afghanistan: extreme winter characterization€¦ · kabul kandahar kapisa khost kunar kunduz...
TRANSCRIPT
P A K I S T A N
I R A N
T U R K M E N I S T A N
U Z B E K I S T A N T A J I K I S T A N
Badakhshan
Badghis
Baghlan
Balkh
Bamyan
Daykundi
Farah
Faryab
Ghazni
Ghor
Hilmand
Hirat
Jawzjan
Kabul
Kandahar
Kapisa
Khost
Kunar
Kunduz
Laghman
LogarNangarhar
Nimroz
Nuristan
Paktika
Paktya
Pnjshr.
Parwan
Samangan
Sar-e-Pul
Takhar
Uruzgan
Wardak
Zabul
P A K I S T A N
I R A N
T U R K M E N I S T A N
U Z B E K I S T A N T A J I K I S T A N
Badakhshan
Badghis
Baghlan
Balkh
Bamyan
Daykundi
Farah
Faryab
Ghazni
Ghor
Hilmand
Hirat
Jawzjan
Kabl.
Kandahar
Kapisa
Khost
Kunr.
Kunduz
Laghmn.
Logar
Nngr.
Nimroz
Nuristan
Paktika
Paktya
Pnjshr.
Parwan
Samangan
Sar-e-Pul
Takhar
Uruzgan
Wardak
Zabul
Malestan
Jaghuri
Jaghatu
Rshd.
Nawur
Jalrez
Jaghatu
Hesa-e-Aw-e-B.Markaz-e-Behsud
Miramor
AshtarlayWaras
Panjab
Bamyan Surkh-e-Parsa
Dara / Ab Shar
Barg-e-Matal
PorunsMandol
Paryan
Khenj(H-e-A).
ShekhaliYakawlang
Lal Wa Sarjangal
Sang-e-Takht
ShahrakDu Layna
Chaghcharan
Dawlat Yar
Kohestanat
Raghestan
Kofab
Kohestan
Shaki Darwaz Darw-e-B.
Shighnan
Arghnjk.Shuhada
WardujEshkm.
Wakhan
Koran Wa Monjan
YamganTagab
Pul-e-Hesar
Warsaj
Khadir
Ajrestan
Qala Kah Ps. Rod
Shib Koh
Farah
Kang
Zaranj
Bakwa
Reg
SpinboldakPanjwayi
Kndhr./Dand
Zheray ArghestanMaruf
GhorakKhakrez
Arghndb.
Daman
Nesh
Shahwalikot
Miyanshin
Dehrawud
Shahid-e-Hassas
Tirinkot
Chora / ChinartoKhasuruzgan
Tarnak Wa Jaldak
Mizan
Atghar
Daychopan Arghandab
Qalat
M.
Kakar
Shahjoy
Shinkay
Nawbahar
Gelan
MuqurAbband
Giro
QarabaghAndar
Waghz. Dehyak
GhazniZnkhn.Kh.
Shomulzay
Nawa
TurwoWormamay
Wazakhah
Dila
Zrghn.
Janikhel
Yhyk. Omna
Bermel
Gy.Urgun
ZirukSarrawzahYosufkhel
SharanMtkhn.
Spera Tani
S.Grbz.
Khost(Mt).Ndrshh.
B.
Jjmyd.Sbr.Mskhl.
Ql.
Chm.J.
Alkh.(J).
Ahm.Sy./Mr.
Zadrn.Zurmat
KharwarGardez
AzraKhoshi
Chr.
Brk.
Pul-e-Al.Mohammadagha
Nerkh M.
Saydabad
ChakDaymirdad
Hesarak
Shrz.
Khgyn.
Dhbl.
Chpr.Srkhr.
AchinKt.
Nz.
Rodt.Durbb.
Mh. Dr.
Nili Shahrestan
Sayghan
Pgh.Ch.
Kabul Bgr.Kha-e-J.
DehsabzShkr.
F.E. Qr.
Ch.
Koh-e-Sf.
Bagrm.
J.
Surobi
Lalpur
GoshtaBhsd. Km.Kzk.
