may not be representative of all schools in China

The school principles may continue to ignore the issues

Views of these youth may not be representative of all of China.Educators may ignore requests to changeGOs and NGOs may be unwilling to assist

Objective 3. To ensure youth are informed about the importance of formal comprehensive SRH education, which will ensure the correct SRH information and knowledge.

Young people informed about the importance of formal SRH education. Changed attitudes among youth based on survey resultsActivities may not be enough to change attitudes of youth

Activity 3.1

Organize public activities like campus talks to persuade youth to choose to undertake formal SRH education like peer education.Activity 3.2

Disseminate promotional materials on the benefits of SRH services to youth through school activities or life trainings activities among out-school youth to encourage youth to make an initially visit.

Public activities competed such as 510 campus talks conducted annually.Peer education available as needed

Materials developed

1000 materials distributed through school activities1000 materials distributed through life trainings

Activity reports,

Feedback of participants.Copies of materials

Distribution records for school activities

Distribution records for life trainings

Campus talks , IEC Materials and peer education may fail to convince youth that formal SRH is needed

Objective 4.

To advocate to decision-makers to promote the enactment of laws which improve the right of unmarried youth to access SRH services

3 key messages sent to policy/decision makers about how laws can be changedCopies of letters sent and reply or confirmation if receivedPolicy/decision makers may continue to ignore this issue

Activity 4.1

Produce a report on the current ASRH situations and challenges in China to demonstrate the impact of the current limited policy and legislative environment.Activity 4.2

Establish and maintain active dialogue with political advisors and convey the changes that need to be made on laws and regulations on the SRH rights of youth..Activity 4.3.Through letter writing and meetings, advocate for related GOs to monitor the implementation of existing laws and regulations.

Report developed.Report sent to at least 5 key members of the People Congress or political advisorsConcerns articulated

through annual activity 2 speeches

10 letters

Attendance at 4 meetings

Final Report..Communication records such as emails or postal receipts

Official feedback from political advisors or members of the Peoples Congress.-Meeting records,

-Submitted letters,

-Reply letters of official document of GOs-Copies of speeches

Objective 5. Call on government and NGOs to provide high quality YSF, particularly focused for unmarried youth and migrants..

20 SRH services are rated by youth as high quality and youth friendly Evidence of quality and youth friendliness of services

Activity 5.1

Participate in multi-sector collaboration meetings and call on relevant organizations to provide regular and services to youth especially unmarried youth and migrants.Activity 5.2

Write letters to MOH requesting them to promote the monitoring and evaluation of SRH services for youth.

Youth participate in the multi-sector collaboration meetings expressing young peoples viewpoints.

Letter finalized.

Meeting records,Reports and pictures.

The final letter,

The confirmation/reply letter from MOH/MOE.

See AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior and Practices: A Survey of 6 Chinese Cities, China HIV/AIDS Media Partnership & UNAIDS, 2008.

See Cheng Y, Gno X, Li Y, Li S, Qu A, Kang B: Repeated induced abortions and contraceptive practices among unmarried young women seeking an abortion in China ,International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Nov.2004, 87(2): 199-202

Adapted from A2 Analysis & Advocacy: Advocacy Manual, Annex 1

Adapted from IPPF advocacy training material: Hand-out--Steps For Effective Advocacy

These references to not correspond with the articles in the text of the Convention of the Rights of the Child.

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