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Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military aircraft. 3. Identify the types of rockets and missiles.

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Page 1: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Aerospace Vehicles

Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles.

1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft.

2. Identify the types of military aircraft.

3. Identify the types of rockets and missiles.

Page 2: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Subcategories• Air carrier aircraft: Civilian aircraft flown by

airlines on a regular basis.• General aviation aircraft: All civilian aircraft

used for other than government or air carrier purposes.

• Government aircraft: All civilian aircraft used by any federal, state, or local government agency other than the military.

Page 3: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Air Carriers• The companies generally referred to as

commercial airlines.• Commuter air carriers and carriers that

transport only cargo. • Considered common carriers along with the

railroads, bus lines, and steamships; because they serve the public, they are very closely regulated and controlled.

Page 4: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Major Carriers• The 12 largest air carriers with at least $1

billion in annual operating revenue. • Among the oldest airlines in the United States,

some dating back to the Kelly Act of 1925 and the McNary–Watres Act of 1930.

• Most major air carriers also fly medium or short-length “feeder” routes between medium-size cities and large metropolitan areas.

Page 5: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Lockheed Constellation

Page 6: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Travel Time

Page 7: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Boeing 747

Page 8: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Boeing 707

Page 9: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• McDonnell Douglas DC-8• The first DC-8s also flew in the late 1950s and

like the 707s have undergone many model changes.

• The 60 Series is a stretched version and can carry up to 259 passengers.

• The last version, Series 70, had different engines that improved efficiency. The last aircraft was delivered in 1972.

Page 10: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Lockheed L-1011

Page 11: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Airbus A-300

Page 12: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• National Carriers• This category includes those airlines that have

revenues greater than $100 million and less than $1 billion.

• National carriers normally fly short to medium routes to cities that do not generate large numbers of passengers.

• The number of airlines classified as national carriers changes almost monthly. There are currently 32 national carriers listed in the United States.

Page 13: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Boeing 727

Page 14: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Boeing 737

Page 15: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• McDonnell Douglas DC-9/MD-80

Page 16: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Boeing 757

Page 17: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Busy Skies

Page 18: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Regional/Commuter Carriers• This category includes airlines with operating

revenues less than $100 million. • The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 was good

for the regional commuter carriers. • The average trip length for commuter airlines is

about 100 miles with an average passenger load of 10.

• Regional air carriers are divided into three subgroups.

Page 19: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• General Aviation• This segment is the largest in terms of number

of aircraft, pilots, and miles flown.• In 1999, the general aviation fleet flew a total

of 28.1 million hours compared to 13.6 million hours by U.S. air carriers.

• General aviation came to the rescue when Hurricane Andrew hit southern Dade County, Florida.

Page 20: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• General Aviation• General aviation aircraft are divided into four

categories: business aviation, instructional aviation, personal aviation, and commercial aviation.

Page 21: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Business Aviation• This category, in terms of hours flown,

accounts for 27 percent of the total hours flown by general aviation aircraft.

• This includes all general aviation flying done specifically for business purposes using aircraft owned by the business. It is usually divided into two groups according to who is flying the aircraft.

Page 22: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Instructional Aviation• Instructional aviation deals with aircraft used

specifically to teach someone to fly. It accounts for about 16 percent of all hours flown.

• 95 percent of the instructional aircraft have single, reciprocating engines, but there must be an instructional aircraft for every type of flying.

• An individual wanting to fly must go to a certified flight instructor (CFI).

Page 23: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Cessna 152• Basic trainer that replaced the time-proven

Cessna 150. • The Cessna 152 is 24 feet long, has a 33-foot

wingspan, and has a maximum gross weight of 1,670 pounds. At 800 feet, using 75 percent power, the 152 will cruise at 100 mph for about 650 miles.

Page 24: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Personal Aviation• The decade of the 80s was devastating for

personal aviation. • The production of aircraft fell from a high of

17,811 in 1978 to a low of 1,085 in 1987.• Many of the companies, such as Beech, Cessna,

and Piper were either not producing personal aircraft or limited the number of models produced.

Page 25: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Cessna 172 Skyhawk• This aircraft was built by Cessna Aircraft

Company with a 160 horsepower engine.• It has fixed landing gear, can carry a payload of

950 pounds, has a cruising speed of 135 mph, and has a maximum cruising range of 695 miles.

Page 26: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Commercial Aviation• Commercial aviation is another term that causes a lot

of confusion.• A segment of general aviation that uses general

aviation aircraft for hire as a commercial (moneymaking) business.

• Commercial aviation is subdivided into aircraft that produce income by transporting people or cargo on demand (air taxi and charter) and aircraft that generate income with no transportation function involved.