K. Nejrab
Tagab
Alasy.Dawlatshah
Alishang
QarghayiMhtrl./Bad Pash
Alingar
R. Duab
Nurgl. Khsknr.Sr.Ch. Nr.
M.Chapdr.
Dar-e-P.Wtp. Dn.
Nari
Br.
Ghazibd.Wam.Nurgeram
Waygal
Kamdesh
Pchrgm.
Khashrod / Dularam
Chakhansur
Charburjak
Deh-e-Shu
Reg
Garmser
Nad-e-Ali / Marja
Na-e-B.
Washer
Nahr-e-Saraj
Nawzad Musaqlh.
Sangin
Kajaki
Bazrk.Shtl.
Shorabak
Gomal
Lash Wa Juwayn
Terezy.
Salang
ShinwariGhorband
Shibar
Kahmard
Bala BulukGulistan
Khaki Safed
Anar Dara
Sarb.
B.
Gulran
Kohsan
Kushk
Kushki Kohna
Ghoryan
Zinda Jan
Adraskan
Pashtun Zarghun
Farsi
ObeChishti Sharif
KarukhInjil
Guzara
Muqur
Ab Kamari
Qadis
Jawand
Bala Murghab
Ghormach
Almar
Kohestan
Garziwan
BilcheraghPashtunkot
M.Khwjsbzps.
Shirintagab
Dawlatabad
Qaramqol
Qorghan
Khan-e-C. Bagh
Darzab
Qushtepa
Shiberghan
Andk.Khwajadukoh
KhanaqaFayzabad
Mardyan
A.Mingajik
QarqinKhamyab
SagharTaywara
Tulak
Charsadra
Shortepa
KaldarDawlatabad
KhulmMarmul
Charkent
Dhd.
BalkhCharblk.
ChemtalSholgareh
Keshendeh
Zari
Feroznakhchir
Dara-e Suf-e-Bala Ruy-e-Duab
Khuram Wa Sarbagh
Sar-e-Pul
SayadSozmql.
Gosfandi
Sancharak
Balkhab
Qala-e-Zal
Chardarah
Emamsaheb
Dasht-e-Arc.
Kunduz
Aliabad
Khanabd.
Baghlan-e-JadidBurka
Dahana-e-Ghori
Pul-e-Kh.
Doshi
NahrinKhwjhjr.
Andarab
KhenjanTala Wa barfak
G-e-N.
Dehsalah
EshkashemChal
Nmkb. FarkharBangi
Bhr. Hzrsm.Taloqan
Kalfgn.
Rostaq
Khw.Drq. Yn. Ql.
ChahabShahr-e-Bz.
Yawan
Khwahan
Yaftal-e-Sfl.Fyzbd.
Khs.
Argo
DarayemTeshkan
Bahrk.
Jorm
Zebak
Keshem
Khwj.
Khost Wa Fereng
Hazrat-e-Sultan
Dara-e-Suf-e-Payin
Aybak
Pur ChamanShindand
Qal-i-N.
Pasaband
Qaysar
Nahr-e-Shahi
BaghranKajran
Maywand
Lashkargah
Kiti Gizab / Patoo
22
2
2
2
2
2
2
22
2
22
3
2 3
2
2
3
3
3
2
3
3
4 4
3
3
3
4
3
3
2
4
4
3
3
5
4
4
5
4
4
44
4
45
5
44
44
3
5
3
3 3
3
3
3
3
3 4
3
34
44
44
44
3 33
2
23
22
243
333
4
444
44
4
44
44
44
4
44
45
45
44
55
33
3
3
22 2
22
2
22
22
4 54
5
5
5
5
4
5
4
4 3
3 34
333
444
4 4
3
3
33
3
3
3
22
22
2
2
33
34
34
4
3
2
2
3
4 4 5 4
22
223
34
23 3 3 3
33
44
4
4
4
3
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
44
2
3
2
2
5
5
55
5
44
454
4
5
5
5
2
3
2
2
4
2
3
3
33
3
3
3
3
4
44
33
3
3
3
34
4
3
3
3
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
22
3
3
3
33
33
3
3
3
22
4 4
45 5
4
5
5
22
22
2
3
3
2
33
3
3
3
3
3
4 4
4
3
33
3
4
45
2
3
3
3
3
33
33
3
3
3
3 4
44
4
44
4
43 4 4
3
33
3 4
33
33 3 3
4
45
45
45
5 55
5
545
444
4
4
54
4
5
5
5
5
4
5
3
4
5
3
3
35
43
3
4
3
22
3 3
2
2
4
5
4
5
P A K I S T A N
I R A N
T U R K M E N I S T A N
U Z B E K I S T A N T A J I K I S T A N
Badakhshan
Badghis
Baghlan
Balkh
Bamyan
Daykundi
Farah
Faryab
Ghazni
Ghor
Hilmand
Hirat
Jawzjan
Kabl.
