ae bw reporting and analysis

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8/13/2019 Ae Bw Reporting and Analysis http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ae-bw-reporting-and-analysis 1/65 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................1 2. STARTING BEX QUERY DESIGNER...................................................................................................2 2.1 BEX QUERY DESIGNER  FUNCTIONS .......................................................................................................2 2.2 I  NFOPROVIDER  IN THE QUERY DESIGNER ..............................................................................................4 2.3 CREATING A QUERY...............................................................................................................................5 2.4 S EARCHING  F OR  A Q UERY .....................................................................................................................7 2.5 CHANGING A QUERY..............................................................................................................................7 2.6 DATA FILTERS I  N QUERY DEFINITION...................................................................................................8 2.7 I  NSERTING TEXT ELEENTS IN BEX A  NALY!ER  R EPORTS..................................................................1" 3. RESTRICTED AND CALCULATED EY !IGURES.......................................................................12 3.1 DEFINING R ESTRICTED # EY FIGURES..................................................................................................12 3.2 SELECTION CONDITIONS FOR  THE SELECTION OF FILTER  VALUES......................................................16 3.3 FORULATING SELECTION CONDITIONS ..............................................................................................17 3.4 CALCULATED # EY FIGURES.................................................................................................................2" 3.5 BOOLEAN OPERATORS..........................................................................................................................25 3.6 PROPERTIES OF # EY FIGURES...............................................................................................................26 ". C#ARACTERISTICS.............................................................................................................................2$ 4.1 CHARACTERISTICS  PROPERTIES............................................................................................................28 4.2 ATTRIBUTES..........................................................................................................................................2$ %. #IERARC#IES........................................................................................................................................31 5.1 HIERARCHICAL POSITION OF CHARACTERISTICS  AND # EY FIGURES...................................................31 5.2 SELECTING EXTERNAL HIERARCHIES...................................................................................................31 5.3 I  NCLUDING HIERARCHIES IN R EPORTS.................................................................................................32 &. 'ARIABLES.............................................................................................................................................3% 6.1 CHARACTERISTIC VALUE VARIABLES..................................................................................................35 6.2 TEXT VARIABLES..................................................................................................................................38 6.3 FORULA VARIABLES..........................................................................................................................3$ 6.4 V ARIABLE  P ROCESSING  T YPES .............................................................................................................3$ 6.5 CREATING VARIABLES..........................................................................................................................4" 6.6 CHANGING VARIABLES IN THE VARIABLE EDITOR ..............................................................................45 6.7 USING THE VARIABLE OFFSET.............................................................................................................47 (. QUERY DE!INITION )RO)ERTIES.................................................................................................."* 7.1 QUERY PROPERTIES..............................................................................................................................4$ 7.2 QUERY %HERE&USED LIST...................................................................................................................53 7.3 DELETING QUERY OB'ECTS..................................................................................................................53  (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ ,

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Page 1: Ae Bw Reporting and Analysis

8/13/2019 Ae Bw Reporting and Analysis

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Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................1

2. STARTING BEX QUERY DESIGNER...................................................................................................2

2.1 BEX QUERY DESIGNER  FUNCTIONS.......................................................................................................22.2 I NFOPROVIDER  IN THE QUERY DESIGNER ..............................................................................................42.3 CREATING A QUERY...............................................................................................................................5

2.4 SEARCHING FOR  A QUERY.....................................................................................................................72.5 CHANGING A QUERY..............................................................................................................................72.6 DATA FILTERS I N QUERY DEFINITION...................................................................................................82.7 I NSERTING TEXT ELEENTS IN BEX A NALY!ER  R EPORTS..................................................................1"

3. RESTRICTED AND CALCULATED EY !IGURES.......................................................................12

3.1 DEFINING R ESTRICTED # EY FIGURES..................................................................................................123.2 SELECTION CONDITIONS FOR  THE SELECTION OF FILTER  VALUES......................................................163.3 FORULATING SELECTION CONDITIONS..............................................................................................173.4 CALCULATED # EY FIGURES.................................................................................................................2"3.5 BOOLEAN OPERATORS..........................................................................................................................253.6 PROPERTIES OF # EY FIGURES...............................................................................................................26

". C#ARACTERISTICS.............................................................................................................................2$

4.1 CHARACTERISTICS PROPERTIES............................................................................................................284.2 ATTRIBUTES..........................................................................................................................................2$

%. #IERARC#IES........................................................................................................................................31

5.1 HIERARCHICAL POSITION OF CHARACTERISTICS AND # EY FIGURES...................................................315.2 SELECTING EXTERNAL HIERARCHIES...................................................................................................315.3 I NCLUDING HIERARCHIES IN R EPORTS.................................................................................................32

&. 'ARIABLES.............................................................................................................................................3%

6.1 CHARACTERISTIC VALUE VARIABLES..................................................................................................356.2 TEXT VARIABLES..................................................................................................................................386.3 FORULA VARIABLES..........................................................................................................................3$

6.4 VARIABLE PROCESSING TYPES.............................................................................................................3$6.5 CREATING VARIABLES..........................................................................................................................4"6.6 CHANGING VARIABLES IN THE VARIABLE EDITOR ..............................................................................456.7 USING THE VARIABLE OFFSET.............................................................................................................47

(. QUERY DE!INITION )RO)ERTIES.................................................................................................."*

7.1 QUERY PROPERTIES..............................................................................................................................4$7.2 QUERY %HERE&USED LIST...................................................................................................................537.3 DELETING QUERY OB'ECTS..................................................................................................................53

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ ,

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$. EXCE)TIONS..........................................................................................................................................%"

8.1 CREATING EXCEPTIONS........................................................................................................................548.2 CHANGING AND DELETING EXCEPTIONS..............................................................................................57

*. CONDITIONS...........................................................................................................................................%*

$.1 DEFINING CONDITIONS.........................................................................................................................5$

$.2 CHANGING AND DELETING CONDITIONS..............................................................................................62

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ ,,

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I-/0,0-

1. Introduction

T+ /0+ 0 , 0+- , 0 /09,+ )-):; <, ) *,+ 0 + -,0- )9),:)=:+ ,- +BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 00:. P:+)+ /++/ 0 + B,-+ %)/+0+ E-&U+/ R+0/,-* V1."0+- 0/ 0/+ ,-0/),0- 0- + =), -)9,*),0-): -,0- <,,- + BE> A-):;?+/.

T+ /,)/; 00: )9),:)=:+ ,- SAP B% 0/ /+0/,-* )/+ + BE> B/0<+/@ BE> A-):;?+/ )-+ BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/. T+ BE> B/0<+/ 0/*)-,?+ + /+0/ )9),:)=:+ 0 + +/ ,- 0:+/ =)+ 0- +,/ /0:+ ,- + 0/*)-,?),0-. O-+ ) /+0/ ) =++- :0)+ , , +- +>++ ,- +BE> A-):;?+/@ <, , )- )&,- 0 S E>+:. T+ /+0/ )/+ 00+ 0 ) :+) 0-+ +/;<, )- =+ +>++ ,- ) <+= =/0<+/ ,- ),,0- 0 + BE> A-):;?+/. T+ +/,+ )/+ /+)+,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/.

%+- ) +/; +,-,,0- , +>++@ + =+ 0 )) -+++ =; + +/; , +:++ /0 +I-0C=+. T, =+ 0 )) , -0<- ) + Q+/; C)+ 0/ Q+/; C=+ )- , /+)+ ,-+0/; 0/ +/0/)-+ /+)0-. A + )-):;, , )//,+ 0@ ,+/+- 9,+< 0 + )) /0+ Q+/; C=+ )/+ :,+ 0 + /+0/,-* 00: ) /+++ =; + +/. T++ 9,+< /+/++-

,+/+- /,::0<-@ ,:+/ +:+,0-@ )- 0 0/.

T+ 0::0<,-* +,0- +/,=+ + ,+/+- +)/+ )- -,0-):,,+ )9),:)=:+ <,,- + BE>Q+/; D+,*-+/ 0/ /+),-* )-):;, +/,+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 1

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

2. Starting BEx Query Designer 

2.1 BEx Query Designer Functions

T+ 0::0<,-* ,)*/) 0< + -,0- )9),:)=:+ <,,- + BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/. T+,-,9,): -,0- )/+ +>:),-+ =+:0<.

Quit and Use Query  E>, + Q+/; D+,*-+/ 0 + + +,-+ +/;

  Exit Query  L+)9+ + Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

  Display Query on the Web  D,:); + +,-+ +/; ,- ) )-)/ 9,+< 0- + <+=

  New Query  C/+)+ ) -+< +/; =; )/,-* + BE> O+- ,):0*

  Open Query  O+- + BE> O+- ,):0* 0 )+ +>,,-* +/,+ /0  History,

Favorites, 0/  Roles :,,-*

  Save Query  S0/+ ) 0,,+ +/; -+/ + )+ //+- +-,): -)+. I + +/;) -0 =++- *,9+- ) +-,): -)+@ +- + ;+ )0),)::; /00/ ) +-,): -)+ )- +/,,0- =+0/+ )9,-* + +/; +,-,,0-.

  Save Query s  S)9+ ) +/; -+/ ) -+< +-,): -)+. T+ +/; )- =+ )9+ ,-0F)90/,+ 0/ + R0:+ 0:+/.

  Delete Query  D+:++ ) +/;. T+ +/; ); =+ +:++ 0-:; , , , -0 + ,- <0/,-*0:+/@ %+= T+:)+@ C/;): R+0/ 0/ R+0/,-* A*+- +,-*.

  Ex!eption  D+,-+ ) +/; +>+,0-. E>+,0- )/+ +,-+ 0/ +; ,*/+ 9):+@ <,)/+ 0:0/ 0+ ,- + +/; /+:. C:,,-* 0- + ):: )//0< =+,+ ++>+,0- ;=0: )::0< )-*+ 0 +>+,0- )- 0/ +,-+ -+< +>+,0-.

  "ondition   A::0< +:+,0- 0 )) =)+ 0- +; ,*/+ 9):+ :,,@ +.*. ):: /-09+/,*/+ -+/ 0/ 09+/ ) +,,+ :,, 9):+. I- + +/; + +:++)/)+/,, <, ,:+/+ 0/ :,,+ +; ,*/+ 9):+ )/+ ,-,)+.C:,,-* 0- + ):: )//0< =+,+ + 0-,,0- ;=0: )::0< )-*+ 00-,,0- )- 0/ +,-+ -+< 0-,,0-.

  De#ine "ells  D+,-+ +>:,, 0/:) )- +:+,0- 0-,,0- 0/ +::. T, 09+//,+ +9):+ 0 +:: <, /+: ) + -,0- 0 + /00 +:++-@ ),-* ,

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 2

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

 0,=:+ 0 ),*- +,): 9):+ 0 ,-,9,): +::. T, -,0- , )9),:)=:+0-:; 0/ +/,+ <, <0 +; ,*/+ //+ +,-+.

