affordable housing profile - moreland city council home measure used by government, the social...

Affordable Housing Profile Moreland Affordable Housing Strategy 2014-2018 Attachment 2 D13/294601

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MORELAND AFFORDABLE HOUSING PROFILE

INTRODUCTION

This document is closely related to the Moreland Affordable Housing Strategy 2014-2018. It provides research detail about tenure and affordability in Moreland, which can be used to inform a range of Council strategies and project work.

THE MUNICIPALITY OF MORELAND

The City of Moreland is a local government area within the Greater Melbourne metropolitan area. Moreland lies between 4 and 14 kilometres north of central Melbourne, and is bordered by the Moonee Ponds Creek to the west, Merri Creek to the east, Park Street to the south and the Western Ring Road to the north.

Moreland is comprised of 12 suburbs: Brunswick, Brunswick East/ Fitzroy North, Brunswick West, Coburg, Coburg North, Fawkner, Glenroy, Gowanbrae/Tullamarine, Hadfield, Oak Park, Pascoe Vale and Pascoe Vale South.

The estimated resident population of Moreland was 156,953 in June 2012, with 58,583 households in 2011. Population projections suggest significant growth will occur in Moreland. It is predicted that the Moreland population will increase to 188,447 in 2031 and that there will be 78,036 households in the municipality – an increase of 21.5% between 2011 and 2031. In 2012 there were 63,370 dwellings.

Moreland has one of the most diverse populations in Australia. In 2011, 33.8% of Moreland’s residents were born overseas, of whom 86% come from a Non-English speaking background. The top 10 countries of birth for Moreland residents (excluding Australia) are Italy, India, Greece, United Kingdom, Lebanon, China, New Zealand and Turkey, Pakistan and Nepal.

Further general demographic detail describing the municipality can be viewed at www.moreland.vic.gov.au

An overview of the distribution of income and housing tenure of Moreland residents is described in the following graphic. It highlights the number of households in housing stress.

Housing stress A measure used by government, the social welfare sector and housing researchers which suggests that households who spend more than 30% of their income on housing costs, whether rent or mortgage, are deemed to be living in housing stress. This measure is especially applied to households receiving the lowest 40% of household income for Moreland. For further Moreland data check www.housinginvictoria.com.au

http://www.moreland.vic.gov.au/�

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WHY IS HOUSING AFFORDABILITY AN ISSUE?

The threshold income required to purchase a house in Moreland began to exceed the income required to purchase a house in the Melbourne metropolitan area in 1998.

The “threshold income” housing affordability indicator measures the income required to purchase a moderately priced dwelling in the specified geographical area over specified years. Council draws on www.housinginvictoria.com.au for the calculation which is based on

1. The Valuer-General’s median price data; 2. Using the prevailing housing loan interest rates current for each year (according to

Reserve Bank of Australia data) and assumptions regarding affordability and lending terms, viz. 90% loan limit, a 25 year loan term and mortgage repayment no more than 30% of income, the threshold income required to purchase the median priced dwelling is determined.

3. The threshold income is then indexed to the latest year using CPI. This enables comparisons between years.

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Source : www.housinginvictoria.com.au

The threshold income required to purchase a unit in Moreland became closer to that required in the Melbourne metropolitan area.

There has been a dramatic drop in the proportion of rental stock considered affordable in the municipality since 2000.

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Source : www.housinginvictoria.com.au

TENURE AND DWELLING STRUCTURE IN MORELAND

Historically Moreland has had a very high proportion of residents who own their house outright, and a low proportion of home purchasers with a mortgage. This was partially due to the higher than average proportion of elderly residents in the community, including overseas born residents who gave priority to home ownership (one of the attractions of migrating to Australia). However outright ownership has gradually decreased over the past two decades

Source: ABS Census, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011

Owned outright Being purchased Rented

Moreland - 1991 47.1% 18.9% 27.2%Moreland -1996 47.9% 19.1% 27.4%Moreland -2001 45.4% 19.3% 28.7%Moreland - 2006 36.0% 26.2% 27.6%Moreland - 2011 32.6% 27.6% 32.4%