Page 27: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Rental Aircraft• This is the use of an aircraft where a licensed

pilot rents or leases an aircraft for his or her personal use.

• Depending on the aircraft, a rental may cost from $50 per hour to over $1,000 per hour.

Page 28: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Agricultural Aircraft• Currently, almost 6,000 airplanes and 400

helicopters seed, fertilize, and apply pesticides to almost 300 million acres of farmland.

• One airplane can seed more acreage in an hour than a tractor can in a whole day.

• Agricultural aircraft face some very special requirements.

• Helicopters are being used more and more in agricultural applications.

Page 29: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Aerial Advertising• Aircraft towing banners over sporting events, fairs,

and festivals is a common type of advertising. Another example is advertising on blimps like the Goodyear blimp.

• Dirigibles are often leased by one of the major television networks to give an aerial view of major sporting events.

• Another method of advertising that is seen less often is skywriting.

Page 30: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Aerial photography has developed from taking simple pictures from the air to highly specialized photography using special film. • The big advantage of aerial photography is that a

simple picture can cover a large area (often hundreds of square miles).

• Using infrared film and special filters, aerial photography can be used to spot and map crop damage.

Page 31: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Aircraft are used to battle forest fires.• These aircraft are used to deliver people and

equipment into remote areas and to drop fire-retardant chemicals on the blaze.

• Many World War II-type aircraft, such as the TBM torpedo bomber, the B-17, and the PBY Catalina, are used for these missions.

• All of them are very stable, can fly very slowly, and can carry large payloads.

Page 32: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Helicopters are being used in oil fields to carry and place large loads as well as transport people and cargo. This is particularly true for offshore oil rigs.

• The logging operations in Washington and Oregon provide one of the most fascinating uses of helicopters.

Page 33: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Government Aviation• This category includes aircraft operated by any

government agency (federal, state, or local) other than the military services.

• Often, government aviation is placed in the general aviation category. However, government aviation is listed separately for several reasons.

Page 34: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Civilian Aircraft

• Government Aviation• Most federal agencies own and operate aircraft that

are used for a variety of purposes.• The Coast Guard uses many of its aircraft for search

and rescue. They are tasked with the offshore and rescue for downed aircraft as well as vessels in distress.

• National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) operates many types of research aircraft which are used to flight-test new aeronautic concepts.

Page 35: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• It was during World War II that aircraft became an important part of military strategy. The airplane dominated all aspects of warfare, from bombardment to invasion and even naval battles.

• In the age of nuclear weapons, a new type of war has developed--the limited war.

• Military aircraft were developed to deter a major nuclear war and to win a limited war, if necessary.

Page 36: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• Bombers• Strategic bombers are large, long-range aircraft

with a mission to reach into the enemy’s homeland and destroy the ability to wage war.

• Tactical bombing is used to support ground troops on the battlefield.

Page 37: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• B-52 Stratofortress

Page 38: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• B-1B Lancer

Page 39: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• The B-2

Page 40: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• F-15 Eagle

Page 41: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft• F-15E Strike Eagle

• The F-15E Strike Eagle is a dual-role fighter designed to perform air-to-air and air-to-ground missions.• The aircraft uses two crewmembers, a pilot and a weapon systems officer.• One of most important additions to the F-15E is the rear cockpit, reserved for the weapons systems officer.• The F-15’s superior maneuverability and acceleration are achieved through its high engine thrust-to-weight ratio and low-wing loading.• The first production model of the F-15E was delivered to the 405th Tactical Training Wing, Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, in April 1988.

Page 42: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• F-16 Fighting Falcon

Page 43: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• F-117

Page 44: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• F-22 Raptor

Page 45: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• F-14 Tomcat

Page 46: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• F/A-18 Hornet

Page 47: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• Attack Aircraft• This category includes aircraft that are designed for air

support of ground troops.

• Low-altitude bombing and strafing attacks are required to carry heavy loads of various types of weapons.

• They must also be tough enough to withstand heavy enemy ground fire.

Page 48: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• A/OA-10 Thunderbolt II

Page 49: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• AC-130

Page 50: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• AH-1S Huey Cobra

Page 51: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• U-2 Dragon Lady

Page 52: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• E-3 Sentry (AWACS)

Page 53: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• E-4A and E-4B

Page 54: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• RQ-1 Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle A medium-altitude, long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle system.

It is a Joint Forces Air Component Commander-owned theater asset for reconnaissance, surveillance and target acquisition in support of the Joint Force commander.