Query $roperties  C)-*+ + +/,,0- 0 + +/; 0/ )+ )-*+ 0 + 0/) 0/+:@ 9)/,0 ,-,)0/ 0,0-@ -=+/ /+/++-),0- )- ?+/0/+,0-.

 "he!% Query  C+ + Q+/; +,-,,0- 0/ +//0/ =+0/+ )9,-* ) -+< 0/ )-*+ +/;.

  Query Where&Used 'ist   D++/,-+ ,- <, 0=+ <0/,-* 0:+/@ %+= T+:)+@C/;): R+0/ 0/ /+0/ )*+- +,-* , +/; , +.

 Query Display () "han*e  S<,+ =+<++- D,:); 0+ )- C)-*+ 0+

  "han*e Query +lobal De#inition-  S<,+ 0 + G:0=): D+,-,,0- /0 + L0):Q+/; D+,-,,0- 0+.

 .able Display  S<,+ ) +/; =+<++- OLAP /+0/,-* )- )=:)/ /+0/,-*. I )-0-:; =+ + ,- +/,+ 0-),-,-* 0-+ +; ,*/+ //+. Q+/,+ <,<0 //+ )- 0-:; =+ 0<- ,-* OLAP /+0/,-*.

 .e!hni!al Na/e  T/- + ,:); 0 + +/; 00-+- +-,): -)+ 0- )- 0.

 "ontext 0enu  )+ 0,=:+ + ,:); 0 + 0-+> +- <,0 ,-* + /,*0+ =0- +.*. 0/ + <, ) 0 /++- ,:);.

  Help  D,:); + 0-:,-+ 0+-),0- 0 B,-+ I-0/),0- %)/+0+ <, +B,-+ E>:0/+/ +,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 3

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

2.2 InfoProvider in the Query Designer 

I-0P/09,+/ )/+ 0=+ 0/ <, SAP B% +/,+ )- =+ /+)+. O=+ ,-:+ I-0C=+@ODS O=+ )- I-0O=+ )/)+/,, <, )/,=+ 0/ +>.

1.  1n#o"ubes

A- I-0C=+ , + +-/): )-):;, 0=+ 0/ /+0/ )*),- )**/+*)+ 0-0:,)+ )).A- I-0C=+ , +,-+ /0 ) /+0/,-* 9,+<0,- ) ) :0+ 90:+ 0 )) +.*. )-,-++-+- + 0 )) ) , ,+ +,,. T, 90:+ 0 )) )- =+ +9):)+ <, BE>+/;.

2. ODS Ob2e!t 

T+ ODS 0=+ 0-),- 0-0:,)+ )- :+)-+ )) 0- ) +),:+ )0, :+9+:. F0//+0/,-* /0+@ + ODS 0=+ )- /09,+ ,-0/),0- ) + ,-,9,): /)-),0-0+- :+9+:.

ODS 0=+ )/+ )9),:)=:+ =0 0/ /)-),0- )) )- 0/ )+/ )). T+ )) )- =++9):)+ <, BE> +/;.

3.   C+a,a-te,st- InfoOb/e-t

C)/)+/,, I-0O=+ )- )9+ )=:+ ,-0 <, + )+/ )) ,-0/),0- )/,=+@+>@ ,+/)/,+ /0 + 0/+ ;+ )/+ :0)+.

4. 0lt),oe,

A :,P/09,+/ -,+ )) /0 +9+/): I-0P/09,+/ )- )+ , )9),:)=:+ 0/ /+0/,-*.T+ :,P/09,+/ 0-),- -0 )) ,+:. T+ )) 0+ +>:,9+:; /0 + -+/:;,-*I-0P/09,+/. I )- 0-, 0 )/=,/)/; 0=,-),0- 0 I-0P/09,+/.

%. InfoCbe Ele4ents

A0/,-* 0 , :,&,+-,0-): //+ %ey #i*ures )/+ +,-+ ,- )- I-0C=+@ )-)/+ )+,=:+ /0 +,/ 0<- 0:+/ ,- + Q+/; D+,*-+/.

"hara!teristi!s )/+ 0- */0+ ,- +,/ )0,)+  Di/ensions.

A )/)+/,, <,:: )9+ /+/ +-/,+ ,- + +:+,0- /++ 0/ 00-,-* ,-0/),0- ,

+ )/)+/,, , 00-+ <, )-0+/ )/)+/,,.

F/0 + :,,-* 0/  ttributes, "hara!teristi! 3alue 3ariables )-  3alues, ;0 )-/)* 0+/ +:++- ,-0 + +/; +,-,,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 4

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

2.3 Creating Query

1. S+:+ New Query  0 +,-+ ) -+< +/; ,- Q+/; D+,*-+/.

2. I- + ,):0* <,-0<  New Query4 Sele!t 1n#o$rovider   +:+ + +,/+I-0P/09,+/.

3. A+/ +:+,-* + I-0P/09,+/@ + Q+/; D+,*-+/ , ,:);+ <, + +:++I-0P/09,+/.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 5

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

4. T+ Q+/; D+,*-+/ , )//)-*+ ,-0 ,> <,-0<

A C0-+- /++ 0 + +:++ I-0P/09,+/. A+/ +:+,-* + +,/+ I-0P/09,+/@ )::)9),:)=:+ 0=+ ,+-,0-@ +; ,*/+@ //+ )/+ /+/++-+ ) ) /++ //+,- + :+ 0:- 0 + Q+/; D+,*-+/.

B D+,-+ + C0:- 0 + /+0/C D+,-+ + R0< 0 + /+0/.

D F/++ C)/)+/,, )/+ )/)+/,, ) )/+ -0 ,-:+ ,- + ,-,,): ,:); 0+/; /+:. T++ )/)+/,, )- =+ ,-+*/)+ ,-0 + +/; /+: =; ,-*,-+/),9+ -)9,*),0- -,0-. T+; )- ):0 =+ + 0/ +:+,0- =; ,:+/ 9):+ ,-+ /+0/.

E T+ )/)+/,, :)+ ,- + ,:+/ <,-0< 0 -0 )+)/ ,- + ,-,,): 9,+< 0/ ,- +-)9,*),0-): )/+) 0 + +/; /+:. T+; +/9+ ) *:0=): ,:+/ + +>:,9+:; 0/,:+/,-* + )) /0 + I-0P/09,+/.

F P/+9,+< 0< ) /+9,+< 0 + +/; /+: 0/).

5. A+/ ) +/; ) =++- +,-+@ + +,-,,0- )- =+ )9+ <, +,+/  Save

Query 0/  Save Query s =0- 0- + 00:=)/. I ;0 )9+ -0 ):/+); )9+ + +/;+,-,,0-@ ;0 )/+ /0+ 0 :; + +/; +/,,0- )- ) -,+ +-,): -)+. I-

),,0-@ ;0 )- +:+ + 0/)*+ )/+) R0:+@ F)90/,+. %,  Save Query s ;0 )-)9+ )- +>,,-* +/; -+/ )-0+/ -)+.

6. Y0 )- +>++ ) +/; ,+,)+:; =; +:+,-* Quit and Use Query. I ;0, -0 )9+ + +/; =+0/+ ;+@ ;0 )/+ /0+ 0/ + +/; +/,,0- )- +-,):-)+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 6

A

B

C

D

E

F

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

7. A+/ ;0 )9+ )9+ + +/;@ ;0 )-

• E>++ + +/; ,-* + BE> A-):;?+/ =; +:+,-* Quit and Use Query

• V,+< + +/; /+: ,- ) )-)/ 9,+< ,-* ) %+= =/0<+/ =; +:+,-*

 Display Query on the Web

U+ + +/; ) ) D)) P/09,+/ 0/ %+= ,+ ,- + %+= A:,),0- D+,*-+/ • U+ + )=:)/ /+/++-),0- ) )) 0/+ 0/ 0/)+ /+0/ ,- C/;):

R+0/

2.! Searching For Query

1. O- +  Sele!t Query  ,):0* =0>@ :, 0- +  Sear!h  =0- 0 +)/ 0/ )+,, +/;.

2. E-+/ + +-,): -)+ 0/ + +/,,0- 0 + +/; ,- + ,):0*  Sear!h #or

Queries.

%+- ;0 + + S+)/ F-,0-

• I ;0 )/+ ,- + BE> A-):;?+/ )- <,:+ ,- + ,):0*+  Sele!t Query  + +)/

-,0- , )::+@ + +/; /+: , /+/++-+ ) ) BE> A-):;?+/ /+0/.

I ;0 ):: + +)/ -,0- /0 + Query Desi*ner @ + +/; +,-,,0- 0 ++/; ;0 +)/+ 0/ , 0<-.

2." Changing Query

D,+/+- 0,0- )/+ )9),:)=:+ 0 )-*+ ) +/;

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 7

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

1. I ;0 +>++ + Q+/; D+,*-+/@ ;0 ); +:+ ) +/; ,- + ,):0*+ SAP BE>Q+/; S+:+ Q+/;. Y0 )- +:+ ) +/; =)+ 0- + +-,): -)+ 0/ + +/,,0-0 + +/;. I- ),,0-@ + Q+/,+ )/+ :,+ =; I-0A/+) -+/ + /++,9+I-0P/09,+/@ 0 <, + +/; <) +,-+.

2. I- 0/+/ 0 )-*+ + +/; +,-,,0- /0 + BE> A-):;?+/@ <0 0,=,:,,+ )/+

)9),:)=:+

• S+:+ C)-*+ Q+/; G:0=): D+,-,,0-

• S+:+ C)-*+ Q+/; L0): V,+< T+ )-*+ 0-:; )+ + //+-

,:); 0 + +/; /+: )- 0 -0 ):+/ + +/; +,-,,0-.

2.# Data Fi$ters In Query Definition

L,,,-* +:+,0- 0 ) )/)+/,, )- =+ 0-+ )-;<+/+ + )/)+/,, , + ,- ++/; +,-,,0-.

T+/+ )/+ <0 <); 0 :,, + +:+,0- 0 )/)+/,, 9):+

1. B; 00,-* ) )/)+/,, 0 + I-0P/09,+/ ,- + /++ //+ 0<- 0- + :+0:- 0 + Q+/; D+,*-+/ /++- )- 0=:+ :,,-* + 9):+ ;=0:@ ;0 <,:: )++ +:+,0- +- 0/ ,>+ 9):+. T+/+ ;0 )- +:+ ,-,9,): 9):+ 0/ ) /)-*+ 09):+. T+ +:++ ,>+ 9):+ <,:: +- )+)/ ,- + /++ //+ -+/ + )/)+/,,)- )- =+ /)**+ )- /0+ ,-0 + +/; +,-,,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 8

S+:+ ,-,9,):0/ /)-*+ 0 9):+/0 V):+ L,

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

2. A )/)+/,, ) , ):/+); ,- + +/; +,-,,0- )- =+ /+/,+ ) <+::. R,*:, 0- + )/)+/,, 0 ):: + 0-+> +- )- +:+ R+/,. Y0 <,:: =+ /0+<, + +:+,0- ,):0*+ 0/ + )/)+/,,.

