agricultural nets & floating row covers - new tools for vegetable production in africa; gardening...

8/9/2019 Agricultural Nets & Floating Row Covers - New Tools for Vegetable Production in Africa; Gardening Guidebook

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Good Morning

Nzuri AsubuhiBonjour


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Agricultural Nets and Floating Row Covers: New Tools for Vegetable Production in Africa

Vance Baird (MSU)

Thibaud Martin (CIRAD)

Mathieu Ngouajio (MSU) Hort CRSP 2013


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o About 33% of thepopulation in sub-

Saharan Africa is

undernourished

(FAO 2006)

o Fruit and Vegetable

consumption is 20

to 80% below therecommended

intake levels

Malnutrition

continues to

promote

among

the populations


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o Pest, weed and

disease managemento Lack of adequate

training

o Lack of capitalo Environment, etc.

??????????


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Preferred Situation

Common situation


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Partnership

to developsolutions

adapted to

low income,

small-scale

vegetablegrowers

USA

MSU

France

CIRAD

Kenya

•Egerton Univ.

•icipe

•KARITanzania

•

A to Z•

Textile

Mills

Benin

• Abome C. Univ.

• Apretectra

•INRAB

Partnership among- 5 countries

- 10 institutions/organizations

- More than 15 researchers


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Prof. Dr. has taken a one-year

leave of absence from the Horticulture Department at

Michigan State University to serve as the United States

Department of Agriculture’s National Program Leaderfor Cropping Systems

USDA - National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)

Institute of Food Production and SustainabilityStop 2240

1400 Independence Avenue, SW

Washington, DC 20250-2240


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•USA

– Dr. Mathieu Ngouajio (PD) – MSU- Vegetable production specialist

– Dr. Karim M. Maredia- MSU- IPM specialist (project advisory board member)

– Dr. Vance Baird (New PD)- MSU

•France

– Dr. Thibaud Martin (Co-PD)- CIRAD- Entomologist – Dr. Laurent Parrot- CIRAD- Economist

– Dr. Hubert De Bon-CIRAD- Agronomist (project advisory board member)

•Kenya

– Dr. Lusike Wasilwa –KARI-Molecular plant Pathologist

– Dr. Subramanian Sevgan – icipe – IPM specialist and Entomologist

– Dr. Mwanarusi Saidi – Egerton University – Hort icul ture specialist

– Dr. Muo Kasina – KARI – IPM specialist and Entomologis t

– Ms. Fatuma Omari – KARI

•Benin

– Dr. Francoise Komlan- INRAB- Agronomist

– Dr. Anselme Adegbidi- Abomey Calavi University- Economist

– Mr. Damien Ahounagassi - APRETECTRA- Extension specialist

– Mr. Serge Simon-CIRAD- Agronomist

•Tanzania

– Dr. Pierre Guil let- A to Z Texti le Mills- Entomologis t


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Harness alternative pest

management techniques, micro-

climate modifications and

educational opportunities to

improve vegetable production in Africa


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Objective # 1:

Technology Development / Implementation

Adapt and optimize AgroNets, and other

row cover technologies, for year-round

production of vegetables under diverselocal conditions


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Objective # 2:

Cost and Social Impact

Determine the costs, benefits, and socio-

economic viability of AgroNets and row

cover technologies


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Objective # 3:

Capacity Building & Extension

Increase local human capacity, femaleempowerment, adoption and use of

locally-adapted “ AgroNets” and other row

covers in target communities


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Target Countries

EAST AFRICAKenya

WEST AFRICA

Benin

Differences- Climatic

- Socio-economic

- Etc.


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i o t a m e d i a

. w o r d p r e s s . c o m


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Eco-Friendly Nets

Micro-climate

modificationLight

Temperature

Relative Humidi ty

Soil Moisture

Insect

population

dynamicsPest exclusion

New pests

Crop biology

& physiologyGrowth

Architecture

Reproduction

Yield, Quality, and Economics


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Year 1

On-Farm

Innovative farmers

(40 sites)

Year 2

On-Farm

Innovative farmers

(40 sites)

Year 3

On-Farm

Full scale extension

(>100 sites)

Benin: Cabbage

Year 1 & 2

On-Station Research &Training

(3 sites)

Year 2

On-Farm

Innovative farmers

(15 sites)

Year 3

On-Farm

Full scale extension

(>50 sites)

Benin: Tomato

Kenya: Cabbage + tomato


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Accomplishmentsq Demonstration trials in 21

farms

q 40 farms selected for next set

of trialsq 21 farmers trained (13 female

and 8 males)

q A large survey of 300 farmers

conducted

NGO (APRETECTRA) Team

Farmer training and surveys


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Accomplishmentsq Second season of research

station trials underway

q Serge Simon has been assigned

full time to the project (Cirad match) Serge Simon (Cirad)


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INRAB Tomato nursery trial

INRAB Tomato production trial


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Example of farmers: Seme Region


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Accomplishments

q Two seasons completed on nursery studies

q Second field season underway

Research station sites:

- Njoro: High Land

- Nairobi: High-Mid Land- Thika: Low Land

Laboratory site:

- Nairobi (icipe)

Net Production si te:

- Arusha, Tanzanie

Kari Centers Network and agro-ecological regions


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Egerton University siteField day at Egerton University


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nNursery protectionduring transplant

productionE.g. Cabbage transplant trial

at KARI March 2011

No net Net protection


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b

b b

ba

a

a

a

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

10 17 24 31

H e i g h t ( c m / p l a n

t )

Days after planting

Control

Net

b

b b b

a

a

a a

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.03.5

4.0

4.5

10 17 24 31

L e a v e s ( n o . / p l a n t )

