Chapter 25 Post Impressionism

Increasing economic instability, expanding colonialism, and increasing nationalism fused with the need for personal identity and purity lead to conflict on a global scale.

People began to question established tradition, law, and the concept of truth.  

Some turned back to the church and explored new religions from the East.

 Others sought answers in science and the developing fields of psychology, sociology, anthropology, and art.

Term coined by the British artist and art critic Roger Fry in 1910 to describe the development of French art since Manet.

Fry applied the term wile organizing the 1910 exhibition “Manet and the Post-Impressionists”

Poster of the 1889 Exhibition of Paintings by the Impressionist and Synthetiste Group, at Café des Arts, known as the The Volpini Exhibition, 1889.

Post-ImpressionismMost often associated with 5 painters who were influenced by Impressionism:

Paul Cézanne(1839-1906)Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)

Vincent van Gogh (1953-1890)Georges Pierre Seurat (1859-1891)Henri Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901)

These artists were contemporaries of the Impressionists but chose NOT to work in the Impressionist style.

The rejection of restrictions of ImpressionismContinued and exaggerated use of vivid colorThick application of paintNoticeable application of pigment (distinctive and personalized brushstrokes)Contemporary subject matterAccentuation of geometric form for expressionist purposeAbstracted form

25.1 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec , Quadrille at the Moulin Rouge , 1892.

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901)

Post-Impressionists, unlike the Impressionists, were not afraid to paint the seedy side of modern life.

Lautrec captured nighttime activities and lives of the less-than-savory characters of Paris.

 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, La Goulue at the Moulin Rouge , 1891.

Toulouse-Lautrec’s posters elevated graphic design within the fine arts.

25.3 Paul Cézanne , Self-Portrait , c. 1872.

25.4 Paul Cézanne, Still Life with Apples , 1875–87

Link to more still life paintings

https://www.google.com/search?q=cezanne+still+life&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=U1MmU5eUGo_xrAHe9IH4Aw&sqi=2&ved=0CCcQsAQ&biw=1517&bih=714&dpr=0.9

25.5 Paul Cézanne , Mont Sainte-Victoire , c. 1900.

25.6 Georges Seurat , Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte , 1884–86

Georges Seurat, self portrait Charcoal drawing

25.9 Vincent van Gogh , Bedroom at Arles , 1889

25.10 Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night , 1889.

25.11 Vincent van Gogh, Self-Portrait , 1889

Potato Eaters

Sowers (after Millet)

Sunflowers

Night Cafe

Crows over Cornfield

25.13 Paul Gauguin, The Yellow Christ , 1889

25.14 Paul Gauguin, Self-Portrait with Halo , 1889

25.15 Paul Gauguin, Nevermore , 1897.

25.16 Paul Gauguin, Idol with the Seashell , 1893.

Symbolism

25.17 Gustave Moreau, Galatea , 1880–81

Gustave Klimt-  The Kiss

25.18 Edvard Munch , The Scream , 1893.

Woodcuts

25.19 Henri Rousseau , The Dream , 1910

Henri Rousseau , Sleeping Gypsy

After reading Chapter 25, you should be able to do the following:

Distinguish Post-Impressionism from Impressionism.

Discuss Post-Impressionist developments in the theme of the reclining nude.

Describe the characteristic brushstrokes of each artist in the chapter.

Compare Manet’s development from the 1860s to the 1880s with Cézanne’s change to color.

Discuss the style and role of Toulouse-Lautrec’s posters.

Describe the Symbolist movement in art and literature.

Discuss the assimilation of Classical myth in Post-Impressionism and Symbolism.

Compare Symbolism with Post-Impressionism.