3. I- + :+ <,-0< )/+ ):: )9),:)=:+ )/)+/,, 9):+ ) )- =+ +:++@ <,:+ ,- +/,* <,-0< )/+ + +:++ )/)+/,, 9):+ 0/ :,,,-* + )/)+/,,. T0 +:++ )/)+/,,@ )/ + )/0/,)+ 9):+ ,- + :+ )/ 0 + +:+,0- <,-0<. T+:0<+/ :+ )/ 0 + +:+,0- <,-0< )::0< +)/ 0/ +/),- )/)+/,, 9):+ <,

+,+/ + +/,,0- 0/ + +-,): -)+. T+ 0- 9):+ )/+ +- )/+ )0),)::;.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ $

S+:+,0- 0I-,9,): 0/ R)-*+0 V):+

D+,-,,0- 0 V):+R)-*+

V):+ +:+,0- =;D/)*JD/0 0/+:+,0- 0 +

)/+ 9):+ <,+ +: 0 + )//0<,0-

:,:+ +:+,0-<, CTRL K :+0+ =0-S+)/ =;

+-,): -)+)-0/ +/,,0-

P/0+ ++:++ 9):+

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

Y0 )- +,+/ /)* + +:++ 9):+ 0 + /,* ,+ <,-0< 0/ :, 0- + )//0< ,0-.

R+/,,0- 0- )/)+/,, ,- + F/++ C)/)+/,, )/+) ,:: )+ + +/; /+:@+9+- , + /++ )/)+/,, , -0 =+,-* +.

C)/)+/,, ,- + *:0=): ,:+/ 0 -0 )+)/ ,- + ,-,,): 9,+< 0 + +/; /+: 0/ )

/++ )/)+/,,. R+/,,0- :)+ 0- )/)+/,, ,- + F,:+/ )/+) )--0 =+ )-*+0/ -)9,*)+ 0- ,- + )-):;,. T+; +/9+ +>:,9+:; 0 ,:+/ + )) /0 +I-0P/09,+/.

2.% Inserting &ext E$e'ents in BEx na$y(er )e*orts

A- 0,0- , )9),:)=:+ 0 ,-+/ ,+/+- +> +:++- ,-0 + +/; /+: +.*. )0/@ :))-*+ )+@ I-0P/09,+/@ *+-+/),0- ,+@ + 0 ) ),,0-): ,-0/),0-. T++ +>+:++- )/+ )::+ +)+/ ,-0/),0- 0 + +/;.

T0 ,-+/ +> +:++-

1. C00+  'ayout  ,- BE> A-):;?+/ )- Display text ele/ents

2. Y0 )- 00+ 0 +,+/ ,:);  ll text ele/ents 0/  eneral, Filter, 0/ 3ariables

+> +:++-.

3. D+/,,0- 0 T+> E:++-

 uthor   T+ +/ <0 +,-+ + +/; 0/,*,-)::;

 'ast "han*ed by  U+/ <0 :) )-*+ + +/; +,-,,0-. N)9,*),0- + )/+ -0:0**+ ) ) )-*+ 0 + +,-,,0-.

Query .e!hni!al Na/e  T+-,): -)+ 0 + +/;@ ),*-+ <+- + +/; <) ,/)9+.

 5ey date  T+ +; )+ , + )+ 0/ <, ,+&++-+- )+/ )) )/+ +:++. T++; )+ , +,,+ +,+/ ,- + +/; +,-,,0- Q+/; )/)+/,, 0/

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 1"

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  S)/,-* BE> Q+/; D+,*-+/ 

:,+ =; ) 9)/,)=:+. I -0 +; )+ , +,,+@ + ;+ )+ =+0+ ++; )+ )0),)::;.

"han*ed at   I-,)+ + )+ )- ,+ <+- + +/; +,-,,0- <) :) )-*+.

 Status o# Data  T+ )+ )- ,+ 0- <, + :) )) /++ /0 + I-0P/09,+/

<+/+ =00+ ) )- =+ +9):)+ 0/ /+0/,-*.

"urrent User   T+ +/ <0 ) //+-:; 0+-+ , +/; 0/ ,-+/+ , ,-0 ) <0/,-*0:+/.

 'ast re#reshed   T+ ,+ <+- + )) 0 + +/; <) :) /+/++.

3ariables, Filters, "onditions, Ex!eptions  F/+/ +> +:++- )- =+ ,:);+ ) )-,0- 0 9)/,)=:+@ ,:+/ 9):+@ 0-,,0-)- +>+,0-

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 11

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3. )estricted nd Ca$cu$ated +ey Figures

R+/,+ +; ,*/+ )/+ =), +; ,*/+ ,- + I-0P/09,+/ ) )/+ /+/,+ ,:+/+ =;0-+ 0/ 0/+ )/)+/,, +:+,0-. T+ +; ,*/+ ) , /+/,+ =; 0-+ 0/ 0/+)/)+/,, +:+,0- )- =+ ) =), +; ,*/+@ ) )::)+ +; ,*/+@ 0/ ) +; ,*/+ ) ,

):/+); /+/,+.

U,-* /+/,+ +; ,*/+ )::0< 0,-* + +/; /+: 0- +/),- 9):+. U-:,+ ) ,:+/@<0+ /+/,,0- )/+ 9):, 0/ + +-,/+ +/;@ ,- + )+ 0 ) /+/,+ +; ,*/+@ 0-:; + +;,*/+ ,- +,0- , /+/,+ 0 , )::0)+ )/)+/,, 9):+ 0/ )/)+/,, 9):+ ,-+/9):.

3.1 Defining )estricted +ey Figures

R+/,+ #+; F,*/+ )- =+ /+)+ ) I-0P/09,+/ :+9+:@ 0/ :0)::; ,- + +/; +,-,,0-.R+/,+ #+; F,*/+ ) )/+ +,-+ ) + I-0P/09,+/ :+9+: )/+ )9),:)=:+ ,- +9+/; +/;+,-,,0- 0 + I-0P/09,+/.

T0 +,-+ ) /+/,+ +; ,*/+ ) + I-0P/09,+/ :+9+:

1. F/0 + Q+/; D+,*-+/ 00+  Restri!ted 5ey Fi*ure ,- + 0-+> +- 0- +:+&)- ,+ -+/ 5ey Fi*ure.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 12

S+:+ R+/,+

#+; F,*/+

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

2. E-+/ ) +-,): -)+ ,- + ,):0* =0>@ )- 0-,/ + +-/; =; 00,-* O5 . T+-+<:; +,-+ +; ,*/+ )- =+ 0- ,- + Restri!ted 5ey Fi*ures ,/+0/;.

3. T0 +,-+ ) /+/,+ +; ,*/+ ) +/; :+9+:@ + D/)*JD/0 0 /)* + +; ,*/+0 =+ /+/,+ ,-0 ) Q+/; D+,*-+/ ,/+0/;. I- + 0-+> +-@ 00+  Edit @ 0/ +:+

+ ,:+ 0 + Rows 0/  "olu/ns ,/+0/,+ )- + + /,* 0+ =0- 0 00+  New Stru!ture. S+:+ + //+ ,/+0/; )- + + /,* 0+ =0- 0 00+  New

 Sele!tion /0 + 0-+> +-.

 

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 13

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

4. T+ New Sele!tion ,):0* =0> ,:);.

E-+/ ) +/,,0- 0 + /+/,+ +; ,*/+ ,-0 + +> ,+:. U+ D/)*JD/0 0 00++ +; ,*/+ 0 + I-0P/09,+/@ )- :)+ , 0- + /,*&)- ,+ 0 +  Sele!tion

<,-0<.

U+ D/)*JD/0 0 09+ + )/)+/,, <0+ )/)+/,, 9):+ ;0 <)- 0 + 0/+/, + +; ,*/+ 0 + /,*&)- ,+ 0 + Sele!tion <,-0<.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 14

#+; F,*/+ 0 =+/+/,+

O+- Q)-,; 0 =+ /+/,+ =;C):+-)/Y+)/0-

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

5. F/0 + 0-+> +- 0 + )/)+/,,@ 00+ Restri!t .

6. S+:+ + )/)+/,, 9):+ ;0 /+,/+ 0/ + /+/,,0-.

7. C0-,/ + +-/,+ =; 00,-* O5 .

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 15

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3.2 Se$ection Conditions for the Se$ection of Fi$ter ,a$ues

1. %+- +,-,-* ) /+/,+ +; ,*/+@ + /+/,,-* )/)+/,,@ ,-,9,):)/)+/,, 9):+@ 9):+ /)-*+@ ,+/)/; -0+@ 0/ )/)+/,, 9)/,)=:+ )/+ +:++.

2. %+- +:+,-* 9):+ /)-*+@ + 0::0<,-* 0+/),0- )/+ )9),:)=:+

• B+<++-

• G/+)+/ )- 0/ +): 0

• L+ )- 0/ +): 0

• G/+)+/ )-

• L+ )-

3. I-:,-* 9):+ ,- + +:+,0- 0/ +>:,-* 9):+ /0 + +:+,0- )- =++,-+ =; +:+,-* ++ 0,0- ,- + 0-+> +- 0 + /+:+9)- ,:+/ 9):+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 16

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3.3 For'u$ating Se$ection Conditions

1. Y0 )- +:+ ,-,9,): 9):+ )- 9):+ /)-*+ /0 ) :, 0/ /0 ) +:++,+/)/; ,- + +:+,0- ,):0* =0>. T+ 9):+ )9),:)=:+ ,- + :+&)- <,-0< )/+/+/,+ 0 1"" 9):+. T+ 0::0<,-* )/+ + ,-/,0- 0 :, 0-:; )/)+/,, 9):+

) ) ;0/ +,, /,+/,) 0 =+ 0+/+ ,- + +:+,0- ,):0*.

2. A+/ ;0 )9+ +:++ ) )/)+/,, 0/ <, ;0 <)- 0 + )/)+/,,9):+ 0/ /+/,,0-@ 00+ + =0- <, + ;+::0< )//0< ,- + =00 :+&)-0/-+/ D,:); O+/ V):+. Y0 )- 0/:)+ +:+,0- 0-,,0- +/+@ )- +),9)++ /+/,,0- 0 1"" 9):+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 17

U+ D,:);

O+/ V):+

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3. T+ S+:+,0- C0-,,0- ,):0* =0> ,:);.

I ;0 + +  Nu/ber o# Displayed 3alues 0 +ll-@ )- +/+ )/+ ) :)/*+ -=+/ 0)/)+/,, 9):+@ , ); )+ ) :0-* <), <+- +:+,-* 9):+.

4. I- +  Restri!tion+s- <,-0< 0- + :+&)- ,+@ 00+ + )/,=+ 0 + 0/+/, + +:+,0-.

5. C00+ + /+,/+ 0+/)0/  

• E): 0

• G/+)+/ )- 0/ +): 0

• L+ )- 0/ +): 0

• G/+)+/ )-

• L+ )-

• B+<++-

• C0-),- P)+/-

6. E-+/ ) )/)+/,, 9):+. C00+ + =0- <, + /++ +/,0 0 + +9):+ +:+,0- +: -,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 18

R+/, =; C):.