Kandahar
K.
Khst.
Kunar
Kunduz
Lg.
Logar Nn.
Nimroz
Nuristan
Paktika
Pkty.
Pnj.Prw.
Samangan
Sar-e-Pul
Takhar
Uruzgan
Wardak
ZabulQala Kah P. R.
Shib KohFarah
Kang
Zaranj
Bakwa
Reg
SpinboldakPanjwayi
Kn./D.Zhry.
Arghestan Maruf
GhorakKhakrez
Argh.
Daman
Nesh
Shahwalikot
Miynshn.
Dehrawd.
Shahid-e-Hs.
Tirinkot
Chor./Chnr.
Khasuruzgan
Trn. Wa Jld.
Mizan
Atgh.
DaychopanArghnd.
Qalat
Kakar
Shahjoy
Shinkay
Nwbhr.
Malestan
Gelan
Muqr.Jaghuri
AbbandGiro
QarabaghAndar
Wgh.Jaghatu
Rsh.
Dehyk.Gh.
Znk.Kh.
Shomulzay
Nawur
Nawa
Turwo Wormamay
Wazakhah
Dila
Zrgh.Janikhel
Yh. O.Bermel
Gy.Urg.Z.Srrwz.Yosufkhel
Sharn.Mtk.
Spr. TaniS.
Gr.Ndr.
Jjm.Sbr.Msk.
C.J.
Ah.
Zdr.Zurmat
Khrwr.Gardez
AzraKhsh.
Chr.Brkb. Pul.
Mhmmdg.Nrkh.
M.Jalrez
Sydb.Jaght.
ChakDymr.
H-e-A-e-B.Markaz-e-Behsud
Hesrk.Sh.
Khg.Dh.
C.Srkhrd.
AchinK.
N.
Rodt.Drb.
Nili MiramorShahrestan
AshtarlayWaras
Panjab
Bamyan
Sayghan
Surkh-e-Parsa
Pgh.Ch.
Kb. Bgr.Dhsb.Sh.
Bgr.
Surobi
LalpurGosht.B. Km.
Kzkn.
K. Nj.
Tagb.Alsy.Dwltsh.
Alshn.
QarghayiMh./Bad P.
Alingr.
Dr./Ab S. Dub.
Nr. Khs.C. Nr.
Chp. W. D.NariGhzb.W.
Nurgrm.
Wygl.
Kamdesh
Pch.
Khashrod / Dularam
Chakhansur
Charburjak
Deh-e-Shu
Reg
Garmser
Nad-e-Ali / Marja
Washer
Nahr-e-Srj.
Nawzad Msql.
Sng.
Kajaki
Bzr.S.
Shorabak
Gomal
Lash Wa Juwayn
Trz.
Barg-e-Matal
PorunsMandol
Paryan
Slng.Shn.Ghrbn.
ShekhaliShibar
Kahmard
Yakawlang
Lal Wa Sarjangal
Sang-e-Takht
Bala BulukGulistan
Khak. Sfd.
Anar Dara
Sr.
B.
Gulran
Kohsan
Kushk
Ksh. Khn.
Ghoryan
Zinda Jan
Adraskan
Pashtn. Zrghn.