0%

20%

40%

60%

Housing Tenure, Moreland - 1991-2011

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Source : ABS Census 2011

Moreland’s high home ownership rate belies the relatively low household income distribution; parts of the municipality are still considered disadvantaged by reference to the SEIFA scale. The City of Moreland SEIFA Index of Disadvantage measures the relative level of socio-economic disadvantage based on a range of Census characteristics. It gives a general view of the relative level of disadvantage in one area compared to others and is used to advocate for an area based on its level of disadvantage. The index is derived from attributes that reflect disadvantage such as low income, low educational attainment, high unemployment and jobs in relatively unskilled occupations.

Other major trends worth noting are the declining rate of home ownership in the under 45 year old age group; and the tendency for young adults to defer leaving their family home because of rising housing costs.

Owned outright Being purchased Rented

Brunswick SLA 2011 25.7% 25.2% 46.3%Coburg SLA 2011 37.4% 31.7% 27.3%North SLA 2011 39.1% 29.5% 27.1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Housing Tenure, Moreland SLAs - 2011

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Outright home ownership in Moreland 2011

SA1 Census collection (SA1 level is the smallest geographical area for which Census information is released – replacing mesh

blocks)

Source : id consulting 2013

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Home purchasers with a mortgage in Moreland 2011

SA1 Census collection

(SA1 level is the smallest geographical area for which Census information is released – replacing mesh blocks)


9

Moreland households renting privately 2011


blocks) Source : id consulting 2013

10

Moreland households renting public and community housing 2011



11

Dominant tenure type in Moreland 2011



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The majority of Moreland residents live in detached houses, although there has been increasing resident concern about the encroachment of medium density apartment development.

In 2011 nearly three-quarters of Moreland’s separate houses were either owned outright (43.2%) or being purchased with a mortgage (30.4%).Nearly half of all semi-detached row or terrace houses are rented (45.6%). A further 28.2% are being purchased with a mortgage. Three out of five (62.7%) households living in flats, units or apartments rent their dwelling, compared with 27% who either own outright (9.4%) or are purchasing their dwelling (17.6%).

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CHANGES IN HOUSING COST AND AFFORDABILITY

House, unit and apartment prices have been steadily rising for the past decade. The most dramatic increase occurred between 2006 and 2007, when the median house price increased by 16.7% and the unit/apartment median price increased by 18.9% in one year alone. Prices peaked in 2010 with a median house price for Moreland of $593,000 and $498,000 for the median unit/apartment price. Prices in 2011 and 2012 have seen decreases in the median prices for all dwelling types, with the exception of houses in Brunswick East.

Median Unit/Apartment Price 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % Change

2002-12 Brunswick $375,000 $390,000 $433,000 $433,000 $430,000 $416,000 59.5% Brunswick East

$374,000 $407,500 $482,500 $481,500 $485,000 $455,500 78.6%

Brunswick West

$265,000 $311,500 $351,000 $395,000 $375,000 $393,500 48.5%

Coburg $367,500 $369,000 $390,000 $417,500 $405,000 $412,000 76.2% Coburg North $324,500 $350,000 $335,000 $425,000 $424,000 $440,000 102.8% Fawkner $245.000 $265,000 $322,000 $357,500 $351,500 $373,500 52.5% Glenroy $260,000 $300,000 $365,000 $387,000 $395,000 $375,000 89.4% Gowanbrae N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Hadfield $275,000 $265,000 $350,000 $376,000 $365,000 $310,000 41.0% Oak Park $326,500 $390,000 $400,000 $446,000 $450,000 $424,500 62.6% Pascoe Vale $334,500 $377,500 $399,000 $450,000 $430,000 $420,000 73.7% Pascoe Vale South