;+)/0-

O+/)0/ +:+,0-

V):+ S+:+,0-H+:

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

7. T0 +:+ + /+/,,0-@ 00+ + )//0< 0,-,-* 0 + /,*. T+ ,):0* =0>/+),- 0+- 0 /+/ /+/,,0- )- =+ )+ 0 + +:+,0- 0-,,0-.

8. C00+ O5 . T+ :, 0 )9),:)=:+ 9):+ ,- + :+&)- <,-0< 0 + +:+,0-,):0* =0> , -0< /+/,+ )0/,-* 0 + 0/:)+ +:+,0- 0-,,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 1$

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3.! Ca$cu$ated +ey Figures

I- + Q+/; D+,*-+/@ 0/:)+ )- =+ + 0 )::)+ +; ,*/+ ) )/+ -0 ,- + I-0P/09,+/ =; ,-* =), +; ,*/+@ /+/,+ +; ,*/+@ )- ):/+); )::)+ +; ,*/+ ,-+ 0/:) +,-,,0-.

3.".1 )e,-enta5e !n-tons

1. )e,-enta5e 'a,an-e 678

(Operand6) 7 (Operand8)

G,9+ + +/+-)*+ 9)/,)-+ O+/)-1 /0 O+/)-2

E>):+  $lanned Sales 3olu/e 7 !tual Sales 3olu/e *,9+ + +/+-)*+ =; <,+ )): ):+ 90:+ +>++ + :)--+ ):+ 90:+.

2. )e,-enta5e S+a,e 67A8

MO+/)-1 A MO+/)-2

G,9+ + +/+-)*+ )/+ 0 O+/)-1 /0 O+/)-2

E>):+  Sales 3olu/e 7 1n!o/in* Orders +,,+ 0< ,* + +/+-)*+ )/+ 0):+ 90:+ , )+ 0 ,-0,-* 0/+/.

3. )e,-enta5e S+a,e of Reslt 67SR8

CTMO+/)-

S+,,+ 0< ,* + +/+-)*+ )/+ , ,- /+:),0- 0 + /+:. T+ /+: +)- + /+:0 )**/+*),0- ) + -+> :+9+: ,-+/, /+:

E>):+ 7SR 1n!o/in* Orders  +,,+ 0< ,* + )/+ 0 + ,-0,-* 0/+/9):+ 0 +) ,-,9,): )/)+/,, 9):+ 0/ +>):+ 0 +) 0+/ ,@,- /+:),0- 0 + )/)+/,, /+: 0/ +>):+@ 0+/ 0 ) ,9,,0-

". )e,-enta5e S+a,e of Oe,all Reslt 67OR8

OR MO+/)-

S+,,+ 0< ,* + +/+-)*+ )/+ , ,- /+:),0- 0 + 09+/):: /+:. T+ 09+/):: /+:+)- + /+: 0 )**/+*),0- ) + -+> :+9+: ,- + :,. I- + )::),0- 0 + 09+/)::/+:@ + ;-), ,:+/ ,:+/ ) <+/+ -0 ):/+); +,-+ ,- + Q+/; D+,*-+/ )/+,-:+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 2"

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3.".2 Data !n-tons

1. Conts

"ount +(Expression)-

D+:,9+/ + 9):+ 1 0/ +) 0//+-+ 0 ME>/+,0-

2. NDI'96:8; Is e<al to 9 =t+ son b> 9? ot+e,=se :

 ND13+(Expression)-

D+:,9+/ " , + +>/+,0- -)+ ,- ME>/+,0- *,9+ ) ,9,,0- =; " ,- + )::),0-.O+/<,+ + /+: , + 9):+ 0 + +>/+,0-.

3. Reslt

 SU0". (Operand)

D+:,9+/ + /+: 0 + 0+/)- ,- ):: /0< 0/ 0:-

". Oe,all Reslt

 SU0.(Operand)

D+:,9+/ + 09+/):: /+: 0 + 0+/)-

%. Re@o,t Reslt

 SU0R.(Operand)

D+:,9+/ + /+0/ /+: 0 + 0+/)- 0 ,,-*, =+<++- + 09+/):: )- + /+0//+:

3.".3 0at+e4at-al !n-tons

)+),): -,0- ,-:+

• )>,

• ,-,

• A=0:+ V):+

• S)::+ ,-+*+/ 9):+ :)/*+/ )- 0+/)-

• D,9,,0- ,-+*+/

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 21

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3."." Defnn5 Cal-late e> !5,es

 N+< "al!ulated 5ey Fi*ures )- =+ +,-+ =; ,-* ):: =), +; ,*/+ ) <+:: ) -+<:;+,-+ /+/,+ )- )::)+ +; ,*/+@ =0 ) + +/; )- + I-0 P/09,+/ :+9+:. A ++/; :+9+:@ + )::)+ +; ,*/+ , 0-:; 9):, 0/ + +/; ,- +,0-. I + "al!ulated

 5ey Fi*ure , /+)+ ) + I-0 P/09,+/ :+9+:@ , )- =+ + ,- ):: +/,+ ) )/+ =)+ 0- +

I-0 P/09,+/ :+9+:.

Defnn5 "al!ulated 5ey Fi*ures  at t+e Info ),oe, Leel

1. S+:+ +  5ey Fi*ure ,/+0/;@ )- ,- + 0-+> +-@ 00+  New "al!ulated

 5ey Fi*ure.

2. E-+/ ) +/,,0- 0 + )::)+ +; ,*/+ ,-0 + +> ,+:.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 22

V):,)+ S;-)> ,-F0/:) D+,-,,0-

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3. D+,-+ + /+,/+ 0/:) ,-* )9),:)=:+ =), +; ,*/+@ /+/,+ +; ,*/+@0/:) 0+/)0/@ )- -,0-.

4. C00+ F0/:) S;-)> C+ 0 9):,)+ + 0/:) +,-,,0-.

5. C00+ O5 . I- +  $roperties 0 + "al!ulated 5ey Fi*ure ,):0* =0>@ ),*- )

+-,): -)+@ )- 00+ O5 .

6. T+ -+< )::)+ +; ,*/+ , )9),:)=:+ -+/ C)::)+ #+; F,*/+@ )- )- =+,-:+ ,- + +,-,,0- ,-* D/)*JD/0.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 23

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

Defnn5 Cal!ulated 5ey Fi*ures  at t+e Qe,> Leel

1. I-:+  5ey Fi*ures  -+++ 0/ + )::),0- ,- + +,-,,0-@ )- 00+ N+<F0/:) ,- + 0-+> +- 0 + #+; F,*/+ ,/+0/;.

2. T+  New For/ula ,):0* =0> ,:); 0/ +-+/,-* "al!ulated 5ey Fi*ure +,-,,0-.T++ 0/:) )/+ 0-:; )9),:)=:+ :0)::; ,- , +/; +,-,,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 24

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3." Boo$ean -*erators

B00:+)- 0+/)0/ 0-,+ ) )/,:)/ +>):+ 0 -,0- ) )/+ )9),:)=:+ ) 0+/)0/<+- +,-,-* ) )::)+ +; ,*/+. B00:+)- 0+/)0/ +-)=:+ 0)/,0- <,,- 0/:).

T+ 0::0<,-* 0+/)0/ )/+ )9),:)=:+

• I :+ )- M

• I -0 +): 0 M

• I */+)+/ )-

• I :+ )- 0/ +): 0 M

• I +): 0

• I */+)+/ )- 0/ +): 0

• L0*,): NOT@ AND@ OR@ )- :0*,): E>:,9+ OR XOR 

E:a4@le  IF R+9+-+ 1""""" THEN R+9+-+ X 5 ELSE R+9+-+ X 2

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 25

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

3.# Pro*erties of +ey Figures

1. S+:+ P/0+/,+ /0 + 0-+> +- 0/ + +; ,*/+ 0/ <, ;0 <)- 0 +,-+ /0+/,+.

2. T+ P/0+/,+ 0 + S+:+,0-F0/:) ,):0* /++- ,:);.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 26

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R+/,+ A- C)::)+ #+; F,*/+

 Des!ription 9  T+ +/,,0- 0/ + +; ,*/+. T+ 0): :+-* 0 ):: )/)+/ ,- ):: :,-+,-:,-* + :,-+ =/+) , :,,+ 0 6" )/)+/.

 Display 9  T+ +; ,*/+ )- =+ +:++ 0 =+ ,*:,*+ ,- + /+0/. T+ +; ,*/+ )- ):0 =+ ,+- , , +,-+ 0/ 0-:; )::),-* 0/:)@ )- -++ -0 =+ ,:);+ ,- +)-):;,. )/,-*  Sele!tion as "onstant  )+ + +:+,0- -0 :0-*+/ )9),:)=:+ 0/

)-*+ =; -)9,*),0- )- ,:+/ ) /-,+.

 Nu/ber Display 9  S+ + ):,-* )0/ ,- + N=+/ F0/) )/+) )- +,-+ + -=+/ 0+,): :)+ )- /+9+/+ + K & ,*-. T+ /+9+/+ K & ,*- , 0-:; ),:); -,0- )- ) -0 ,-:+-+ 0- )::),0- ,- 0/:).

"al!ulations 9  R+)::)+ /+: /0< )- ,-,9,): 9):+ ) )/+ ,:);+ ,- + 9+/,0-)0/,-* 0 )/,:)/ /,+/,).

"urren!y .ranslation 9  S+ ) //+-; 0-9+/,0- +; )- ) )/*+ //+-;.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 27

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C)/)+/,,

!. Characteristics

!.1 Characteristics Pro*erties

I- + C)/)+/,, P/0+/,+ ,):0* =0>@ ;0 )- )+ +,-* 0/ ) /)-*+ 0 -,0- ))+ + +; ,*/+ 0/ , )/)+/,, ,- + +/; /,::0<-.

Y0 )- +,-+ + 0::0<,-* /0+/,+ 0/ )/)+/,,

 Des!ription

T+ +> +/,,0- )- =+ )-*+ 0/ ,:); ,- + +/;.

 Display s

D++/,-+ + 0/ ,- <, + )/)+/,, 9):+ )/+ ,:);+@ ) :0-* ) +; <+/+/+)+ ,- + I-0O=+ ),-+-)-+ 0/ + )/)+/,,

•  N0 D,:);

• #+; )- N)+

•  N)+ )- #+;

•  N)+• #+;

• L0-* 0/ +, N)+

 Display o# Results

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 28

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C)/)+/,,

 Suppress Results Rows  Y0 )- //+ + )+)/)-+ 0 + /+0/ =; ,-* ,-,0- 0 ++/,-+ <++/ + /+: /0< )/+ ,:);+ lways, Never, or With Only One 3alue

 Nor/ali:e to 9 Y0 )- + , -,0- 0 -0/):,?+ +; ,*/+ 9):+ 0 ) +,,)/)+/,,. %+- 9):+ )/+ -0/):,?+@ + +; ,*/+ )/+ ,:);+) ) +/+-)*+ ,- /+:),0- 0 + 0+- /+:. T+ Query Result, Overall

 Result or Result ,-+/, /+: )- =+ +:++ ) + /++/+-+ 9):+.T+ )/)+/,, , -0/):,?+ 0-:; , , , ,- + /,::0<-.