The RQ-1A/B Predator is a system, not just an aircraft. The fully operational system consists of : - Four air vehicles (with sensors) - Ground control station - Predator primary satellite link communication suite - 55 people

Page 55: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft• Transport and Tankers

• The mission of transport aircraft is to airlift personnel and materiel to wherever they are needed.• They also evacuate the wounded from the battle area.

• Strategic airlift is transportation of personnel or cargo between theaters of operation.• Tactical airlift is transportation within a theater of operation.

• Tanker aircraft are used for in-flight refueling.

Page 56: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• C-130 Hercules

Page 57: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• C-141B-Starlifter

Page 58: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft• C-21A

A twin turbofan engine aircraft used for cargo and passenger airlift.

Can carry 8 passengers and 42 cubic feet of cargo.

The aircraft has a crew of two and may be flown from either cockpit seat.

Page 59: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• C-5 Galaxy

Page 60: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• C-9A/C Nightingale

Page 61: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• C-17 Globemaster III

Page 62: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• KC-10A Extender

Page 63: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• KC-135 Stratotanker

Page 64: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• Sikorsky HH-53 (HH-53)

Page 65: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• UH-1N Huey

Page 66: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft• UH-1N Huey

• A light-lift Air Force utility helicopter used forsupport of DOD contingency plans.

• Primary mission includes:Airlift of emergency security and disaster response forces.Medical evacuation.Security surveillance of off-base movements of nuclear weapons convoys and test range areas during launch conditions.

Page 67: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• WC-130 Hercules

Page 68: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Military Aircraft

• VC-25A Air Force One

Page 69: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• Rocket Pioneers

• Robert Goddard• First to build successful liquid fueled rockets.

• He developed methods for steering rockets, ways to pump propellants, and designs for the combustion chamber and nozzle.

• His work laid the foundation upon which the space age was built and because of this, he has been called the “Father of Modern Rocketry.”

Page 70: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• Rocket Pioneers

• Herman Oberth• He led the German liquid-fuel rocket program in the 1920s and early 1930s.• His research led directly to the German rocket program of World War II and the development of the liquid-fuel V-2 rocket.• The V-2 was a rocket-propelled missile impossible to defend against. It carried a 2,000-pound warhead at speed of about 3,600 mph and had a range of about 220 miles.

Page 71: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• LGM-30F/LGM-30G Minuteman

• A three-stage, solid propellant,

land-based strategic intercontinental

ballistic missile (ICBM) used to

eliminate hostile targets.• The LGM-30 Minuteman has been

the main land-based strategic

deterrent for the U.S. since 1963.

Page 72: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• MGM-118A Peacekeeper

• A strategic intercontinental ballistic missile with multiple independently targeted reentry vehicle used to maintain a stabilizing deterrent posture.• This missile was developed to counter the Soviet Union’s increased hardening of their fixed ICBM silos.

Page 73: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• UGM-96A Trident I/UGM-113A Trident II

• A strategic, Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) maintained a survivable and credible deterrent through the mid 1990s.• The sea-based portion of the triad is the least vulnerable element and its basing in the Pacific severely complicates any hostile ASW detection.

Page 74: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• The Space Age Begins

• On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the world’s first artificial satellite. • The United States realized the same rocket carrying Sputnik could also deliver a nuclear weapon.• In November 1957, President Eisenhower went on television and showed the first U.S. man-made object that survived the heat of reentry and had been recovered.

Page 75: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• ICBM Development

• Plans for the number of ICBM squadrons to be deployed fluctuated wildly throughout 1958 and 1959. • The Atlas flight test program began on June 11, 1957, at Cape Canaveral, Florida. • On September 9, 1959, the Air Force successfully launched a model of the Mercury-Atlas vehicle, thus paving the way for manned orbital space flights.

Page 76: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• ICBM Development

• Thirteen ICBM squadrons of Atlas and six Titan became operational. • Meanwhile, the “missile gap” had faded and emphasis shifted from concern over the numbers of missiles to their reliability and flexibility.• By June 1961, only three of ten Atlas E test flights had been successful.

Page 77: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Rockets and Missiles• ICBM Development

• The first Minuteman flight became operational in October 1962. Eventually, its force grew to 1,000 ICBMs. • By 1965, the Air Force had emerged from its ICBM growing-pain years and had attained maturity. • The number of Air Force ballistic missiles grew to 1,000 operational Minuteman missiles and 54 Titan IIs by the end of the decade.

Page 78: Aerospace Vehicles Know the types of civilian and military aerospace vehicles. 1. Identify the types of civilian aircraft. 2. Identify the types of military

Summary

1. Civilian Aircraft

2. Military Aircraft

3. Rockets and Missiles