$329,000 $320,000 $420,000 $498,000 $465,000 $464,000 101.8%

Moreland $321,000 $355,000 $395,000 $420,600 $417,500 $407,000 74.7%

Median House Price 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % Change

2002-12 Brunswick $525,000 $540,000 $605,500 $695,000 $645,000 $648,000 85.2% Brunswick East

$510,000 $565,000 $630,000 $693,000 $700,000 $700,000 98.6%

Brunswick West

$556,500 $547,500 $600,000 $717,500 $695,000 $680,000 85.3%

Coburg $470,000 $508,500 $530,000 $638,000 $600,000 $587,000 89.0% Coburg North $360,000 $415,500 $450,000 $514,000 $503,500 $462,000 88.6% Fawkner $300,500 $344,000 $381,500 $460,000 $435,500 $401,500 78.4% Glenroy $318,000 $375,000 $420,000 $506,000 $448,000 $430,000 83.0% Gowanbrae $360,000 $414,500 $450,000 $535,000 $555,500 $465,000 75.5% Hadfield $325,000 $375,500 $418,500 $530,000 $480,000 $424,000 81.4% Oak Park $431,000 $470,000 $530,000 $630,000 $535,000 $530,000 73.8% Pascoe Vale $420,500 $450,000 $502,000 $597,500 $542,000 $516,500 77.8% Pascoe Vale South

$450,000 $501,500 $552,000 $655,000 $614,500 $607,000 89.8%

Moreland $420,000 $460,000 $502,750 $593,000 $561,500 $530,000 82.0%

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Note that prices fell in both 2011 and 2012, possibly related to the Global Financial Crisis and tighter access to home loans, and in spite of falling mortgage interest rates. Media around the housing market suggests house prices began to increase again in 2013; however there is too little data yet to substantiate that claim. Similar trends were observed for people buying apartments and units. The median unit/apartment price increased from $91,000 in 1992 to $407,000 in 2012 - an increase of 347.3%. The purchase price of vacant land has shown the largest increase. The median price in 1992 was $45,000 but by 2012 this had jumped to $370,000 – or a whopping 722.2% increase. This has been partly driven by the decreasing availability of vacant land in the municipality, and partly by greater development interest. For those in the private rental market, rents have also increased significantly. The median rental payment for Moreland increased 100% between 2001 and 2011 - from a median weekly rent of $155 in 2001 to $310 in 2011. The highest increase in rent took place in the Brunswick SLA during this period, rising by 108.4%. In recent years rental vacancy rates have been extremely low at around 1-2%, putting further pressure on rental availability and price. Anecdotal evidence suggests that prospective tenants have been offering above advertised rents in order to secure properties, although there is no confirmed data about this. Increased rental costs also delay the capacity of renters to move to home purchase, or put it out of reach entirely. The following chart shows the relative price rises across Moreland suburbs.

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Unfortunately household income has not risen at the same rate as property prices. The following chart shows why more households have felt the impact of rising housing costs.

Source : ABS Census 2011

Brunswick SLA

Coburg SLA North SLA Moreland

Income Increase 77.3% 69.3% 52.7% 66.4%Rent Increase 108.4% 93.9% 93.3% 100.0%Mortgage Increase 100.0% 103.6% 112.8% 109.2%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

% Increase in Median Income, Rent and Mortgage Payments - 2001-2011

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THE INCOME HOUSING LADDER The income housing ladder Annual net household or personal income

Can afford a home purchase price of (rounded):

Affordable weekly rent (30% of household income)

$160,000 $833,750 $923.08 $150,000 $782,250 $865.38 $140,000 $729,750 $807.69 $130,000 $677,250 $750.00 $120,000 $624,750 $692.31 $110,000 $572,250 $634.62 $100,000 $519,750 $576.92

$90,000 $476,250 $519.23 $80,000 $414,750 $461.54

$76,899 Upper initial income level to qualify for NRAS (sole parent and 2 children)

$70,000 $362,250 $403.85 $60,000 $309,750 $346.15 $50,000 $257,250 $288.46

$44,835 Upper initial income to qualify for NRAS (single adult)