"u/ulative 9  T, -,0- )**/+*)+ + 9):+ 0 + )/)+/,, 9):+ + - 9):+ ,)**/+*)+ <, + -K1 9):+

 Sortin*   Y0 )- )+ +,-* 0/ 0/,-* <,,- + )/)+/,,. Y0 )- + + 0::0<,-*

T+ )/)+/,, ,+:@ 0/+ =; +; 0/ -)+@A:: )/,=+ 0 + )/)+/,,@ 0/+ =; 5ey 0/  Na/e

T+ 0/ ++-+ , +,+/  s!endin* 0/  Des!endin*; Y0 )--0 + + )/,=+

) ;0 )9+ +:++ 0/ 0/,-* ,- + ,:);.

 Display Hierar!hy  Y0 )- ,:); + )/)+/,, ,+/)/,)::;.

!.2 ttriutes

C)/)+/,, )- =+ +/,=+ ,- 0/+ +),: /0* )/,=+. F0/ +>):+@ ;0 )- ),*-+ )/,=+ "ountry 0 + )/)+/,, "o/pany "ode 0 ,:); + 0-/; 0 + 0)-;0+.

A/,=+ )- =+ ),-),-+ ) Display ttributes 0/ Navi*ation ttributes;

 Display ttributes )- =+ 0<- ,- ) /+0/ ,- + /,::0<-. H0<+9+/@ -)9,*),0- + )/+ -0 0,=:+. T0 ,-:+ )  Display ttribute  ,- + /,::0<-@ 0+- + ,-+> 0/ + )/)+/,,.O-+ ,- + ttributes ,-+>@ /)* + /+,/+ )/,=+ ,-0 + +/; +,-,,0-.

T0 +:+ ) ,:); )/,=+ 0 ) )/)+/,, ) , ):/+); ,- + +/; +,-,,0-@ /0 +0-+> +- 0 + )/)+/,,@ 00+ ttributes.

I- + ttribute $roperties 0/ ) +,, )/,=+ 0/ ) )/)+/,,@ ;0 )- + + ,:);-,0- ) +;@ -)+@ )- 0 0-.

Y0 )- +  Navi*ation ttributes  0/ +,-,-* +/,+ ,- ) /+0/ ,- + )+ <); ))/)+/,,. T+; )/+ ,:);+ ,- + ,+-,0- 0 + )/)+/,, 0 <, +; =+:0-*.

I- 0/+/ 0 + )- )/,=+ ) ) -)9,*),0- )/,=+@ -0+ + 0::0<,-*

1. T+ )/,=+ ) 0 =+ :)**+ ) -)9,*),0- )/,=+ ,- + I-0O=+ ),-+-)-+ 0+ )/)+/,,

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 2$

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C)/)+/,,

2. T+ )/,=+ ) 0 =+ +:++ /0 + :, 0 0,=:+ -)9,*),0- )/,=+ ,- +I-0O=+ ),-+-)-+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 3"

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H,+/)/,+

". /ierarchies

T+/+ )/+ <0 0,0- 0/ ,+/)/,): ,:); ,- /+0/

1. D,:); + )/)+/,, ,-:+ ,- + +/; +,-,,0- ) ) ,+/)/;

2. S+:+ )- +>+/-): ,+/)/; ) ) ,:); ,+/)/; 0/ ) )/)+/,, ,- + +/;+,-,,0-

".1 /ierarchica$ Position of Characteristics and +ey Figures

C)/)+/,, )- #+; F,*/+ )- =+ ,:);+ ,- + /0< )- ,- + 0:- ) ,+/)/,+ =;+:+,-* Display s Hierar!hy /0 + 0-+> +- 0 + /0< 0/ 0:- +)+/.

".2 Se$ecting Externa$ /ierarchies

1. Y0 /+)+ ,+/)/,+ 0/ =), )/)+/,,@ 0/ +>):+@ P/0.2. T+; )/+ )9+ ,- +,): )+/ )) )=:+. T+; =+)9+ :,+ )+/ )) )- +/+0/+@

+; )- =+ + )- 0,,+ ,- ):: I-0C=+.3. S+9+/): ,+/)/,+ )- =+ +,-+ 0/ ) )/)+/,,. T++ ,+/)/,+ )- +- =+

+:++ /0 + ,:); ,+/)/;.

I- 0/+/ 0 )+ ,+/)/,+ )9),:)=:+ 0/ ) )/)+/,, ,- B%@ ;0 )- :0) )/)+/,,,+/)/,+ /0 ) 0/+ ;+ 0/ /+)+ + ,- + B,-+ I-0/),0- %)/+0+.

T+ )/)+/,, , ++/,-+ 0 )9+ ) ,+/)/; ,- + I-0O=+ ),-+-)-+@ <+/+ /0+/,+ 0 + +/,+ ,+/)/,+ )/+ +,-+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 31

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H,+/)/,+

".3 Inc$uding /ierarchies in )e*orts

1. F/0 + 0-+> +- 0 + )/)+/,, ) + ,+/)/; , 0 =+ /++-+@00+ P/0+/,+.

2. I- + P/0+/,+ ,):0* =0>@ 00+ 9):+ /0 + D,:); H,+/)/; +,0- .

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 32

C00+ ,+/)/;9):+

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H,+/)/,+

3. I- + :, 0  vailable Hierar!hies@ +:+ + /+,/+ ,>+ ,+/)/; )- 00+O5;

4. E) ,+/)/; ) + /0+/,+ ) <+/+ ++/,-+ =; + ,+/)/; +,-,,0-.

Y0 )- 09+//,+ + 0::0<,-* ,+/)/; /0+/,+ ,- + +/; +,-,,0- 0/ ) ,+/)/;

• S0/,-*

%,,- + ,+/)/;@ + ,+/)/; 9):+ )- =+ 0/+ ,-  Des!endin*   0/  s!endin*

0/+/ =; 5ey 0/ Na/e.

• E>)- 0 L+9+:

T0 ++/,-+ + ,+/)/; :+9+: 0 <, + ,+/)/; , +>)-+ 0 ,- + /+0/@ ,-+ U 0:- U+/ S+,-*@ ) + ,- + +=0> )- +-+/ + /+,/+-+/,): 9):+.

•P0,,0- 0 L0<+/ L+9+: N0+

I- + U 0:-@ ) )/ ,- + +=0> )- 00+ <++/ + =&0/,-)+ -0+)/+ 0,,0-+ )=09+ U 0/ =+:0< D0<- ) +/&0/,-)+ -0+.

• V):+ 0 P0+ N0+

I- + U 0:-@ ) + ,- + +=0> )- 00+ <++/ ;0 <)- 0  Display 0/suppress + 9):+ 0 + 0+ -0+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 33

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H,+/)/,+

•  N0+ <, O-:; O-+ L0<+/&L+9+: N0+

I- + U 0:-@ ) + ,- + +=0> )- 00+ <++/ ;0 <)- 0 D,:); 0/S/+ -0+ <, 0-:; 0-+ :0<+/ :+9+: -0+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 34

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V)/,)=:+

#. ,aria$es

V)/,)=:+ )/+ +/; )/)++/ ) )/+ +,-+ ,- + Q+/; D+,*-+/ )- ) )/+ ,::+ <,9):+ 0-:; <+- + +/; , +>++.

V)/,)=:+ ) ) :)+0:+/ 0/

• C)/)+/,, 9):+

H,+/)/,+• H,+/)/; -0+

• T+>

• F0/:) +:++- )::)+ +; 9):+

V)/,)=:+ )/+ /+)=:+ 0=+.

T+ 9)/,)=:+ +,-+ ,- + Q+/; D+,*-+/ )/+ )9),:)=:+ ,- ):: I-0 P/09,+/ 0/ + ,- ++/; +,-,,0-. V)/,)=:+ )/+ -0 ++-+- 0- + I-0 P/09,+/@ = /)+/ 0- + I-0O=+0/ <, +; <+/+ /+)+.

V)/,)=:+ +-)=:+ ;0 0 + +/,+ 0/+ :+>,=:; +/; )/)++/,?),0-. %+- ,-* 9)/,)=:+

,- + Q+/; D+,*-+/@ ;0 0 -0 00+ ,>+ )/)+/,, 9):+@ ,+/)/,+@ ,+/)/;-0+@ +>@ 0/ 0/:) +:++-@ = /)+/ ;0 + + 9)/,)=:+ 0/ + :)+0:+/. T++ )/++- ,::+ <, 9):+ ) +/; /-,+ <+- ;0 ,-+/ + +/; ,-0 ) <0/=00@ <+- ;0/+/+ ) <0/=00 0/ <+- ;0 :)- + +/; 0- + %+=. I ;0 + 9)/,)=:+@ ) +/;+,-,,0- )- +- +/9+ ) + =), 0/ )-; ,+/+- +/,+.

#.1 Characteristic ,a$ue ,aria$es

T+/+ )/+ ,+/+- 9)/,)=:+ ;+@ ++-,-* 0- + 0=+ 0/ +>):+@ )/)+/,,@ 0/:)0/ <, + 9)/,)=:+ , +,-+ ) ) :)+0:+/.

%+- +:+,-* )/)+/,, 9):+ ,- + +/; +,-,,0-@ ;0 )- +:+ 9)/,)=:+ ,-+) 0

,>+ 9):+. T++ ) ) :)+0:+/ )- )/+ ,::+ <, 9):+ <+- ;0 +>++ + +/;.

Y0 )- + 9)/,)=:+ 0 +:+ ,-*:+ 9):+ )- 9):+ /)-*+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 35

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V)/,)=:+

1. S+:+,-* S,-*:+ V):+ V)/,)=:+

F/0 + 0-+> +- 0 + )/)+/,,@ 00+  Restri!t . T+ ,):0* =0> 0/ +:+,-*)/)+/,, 9):+ )+)/.

2. S+:+ + 3ariables )= )*+ )- /)-+/ + /+,/+ 9)/,)=:+ ,-* D/)*JD/0 0/+ )//0< =0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 36

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V)/,)=:+

3. S+:+,-* S,-*:+ V):+ V)/,)=:+ ) V)/,)=:+ V):+ A/+) L,,

I- + ,):0* =0> 0/ +:+,-* )/)+/,, 9):+@ ,- + S+:+,0- ,+:@ 00+ V):+ A/+))- + + /+,/+ 0+/)0/ B+<++-@ L+ )-@ G/+)+/ )-@ .

S+:+ + V)/,)=:+ )= )*+.

%+- ,-* + <etween 0+/)0/@ ;0 )- /+/, =0 :,, ,-* ) ,-*:+ 9):+ 9)/,)=:+0/ 00+ ) ,-*:+ 9):+ 9)/,)=:+ 0/ 0-+ 0 + ,-+/9): :,, )- /)-+/ ) ,>+ 9):+ 0/+ 0+/ ,-+/9): :,, 0- + Fixed 3alues )= )*+.

