ageing in the 21 st century: opportunities and challenges
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Ageing in the 21 st Century: Opportunities and Challenges. RESPONDING TO AGEING: WORKSHOP TO EXCHANGE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES Ha Noi , 25-26 September 2013 Hanoi Melia Hotel. Content of the presentation. Global population ageing A vital role in society - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Ageing in the 21st Century:Opportunities and Challenges
RESPONDING TO AGEING: WORKSHOP TO EXCHANGE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES
Ha Noi, 25-26 September 2013
Hanoi Melia Hotel
1. Global population ageing2. A vital role in society3. Challenges of population ageing4. The way forward
Content of the presentation
1. Global population ageing
Source: UNDESA, Population Division (2012)
1. Global population ageing
1. Global population ageing
Source: UNDESA, Population Division (2012)
“Oldest old’
“Feminization of ageing”
1. Global population ageing
World Developed countries
Developing counties
World Developed countries
Developing counties
Men Women
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
11% 16%9%
19%33%
10%
29%
58%
20%
22%
37%
16%
Percentage of people aged 60 or over living independently(alone or with spouse only)
Living alone Living with spouse only
1. Global population ageing
Source: UNDESA, Population Division (2012)
Asia is the fastest ageing region
1950 1975 2000 2025 20500
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
8.1 8.8 9.9
14.9
21.9
11.7
15.5
19.5
27.3
32.6
7.4 7.3
11.2
21
32.1
5.9 5.76.4
10.4
18.6
World
MDCs
LDCs
East Asia
S.E.Asia
South Asia
Source: UNDESA 2011
% of 60+ in Total Population in Selected Regions and Income Groups, 1950-2050
1. Global population ageing
Thailand and Vietnam will be the Two Most Aged Countries in South East Asia in 2050
1950 1975 2000 2025 20500
5
10
15
20
25
30
6.2 5.47.6
12.8
22.3
5 5
8.1
17.1
27.1
7 7.5 7.5
12.6
23.5CAMBODIAINDONESIALAOSMALAYSIAMYANMARPHILIPPINESTHAILANDEASTTIMORVIETNAM
% of 60+ in Total Population, 1950-2050
1. Global population ageing
Longevity dividend• Social and cultural contributions: Caregiving and
volunteering• Economic contributions: Giving more than
receiving• Political contributions: Voting and decision-
making
2. A vital role in society
Financial security • Poverty and social exclusion– Linked to low income, lack of pension benefits, low
literacy, poor health and malnutrition– Strong gender dimension in poverty– Multi-dimensional Social Exclusion Index: • economic (income), • social services (affordability and accessibility of health and
education), • participation (political participation and in social
networks)
3. The challenges of population ageing
Pension beneficiaries worldwide
• Mechanisms to reduce poverty in old age– Social transfers
• Extending pension coverage through non-contributory schemes• Universal social pensions can be introduced for a moderate
cost: range between 0.7% GDP to 2.6% GDP (for 60+)• Reforming contributory pension systems: either by changing
underlying parameters (parametric reforms) or by radically changing the design of the system (structural reforms)
• Private transfers and assets– Economic development and employment
“Older persons should be enabled to continue with income generating work for as long as they want and for as long as they are able to do so productively.” (Madrid Plan, para. 22)
Need for policy change
3. The challenges of population ageing
Advancing health into old age• The rise of non-communicable diseases– Biggest cause of death; Millions living with
disabilities; Global concern on dementia, distress– Risk factors for chronic diseases: high blood
pressure, smoking, and high blood glucose level• Quality of care and rising healthcare costs:
double cost burden in developing countries• Poor conditions earlier in life place older
people at risk of serious health problems
3. The challenges of population ageing
Prevalence of moderate and severe disability in adults aged 60+ by leading health condition associated with disability, in developed and developing countries
• Approaches for healthy ageing– Change in health-care system in response to the
change from CD to NCD– Training of care providers and health professionals– Prevention, early detection and effective
management programmes– Promoting good health and healthy behaviours at
all ages to prevent or delay the development of chronic disease
3. The challenges of population ageing
Age-friendly environments and Delivery human rights for older persons
• Improving infrastructure: aged-friendly cities• Old age in migration: more older migrants and old age staying
behind• Ageing in climate change and protection in emergencies• Supporting family caregivers• Exposing elder abuse and discrimination• Human rights challenges for older people: – discrimination; – poverty and inadequate living conditions; – violence and abuse against older people; and – lack of special measures, mechanisms and services for older
people.
3. The challenges of population ageing
“Population ageing presents challenges for governments and society, but need not be seen as a crisis”
• Key points for consideration in decision-making:– Older persons’ participation in decision-making– Age-inclusive approach to stakeholders– Mainstreaming ageing and older persons
• Needs:– Challenge age discrimination– Ensure income security for all– Ensure access to quality health– Enhance capacity building, research and data– Budget allocation to develop, implement and evaluate evidence-
based policies
4. The way forward
Thank you for your attention.