The positive and negative influences of Scholars, Analysis, and International News Media outlets on New Africa Rising

Regions and its programs

I have under covered many elements and subject matters that reflect

the current economic state of Africa and numerous scholars, analyst’s,

international media outlets, and our African officials affect the

prosperity of mother earth and its people. Africa has always been a

place that many of us in America have set side because we have seem

it from the outside and not he inside of despair and the deplorable

issues that haunt this population of people.

The following text Economic Growth and Development in Africa

published by Horman Chitonge (HC) has influence my ability to

understand along with the reading of documents that reflect its

current state and methodology of what Africa people need, want, have

accomplished, and are knowledgeable as it relates to the World Bank

(WB), International Monetary Fund (IMF), and Highly Indebted Poor

Counties (HIPC). I have engaged this knowledge from the arguments

of scholars, analysis, and international media outlets whom played

such a significant role in Africa’s development. I have truly

understood how this industrialize world of culture, raw life, and

beautiful people have been devalued significantly for decades

throughout the European Union. First of all, I truly feel that

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discrimination has impacted the perception and sterilized our fears of

neglected towards Africa particularly; because of the negativity

impacting this developing countries which led to Africa never

achieving the level of institutionalization growth requirements for a

formal functioning state while remaining unemancipated from

societies disenfranchisement was challenged.

Media has a powerful capacity to encourage this global awareness

thereby promoting a cross-cultural understanding, tolerance and

acceptance of ethnic, cultural, religious and gender differences in

communities across this continent of Africa. Unfortunately, the

media’s potentially enforces good as easy as it can backfire when it’s

attempting to transform economic growth. By disseminating messages

that create and reinforce negative stereotypes and perpetuate

misconceptions, the media frustrated dialogue and works against

mutual understanding seem to define message that insult the process

in Africa.

Scholars, Analysts, and Africa’s officials report on CNN and BBC

World a free fall phenomenon that the freedom of South African

during Apathetic international growth didn’t’ reflect a positive change

in revolutionary moments regarding economic freedom over the 24-

hour news cycle. Because, the crisis in Rwanda was examined in

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tandem role of both the international media and Rwanda's news

organizations in cataclysmic events of 1994 which encountered

negative issues of positive growth in Africa while demonstrating

concepts of New Africa rising people in economic development during

1994 genocide.

Most issues were eliminated the distance factors reported by the

news outlets that portrays them by obtaining information from

satellite television to created a public sphere and new political

movements of advancement. These developments have been amplified

and accelerated by the Internet, which is allowing growing segments

of the general population to access and be part of the new media,

even in many developing countries. Therefore, crucial arenas were

challenged during prevailing attitudes regarding the many “others”

across the globe. As individuals we don’t simply hold intellectual

beliefs about peoples in distant lands, but rather, have strong

emotional responses to divisions that are perpetuated in the media.

One critical example is the influential idea of the clash of civilizations,

which has spread out of the domain of news journalism and into all

other forms of media. No where has the reproduction of the so-called

clash been more powerful than in the two media markets that

discusses old and New Africa. Western cultural productions display

negative portrayal of Africa continents’ along with conflictions among

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these societies illicit and Africa officials strong emotional to Western

media consumers.

Similarly, media in some Muslim worlds have made this

misperceptions a phenomenon regarding how we see Africa globally.

However, Neo-partrmonialisum explains the African crisis in general,

from starting point to the poorest state formation along with the

resulting into a weaker state institution in many African counties,

which have made it impossible for states to play an effective role in

promotion economic growth and development. However, this might be

hampered by some Analyst suggestions that the levels of contestation

around the state are the function of the degree of state legitimacy that

weakens the legitimacy of the state. This broadens Africa’s effect and

or connection to neo-partrimonialism and the economic growth and

development challenges in Africa through the lens of Africa officials

and WB.

World Bank/International Monetary Fund “Structural Adjustment

Programs” (SAPs) have been introduced in over 40 countries of Africa.

This report outlines their economic policy measures and the

experience of the countries that have introduced them, in terms of

nutrition, health status, and health services. The evidence indicates

that SAPs have been associated with increasing food insecurity and

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under-nutrition, rising ill-health, and decreasing access to health care

in the two-thirds or more of the population of African countries that

already live below poverty levels. SAPs has also affected health policy,

with loss of a proactive health policy framework, a widening gap

between the affected communities and policy makers, and the

replacement of the underlying principle of equity in social

responsibility health care policies in which health is marketed as a

commodity that allows access to health care whom have become

individually responsible. There is a deeper contradiction between

SAPs and policies aimed at building the health of the population and

those in the health sector needing to contribute to the development

and advocacy of economic policies in which growth is based on human

resource development, and to the development of a civic environment

in Africa that can ensure the implementation of such policies. African

intellectuals try to defend against those who control with the means of

producing their scholars.

Africanists have been acting as gatekeepers of knowledge production

or in research grants. In this capacity, the Africanists negatively

assess and down play the scholarly work and contributions of African

intellectuals to economic development during the 1980s and 1990s,

African governments could only access some African intellectuals

through donor contracted reports.

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The Bank introduced two sided strategies of (1) restructuring the

economy and (2) stabilizing the economy. SAP’s restructured the

economy with long or medium term programs along with the goals of

the Bank was to use such restructuring reforms to remove challenges

to optimal functioning of the markets and to economic growth.

Stabilization involves short term measures to restore balance of

payments, while structural adjustment measures are implemented on

a longer term basis, to 'restructure the economy and generate

economic growth'. These policies are closely linked and usually

involve devaluation of currency, cuts in public spending, elimination

of subsidies, cuts in the civil service, privatization of state owned

industries, opening of local economies to foreign investment and an

emphasis on export promotion in order to earn foreign currency to

apply to debt servicing.

As a direct result of these policies, women have suffered in three

areas: health and welfare, employment and education. The effects of

these policies have been felt even more intensively as social services

are cut, particularly with rising poverty among women. With respect

to the debt crisis, the goal of the IMF and the World Bank Structural

Adjustment programs has been to ensure that indebted countries will

maintain their balance of payments. Developing countries had no

choice but to turn to them without IMF intervention and approval,

there were few resources for them to access in order to keep their

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economies afloat. As a condition for their lending, the IMF and the

World Bank called for drastic restructuring of their economies.

There are some differences between IMF and World Bank adjustment

policies in terms of the process but not the content. IMF programs are

targeted at the short term, working to stabilize economies in order to

address balance of payments problems. World Bank deals with the

long term restructuring of an economy, by changing institutions and

economies in the medium term. All of this affects the standard of

living of people, particularly the poor. Credit is cut for local

manufacturing, resulting in loss of local industry and jobs, particularly

for women, yet transnational companies have access to cheap credit

in their home countries and cheap labor in developing countries.

Government deficits are seen as part of the problem, and as a result

social services are cut. However, in the last decade scholars have

agree that there has been a shift in global development paradigm

whereby some IDA counties graduated to become IBRD counties and

emerging nations as New Africa Rising.

Reference:

1. Economic Growth and Development in Africa published by Horman Chitonge (HC)

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