African Palm Oil Production

Jim Fisher, Response Volunteer

Cuerpo de Paz jimfisher101@gmail.com

Revised: 05/23/16

Objetivos REALIZAR MANTENIMIENTO DEL CULTIVO, EN LAS FASES DE LABORES CULTURALES, SIEMBRA,

SANIDAD Y COSECHA EN UN LOTE DE PALMA DE ACEITE

1. Comunicarse en tareas sencillas y habituales que requieren un intercambio simple y directo de información cotidiana y técnica

2. Leer textos muy breves y sencillos en inglés general y técnico

3. Realizar intercambios sociales y prácticos muy breves, con un vocabulario suficiente para hacer una exposición o mantener una conversación sencilla sobre temas técnicos

4. Comprender la idea principal en avisos y mensajes breves, claros y sencillos en inglés técnico

5. Comprender frases y vocabulario habitual sobre temas de interés personal y temas técnicos

6. Encontrar información específica y predecible en escritos sencillos y cotidianos

7. Encontrar vocabulario y expresiones de inglés técnico en anuncios, folletos, páginas web, etc.

English Online

• SENA

• DuoLingo

• Google Translate

• Google Search

• Wikipedia

1. Comunicarse en tareas sencillas y habituales que requieren un intercambio simple y directo de información cotidiana y técnica

• http://oferta.senasofiaplus.edu.co/sofia-oferta/

1. Comunicarse en tareas sencillas y habituales que requieren un intercambio simple y directo de información cotidiana y técnica

• www.duolingo.com

• Google Traducir / Google Translate

– https://translate.google.com.co

1. Comunicarse en tareas sencillas y habituales que requieren un intercambio simple y directo de información cotidiana y técnica

6. Encontrar información específica y predecible en escritos sencillos y cotidianos

• www.google.com – Google

• www.wikipedia.org – Wikipedia

7. Encontrar vocabulario y expresiones de inglés técnico en anuncios, folletos, páginas web, etc.

• www.rspo.org – Round Table for Sustainable Palm Oil

• www.palmoilworld.org - Malaysian Oil Palm Industry

Traducir paginas a español

Introductions

• Good morning.

• What is your name?

• My name is ______

• It’s nice to meet you too.

• No, I don’t have children. Do you?

• Great.

• Yes, I like yucca and rice.

• Is it going to rain?

• Goodbye.

• Good morning

• My name is ___. What is your name?

• It’s nice to meet you .

• Do you have children?

• Yes, I have one son.

• Do you like the food here?

• I like potatoes.

• No, it is not going to rain.

• Goodbye.

3. Realizar intercambios sociales y prácticos muy breves, con un vocabulario suficiente para hacer una exposición o mantener

una conversación sencilla sobre temas técnicos

• Where is palm oil produced?

• Why do we test the soil?

• How do we take a soil sample?

• What is made from palm oil?

• What are the parts of the palm oil tree?

• What is lethal wilt?

Vocabulary -Nouns 2. Leer textos muy breves y sencillos en inglés general y técnico

1 farmhouse 2 farmer 3 vegetable garden 4 scarecrow 5 hay 6 hired hand 7 barn 8 stable 9 horse 10 farm yard 11 turkey 12 goat

13 lamb 14 rooster 15 pig pen 16 pig 17 chicken coop 18 chicken 19 hen house 20 hen 21 crop 22 irrigation system 23 tractor 24 field

25 pasture 26 cow 27 sheep 28 orchard 29 fruit tree 30 farm worker 31 alfalfa 32 corn 33 cotton 34 rice 35 soy beans 36 wheat

Dialogs

Job Interview

• Good morning.

• What is your name?

• It’s nice to meet you.

• Why do you want to work here?

• Who recommended this job to you?

• What do you do about bud rot?

• Have you worked on a farm before?

• When can you start?

• Do you have any questions?

• No, but we want to be.

• Thank you. Goodbye.

• Good morning

• My name is ________.