Farsi
Obe Chishti SharifKarukhInjil
Guzara
MuqurAb Kamari
QadisJawand
Bala Murghab
Ghrmch.Almar
Kohestan
Garziwan
BilcheraghPashtunkot
Khwjsb.
Shirintagab
Dawlatabad
Qaramqol
Qrghn.
Darzab
Qshtp.
Shiberghan
A.Khwajadukoh
Khn.Fayzbd.
Mrdyn.A.
Mingjk.
QarqinKhmy.
Saghar Taywara
Tulak Shahrak Du Layna
Charsadra
ChaghcharanDawlat Yar
ShortepaKaldarDawlatabad
KhulmMarml.
CharkentD.
BalkhChr.
Chemtal
Sholgareh
Kshndh.
Zari
Frznkhc.
Dara-e Suf-e-Bl.Ruy-e-Duab
Khrm. Wa Srbg.
Sar-e-PulSayad
Sz. Gsf.
Snchrk.
BalkhabKohestanat
Qala-e-Zal
Chardarah
Emamsaheb
Dasht.Kunduz
Albd.Khnb.
Baghlan-e-Jdd. Burka
Daha-e-G.
Doshi
Nahrin Khw.
Andarb.Khenjan
Tala Wa barfak
Dehslh.
Eshksh.Ch. Nm.
FarkharBangi
Bhr.Hzr.Taloqan Klfg.
Rostaq
Kh.D. Chahb.
S-e-B.Ywn.
Raghestan
Khwahn. Kofab
Ya-e-S.Khstn.
Shak.Darwaz
Shighnan
Arg.Fyz. Shuhada
K.Argo
Drym.Teshkn.
Bhr.
WardujJorm
Zebak
Esh.
Wakhan
Koran Wa Monjan
Yamgan
Kshm.
Tagab
Kh.
Khst. Wa Frn.
Pul-e-Hs.
Hazrat-e-Sl.
Dar-e-S-e-P.Aybak
Warsaj
Pur ChamanShindand
Pasaband
Qaysar
Na-e-S.
BaghranKajran
Maywand
Lashkrgh.
Kiti
Khadir
Gizab / PatooAjrestan
AFGHANISTAN: Extreme Winter Characterization
Minimum Temperature (Deg. C.)Average Monthly Minimum
-38 to -30-29 to -21-20 to -17-16 to -12-11 to -7-6 to -3-2 to 12 to 67 to 1011 to 13
Minimum Temperature (December to March)
Disclaimers:The designations employed and the presentation of material on this mapdo not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of theSecretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of anycountry, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning thedelimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Date Printed: 05 November 2013 11:46 PMData Source(s): AGCHO, CSO, Landscan 2010
Doc Name: Afg_Extreme_Winter_201311NOV02_A0Feedback: [email protected]
Website: http://afg.humanitarianresponse.info/
Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS-84
P A K I S T A N
I R A N
T U R K M E N I S T A N
U Z B E K I S T A N T A J I K I S T A N
Badakhshan
Badghis
Baghlan
Balkh
Bamyan
Daykundi
Farah
Faryab
Ghazni
Ghor
Hilmand
Hirat
Jawzjan
Kabl.
Kandahar
Kps.
Khst.
Kunar
Kunduz
Lg.
Logar Nn.
Nimroz
Nuristan
Paktika
Pkty.
Pnj.Prw.
Samangan
Sar-e-Pul
Takhar
Uruzgan
Wardak
ZabulQala Kah P. R.
Shib KohFarah
Kang
Zaranj
Bakwa
Reg
SpinboldakPanjwayi
Kn./D.Zhry.
Arghestan Maruf
GhorakKhakrez
Argh.
Daman
Nesh
Shahwalikot
Miynshn.
Dehrawd.
Shahid-e-Hs.
Tirinkot
Chor./Chnr.
Khasuruzgan
Trn. Wa Jld.
Mizan
Atgh.
DaychopanArghnd.
Qalat
Kakar
Shahjoy
Shinkay
Nwbhr.