%+- ,-* + 0+/)0/ reater than or e=ual to, 'ess than or e=ual to, reater than, or

 'ess than@ /0 + :, 0 )9),:)=:+ 9)/,)=:+ ,- + :+ <,-0<@ ,*:,* ) 9)/,)=:+ )-09+ , ,-* D/)*JD/0 0/ + )//0< =0- ,-0 + /,*

 Sele!tion <,-0<.

4. S+:+,-* V)/,)=:+ <, S+9+/): S,-*:+ V):+ 0/ V):+ R)-*+

D++-,-* 0- 0< +; )9+ =++- +,-+@ ;0 )- -0 0-:; +:+ ,-*:+ 9):+ 0/9)/,)=:+@ = ):0 +9+/): ,-*:+ 9):+@ ,-+/9):@ 0/ +:+,0- 0,0-. U-+/  Sin*le 3alues

+:+ + /+:+9)- 9)/,)=:+ /0 + 9)/,)=:+ <,-0< )- +,; + 9):+ 0/ ,-+/9)::,, <+- ;0 +>++ + +/;.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 37

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V)/,)=:+

#.2 &ext ,aria$es

T+> 9)/,)=:+ /+/++- ) +>. Y0 )- + +> 9)/,)=:+ ,- +/; +/,,0-@ )::)+ +;,*/+ )- //): 00-+-.

1. T0 ,-:+ )- +>,,-* +> 9)/,)=:+@ 00+ )- +)/ 0/ + /+,/+ +>9)/,)=:+ ,- + :, 0 +>,,-* +> 9)/,)=:+. T, )+)/ <, , +-,): -)+@ +-:0+ =; )+/)- J@ ,- + +/,,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 38

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V)/,)=:+

#.3 For'u$a ,aria$es

F0/:) 9)/,)=:+ /+/++- -+/,): 9):+. Y0 )- + 0/:) 9)/,)=:+ ,- 0/:).

 N+/,): 9):+ )/+ ):0 + 0/ )::),-* +>+,0- )- 0-,,0-. Y0 )- ):0 +

0/:) 9)/,)=:+ +/+.

E:a4@le  T0 )::)+ 0,,0- ;0 + ) 0/:) 9)/,)=:+ <, + R+9+-+ -, ,- 0/+/0 /0+ + //+- /+0: 9):+ 0/ C0,,0- )::),0- <+- ;0 +>++ + +/;.

#.! ,aria$e Processing &y*es

T+ 0::0<,-* /0+,-* ;+ )/+ )9),:)=:+

6; User Entry>De#ault 3alue

I U+/ E-/;D+): V):+ , 0+- ) + /0+,-* ;+ 0/ ) 9)/,)=:+@ ;0 )- +-+/ +/+,/+ 9):+ 0/ + 9)/,)=:+ )-)::; ,- ) ,):0* =0> <+- ;0 +>++ + +/;.

Y0 +-+/ + +): 9):+ <+- ;0 /+)+ + 9)/,)=:+. T, +): 9):+ , +- ,:);+0/ ,-&+-)=:+ 9)/,)=:+ ,- + ,- ,+: 0 + 9)/,)=:+ /++-. F0/ ,+: ) )/+ -0,-&+-)=:+@ + +): 9):+ , + ) + 9)/,)=:+ 9):+.

8; Repla!e/ent $ath

T+ /0+,-* ;+ R+:)++- P) +-)=:+ ;0 0 +,; + 9):+ ) )0),)::;/+:)+ + 9)/,)=:+ <+- + +/; 0/ %+= ):,),0- , +>++.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 3$

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V)/,)=:+

F0/ +>):+@ <+- ;0 +-+/ ) 9)/,)=:+ ) ) )/)+/,, 9):+@ ;0 0 -0 -++ 0++/,-+ + +> 0/ + )/)+/,, 9):+ /),* )<);@ = )- :+ , =+ ,::+;-),)::; 0 ) + )/)+/,, ) , + <+- + +/; , +>++ 0/ +9)/,)=:+.

?; "usto/er Exit  

I -++)/;@ ;0 )9+ + 0,0- 0 ,-* ) 0+/ +>, 0 + ) /0+,-* ;+ 0/9)/,)=:+ ) , ),:0/+ +,,)::; 0 ;0/ -++. T+ C0+/ E>, /0+,-* ;+ 0/9)/,)=:+ +-)=:+ ;0 0 ++/,-+ 9):+ 0/ 9)/,)=:+ =; +)- 0 ) -,0- 0:+ +>,.

@; S$ Exit  

T+ SAP +>, /0+,-* ;+ , 0-),-+ ,- 9)/,)=:+ ) )/+ +:,9+/+ <, SAP B%B,-+ C0-+-.

A; uthori:ation

T+ A0/,?),0- /0+,-* ;+ +-)=:+ ;0 0 ,:: + 9)/,)=:+ )0),)::; <, +9):+ /0 + )0/,?),0- 0 ) +/.

I ;0 00+ A0/,?),0- /0+,-* ;+ <+- ;0 /+)+ ) 9)/,)=:+@ + 9)/,)=:+ , ,::+)0),)::; <, + 9):+ ,- + +/ )0/,?),0-.

%+- + +/ 0+- ) +/;@ + )) +:+,0- , )0),)::; )//,+ 0 )0/,-* 0 ,0/ +/ )0/,?),0-.

#." Creating ,aria$es

T+ V)/,)=:+ <,?)/ )+ ;0 /0* ) +&=;&+ /0+ 0/ +,-,-* ) -+< 9)/,)=:+.

1. T0 ,:); + 3ariable Wi:ard @ *0 0 + S+:+,0- +- 0/ + /+,/+ ,+: =;0=:+&:,,-* 0- + +:++ ,+: 0/ +:+,-* R+/, /0 + 0-+> +-. C:, 0- +3ariables )=.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 4"

S+:+ V)/,)=:+ )=0 ,:); ) :, 0)9),:)=:+ 9)/,)=:+

R,*&:, 0 /+)+ N+< V)/,)=:+

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V)/,)=:+

2. R,*&C:, 0/ + New 3ariable +:+,0-.

3. T+ 3ariable Wi:ard  ,:);.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 41

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V)/,)=:+

4. E-+/ + 9)/,)=:+ -)+ )- +/,,0-@ )- ++/,-+ + 9)/,)=:+ ;+.

5. T+ D+),: ,):0* =0> ,:); 0/ ):: ;+ 0 9)/,)=:+ +>+ 0/ 9)/,)=:+ <,/+:)++- ) /0+,-* ;+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 42

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V)/,)=:+

U-+/ 3ariable Represents@ +:+ + ,:); )/+) ) + 9)/,)=:+ , 0 /+/++-

•  Sin*le 3alue

T+ 9)/,)=:+ /+/++- 0-+ 9):+ 0-:;.

•  0ultiple Sin*le 3alues

T+ 9)/,)=:+ /+/++- ) /)-*+ 0 ,-*:+ 9):+.

•  1nterval 

T+ 9)/,)=:+ /+/++- ) /0&9):+ 0 ) 0&9):+.

•  Sele!tion Option

T+ 9)/,)=:+ /+/++- ) 0=,-),0- 0 ,-*:+ 9):+ )- ,-+/9): 0 ;0/ 0,+.

•  $re&!al!ulated 3alue Set 

T+ 9)/,)=:+ /+/++- ) + 0 9):+ ) )/+ 0/+ ,- ) ))=)+ )=:+ =; + R+0/,-*A*+-.

6. U-+/ 3ariable Entry@ +,; <++/ + 9)/,)=:+ ,- , Optional, 0andatory or

 0andatory, 1nitial 3alue not llowed;

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 43

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V)/,)=:+

7. U-+/ Ready #or input  ;0 )- ++/,-+ <++/ + 9)/,)=:+ , ,-&+-)=:+ <+-+ +/; 0/ %+= ):,),0- , +>++. I + /+);&0/&,- 0,0- , ),9+ +):+,-*@ + 9)/,)=:+ /++- , 0+/+ <+- ;0 +>++ + +/; 0/ %+= ):,),0-. Y0)- +- +-+/ + /+,/+ 9):+@ 0-,/ + +): 9):+@ 0/ )-*+ + +): 9):+.

8. T+ 0,0- "an be !han*ed in =uery navi*ation +-)=:+ ;0 -0 0-:; 0 +:+ /0

9):+ ) ;0 +-+/+ ,- + 9)/,)=:+ /++- )+/ ;0 )9+ +>++ + +/;@ = ):0 +0+/ 9):+ ) ;-), ,:+/ ,- + +/;.

$. "opy personali:ation data #ro/ the variable  Y0 )- +/0-):,?+ 9)/,)=:+ 9):+0/ ,-&+-)=:+ 9)/,)=:+ 0/ +) +/. T++ +/0-): 9):+ )/+ )9+ 0/ +) 9)/,)=:+)- 0/ +) +/.

1". %+- ;0 +,-+ ) 9)/,)=:+@ ;0 +-+/ 0-+ 0/ 0/+ +): 9):+. T++ +- )+)/,- + 9)/,)=:+ /++- <+- ;0 +>++ + +/;.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 44

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V)/,)=:+

11. C:, Finish 0 )9+ + 9)/,)=:+ +,-,,0-.

#.# Changing ,aria$es in the ,aria$e Editor 

T+ 9)/,)=:+ +,0/ + ) ,):0* =0> 0 *,9+ ):: 0 + +:+,0- 0,0- )9),:)=:+ 0/ )-*,-* )-

+>,,-* 9)/,)=:+.

1. R,*&:, 0- + 9)/,)=:+ 0 +:+ "han*e 3ariable

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 45

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V)/,)=:+

2. T+ ,-,9,): ,+: 0 + ,):0* =0> /+:+ + ,):0* + ,- + 9)/,)=:+ <,?)/ )-0< + //+- +,-* 0 + 9)/,)=:+. T+ ,):0* =0> , 0-+> +-,,9+@ <, +)-) 0-:; + ,+: )- 0,0- ) )/+ /+:+9)- 0/ + 9)/,)=:+ )/+ ,:);+@ ++-,-* 0-+ ;+ 0 9)/,)=:+ )- + /0+,-* ;+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 46

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V)/,)=:+

#.% 0sing the ,aria$e -ffset

T0 )-):;?+ +; ,*/+ ) )9+ ) ,>+ ,+&/+:),0-, 0 0-+ )-0+/@ ;0 )- + + 9)/,)=:+0+. F0/ +>):+@ ;0 <)- 0 0)/+ 0)-; /+9+-+ /0 + //+- ,+ +/,0 <,) 0 + )+ ,+ +/,0 ,- + /+9,0 ;+)/. I- ;0/ /+0/ +,-,,0-@ ;0 )- + + )+

9)/,)=:+ +9+/): ,+ 0 /+/, + +; ,*/+ )- ++/,-+ ) ,+/+-+ /0 + ,- 9):+.