• It’s nice to meet you too.

• Your farm is big, with many opportunities to ___.

• ______ recommended this job .

• Eradication or pruning the bud and damaged plant.

• No. I want to. Our class visited farms.

• I can start _______ .

• Yes. Are you RSPO Certified?

• I can help you.

• Thank you very much. Goodbye.

Farm Tour

• Good morning.

– Good morning.

• Welcome to the farm.

– Thank you.

• This is the tree nursery.

– Where to you get seeds?

• We buy our seeds in Santa Marta.

– How do you plant the seeds?

• We plant in plastic bags. We shade and water the seedlings.

– How often do you water the plants?

• We check them daily and we water them if they are dry.

– What do you do next?

• After two months we move the plants to bigger bags placed every 90 cm. After one year we move the plants to the field.

– When do you prune the plants?

• We first prune trees when the fruit is over 80 cm high.

– How long does a tree produce?

• A tree produces for 28 years. We cut it down to plant a new tree.

– Thank you very much.

• You are welcome.

Vocabulary - Verbs

• What are the steps in growing a palm oil tree? – Prepare plant nurseries - Preparar pre-viveros – Plant Seeds in bags - Sembrar semillas en bolsas – Water nurseries - Regar pre-viveros – Prepare soil - Preparar suelo – Transplant seedlings - Trasplantar plantones – Irrigate the trees - Regar los arboles – Inspect trees - Inspeccionar arboles – Control insects - Controlar insectos – Integrated pest management - Manejo integrado de plagas – Prune trees - Podar arboles – Harvest fruit bunches - Cosechar corozo – Transport fruit bunches - Transportar corozo

Where is Palm Oil Produced? Top 10 Countries (% of world

production)

1. Malaysia (44%) 2. Indonesia (36%)

3. Nigeria ( 6%) 4. Thailand ( 3%) 5. Colombia ( 2%) 6. Cote d’Ivoire ( 1%) 7. Ecuador ( 1%)

8. Cameroon ( 1%) 9. Congo ( 1%)

10. Ghana ( 1%)

United States – No production

Annual Production in Colombia Producción Anual en Colombia

SOIL = SUELO

Taking a Soil Sample 1. Plan your sample.

2. Select good locations.

3. You need a shovel, machete, bucket and bags.

4. Dig a hole.

5. Get a vertical soil sample.

6. Put each sample in the bucket.

7. Mix the dirt.

8. Select your sample from the bucket.

9. Deliver your sample to the laboratory.

Test Soil Structure

1. Plan your sample.

2. Select good locations

3. You need a shovel and water.

4. Dig a hole.

5. Mix some soil with a little water.

6. Look for organic mater?

7. Make a log.

8. Record your analysis.

Clay

Silt

Loam

Sand

5. Comprender frases y vocabulario habitual sobre temas de interés personal y temas técnicos

• pH 0 ------------------------7-----------------------14 Acid Neutral Alkaline

• Soil Type ------------------------------------------

• Soil Sample Analysis – Nitrogen (N) – Phosphorus (P) – Potassium (K) – Copper – Boron – Magnesium – Manganese – Sulfur

Clay

Silt

Loam

Sand

FERTILIZER AND MANURE

Chemical Fertilizer

NPK Values of Animal Manures

N Nitrogen % P Phosphorus % K Potassium

(Potash) %

Urea 46.0 0.0 0.0

Ammonium Sulfate

(S 24.0) 21.0 0.0 0.0

Triple Super

Phosphate (TSP) 0.0 45.0 0.0

Muriate of Potash 0.0 0.0 60.0

Ever Green 30.0 10.0 10.0

Organic Fertilizer NPK Values of Animal Manures

N Nitrogen % P Phosphorus % K Potassium

(Potash) %

Cow Manure 0.6 0.4 0.5

Horse Manure 0.7 0.3 0.6

Pig Manure 0.8 0.7 0.5

Chicken Manure 1.1 0.8 0.5

Sheep Manure 0.7 0.3 0.9

Rabbit Manure 2.4 1.4 0.6

More information on farmyard manures

20 / 2000 = 1.0% (N)