Malestan
Gelan
Muqr.Jaghuri
AbbandGiro
QarabaghAndar
Wgh.Jaghatu
Rsh.
Dehyk.Gh.
Znk.Kh.
Shomulzay
Nawur
Nawa
Turwo Wormamay
Wazakhah
Dila
Zrgh.Janikhel
Yh. O.Bermel
Gy.Urg.Z.Srrwz.Yosufkhel
Sharn.Mtk.
Spr. TaniS.
Gr.Ndr.
Jjm.Sbr.Msk.
C.J.
Ah.
Zdr.Zurmat
Khrwr.Gardez
AzraKhsh.
Chr.Brkb. Pul.
Mhmmdg.Nrkh.
M.Jalrez
Sydb.Jaght.
ChakDymr.
H-e-A-e-B.Markaz-e-Behsud
Hesrk.Sh.
Khg.Dh.
C.Srkhrd.
AchinK.
N.
Rodt.Drb.
Nili MiramorShahrestan
AshtarlayWaras
Panjab
Bamyan
Sayghan
Surkh-e-Parsa
Pgh.Ch.
Kb. Bgr.Dhsb.Sh.
Bgr.
Surobi
LalpurGosht.B. Km.
Kzkn.
K. Njrb.
Tagb.Alsy.Dwltsh.
Alshn.
QarghayiMh./Bad P.
Alingr.
Dr./Ab S.Dub.
Nr. Khs.C. Nr.
Chp. W. D.NariGhzb.W.
Nurgrm.
Wygl.
Kamdesh
Pch.
Khashrod / Dularam
Chakhansur
Charburjak
Deh-e-Shu
Reg
Garmser
Nad-e-Ali / Marja
Washer
Nahr-e-Srj.
Nawzad Msql.
Sng.
Kajaki
Bzr.S.
Shorabak
Gomal
Lash Wa Juwayn
Trz.
Barg-e-Matal
PorunsMandol
Paryan
Slng.Shn.Ghrbn.
ShekhaliShibar
Kahmard
Yakawlang
Lal Wa Sarjangal
Sang-e-Takht
Bala BulukGulistan
Khak. Sfd.
Anar Dara
Sr.
B.
Gulran
Kohsan
Kushk
Ksh. Khn.
Ghoryan
Zinda Jan
Adraskan
Pashtn. Zrghn.
Farsi
Obe Chishti SharifKarukhInjil
Guzara
MuqurAb Kamari
QadisJawand
Bala Murghab
Ghrmch.Almar
Kohestan
Garziwan
BilcheraghPashtunkot
Khwjsb.
Shirintagab
Dawlatabad
Qaramqol
Qrghn.
Darzab
Qshtp.
Shiberghan
A.Khwajadukoh
Khn.Fayzbd.
Mrdyn.A.
Mingjk.
QarqinKhmy.
Saghar Taywara
Tulak Shahrak Du Layna
Charsadra
ChaghcharanDawlat Yar
ShortepaKaldarDawlatabad
KhulmMarml.
CharkentD.
BalkhChr.
Chemtal
Sholgareh
Kshndh.
Zari
Frznkhc.
Dara-e Suf-e-Bl.Ruy-e-Duab
Khrm. Wa Srbg.
Sar-e-PulSayad
Sz. Gsf.
Snchrk.
BalkhabKohestanat
Qala-e-Zal
Chardarah
Emamsaheb
Dasht.Kunduz
Albd.Khnb.
Baghlan-e-Jdd. Burka
Daha-e-G.
Doshi
Nahrin Khw.
Andarb.Khenjan
Tala Wa barfak
Dehslh.
Eshksh.Ch. Nm.
FarkharBangi
Bhr.Hzr.Taloqan Klfg.
Rostaq
Kh.D. Chahb.
S-e-B.Ywn.
Raghestan
Khwahn. Kofab
Ya-e-S.Khstn.
Shak.Darwaz
Shighnan
Arg.Fyz. Shuhada
K.Argo
Drym.Teshkn.
Bhr.
WardujJorm
Zebak
Esh.
Wakhan
Koran Wa Monjan
Yamgan
Kshm.