Y0 )- ):0 + + 9)/,)=:+ 0+ 0 +:+ )- ,-+/9): ) ) /+/,,0- <, +/ )- :0<+/:,, ) /++/ 0 + )+ 9)/,)=:+.

1. O- + 3ariables  )= )*+@ +:+ + /+,/+ 9)/,)=:+ )- 09+ , ,-*D/)*JD/0 0/ ,-* + )//0< +; 0,-,-* 0 + /,* ,-0 + /,* +:+,0- <,-0<.

2. U+ + /,* 0+ =0-@ ):: + 0-+> +- )- 00+  Spe!i#y 3ariable

O##sets

3. I- + V)/,)=:+ O+ ,):0* =0>@ +-+/ + /+,/+ 9)/,)=:+ 0+. %+- ,-*9):+ /)-*+@ +,; + 9)/,)=:+ 0+ 0/ + +/ )- :0<+/ :,,.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 47

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V)/,)=:+

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 48

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Q+/; D+,-,,0- P/0+/,+

%. Query Definition Pro*erties

%.1 Query Pro*erties

D+): /0+/,+ )- =+ +,-+ ,- + +/; +,-,,0-. I- + 00:=)/ ,- + BE> Q+/;

D+,*-+/@ 00+ + Q+/; P/0+/,+ ;=0: .

1. I- + Query $roperties ,):0* =0>@ + 0,,),0- 0,0- )/+ ,9,+ ,-0 )/+)G+-+/):@ D,:);@ S+,,@ )- + D0+- =0- ,-* <, ;0 )- 0 0+-+,-,,0-.

T+ G+-+/): )= *,9+ ,-0/),0- )=0 + +-,): -)+ 0 + +/; +,-,,0-@ +I-0P/09,+/ ) , , =)+ 0-@ + 0<-+/@ )- + +/0- <0 :) )-*+ + +/;.

T+ +/,,0- 0 + Q+/; )- =+ )-*+ -+/ + D+/,,0- =0>@ )- ),*-,-* , +>9)/,)=:+ ,- 0/+/ 0 ++ + 9)/,)=:+ /+/,,0- ,- + +/,,0- ) /-,+@ 0/ +>):+.

A +; )+@ <, )- =+ /+,/+ =; ,+&++-+- )/)+/,,@ )/,=+@ )-,+/)/,+ )- +,/ -0+ 0/ + /+0/ ,:);@ )- =+ ,>+ 0/ +,-+ <, ) 9)/,)=:+/++ ) /-,+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 4$

S++-+ 0 +

+-/; 9)/,)=:+)- =+ )-*+

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Q+/; D+,-,,0- P/0+/,+

T+ ++-+ 0 + +-/; 9)/,)=:+ )- =+ )-*+ =; +:+,-* + +-/; 9)/,)=:+ )-

:,,-* 0- + 0/ =0-.

2. T+ D,:); )= , ,9,+ ,-0 <0 )/+) 0-+ 0/ + ,:); 0,0- )- + 0+/0/ + -=+/ 0/).

T+ D,:); 0,0- ,-:+ + 0::0<,-*

•  d2ust For/attin* #ter Re#reshin* 

T+ +/; 0/) , + 0 ,+-,; + ;+ 0 )) 0-),-+ ,- + +:: )- +/+0/++),?+ + //+ 0 + /+:. T+ Re#resh For/attin* a#ter Re#reshin*  -,0-+-/+ ) + 0/) , ))+ 0 + )+ +/; )) <+- + +/; , /+/++.

T, -,0- , ),9)+ =; +):. I ;0 <)- 0 +),9)+ , -,0- , +: 0,/09+ +/0/)-+ <+- )::,-* ) /+0/@ 0/ + ;0/ 0<- +:)+@ /+09+ ++ /0 + =0>.

•  Suppress Repeated 5ey 3alues

T, -,0- , ):0 ),9)+ =; +):@ <, +)- ) <+- + +/; , +>++@0-:; + ,/ +; 0/ +/,,0- , ,:);+ 0/ +) )/)+/,, )- )-; ),,0-):,+-,): +; 0/ +/,,0- )/+ /++.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 5"

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Q+/; D+,-,,0- P/0+/,+

•  Display S!alin* Fa!tors #or 5ey Fi*ures

T, -,0- +-)=:+ ;0 0 ,-:+ )-; ):,-* )0/ +,-+ ,- + /0< 0/ 0:-+)+/ 0/ +>):+@ 1"" USD.

•  Display Do!u/ent 'in%s

I ;0 ),9)+ , -,0-@ ;0 )9+ )+ 0 0+- :,- ,-* + +>/) ;=0:) , ,:);+ ,- + /+:+9)- 0=+ <,,- + /+0/. A ) /+/+,,+@ ) 0+-) 0 +>, ):/+); 0/ )- 0=+ ,- + A,-,/)0/ %0/=+-. T+ ,-0/),0- ,,:);+ ,- ) +)/)+ =/0<+/ <,-0<.

•  Display Dra* and Relate 'in%s

T+ D/)*JR+:)+ -,0- +-)=:+ ;0 0 +>++ /)-),0- /0 )- SAP R3 ;+0/ )- +>+/-): ;+ /0 <,,- + E-+//,+ P0/):.

T+ -=+/ 0/) )/+) ,-:+ + 0::0<,-*

•  Results $osition

Y0 + , -,0- 0 +,-+ + 0,,0- ,- <, + /+: )/+) , ,:);+ <otto/>Ri*ht, .op>'e#t, <otto/>'e#t, 0/  .op>Ri*ht;

•  Display o# B>& Si*ns

T, , <+/+ ;0 ++/,-+ 0< -+*),9+ 9):+ )/+ ,:);+ %, + ,- ,*- =+0/+ + 9):+ &M-=+/@ )+/ + 9):+ M-=+/&@ 0/ <, + 9):+ ,- )/+-++M-=+/.

•  Display or Suppression o# Cero Rows and "olu/ns

Y0 )9+ + 0::0<,-* 0,0- <, /+*)/ 0 + ,:); 0 ?+/0 9):+  Display Ceros,

 Ceros Without "urren!y>Unit, Suppress Ceros, Show Ceros as. %, + 0,0- Show

 Ceros as@ ;0 )- +-+/ ;0/ 0<- 9):+ 0/ +> ) , ,:);+ ,- :)+ 0 ?+/0.A:+/-),9+:;@ ;0 )- /+ ?+/0 /0< )- 0:- 0*++/.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 51

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Q+/; D+,-,,0- P/0+/,+

3. T+ S+,, )= )::0< ;0 0 /+:+)+ OLE DB 0/ OLAP +/+ =; +,-* + :)*@ ,;0 <)- 0 +9):)+ )) /0 + B% ,-* 3 / )/; 00:. A:: )/)+/,, )- +;,*/+ )/+ +- /)-+//+ ,-+ + /+:+)+ 0 , ,-+/)+ 0+/ ) -0/):,?+ +0 0/)+,-* B% )) ,-* ) /+:+9)- F/0-+- /++-),0- 00:.

4. T+ D0+- =0- )- =+ + 0 :)- +  Do!u/ent Query Ele/ent  ,):0* =0>@ /0 <+/+ ;0 )- ,:); )- +>,,-* 0+-@ 0/ /+)+ 0/ ,0/ ) -+< 0+-/0 ,/00 %0/@ ,/00 E>+:@ +. Y0 )- ,- ++ 0+- ,- + +)))/+0,0/; 0 + A,-,/)0/ %0/=+-. T+; )/+ ,:);+ +/+ /09,+ +; <+/+/+)+ <, )- +,0/ )- )/+ ) =+,-* 0-:,-+ 0+-),0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 52

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Q+/; D+,-,,0- P/0+/,+

%.2 Query here0sed ist

Y0 )9+ + 0,0- ,- + Query Desi*ner   0 ,:);,-* ) <+/+&+ :, 0/ + +/;

+,-,,0- ,- <0/=00 )- 9,+<. T0 0 ,@ 00+ + Query Where&Used 'ist   ;=0:/0 + Q+/; D+,*-+/ 00:=)/.

%.3 De$eting Query -4ects

B; 00,-* D+:++ @ ;0 )- /+09+ + +/; +,-,,0- /0 SAP BE>@ + BE> Q+/;D+,*-+/@ )- ):0 /0 + SAP +-. Y0 <,:: =+ /0+ 0 0-,/ + +:+,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 53

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E>+,0-

5. Exce*tions

T+ -,0- ,- +>+,0- /+0/,-* +-)=:+ ;0 0 +:+ )- ,*:,* -): +9,),0- 0 +;,*/+ 9):+ ,- ) +/;. Y0 )- ++ +9,),0- /0 /+&+,-+ /+0: 9):+ 0/ ,-+/9): ,-+ +/; /+: ,:);+ ,- ,+/+- 0:0/ , + +>+,0- , ),9+. S0,-* ++ +9,),0-

+)/:; /09,+ + =), 0/ ,+:; )- ++,9+ /+),0-.

5.1 Creating Exce*tions

1. Y0 /+)+ )- +>+,0- ,- + Q+/; D+,*-+/ ,-* + ;=0: )- +:+,-* N+< E>+,0-.

2. I- +  De#inin* Ex!eptions ,):0* =0>@ ) +)-,-*:  Des!ription )- =+ +,,+)- + +,-+ +>+,0- )- =+ + 0  !tive. T+ +>+,0- , ):,+ ) 00- ) + +/;, +>++. I + ),9+ :)* , -0 +@ + +>+,0- )- =+ ),9)+ ,- + /+0/ ,+:. I-

+ BE> A-):;?+/@ /0 + B% 00:=)/  'ayout Display Ex!eptions +/+ )- 0,0- 0/),-* )- ),,0-): :,-+ =+<++- + ,:+/ )- + /+: )/+) 0/ +) +>+,0- )-),9),-* 0/ +),9),-* + +>+,0- /0 +/+.

3. E>+,0- )- =+ + 0 +9):)+ 0-+ 0/ ):: +; ,*/+ ,- + +/; +,-,,0-. I

+>+,0- <+/+ 0 =+ + +:+,9+:; 0- +,, +; ,*/+ ,- + +/; +,-,,0-@ )-+>+,0- ) 0 =+ +,-+ 0/ +) +; ,*/+ )0/,-*:;.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 54

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E>+,0-

4. O- + Ex!eption 3alues )=@ +-+/ + 9):+ =; ,/ 00,-*  New. A- ):+/ :+9+:/0< ):<); 0-, 0 ) Fro/ ,+:@ ) .o ,+: )- )- lert 'evel  ,+:. I + Fro/ 0/ +.o ,+: 9):+ )/+ :+ +;@ , *,9+ )- ,-,-,+ 9):+ +,-,,0-. C00+ .rans#er  0 )+ +-/,+ 0 + :, 0 /+0: 9):+.