$40,000 $204,750 $230.77 $30,000 Will not qualify for loan $173.08 $20,000 Can access public or community housing –

waiting list $115.38

Nothing affordable in private market $10,000 Can access public or community housing –

waiting list $57.69

Nothing affordable in private market Assumptions in home purchase price include:

• 30% of household income is paid towards a mortgage or rent • 20% deposit paid towards a mortgage • interest rates of 6%, 30 year mortgage, paid weekly

Note: In September 2012 to purchase a median price house in Moreland ($600,000) an income of approx $115,000 p.a. was required. To purchase a median price unit in Moreland ($440,000) an income of approx $88,000 p.a. was required. Source www.reiv.com.au For home purchasers other housing costs will apply as well as 30% income spent on mortgage or rent: conveyancing, stamp duty, insurance, rates, maintenance etc Home purchase loan calculations are based on data from the ING Direct calculator. NRAS : National Rental Affordability Scheme 2012-13 Source

www.fahcsia.gov.au

Note that the National Rental Affordability Scheme (NRAS) is a program which aims to engage the private sector by offering tax incentives for the provision of rental stock (new and major refurbishment projects) for a minimum 10 year period. Currently incentives are nearly $10,000 per unit per annum, three quarters funded by the Commonwealth Government, a quarter funded by the State Government. Developers, both private sector and not-for-profit, place bids to the Federal Government for NRAS (www.fahcsia.gov.au).

http://www.reiv.com.au/�

http://www.fahcsia.gov.au/�

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Households with high mortgage repayments (more than $2,600 per month):




18

Households with high rental payments (more than $400 per week)




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DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS AFFECTING HOUSING AFFORDABILITY The latest Census data (2011) suggests a slight reversal of many trends observed over previous Census years. It is too early to establish whether these reversals will establish new trends. There is some evidence that residents may be changing the way they live - possibly because of housing affordability issues. The key trends include the following:

• A rise in the average household size in 2011.

•

The average Moreland household size had been trending downwards for the past two decades and had been predicted to drop even lower in the coming years. Thus an increase in household size was unexpected. In 2006 the average household size was 2.4 persons per household but had it crept up to 2.5 in 2011. A rise in the proportion of group households

• .

• A decrease in the proportion of lone person households. An increase in the number of vehicles per dwelling

•

(potentially indicating adult children staying at home longer). A significant loss of residents aged 60-79 years, mainly private tenants.

•

Analysis shows they have primarily moved to neighbouring municipalities, such as Hume, Darebin and Maribyrnong. Increased ownership and rental costs across the municipality.

Although housing purchase prices and rents over the past decade are highest in the southern half of the municipality, the proportional increase has been greatest in the north (whilst the proportional increase in wages for the same period has been lowest in the north). Although rent and house prices are lower in the north, these residents are more likely to be suffering from housing stress. (See maps later in the document)

HOUSING AFFORDABILITY ISSUES FOR DISADVANTAGED RESIDENTS The housing needs of those who are most socio-economically disadvantaged are a complex issue for Moreland to address. Disadvantaged households are the most vulnerable to changes in the housing market overall as they are less likely to be able to absorb rising costs of housing and other living costs. Typically, the most vulnerable households are:

• Most likely to be private tenants; • Less likely to own their own homes, or have sufficient income to support a mortgage; • Less likely to be able to absorb other living costs (food, utilities, medical costs,

transport) after paying housing costs; • Less likely to be able to relocate in response to rising housing costs, especially those

in social housing.

