European Commission

Agriculture and Food Security for Agriculture and Food Security for DevelopmentDevelopment

David RadcliffeDavid RadcliffeUnit B2, Sustainable management of Unit B2, Sustainable management of Natural ResourcesNatural Resources. . DG DevelopmentDG Development

1313thth October 2010October 2010

European Commission

Food Security: the challengeFood Security: the challengeHunger and malnutrition have increased in the world affectinghuman development, social and political stability, and progress towards MDGs

Number of food insecure in 2009: 1.02 billionMDG1 seriously off-track

European Commission

Global Food DeprivationGlobal Food Deprivation

Source: FAO

European Commission

Agriculture: large economic sector in poor countriesAgriculture: large economic sector in poor countriesShare of Labor in Agriculture and Shre of Agriculture in GDP

AGO

ARG

AZE

BDI

BEN

BFA

BGD

BGR

BLRBOL

BRACHL

CHN

CIV

CMR

COL

CZE

DOMDZAECU

EGY

ETH

GHA

GINGTMHND

HUN

IDN

IND IRNKEN

KHM

LAO

LKA

MAR

MDG

MEX

MLI

MOZMWI

MYS

NER

NGA

NPL

PAK

PER

PHL

PNG

POL

PRY

ROM

RWA

SDN

SEN

SLV

SVK

SYR

TCD

TGO

THA

TJK

TUN TUR

TZAUGA

UKR

UZB

VEN

VNMYEM

ZAF

ZAR

ZMB ZWE

AGO

ARG

AZE

BDI

BEN

BFA

BGD

BGR

BLR

BOL

BRACHL

CHN

CIV

CMR

COL

CZE

DOM

DZAECU

EGY

ETH

GHA

GIN

GTM

HND

HUN

IDN

IND

IRN

KEN

KHM

LAO

LKA

MAR

MDG

MEX

MLIMOZMWI

MYS

NER

NGA

NPL

PAK

PER

PHL

PNG

POL

PRY

ROM

RWA

SDN

SEN

SLV

SVK

SYR

TCD

TGOTHA

TJK

TUN

TUR

TZAUGA

UKR

UZB

VEN

VNM

YEM

ZAF

ZAR

ZMB

ZWE

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9Log of GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$), 1990-2005

Share of Agriculture in GDP Share of Labor in Agriculture

Source: World Bank, DDP,September 2006

The share of agriculture in GDP can be 30-50% in poor countries; the share in employment 60-90%

The share of agriculture in GDP can be 30-50% in poor countries; the share in employment 60-90%

Source World Bank , WDR 2008

European Commission

How is EU responding?

European Commission

Relevant European Commission InitiativesRelevant European Commission InitiativesNew Communication: EU Policy framework to assist developing countries addressing food security challenges (March 2010)

Implementation framework being prepared with member states

Food facilityFood Security Thematic Programme

Moving to second phase 2011-13

European Development FundRTD Framework Programme 7

European Commission

ApproachApproach ofof thethe CommunicationCommunication

The proposed policy framework addresses foodinsecurity accross the 4 pillars:

1) Increasing availability of food2) Improving access to food3) Improving nutritional adequacy of food intake4) Enhancing crisis prevention and management

To be effective, assistance needs to be adapted to the country/regional context

European Commission

Policy Communication PrioritiesPolicy Communication Priorities

The Communication proposes that the EU should prioritise 4 broad dimensions:

Improve smallholder resilience and rural livelihoodsSupport effective governanceSupport regional agriculture and food securitypoliciesStrengthen assistance mechanisms for vulnerable population groups

European Commission

Smallholders are central to the PolicySmallholders are central to the Policy

Sustainable small-scale food production as a main focal area of EU assistance:

Ecologically efficient intensificationValue chain approach (with due attention to financing, processing and markets)Governance key - particularly around landDemand-driven research and innovation (incl. CC adaptation)Reducing post-harvest lossesRegional integration

European Commission

FSTP and ENRTP: Deepening collaborationFSTP and ENRTP: Deepening collaborationFSTP

Agricultural research to generate international public goodsLinking information systems with food security response strategiesContinental and regional approaches

ENRTPPromoting environmental sustainabilityPromoting implementation of EU commitments, including

EU water and energy initiatives

Climate change

Biodiversity

Sustainable land management

Forests

Illegal logging and forest governance

Fisheries and marine resources

European Commission

EU Policies on Information Systems for Food Security (ISFS)EU Policies on Information Systems for Food Security (ISFS)Challenges on ISFS:

Harmonisation and coordination of ISFS: national, regional and global levels. Emergency of continental level, i.e. CAADP

Need for quality, reliability, updating and transparency of data. Important to stimulate country demand for quality of information

Multiple initiatives but a lack of harmonization and understanding of needs. Actions should be defined collectively.

What role for Earth observation/ remote sensing systems?

How to factor in impacts of climate change?

Possible future response: setup of an international network of ISFS stakeholders as a platform for discussion and coordination on ISFS

European Commission 12

Why EO is important to developmentWhy EO is important to developmentMany development challenges have a geographical dimension:

Food Security30% population undernourished and 28% children malnourished.

Crop productivity < population growth

Climate ChangeExtremely vulnerable, weak adaptive capacity

High risk that coping thresholds are exceeded

Crops yields reduced by 50% in some African countries

Natural Disasters0.7 million fatalities, 319 million affected, $24 billion damage from 1980 to 2008

Water resources management25% population experiences high water stress

Rapid melting of glaciers

DesertificationTwo thirds of African land degraded; 485 million affected, exacerbated by climate change

Deforestation4 million hectares of African forest lost between 2000 and 2005

European Commission

Projected Water scarcity in 2025Projected Water scarcity in 2025

Source: IWMI 2000

European Commission

Climate change impact on production: Climate change impact on production: RainfedRainfed maize, 2050maize, 2050

Global production = - 16%Source: M. Rosegrant (IFPRI) 2009

European Commission

DEV DEV –– GEO: Who is contributing to what?GEO: Who is contributing to what?“The real value of Earth observation can only be realised if its construction is guided by user needs rather than by technology” – Prof. José Achache

An iterative relationship:Development needs drive information requirements

Strengthen justification for global integrated system

Infrastructure, data handling, analytical capability matched to user needs

Awareness and capacity building increase demand for services

GEO supports development and development contributes to GEO

InternationalUnited Nations

World BankConventions

GEONGOs

AfricaAfrican Union

ACP SecretariatRegions

Countries

ECDGs, Delegations

ScienceUniversities

NetworksCGIAR

Space agencies

Member States

D, GB, B, PT, FNL, DK…

Land degradation and desertification

Food security & Rural development

Climate Change

Marine resources& Fisheries

Crisis response& Humanitarian Aid

Biodiversity protection

Renewable Energies

Water management

DisastersReduction

Conflict prevention& Early warning

Soil resources Forest resources

The ACP Observatory