agenda industry issues automation & technology the difference good vs bad
TRANSCRIPT
AGENDA
Industry Issues
Automation & Technology
THE DIFFERENCE Good vs Bad
www.jinkosolar.com Source : GTM Research 3
We know what
happened !!!
Sustainability
2008
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Reliability
A University of Arizona study found annual degradation levels of 1.7% on 1,900 modules in the field for 3 - 18 years.
Average
1.7 % 0.7 %
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Average
~ 22 %
Consistency
Repeatability
Surprises !!!
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“Oh no! our modules are down 40%, we think it is potential–induced degradation”
‐anonymous module manufacturer, 2010
For a typical 20 MW, 1 % less Energy Yield
10% Profitability Loss
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Value
Cost ControlSustainability
Reliability Consistency
Process & Technology
Automation
R&D
CATEGORIZATION OF MANUFACTURERS
TIER 1
TIER 2
TIER 3
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Vertical IntegrationAutomated Robotic Assembly
Heavy R&D Investments Stringent QC
Not full IntegrationPartial automation
Little or no R&D Investments Moderate QC
Only assembly – no cells Human production lines
Zero R&D Investments Minimal QC
Excellent Quality Cost ControlSustainability
Vertical Integration
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Virgin Polysilicon
Recovered Silicon Materials
ModulesCellsWafersIngots Systems
Economies of Scale
Efficiency Improvement
Quality Control
Cost Control
?
New Jersey Office
JinkoSolar (U.S.) Est. Aug 2010
San Francisco office (US HQ)
JinkoSolar GmbH Est. April 1, 2010
Swiss Office Est.
Sept.2011
EuropeanWarehouses
Montpellier office
(France) Bologna
Office (Italy)
Singapore office (APAC HQ)
India office (in
process)
Ontario office (Canada)
JinkoSolar production facilities
Queensland Office (Australia)
Tokyo office (Japan)
www.jinkosolar.com Vertical Integration-Capacity Growth (MW)
Sustainable Growth
• 2 production facilities（ Shangrao and Haining)
• 13 sales offices in 10 countries• 2012 ranking in key solar markets:
#1 Italy #3 Germany #2 France #2 China
Shanghai and office in Beijing
Growth rate 90%
2009 Mid-2010 2010
1
Mid-2011
2011
IngotWaferCellModule
0.6GW
1 GW1.2GW
South Africa Office
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NPC Japan
1200 – 1300 Cell per Hour
Low Breakage Rates: 0.1% - 0.3%
High Throughput
Min Cell Handling
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Texturing
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PV Cell Architecture
Reduced Optical ReflectivityImproved Light Absorption
Higher Cell Efficiency
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1. Next Generation Technology: High-Power PERL Cells
PERL cells use a thin ceramic film layers on the back of the cell to dramatically increase solar cell voltage (Voc)
5% more peak power per moduleStandard Cell Cross Section PERL Cell Cross
Section
All metal coverage ( ) with full area contact ( )Limited Voc and Power
Point contact area ( ) with ceramic film passivation ( )Increased Voc and Power
Front-side of cell
R&D: Projects
R&D efforts are sharply focused on two emerging technologies:
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ABC cells place all of metal contact strips at the back of the cell
Triple Benefit:
1. Less metal on the front means more sunlight on the cells
2. Simplified back connections reduce power loss & improve reliability
3. Improved aesthetics
3% more peak power per module
Standard Cell
ABC Cell
2. Next Generation Technology: ABC (All Back Contact) Solar Cells & Modules
R&D: Projects
Incoming Materials Quality Control
IQCCell
materials control
Module materials
control
Wafer control
Screen
Paste
Appearance
Lifetime
Resistivity
Efficiency
LID
Full automatic ATM wafer inspection system
Appearance
Finger widthTensionThickness
SolidsViscosityAdhesion testingPrinting effectEfficiency
EVA• cross-
linkage• Shrinkage• appearance
Glass• anti-
impaction• particle
level• Appearance• Light
transmittance
Back sheet
• peel strength
• appearance
Al-frame
• oxide thickness
• hardness• Appearance• curvature
Junction box
• Withstand test
• waterproof• appearance
Copper strip
• flexibility• welding
capacity• coat -
appearance• resistivity
Silicon• skin-dry
time• tensile
strength
Sampling according to GB2828-2203
GENERATION – 50 Plants Gujarat
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1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 490
50
100
150
200
250
84 MWh/Month
216 MWh/MonthGeneration/MW of 50 plants in Gujarat for the same month