While Moreland is ranked 8th most socio-economically disadvantaged municipality in metropolitan Melbourne, there are clear pockets of socio-economic disadvantage in the suburbs of Fawkner, Glenroy and Hadfield. These areas have high proportions of vulnerable households including:

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• Low income earners (more than 33% of Fawkner, Hadfield and Glenroy households are in the lowest income quartile, earning less than $624 per week);

• People with low proficiency in English; • Higher proportions of people who speak a language other than English at home; • New migrants, refugees and asylum seekers; • Unemployed and under-employed people on a range of Centrelink benefits; • People with low levels of qualifications, and qualifications not recognised in

Australia; • Higher proportions of single parents; • Higher proportions of older lone person households, both owners and tenants,

compared to other suburbs in Moreland

The immediate impact is that people in the lowest income quartile need to juggle rising housing and utility costs, transport and food costs on very limited incomes. Research shows that many families struggle to find adequate accommodation, and scrimp on items such as basic health care, meals, recreation and warmth in order to make ends meet (Community Indicators; Household Survey; Victorian Population health Survey).

HOUSING STRESS The research definition of housing stress describes those households that are paying more than 30% of their gross weekly income on mortgage or rental payments. However, the straight equation does not adequately capture the level of housing stress experienced by all households. It is also important to factor in the level of income. Those households on below average income paying 30% of their income on housing costs will have significantly less disposable income to cover other living expenses than those on higher incomes. Consequently, the following maps, based on 2011 ABS Census data, show housing stress for those in the lowest 40% of income. The following maps show that the suburbs with the highest proportions of housing stress, both mortgage and rental, are those located in the north of the municipality

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Low income households (lowest 40%) paying more than 30% of income on mortgages




22

Low income households (lowest 40%) paying more than 30% on rent




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SUBJECTIVE REPORTING OF HOUSING STRESS

Another important measure of housing stress is self reported stress. The level of stress caused by housing payments can differ widely because of a number of variables. As noted above, income is clearly a hugely important factor – but this is not universal. For example, high income earners with large families may experience similar stress to lower income families with fewer children. Therefore, allowing respondents themselves to gauge the impact housing payments have made on their financial circumstances, is an important aspect of research.

In the 2011 Moreland Household Survey respondents were asked to state the level of stress housing payments (mortgage or rental payments were having on their families. Results for Moreland overall show 52.9% of respondents stated that they were experiencing moderate stress or above, with nearly one in five households (17.8%) experiencing heavy stress

Source : Moreland Household Survey 2011 The highest proportion of respondents reporting heavy stress were those renting from the Office of Housing (56.3%), followed by those renting privately (26.3%).

3.9%

17.8%

35.1%

29.3%

13.9%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Can't say

Heavy stress

Moderate stress

Low stress

No stress

Self reported Housing Payment Stress - 2011

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Source : Moreland Household Survey 2011

Source : Moreland Household Survey 2011

28.8%

35.0%

29.8%

26.3%

39.1%

22.2%

35.3%

26.8%

23.1%

36.6%

36.4%

36.4%

16.9%

15.0%

8.5%

34.2%

17.4%

16.7%

26.5%

16.1%

17.3%

17.1%

10.9%

9.1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Pascoe Vale South

Pascoe Vale

Oak Park

Hadfield

Gowanbrae

Glenroy

Fawkner

Coburg North

Coburg

Brunswick West

Brunswick East

Brunswick

Housing Payment Stress by Suburb - 2011 Household Survey

Moderate Stress Heavy Stress

18.8%

36.0%

35.6%

56.3%

26.3%

14.4%

0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0%

Renting from Office of Housing

Renting this home

Purchasing home

Housing Payment Stress by Tenure - 2011

Moderate Stress Heavy Stress

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Another subjective measure of stress comes from the Moreland Community Indicators survey, which has been measuring community perception of housing affordability since 2005.

Perception of affordability has steadily declined since the survey’s inception. Although results improved marginally in 2012, probably as a result of record low mortgage interest rates, a small decrease in median house prices and slightly improved tenancy rates occurred. However, the overall decline in affordability is significant. The lowest perception of affordability occurred in 2010, which coincided with the peak in house prices for Moreland.