Tagab
Kh.
Khst. Wa Frn.
Pul-e-Hs.
Hazrat-e-Sl.
Dar-e-S-e-P.Aybak
Warsaj
Pur ChamanShindand
Pasaband
Qaysar
Na-e-S.
BaghranKajran
Maywand
Lashkrgh.
Kiti
Khadir
Gizab / PatooAjrestan Snow Fall Rate (kg/m2/day)
Highest rate from 2004 to 20130 - 0.160.17 - 0.550.56 - 1.041.05 - 1.651.66 - 2.222.23 - 2.82.81 - 3.433.44 - 4.124.13 - 4.84.81 - 7
Highest Snowfall Rate (2004 to 2013)
P A K I S T A N
I R A N
T U R K M E N I S T A N
U Z B E K I S T A NT A J I K I S T A N
Badakhshan
Badghis
Baghlan
Balkh
Bamyan
Daykundi
Farah
Faryab
Ghazni
Ghor
Hilmand
Hirat
Jawzjan
Kabl.
Kandahar
Kps.
Khst.
Kunar
Kunduz
Lg.
Logar Nn.
Nimroz
Nuristan
Paktika
Pkty.
Pnj.Prw.
Samangan
Sar-e-Pul
Takhar
Uruzgan
Wardak
ZabulQala KahP. R.
Shib KohFarah
Kang
Zaranj
Bakwa
Reg
SpinboldakPanjwayi
Kn./D.Zhry.
Arghestan Maruf
GhorakKhakrez
Argh.
Daman
Nesh
Shahwalikot
Miynshn.
Dehrawd.
Shahid-e-Hs.
Tirinkot
Chor./Chnr.
Khasuruzgan
Trn. Wa Jld.
Mizan
Atgh.
DaychopanArghnd.
Qalat
Kakar
Shahjoy
Shinkay
Nwbhr.
Malestan
Gelan
Muqr.Jaghuri
AbbandGiro
QarabaghAndar
Wgh.Jaghatu
Rsh.
Dehyk.Gh.
Znk.Kh.
Shomulzay
Nawur
Nawa
Turwo Wormamay
Wazakhah
Dila
Zrgh.Janikhel
Yh. O.Bermel
Gy.Urg.Z.Srrwz.Yosufkhel
Sharn.Mtk.
Spr. TaniS.
Gr.Ndr.
Jjm.Sbr.Msk.
C.J.
Ah.
Zdr.Zurmat
Khrwr.Gardez
AzraKhsh.
Chr.Brkb. Pul.
Mhmmdg.Nrkh.
M.Jalrez
Sydb.Jaght.
ChakDymr.
H-e-A-e-B.Markaz-e-Behsud
Hesrk.Sh.
Khg.Dh.
C.Srkhrd.
AchinK.
N.
Rodt.Drb.
Nili MiramorShahrestan
AshtarlayWaras
Panjab
Bamyan
Sayghan
Surkh-e-Parsa
Pgh.Ch.
Kb. Bgr.Dhsb.Sh.
Bgr.
Surobi
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Gizab / PatooAjrestan Occurance of High Snow
Persistence (Index Score)0.0 - 0.10.2 - 0.30.4 - 0.70.8 - 1.51.6 - 2.62.7 - 3.73.8 - 4.95.0 - 6.06.1 - 6.86.9 - 9.0
High Snow Cover Persistence (2007 to 2013)
Administrative CentresCapitalProvincial Center
Population Exposed to ExtremeWinter Conditions (Individuals)
500 or Less501 - 5,0005,001 - 10,00010,001 - 25,00025,001 - 50,00050,001 - 89,132
Extreme Winter District RankVery Low (1)Low (2)Medium (3)High (4)Very High (5)
Exposed Population & District Ranking
Extreme Winter Zone Population Distribution (2010)*(Persons per sqkm)
4,000 or more2,001 - 4,0001,001 - 2,000501 - 1,000101 - 5001 - 100No Population
Extreme Winter Zone & Population Density
Minimum Temperature Notes:1) This data was generated from World Climate data, which provides monthly averages from 1950 to 2000 (http://www.worldclim.org/). 30 second arc grid cell size.2) The minimum temperature shown in this map is the average of the minimum temperatures for the months of December, January, February and March.3) Natural breaks (Jenks) were used to normalize (reclassify) the minimum temperature range (i.e. minimum to maximum values) within Afghanistan to a score (i.e. new value) of 1 to 10.4) The minimum temperature score was combined with the snowfall rate and high snow coverage scores to calculate the overall extreme winter condition score (see notes on the extreme winter area for futher information).
