agricultural census & sample surveys of u.s. agriculture presented by kevin l. barnes national...
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Agricultural Census &Sample Surveys of U.S. Agriculture
presented byKevin L. Barnes
National Agricultural Statistics ServiceU.S. Department of Agriculture
FAO/NASS/GSS Technical Workshop on Sampling 19-23 April 2010ACCRA, Ghana
Discussion Topics
• NASS view of census and sample surveys• How NASS uses frames for census and
sample surveys• NASS survey program for major crops• Examples of census based follow-on
surveys conducted by NASS• Challenges for census based surveys
U.S. Agricultural Statistics System
efficiently use limited resourcesto satisfy needs of data users
Censuscomprehensive
5 year benchmark
county, state & U.S.
Sample Surveys timely
state & U.S.
efficient
selected commodities
National Agricultural Statistics Service
Agricultural Census
all farms
fertilizer & chemical usefarm production expenses
inventory & value of machinery & equipmentmarket value of land & buildings
farm labor
~ years ending in “2” & “7” ~inventories as of December 31 ~ production, sales & other information for calendar year
total area & land useirrigation
land in government programs
field & forage cropsfruits, nuts & berriesvegetables & melons
horticultural specialties
livestock & poultryanimal specialties
aquacultureproduction contractsgross value of sales
direct sales to consumers
government loansgovernment program
paymentsfarm-related income
grain storage capacityoperator characteristics
farm organization
U.S. Census of Agriculture
U.S. Census of Agriculture
List Sampling Frame
Census
Sample Surveys
Updates
Updates
External List Sources
Area
Frame
U.S. Census of Agriculture
NASS Survey Program for Major Crops
jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
Crop Yield Surveys small grains
summer crops
Quarterly Agricultural Surveys
summer crops: planting intentions planted areaharvest intentions
– planted areaharvested area
production
small grains: planted areaharvest intentions
planted areaharvest intentions
planted areaharvested area
production
planted area(for harvest next year)
on-farm grain stocks: storage capacityquantity stored
storage capacityquantity stored
small grains - final old crop
storage capacityquantity stored
summer crops - final old crop
storage capacityquantity stored
Off-farm Grain Stocks Surveys
Prices Received by Farmers
Census Based Follow-on Surveys
2008 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey
2008 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey
Census form screening question
Farm & Ranch Irrigation Survey
sample of operations reporting irrigationon the agricultural census
irrigated areaarea, yield & quantity of water applied by crop
methods of on-farm water distributionquantity of water used by source
number & description of irrigation wells & pumpsenergy use
irrigation facilities & equipment costsirrigation maintenance & repair costs
irrigation & water management practicesimprovements to irrigation systems
recycled water use and systems
~years ending in “4” & “9” ~
2008 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey
2008 Organic Production Survey
2008 Organic Production Survey
Census form screening questions
2008 Organic Production Survey
all USDA certified organic farms
fertilizer & chemical usefarm production expenses
total land areaarea harvested by crop
acres Irrigatedfield & forage cropsfruits, nuts & berriesvegetables & melons
livestock & poultryanimal specialties
production and marketing practicesgross value of sales
direct sales to consumersvalue added sales
2008 Organic Production Survey
2009 Census of Horticultural Specialties
2009 Census of Horticultural Specialties
Census form screening question
Horticultural Census
establishments growing & selling$10,000 or more of horticultural specialties
~ years ending in “8” ~
units,wholesale & total
sales:bedding plants
potted flowering plantscut flowers
cut cultivated greensfoliage plants
deciduous treesunfinished plant materials
area,wholesale & total
sales:nursery plants
turfgrassbulbs
greenhouse fruits & vegetablesvegetable seedsaquatic plants
Christmas treestobacco transplants
area, production,wholesale & total
sales:mushroomsflower seeds
short term woody plants
value of land & buildingsvalue of machinery & equipmentarea & structure of greenhouses
area irrigated
total retail & wholesale salesmarkets
production expensesnumber of hired workers &
wages
2009 On-Farm Renewable Energy Production Survey
2009 On-Farm Renewable Energy Production Survey
Census form screening question
2010 Tenure, Ownership & Transfer of Agricultural Land Survey
2010 Tenure, Ownership & Transfer of Agricultural Land Survey
sample of farm operators & their landlordsland owned, rented in & rented out
rent by method of paymentquantity & value of land acquisitions & sales
land usemarket value of land & buildings
production expensescapital expenditures
farm assetsfarm income
farm debtfarm household characteristicscharacteristics of farm owners
landlord participation in management decisions
~ periodic as follow-on to agricultural census ~
Challenges For Census Based Surveys
Rapid changes in the agricultural sector can result in the census frame being outdated.
Sampling and stratification rely on the quality and accuracy of list frame control data.
Changes to the frame can cause difficulty in maintaining the integrity of the frame.
It can sometimes be a challenge to accurately define the sample population.