A- )0/0+ )+/ + 9):+ +)- :,:; =; ) 0)-@ <0 +)- :,:; =; ) ,::,0-)- /++ +)- :,:; =; ) ,::,0- 0/ +>):+ 1 1@""" )- 1@5 1@5""@"""

5. B; +,-,-* 9)/,)=:+ ) /+0: 9):+@ ;0 )- ,-:+-+ +,-+ +>+,0-:+>,=:;. Y0 )- )::0)+ + )9),:)=:+ ):+/ :+9+: ) ;0 <,. Y0 )- + + ):+/ 0:0//+@ ;+::0< )- */++-@ +) ,- /++ )+@ ) /+,/+. T+ 0:0/ /+:)+ 0 + 0:0/)/)+/,, 9):+ 0 + 0/) +:)+ +:,9+/+ =; SAP )- ;=0:,?+ /), :,*

0:0/.

6. O- + "ell Restri!tions )= )*+@ ;0 )- +,; <++/ ) /+/,,0- <, /+*)/0 + + 0 + +>+,0- ):,+ Only  0 + .otals  +): +,-* 0/ 0  ll   9):++/+0/+ -0 ) /+/,,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 55

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E>+,0-

Y0 )- 00+ New 0 +,-+ )- 0+/)0/ 0/ +) )/)+/,, ,- + +/; +,-,,0-@ )-) 9):+ 0/ +) 0+/)0/. Y0 ):0 00+ .rans#er  +/+ 0 ) ;0/ /+/,,0- 0 + :,.

7. Y0 )9+ + 0::0<,-* +:+,0- 0,0- 0/ + 0+/)0/

 Everythin*   T+ +:: 0-+> , -0 /+/,+. T+ +>+,0- ):,+ 0/ +9+/; /,::0<-)+ 0 + )/)+/,,.

.otals Only  T+ +>+,0- )+ 0-:; + )**/+*)+ 9):+ 0 + )/)+/,,.

 Everythin* Ex!ept .otals  T+ +>+,0- )+ ):: 9):+ +>+ 0/ + )**/+*)+ 9):+0 + )/)+/,,.

Fixed 3alue  T+ +>+,0- ):,+ 0-:; 0 ) +,, )/)+/,, 9):+ 0 +)/)+/,,@ <, ;0 )- ++/,-+ ,- + +)/ +: ,- + 9):+,+:. Y0 )- ):0 + ) )/)+/,, 9):+ 9)/,)=:+ +/+. T0 0 ,@+:+ V)/,)=:+ E-/;. Y0 )/+ +- *,9+- + 0,0- 0 ,-* 0/ /+),-* )-+< 0-+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 56

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E>+,0-

 'evel   T+ +>+,0- ):,+ 0-:; 0 +,, ,+/)/; :+9+: 0 + )/)+/,,. Y0+-+/ + /+,/+ ,+/)/; :+9+: ,- + 9):+ ,+: +/+.

 N0+ ) ;0 )9+ 0 :, ):: )/)+/,, ) ;0 +,-+ ,- + "ell Restri!tions  ,- +/,::0<- 0 + /+0/@ ,-+ + +>+,0- )+ ++ 0-:; +-. I +/+ , ) )/)+/,,

,- + /,::0<- ) , -0 /+0/+ ,- + +:: /+/,,0-@ + ++ ) + +>+,0- )++- 0- <++/ ;0 +:++ .otals Only 0/ ll  0- + "ell Restri!tions )= )*+. I ;0+:++ ll @ , 0+ -0 )+/ <+/+ ;0 ,-+*/)+ + )/)+/,, ,- + /,::0<-@ ++>+,0- , ):,+ )0/,-*:;. H0<+9+/@ , ;0 +:++ .otals Only@ ;0 )9+ 0 :)+, )/)+/,, ) + +- 0 + /,::0<-@ 0+/<,+ + +>+,0- 0+ -0 )+ ++.

5.2 Changing and De$eting Exce*tions

1. Y0 )- )-*+ +>+,0- ,- + Q+/; D+,*-+/ ,-* + ;=0: )- +:+,-*C)-*+ E>+,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 57

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E>+,0-

2. I ;0 <)- 0 +:++ 0/ )-*+ ) :, +/;@ ,*:,* + +-/; ,-* + /0/ )-00+ D+:++@ 0/ O# , ;0 <)- 0 )+ )-*+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 58

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C0-,,0-

6. Conditions

B; +,-,-* 0-,,0- ;0 )9+ + 0,0- 0 )-):;?,-* + +/; /+: ,- 0/+ +),:. Y0 )-)-):;?+ 0=,-),0- 0 )/)+/,, ,-* /)-+ :,@ +/+=; ,:);,-* + +- =+0+/ =; ):+ /+9+-+@ 0/ +>):+. B; +,-,-* 9):+ :,, ;0 )- ,:); ):: +; ,*/+

9):+ )=09+ 0/ =+:0< ) +/),- 9):+. T+ )) , /+/,+ )0/,-*:; ,- + /+: )/+) 0 ++/;@ 0 ) ;0 0-:; ++ + )/+) ) ,-+/+ ;0. Y0 )- +,-+ :,:+ 0-,,0- 0/ )+/;@ )- +- ),9)+ 0/ +),9)+ + ,- + /+0/ ,+: 0 /+)+ ,+/+- 9,+< 0 + )).

6.1 Defining Conditions

1. Y0 )- )+ /+/,,0- 0 the Query Desi*ner @ ,-* "ondition  . A ) /+/+,,+@ ;0 )9+ 0 )9+ /+)+ ) +/; +,-,,0- 0/ <, 0-+ 0/ 0/+ 0-,,0-)- =+ +,-+.

2. I- +  De#ine "ondition ,):0* =0>@ ;0 )- +,; ) +)-,-*:  Des!ription )-+ + 0-,,0- 0 !tive. I + 0-,,0- ) + )  !tive@ , , + ,- + /+0/ )00- ) ;0 +>++ + +/;. I ;0 0 -0 + + ),9+ :)*@ ;0 )- ),9)+ + 0-,,0-

,- + /+0/ ,+:. I- + BE> A-):;?+/@ /0 + B% 00:=)/  'ayout Display "onditions

;0 ):0 )9+ + 0,0- 0 ),-* )- ),,0-): :,-+ =+<++- + ,:+/ )- /+: )/+) 0/+) 0-,,0- )- ),9),-* 0/ +),9),-* + 0-,,0- /0 +/+.

I ;0 /+/, 0-,,0- 0/ ) /+0/ 0  Sin*le "hara!teristi!  0/ "o/binations o#

"hara!teristi!@ ;0 )9+ 0 +-/+ ) + )/)+/,, 0/ + 0=,-),0- 0 )/)+/,,, ,-+*/)+ ,-0 + /+0/ /,::0<- 0/ + +,-+ /+/,,0- 0 )+ ++.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 5$

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C0-,,0-

3. I- + D,:); all values #or whi!h at least one o# the #ollowin* !ondition applies @00+ New 0 +:+ ) #+; F,*/+ 0/ <, ) 0-,,0- , 0 =+ +. I- + +0- ,+:@;0 )- ++ + 0+/)0/ 0/ +,;,-* 9):+ +,-,,0-. C00+ .rans#er   0 ) ;0/+-/,+ 0 + :, 0 0-,,0- )- 00+  New  0 +,-+ 0/+ 0-,,0-. S)9+ ;0/0-,,0- =; 00,-* O5  )- ;0 )- +- ,:); ;0/ /+0/ ,- + BE> A-):;?+/ 0/ ,-+ =/0<+/.

A 0-,,0- /0< 0-, 0/ ) +; ,*/+@ )- 0+/)0/@ )- ) 9):+ 0/ + 0+/)0/. I- +/;+,-,,0- ) 0-),- <0 //+@ +/+ , )- ),,0-): ,+: 0/ +,-,-* ) //):00-+-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 6"

D++/,-+0-,,0- 0//+0: 9):+0/ /)-+ :,

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C0-,,0-

T+ 0::0<,-* 0+/)0/ )- =+ + 0/ /+0: 9):+ 0-,,0-

 E=ual to  E>):+ I-0,-* 0/+/ +): 1"""

 Not E=ual to  E>):+ L,-+ I+ -0 +): 0 5

 'ess than  E>):+ R+9+-+ :+ +- 1""@"""

reater than  E>):+ I-0,-* 0/+/ */+)+/ )- 1@"""@"""

 'ess than or e=ual to  E>):+ R+9+-+ :+ )- 1""@"""

 <etween  E>):+ S):+ /00@ <, + 0,0- 0 +,-,-* ++ ,-* ) 9)/,)=:+ /++

 Not <etween  E>):+ S):+ /0 0 +>:+ /0 ,:);@ <, + 0,0- 0 +,-,-*++ 9):+ :+>,=:; ) /-,+

I- + 9)/,)=:+ +,-,,0-@ +:+ 3ariable Entry. Y0 )/+ +- *,9+- + 0,0- 0 00,-*

)- +>,,-* 9)/,)=:+ /0 + /00<- =0>@ )-*,-* + 9)/,)=:+ 0/ /+),-* )  New3ariable;

4. T+ 0::0<,-* 0+/)0/ 0/ /)-+ :, -,0- )- =+ + 0 +,-+ 9)/,)=:+/+0: 9):+

.op N   E>):+ D,:); R+9+-+ 0 0 5 0+/

 <otto/ N   E>):+ D,:); + =00 3 :0<+ ,-0,-* 0/+/

.op 7 & E>):+ R+/,,0- 0 2" 0 + =+ /+9+-+@ ,- 0/+/ 

 <otto/ 7 & E>):+ L, 0 15 0 + 0+/ <, + :0<+ ):+ /+9+-+@ ,- 0/+/ 

.op Su/  E>):+ A :, 0 /0 <, + ,*+ ):+ /+9+-+ <+/+ + 0): ):+/+9+-+ )+ 2"@""". A:: ):+ /+9+-+ )/+ 0/+ ,- ++-,-* 0/+/ )-+- + , )::)+ -,: + /+0: 9):+ 0 2"@""" , +>+++. A:: /0@ ,-:,-* + /0 ) )+ + ):+ 90:+ 09+/ + 2"@""")/@ )/+ :,+.

 <otto/ Su/  E>):+ A <, T0 S@ ) /)-+ :, , 0/+ ,- )+-,-* 0/+/ 0 /0 <, + :0<+ ):+ /+9+-+ -,: ) */+)+/ )- 0/ +): 02"@""" , /+)+. A:: /0@ ,-:,-* + /0 ) )+ + 09+/ + 2"@""" )/ )/+ ):0 :,+ +/+.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 61

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C0-,,0-

6.2 Changing and De$eting Conditions

1. T0 )-*+ +>,,-* 0-,,0-@ ,- + Query Desi*ner @ 00+ "ondition  C)-*+C0-,,0-.

 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( P)*+ 62

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C0-,,0-

2. T+ Sele!tion ,):0* ,:);. H,*:,* + /+,/+ 0-,,0- )- 0-,/ <, O5 .I- + De#ine "ondition ,):0* =0>@ -+< 0-,,0- )- =+ )+ 0 + :, =; +:+,-* + New "ondition 0,0-@ 0/ ,*:,* +>,,-* 0-,,0- )- +:+ + O5  =0- 0 )-*+ 0/+ Delete =0- 0 +:++ +.