Day after planting

Control

Net

• High percentage of seed germinationwith the nets (95% vs. 45%

• Improved seedling growth and

development


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nOpen field vegetableproductionE.g. Cabbage field trials in

Benin

No net Net protection

Benin field trials


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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

T e m p e r a t u r e ( o C

)

R e l a t i v e h u m

i d i t y ( % )

Days after planting

Control relative humidity Net relative humidity

Control temperature Net temperature

Season 1

Microclimate data Kenya 2011

Uniform response in two growing seasons (season 1 shown here)


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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41

T e m p e r a t u r e ( ° C )

Days after Planting

TNP

ANet 0,4 NT Perm

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

14 18 22 26 30 34 38 42

R e l a t i v e h u m i d i t y ( % )

Days after planting

TNP

ANet 0,4 NT Perm

Hot season

Cool season

Hot season

Cool season

Microclimate data Benin 2011

Big contrast between the two seasons

q Relative humidity near 100% during the hotseason

q Temperature too high ins ide the nets during the

dry season

>>>> Poor germination and transplant growth in

the hot season

Farmers developed innovative strategies byshading the nursery with palm leaves


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Insect data Benin 2011

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64

H e l i c o v e

r p a a r m i g e r a p e r p l a n t

Days after planting

T N P

ANet 0,4 NT Perm

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64

H e l l u l a

u n d a l i s p e r p l a n t

Days after planting

T N P

ANet 0,4 NT Perm

Terrain.net.nz

Cabbage web wormTomato fruit worm


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Insect data Benin 2011

0

5

10

15

15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64

S p o d o p t e r a s p . p e r p l a n t

Days after planting

T N P

ANet 0,4 NT Perm

physicalgeography.net

Aphids

The nets do not

control all insects

especially aphids

Nets treated

with insecticides


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Cabbage yield Benin 2011

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

T N P ANet 0,4 NTPerm

ANet 0,4 NT 3 j ANet 0,4 NTQuot

ANet 0,9 NTPerm

ANet 0,9 NT 3j ANet 0,9 NTQuot

Y i e l d

T / H a

Traitements

MarketableUnmarketable

70% decrease of chemical sprays in farmer fields


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Tomato yield Kenya 2011-2012


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Student Country Institution Degree

Faustin Vidogbéna Benin University of Abomey-Calavi Ph.D. Catherine Gacheri Kenya Kenyatta University M.S.

Judith Kiptoo Kenya Moi University M.S.

Carolyn Achieng’a Kenya Kenyatta University M.S.

Victor Juma Kenya Kenyatta University M.S.

Elisha Otieno Gogo Kenya Egerton University M.S. Everlyne M’mbone Muleke Kenya Egerton University M.S.

Victor Agohoundjè Benin EPAC University of Abomey-Calavi B.S.*

Hilaire Agonsè Benin GASA Formation (Private University) M.S.

Lauriane Yèhouénou Benin FSA University of Abomey- Calavi B.S.*

Gildas M. Adjovi Benin FSA University of Abomey- Calavi B.S.* Rustique G. J. Akodogbo Benin FSA University of Abomey- Calavi B.S.*

Sandrine S. S. L. Sègla Benin FSA University of Abomey- Calavi B.S.*

Yèyinou Ginette Azandeme Benin icipe Ph.D.

Emilie Delétré France Cirad Ph.D.

* B.S with research project


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Mss. Sandrine Segla

Four students defended their research in Benin

Mss. Lauriane Yèhouénou

Mr. Gildas M. Adjovi

Mr. Rustique G. J. Akodogbo


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Hundreds of High School students have visited trials in Kenya


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Excellent tool to

draw student

interest in

agriculture


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• Agro-ecology andIPM short course at

MSU: June 17- Aug

3, 2012

• Five scientists from

focus countriesattended the

training


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Acknowledgements


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For more informations:

- Saidi M, EO Gogo, FM Itulya, T Martin, M Ngouajio 2013. Microclimate modification using

eco-friendly nets and floating row covers improves tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) yield

and quality for small holder farmers in East Africa (submitted)

- Gogo EO , M Saidi, FM Itulya, T Martin, M Ngouajio 2013. Eco-friendly nets and floating row

covers reduce pest infestation and improve tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) yield for small

holder farmers in East Africa. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture (submitted)

- Kamal A, E Delétré, Romain Bonafos, T Martin 2013. Repellent effect of an

alphacypermethrin treated net against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius. Journal of

Economic entomology (submitted)

- Martin T, R Palix, A Kamal, E Delétré, R Bonafos, S Simon, M Ngouajio 2013. A repellent

treated netting as a new technology for protecting vegetable crops. Journal of Economic

Entomology (accepted)

- Muleke EM, M Saidi, FM Itulya, T Martin, M Ngouajio 2013. Enhancing Cabbage Seed

Germination and Seedling Quality Using Eco-Friendly Nets. Agronomy 3, 2.

- Gogo EO, M Saidi, FM Itulya, T Martin, M Ngouajio 2012. Microclimate Modification Using

Eco-Friendly Nets for High Quality Tomato Transplant Production by Small-Scale Farmers in

East Africa. Hort Technology, 22, 292-298.


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Thank You

AsanteMerci


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o What do we want to achieve:General information on the project

(8 min)

o What we have accomplished sofar: Project accomplishments

(12 min)

o What remains to be accomplished:Future activities (5 min)

o Questions ??? (5 min)

Vance

Thibaud

Thibaud

Team


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i o t a m e d i a . w o r d p r e s s . c o m

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