Source : Moreland Community Indicators Survey 2005-2012

Perceptions of affordability have declined across all tenure groups

Source : Moreland Community Indicators Survey 2005-2012

6866 61

51 57

4552

0102030405060708090

100

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012

It is still affordable to live in the area

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012

Tenant (rent) 65.9% 61.5% 54.8% 49.1% 51.6% 38.5% 45.2%Paying off mortgage 58.1% 64.4% 55.5% 49.2% 45.3% 42.2% 43.7%Home owner 71.1% 63.8% 66.6% 53.3% 62.4% 48.6% 57.2%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Affordable to live in the area by Tenure

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HOMELESSNESS In 2011 the estimated number of homeless and marginally housed was estimated at 770 people in Moreland (Census of Population and Housing 2011). Although it is difficult to gain an accurate profile of homelessness at a municipal level, the demographic trends of homelessness and insecure housing in Moreland are summarised in this section. Delineation of primary, secondary and tertiary homelessness is commonly employed in the interpretation of Australian research because of the complex issues which underlie insecure housing:

• primary homelessness : people without conventional accommodation, such as those living on the streets, in cars or in squats;

• secondary homelessness : people in temporary accommodation such as boarding houses or crisis accommodation; and

• tertiary homelessness - people who live in boarding houses on a medium to long term basis.

Moreland housing agencies report that primary, secondary and tertiary homelessness can all be found in Moreland.

The Australian Institute for Health and Welfare (Media Release July 2013 based on specialist homelessness services reporting for the period July-December 2012) provides a recent snapshot of homelessness in Australia. It shows that almost half (47%) were already homeless when they began receiving support, and over one-fifth (22%) were sleeping without shelter or in an improvised or inadequate dwelling; and that:

• Over 157,000 people Australia-wide used homelessness services in the six month period surveyed.

• Victoria had the most people accessing specialist homelessness services (56,527), followed by NSW (34,936) and QLD (27,132).

• Females were more likely to receive specialist homelessness services than males, with females representing 58% of all clients.

• Women aged 18-44 represented 60% of females seeking assistance and 35% of clients overall.

• The most common reason for seeking assistance was domestic and family violence, reported by 32% of females and a quarter of clients overall.

• 'Financial difficulties' was the second most common reason for seeking assistance-and was more commonly reported among males (17% of males compared with 14% of females).

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people continued to be over-represented as clients of homelessness services.

• Homeless males were more likely than homeless females to be sleeping rough.

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These Australia-wide patterns are likely to be replicated across Moreland. Of particular concern are the reported increases of youth homelessness (Hope Street Youth and Family Services Annual Report 2012) and children in homeless families ending up in inappropriate accommodation e.g. unregistered rooming houses (VincentCare and Women’s Information and Housing Support in the North - meetings with Council). There is also a gender dimension:

• Lower income older single women, who are currently private tenants with little savings or superannuation funds, are more vulnerable to homelessness than men (Dr A Sharam A Predictable Crisis: Older, single women as the new face of homelessness 2011); and

• Men on low incomes, or in situations of homelessness or transitional housing, face difficulties in providing suitable accommodation for children (Moreland Affordable Housing Strategy 2006).

Hope Street notes that the risk of homelessness for young people is increased for those who grew up in poverty, are indigenous, are from non-English speaking backgrounds, have mental health issues or have recently left state care. In recent years Hope Street has experienced an increase in the number of young people entering into the refuge and associated programs from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds:

• 39% in the refuge identify as being from CALD backgrounds; and • 8% of clients identify as being Indigenous (Hope Street Youth and Family Services

Annual Report 2012).

