aegean art
DESCRIPTION
Aegean Art. Bronze Mirror Back—Judgment of Paris , Etruscan, bronze, c 400-300 BC. Lucas Cranach, The Judgment of Paris , oil on board, 1528. Peter Paul Rubens, The Judgment of Paris , oil on canvas, 1636. The Judgment of Paris , Sevres porcelain, c 1750. Map of Aegean Sea. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Aegean Art
Bronze Mirror Back—Judgment of Paris, Etruscan, bronze, c 400-300 BC
Lucas Cranach, The Judgment of Paris, oil on board, 1528
Peter Paul Rubens, The Judgment of Paris, oil on canvas, 1636
The Judgment of Paris, Sevres porcelain, c 1750
Map of Aegean Sea
Three main cultures of the Aegean Cycladic on the Cyclades Minoan on Thera and Crete Helladic including the Mycenaean on the
Mainland
Bronze Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin The discovery of bronze marks the end of
the Neolithic Period in every culture For the peoples of the Aegean, copper and
tin were imported from Europe, Africa and Arabia
The islands of Naxos and Paros had fine sources of white marble which would be transported throughout the islands for sculpture
Two Figures of Women, Cyclades, c 2500-2200 BC, Marble*
Figures of male are rare in Cycladian art
The rare male figures depict actual activities
Seated Harp Player* and Flute Player, Cyclades, c 2700-2500 BC, marble
Woman and Man, Cernavoda, Romania c. 3500 BCE, ceramic 4.5” *
Minoan Civilization By 3000 BC, Bronze Age people were living on Crete, the
largest of the Aegean Islands Crete was economically self sufficient with cattle, grains,
olives and fruits Between 1900-1375 BC, a distinctive culture flourished on
Crete The culture was named Minoan by Sir Arthur Evans who
discovered several large structures on Crete in 1900 He named the culture after King Minos whom, according to
legend, ruled from a palace called Knossos and kept a half man, half bull monster, the minotaur, eventually slain by Theseus of Athens
Written Records The Minoan culture developed its own form
of hieroglyphics and script called Linear A Linear A has defied translation Most written records are known from a
language called Linear B, from mainland Greece, but the information is limited to transportation and tax records
The Old Palace Period 1900-1700 BC The site of the palace of Knossos was first
excavated in 1900 AD by Sir Arthur Evans The site had been occupied by Neolithic
cultures, later replaced by Bronze Age buildings The large structures led Evans to call them
palaces but the original purpose remains unknown
Structures were made of rubble and mud brick with finished, dressed stone
Minoan Pottery Kamares Ware Jug, Crete,
Old Palace Period, c 2000-1900 BC, ceramic*
Around 2000 BC, Minoans began to use a pottery wheel and developed highly colored glazes
Minoan pottery was highly sought after in the ancient world and examples have been found as far away as Egypt and Syria
Metal Work—Pendant of Gold Bees, Crete, Old Palace Period, c 1700-1550 BC, gold*
By 1700, Minoan goldsmiths were producing extremely fine gold objects
Minoan style jewelry typically depicts natural objects, but distills them to simple geometric forms creating a very stylish look
The Minoans very likely acquired some of their smithing skills from the Egyptians
New Palace Period c 1700-1450 BC A volcanic eruption at Thera caused many
earthquakes throughout the Aegean regions that destroyed many Old Palace structures
Many structures, like Knossos, were rebuilt and enlarged
Aerial view of Knossos, c 2000-1375 BC, Crete
Wall Painting Wall paintings were used to decorate large
houses and palaces The paintings were typically large murals with
geometric borders surrounding scenes of nature or every day life
The method employed was fresco—fresco is a technique where one is painting directly onto raw plaster using egg-based tempuras or warm waxes
Preferred colors were yellow, black, red, green and blue
The Dolphin Mural, Knossos, c 1550-1450 BC
The Saffron Gatherers, Thera, c 1630 BC, fresco
Young Girl Gathering Saffron Crocus Flowers, Thera, c 1630 BC, fresco*
Bull Leaping, Knossos, Crete, c 1550-1450 BC, fresco
Woman or Goddess with Snakes, New Palace Period, Crete, c 1700-1550 BC, faience*
Surviving Minoan sculpture consists mainly of small wood, ivory or ceramic objects
Females brandishing snakes are among the most characteristic objects
These objects may have been associated with water, regeneration and protection
Octopus Flask, New Palace Period, marine style ceramic, c 1500-1450 BC*
Vapheio Cup, Sparta, Greece, c 1650-1450 BC, gold*
The Helladic Period 3000-1000 BC The term Helladic is used to designate the
Aegean Bronze Age on the mainland of Greece This period runs concurrent with the Cycladic and
Minoan periods Greek speaking peoples probably came from the
northwest into mainland Greece When the Minoan culture declined starting in 1450
BC, the people of a late Helladic culture called Mycenaean, after the city of Mycenae, occupied Crete and Greece and rose to dominate the Aegean
Helladic Architecture Mycenaean architecture is very distinct
from that of the Minoans The Mycenaeans built huge megalithic
citadels or fortresses as well as huge vaulted stone tombs
The citadel of Mycenae appears in Homer’s epic The Iliad as the home of Agamemnon
Location of Mycenae
Reconstruction of Mycenae
Mycenae
Lion Gate, Mycenae, Greece, c 1250 BC, limestone*
A Mycenaean tomb—called tholos
Like the Egyptians, the Mycenaeans loaded their tombs with treasure
Mask of Agamemnon, Mycenae, Greece, c 1600-1550 BC gold*
More funeral masks
Two Women with a Child, Mycenae, Greece, c 1400-1200 BC, ivory*
Warrior Vase, Mycenae, Greece, c 1300-1000 BC, ceramic*