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Antineoplastics and Immunomodulating Agents

EO 003.01 Part 24

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Overview of Lesson(Insert Dari)

Insert DariAntineoplastic Agents- Imatinib- Methotrexate

Immunomodulating Agents

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What I need to know as a pharmacy technician(Insert Dari)

In this lecture we will cover the drugs listed in the ANA Formulary which are classified according to the ATC system under

(L) Antineoplastics and Immunomodulating Agents

For each of these medications/classes students must obtain an understanding of:

(1) Mechanism of Action

(2) Indications (Uses)

(3) Efficacy

(4) Side Effects

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Antineoplastic Agents(Insert Dari)

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What is Neoplasia (Cancer)?(Insert Dari)

Abnormal cell growth. Can result in the formation of a tumour or invasion of another area of the body.

This is a very wide group of diseases.

Below are a few examples:

- Leukemia (cancer of the bone marrow) - Lung cancer- Breast cancer- Prostate cancer

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Tumour of the left lung(Insert Dari)

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Imatinib (Insert Dari

Mechanism of Action

Stops abnormal cell growth. Can also affect healthy cells which lead to side effects.

IndicationUsed to treat cancer (mainly leukemia and stomach cancer).

Side Effects•Signs of infection (fever chills) •Trouble thinking clearly •Weight gain •Swelling in the limbs•Liver problems. •Abnormal bruising or bleeding

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Imatinib (Insert Dari

Important Information• This medication is taken orally.• Take this drug at the same time of

day.• Take this drug with food.• Be sure to drink lots of water while

taking this medication.

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Methotrexate(Insert Dari)

Mechanism of Action Interferes with the synthesis of folic acid in cells undergoing abnormal growth, which prevents cell replication.

Indications (Use)

• It is used to treat arthritis.

• It is used to treat cancer.

• It is used to treat leukemia.

• It is used to treat psoriasis.

• It is used to treat bowel disease.

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Methotrexate(Insert Dari)

Side Effects• Anemia• Increased risk of infection• Upset stomach• Loss of appetite• Diarrhea• Mouth sores• Headache• Hair loss• Harm to the liver or kidney

Important PointsPatients will be more sensitive to the sun. Contraindicated in pregnancy.

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Immunostimulants(Insert Dari)

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Interferon Alpha(Insert Dari)

Mechanism of Action

Increases immune response.

Indications (Use)

• It is used to treat cancer.

• It is used to treat genital warts.

• It is used to treat hepatitis B and C infections.

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Interferon Alpha(Insert Dari)

Side Effects• Flu-like symptoms (aches, fever,

chills). • Anemia. • Low mood. • Dry mouth. • Loss of Appetite. • Feeling lightheaded. • Upset stomach

Important Points• Contraindicated in pregnancy.

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Questions? (Insert Dari)

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In-class Assignment(Insert Dari)

This assignment will consist of 2 questions which are to be completed individually. Once complete the instructor will review the answers with the class.

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1. What is a neoplasia (cancer)?(Insert Dari)

A) Abnormal cell metabolism

B) Abnormal cell growth resulting in tumours or invasion of cells into another area of the body.

C) Abnormal cell movement

D) Abnormal cell function

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1. Answer: What is a neoplasia (cancer)?(Insert Dari)

A) Abnormal cell metabolism

B) Abnormal cell growth resulting in tumours or invasion of cells into another area of the body.

C) Abnormal cell movement

D) Abnormal cell function

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2. How does Methotrexate work? (Insert Dari)

A) Interferes with folic acid synthesis

B) Interferes with protein synthesis

C) Interferes with cell wall synthesis

D) Causes cell lyses

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2. Answer: How does Methotrexate work? (Insert Dari)

A) Interferes with folic acid synthesis

B) Interferes with protein synthesis

C) Interferes with cell wall synthesis

D) Causes cell lyses

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