age of jackson nationalism vs. sectionalism chapter x
TRANSCRIPT
Age of Jackson
Nationalism vs. Sectionalism
Chapter X
Nationalism
Pride in ones country, feeling of spirit The War of 1812 Manifest Destiny “American System” national roads, canal
systems, eventually railroads Andrew Jackson
Sectionalism
Different economies in different regions North was becoming increasingly dominated by
factories South was pure agriculture Slavery was still allowed in the south 1820-1840 time of economic depression Tariffs and states rights Fletcher vs. Peck (nullified a Georgia Law) Missouri Compromise 1820
Monroe Doctrine 1823
Year before controversial election of 1824
Then President James Monroe issued this important document
America would stay out of eastern hemisphere
European countries could no long colonies in the Western Hemisphere
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams Despite losing both popular
and electoral vote Henry Clay broke tie in the
House Clay then became Sec. of
State Cause a split in Dem-
Republican Party
1828 Adams vs. Jackson II
Adams followers became National-Republicans (Whigs)
National government should take a leadership role
Gov’t should promote National unity
Favor of National Bank Tended to be middle
class, established Protestants
Jackson’s follower became Democrats
Government should remain inactive
Individual states should be responsible for improvements
Against National Bank Tended to be slave
holders, small farmers, non-protestant working class
“Old Hickory” Man of the People
Jackson wins by an overwhelming majority
Immediately fires officials that worked for Adams
Begins the “Spoil System” starts giving all of his supporters jobs
Began Rotation in Office, so one group can
not become too powerful
#12
King Andrew I
Jackson vetoed more bills than the previous 6 presidents combined
Major issue was tariffs North greatly profited from high
tariff because most good were made in the north
South called them “Tariff of Abomination.”
South Carolina wanted the ability to Nullify a Government law
Jackson threatened to use the Army
South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union
Presidential Power
Nullification Crisis
1932 new tariff lowered price of manufactured goods
Not low enough for the south
John C. Calhoun, SC, threatened to secede
Compromise was reached to lower tariffs over the next ten years
National Bank
Bank was up for re-charter in 1836 Jackson vetoed the charter Supporters of the bank sharply opposed
Jackson's policy Firmly established the political parties National-Republican began referring to
themselves as the Whigs, like parliament in England against the King
#14
Indian Removal Act
Indians controlled desirable land (fertile, gold)
Jackson forced the relocation of about 100,000 Native Americas
Supreme Court Justice John Marshall said this was unconstitutional
(Worcester v. Georgia) Jackson said, let him try to
enforce it “Trail of Tears”
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