Homelessness estimates from the 2011 Census reveal the following insecure accommodation patterns across Moreland (this data does not necessarily count those who are ‘sleeping rough’)

Persons

who are in

improvised

dwellings, tents or sleeping

out

Persons in

supported

accommodation for the

homeless

Persons staying

temporarily with

other househol

ds

Persons staying

in boarding

houses

Persons in other

temporary lodging

Persons living in

'severely' crowded

dwellings

All homeless

persons

Persons living in

other crowded

dwellings

Persons in other

improvised

dwellings

Persons who are

marginally housed

in caravan

parks

Brunswick - Coburg

9 175 57 55 0 109 405 261 0

Moreland - North

5 141 0 174 374 306 0

Source: ABS Homelessness Estimates, 2011

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RESEARCH GAPS The major gaps in presenting a comprehensive housing profile of Moreland are:

1. Lack of information about housing quality; 2. Lack of information about housing diversity (which needs to be informed by a multi-

disciplinary analysis of housing); 3. The need for more qualitative housing data across Moreland suburbs

(similar to the studies undertaken by RMIT University - Robertson S. and Clark Z., International Students in the City of Moreland, RMIT University Globalism Research Centre, October 2012; and Colic-Peisker V., Robertson S., Phipps P. And Svoboda P Housing, Employment and social cohesion in multicultural neighbourhoods ‘in transition’: A comparative case study from the City of Moreland, RMIT University Globalism Research Centre, 2013)

4. Lack of information about homelessness and insecure forms of accommodation, especially rooming houses (registered and unregistered) and a resident profile; and

5. Access to more comprehensive tenancy and stock data about public and community housing.

CONCLUSION -SCOPE OF THE HOUSING AFFORDABILITY PROBLEM IN MORELAND TENANTS : HOUSING AFFORDABILITY NEED AFFORDABLE HOUSING ASSETS APPROXIMATELY 6054 HOUSEHOLDS (WHO RECEIVE BELOW MEDIAN INCOME) SPEND MORE THAN 30% OF THEIR INCOME ON RENT (2011) 8253 PEOPLE RECEIVE RENT ASSISTANCE (2012) 779 HOMELESS PEOPLE (2011)

2002 PUBLIC HOUSING DWELLINGS (2012) 190 COMMUNITY HOUSING DWELLINGS (2012) 300+ NATIONAL RENTAL AFFORDABILITY SCHEME DWELLINGS EXISTING AND PROPOSED (2013)

The predicted long term impact of Moreland’s housing profile, if no action is taken by all levels of government, is that:

• Outright home ownership rates will continue to fall; • Tenants on lower incomes are likely to be displaced to cheaper housing beyond

Moreland; noting that older single female households are most vulnerable to increasing housing costs and most at risk of homelessness;

• Tenants who aspire to purchase houses or apartments in Moreland will require above median incomes;

• Lower income households may no longer be able to live in close proximity to other family members, social networks and public transport;

• Public and community housing waiting lists will lengthen; and • There will be more homelessness, couch surfing, people sleeping in cars and

increased need for emergency and transitional housing.

29

REFERENCES Moreland City Council

- -

Moreland Community Indicators Survey

Household Survey

Websites www.ahuri.edu.au – Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute - a national not-for-profit independent research network, specialising in housing and homelessness research www.dhs.vic.gov.au

Department of Human Services, information about public housing, community housing, private renter assistance and homelessness

www.fahcsia.gov.au

Federal Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, information about the National Rental Affordability Scheme

www.grattan.edu.au –housing trends and preferences across Melbourne www.housingregistrar.vic.gov.au

- listing of Housing Associations and Housing providers

www.housinginvictoria.com.au

- an interactive website providing data on housing and housing affordability indicators in many Victorian municipalities

www.idconsulting.com.au

– detailed population and housing profiles of Moreland

www.moreland.vic.gov.au/about Moreland/City statistics

www.nhsc.org.au - The National Housing Supply Council, established in 2008, to assist the Federal Government improve housing supply and affordability for home buyers and renters. www.reiv.com.au – property prices, rental data, interactive maps

www.socialstatistics.com.au - housing data section

http://www.ahuri.edu.au/�

http://www.grattan.edu.au/�

http://www.idconsulting.com.au/�

http://www.moreland.vic.gov.au/about�

http://www.nhsc.org.au/�

http://www.reiv.com.au/�

http://www.socialstatistics.com.au/�

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