62 / 2000 = 3.1% (N)

Green Manure – Kuzu = Mucuna bracteata

SUSTAINABILITY = SOSTENIBILIDAD

ENVIRONMENT = MEDIO AMBIENTE

RSPO Sources

Oil Palm Pests Insect = Insecto

Fungus = Hongo

Bacteria = Bacteria

Nematode = Nematodo

Animal = Animal

“Weevil” Rhynchophorus palmarum

The South American palm weevil, Rhynchophorus palmarum, is a species of snout beetle. The adults are relatively large red beetles of approximately an inch in length, and the larvae may grow to two or three inches in length.

This insect serves as vector for theBursaphelenchus cocophilus nematode, cause of Red Ring Nematode disease.[5] By the time one observes symptoms, the palm is usually already dead.

Weevil

Red Ring Nematode The red ring disease of coconuts and African oil palms is caused by the nematode Bursaphelenchus cocophilus. It is also identified in literature with an alternative scientific name Rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus. The common name, the red ring nematode, is derived from its distinguishing symptom.

Insect vector relationship[edit] The vector, Rhynchophorus palmarum (the South American palm weevil), carries the J3 stage to healthy palms. Female weevils are internally infested around the oviducts, when they lay their eggs in the palm they also disseminate the nematode.

Management[edit] To manage this disease scouting is the most important aspect; early detection of infected trees may save plantations. If an infected tree is found it must be removed, treated with herbicide and cut down. Leaving the stump behind can lead to vector reproduction and spread the nematode. Trapping the vector is another strategy, reducing the disease incidence from 10% to 1%.

Bud Rot Disease

• 'PC' Affecting Oil Palm Plantations

• Bud rot disease or PC (pudrición del cogollo) has adversely affected palm oil plantations.

• It is estimated that 5% of the Latin America’s total palm oil trees have been killed due to the spread of PC.

Lethal Wilt Disease

• Phytoplasm

• Transmitted by Leaf Hoppers

Sudden Wilt Disease

• Leaf Hopper

• Vector

Bagworm

Parasitic Wasp Dolichogenidea metesae

Squirrel

Anatomy= Anatomía

Safety = Seguridad

4. Comprender la idea principal en avisos y mensajes breves, claros y sencillos en inglés técnico

Chemicals = Químicos

Insecticide = Insecticida

Fungicide = Fungicida

Bacteriacide = Bactericida

Nematicide = Nematicida

Herbicide = Herbicida

Antracnosis y otras Orthocide o Captan

Anthracnose: Botryodiplodia palmarum Symptoms This disease occurs in the nursery. It is recognized by regular or irregular brown to black leaf blotches surrounded by yellow haloes, which develop along the margin, centre or tip of the leaves. It causes heavy seedling loss. Management The disease can be controlled by spraying Mancozeb or Captan at the rate of 200 g/100 litres of water. Copper fungicides should not be used because of the extreme susceptibility of oil palm seedlings to copper burn (scorching).

Herbicida

Herbicida

Herbicida

Palm Oil Refining

www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_i7SiIjKZ8

Vocabulary - Verbs

• What are the steps in making Crude Palm Oil?

– Sterilize fruit bunches - Esterilizar corozo

– Strip the fruit - Separar la fruta

– Cook the fruit - Cocinar la fruta

– Press the oil - Presionar el aceite

– Filter the oil - Filtrar el aceite

– Clarify the oil - Clarificar el aceite

– Purify the oil - Purificar el aceite

Vocabulary – Verbs Kernel Processing

Palm Kernel Cake

Palm Oil Products

What is made from palm oil?

• Edible Oil

• Margarine

• Chocolate

• Ice cream

• Soap

• Shampoo

• Cosmetics

• Fuel