Snow Fall Rate Notes:1) The snow fall data was sourced from the Global Land Data Assimilation System (1 degree resolution), NASA Giovanni Project (http://gdata1.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/G3/gui.cgi?instance_id=GLDAS10_M).2) The GLDAS data provided an average snow fall rate for the period from December to March (i.e. for each winter) from 2004 to 2013. IDW was used to interpolate the data to the working grid cell size of 500m.3) Th highest snow fall rate was based on the maximum of the winter average snow fall rates (i.e. average snowfall rates from December to March) that occured from 2004 to 2013.4) Natural breaks (Jenks) were used to normalize (reclassify) the highest snowfall rate range (i.e. minimum to maximum values) within Afghanistan to a score (i.e. new value) of 1 to 10.5) The highest snowfall rate score was combined with the minimum temperature and high snow coverage scores to calculate the overall extreme winter condition score (see notes on the extreme winter area for futher information).
Snow Persistence Notes:1) Occurance of high snow cover for the period 2007 to 2013.2) Snow cover data are derived from MODIS (MOD10L2) snow products, provided by the NSIDC DAAC and processed by ITHACA (http://www.ithacaweb.org/).3) High snow cover persistence was derived from the average occurance of high snow coverage (based on the ITHACA 8-day synthesis) for the months December, January, February and March for the years 2007 to 2013. A seasonal occurance of high snow cover(i.e. an index score) was then derived by combining the average monthly occurance.4) Natural breaks (Jenks) were used to normalize (reclassify) the index score (i.e. minimum to maximum values) within Afghanistan to a score (i.e. new value) of 1 to 10.5) The high snow cover persistence score was combined with the minimum temperature and highest snowfall rate to calculate the overall extreme winter condition score (see notes on the extreme winter area for futher information).
Extreme Winter Zone Notes:1) The area of extreme winter was developed using a multi-criteria approach. The overall extreme winter score was constructed from aforementioned factors, including minimum temperature (1950 to 2000), occurance of high snow cover persistence(ITHACA 2007 to 2013), and highest snow fall rates (GLDAS 2004 to 2013). Based on temporal averages from December to March the data was normalised on a scale of 1 to 10 and combined to form an overall extreme winter score. Minimumtemperature and high snow cover persistence were assigned a weighting of 2, while the snow fall rate was only assigned a weight of 1 due to the coarse spatial resolution.2) Zones of very high, high, medium, low and very low winter conditions were derived based on natural breaks (Jenks) of the extreme winter score. Only the zone of very high (extreme) winter conditions is shown above.3) Readers should refer to the Humanitarian Response website for further background.
Population Density Data Sources and Notes:1) LandScan is the finest resolution global population distributiondata, which was released in 2010.2) LandScan population distribution represents an ambientpopulation, which integrates diurnal movements and collectivetravel habits into a single measure averaged over 24 hours.
Exposed Population and District Ranking Notes:1) This map shows the number of individuals exposed to only the extreme winter conditions.2) The population exposed to the extreme winter conditions were dervied from the Landscan 2010 dataset and have been presented on a district wise basis. Considering thelimitations of the analysis, only districts with at least 500 individuals exposed to the extreme winter conditions have been displayed.3) The relative district ranking was calculated from the grid of the extreme winter score, i.e. a geographical average within the district boundary. The rank of 1 to 5 translates to"Very Low" to "Very High".
0 100 20050 kms
1:4,500,000Scale (at A0)
0 100 20050 kms1:2,850,000Scale (at A0)