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TRANSCRIPT
COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Milestone 2: Student Portrait
Learning Path
Milestone 2 Overview
Milestone 2 Learning Activities
Typography of the Face
The Changing Expression
Posing or Framing
Key, Fill, Hair, Edge, and Background
Using Color or Black and White
Key, Contrast, Filters, and Depth of Field Exploring Photography: Finding the Perfect Portrait Lens with Chris Orwig
Summary
Textbook: Light and Lighting
Textbook: Composition and Context
Milestone 2 Task 1: Instructions
Milestone 2 Task 1: Post Here
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COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Due <Week 2, Day 3> Milestone 2 Submission: Instructions
Milestone 2 Submission: Post Here Due <Week 2, Day 7>
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COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Milestone 2 Overview
Milestone 2: Student Portrait
A face—we all have one and we have our own likes and dislikes about our face too. What you like about someone's face, they may not. When you look at your own face, you begin to realize how three-dimensional it is. A nose that sticks out, eyes that sink in, small or large ears, and that forehead you could write on. Then, the smile breaks and everything moves. The face is a landscape that changes with every thought. At the moment, the photographer snaps a portrait, the face conveys a glimpse of emotion, and sometimes, an entire life. Keeping this in mind, you will create images shot both in the studio as well as in an environment of a model posing as a student. who attends Bowenhouse College.
What You Will Learn
When you successfully complete this milestone, you will be able to:
Analyze and take a close look at facial features. Plan on how to approach lighting for those features.
You will complete…
Learning Activities Typography of the Face The Changing Expression Posing or Framing Key, Fill, Hair, Edge, and Background Using Color or Black and White Key, Contrast, Filters, and Depth of Field Summary
Required Readings
From your course textbook, The Portrait Photography Course: Principles, Practice, and Techniques: The Essential Guide for Student Photographers, read the following chapters:
Light and Lighting (pp. 66–77) Composition and Context
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COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Task 1: Studio vs. Environment: Student PortraitPhotograph a student (a new male or female model) attending Bowenhouse College. Your portraits will be taken both in a studio and in an environment. Work two of your studio lights with the strobe setting: a key and a fill light. Also, work towards a soft lighting effect with a 1:1 or 2:1 light ratio. Throughout the task, you’ll be adjusting your focal length and composition.
Contact Sheet Proof Sheet of 4 Top Images Signed Model Release
REQUIRED 120m
Milestone 2 Submission
Revise the previously submitted artifacts in Milestone 2 Task 1. Also, submit a 300-word Milestone Report discussing your planning strategies for Milestone 2 Task 1and the challenges faced. Discuss your approach to lighting, composition, light ratio, and use of props and/or wardrobe. Additionally, discuss your plans for the next photo shoot (Milestone 3 Task 1); comment on where your shoot will take place, the lighting requirements, props, wardrobe, and who will be the model. Along with this initial plan, be prepared to have a “Plan B” and a “Plan C,” and also refer back to your Project Template.
Revised Contact Sheet Revised 4 Top Images in Proof Sheet Revised Signed Model Release Milestone Report
REQUIRED 120m
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COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Milestone 2 Learning Activities
Review each learning activity by selecting the Next button. It is recommended that you review the activities in order, beginning from Learning Activity 1, before completing your tasks.
Required Activities
[1.] TopographyTypography of the Face
Understand that good portrait photography is more than just recognizing the shape of the face and its features; it's how you, as the photographer, approach it with your lighting and posing.
READING 10m
Image/Icon related to the topic.
1.[2.] The Changing Expression
Learn the importance of understanding human facial expressions for successful portrait photography.
READING 10m
Image/Icon related to the topic.
2.[3.] Posing or Framing
Understand that the way in which you pose your subject either creates a flattering or a non-flattering image. The same can be said for how you choose to frame your subject within the camera.
READING 10m
Image/Icon related to the topic.
3.[4.] Key, Fill, Hair, Edge, and Background
Learn the importance of working with multiple strobe lights such as the key, fill, hair, edge, and background lights and how it can affect your portrait.
READING 10m
Image/Icon related to the topic.
4.[5.] Using Color or Black and White Image/Icon related to the AIO-PHOA232 | Portraiture 5
COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Realize that bright colors that naturally exist in your image will help to tell a story well. If you decide to mute them or go black and white, it should be with great specific reason.
READING 10m
topic.
5.[6.] Key, Contrast, Filters, and Depth of Field
Know that the decisions you make regarding key, contrast, filters, and depth of field will affect the final portrait.
READING 10m
Image/Icon related to the topic.
6.[7.] Exploring Photography: Finding the Perfect Portrait Lens with Chris Orwig
https://www.lynda.com/Cameras-Gear-tutorials/Finding-Perfect-Portrait-Lens/182035-2.html?srchtrk=index%3a1 linktypeid%3a2 q%3aFocal+length,+distortion,+and+compression page%3a1 s%3arelevance sa%3atrue producttypeid%3a2
Course from Lynda.com
https://www.lynda.com/Cameras-Gear-tutorials/Finding-Perfect-Portrait-
Lens/182035-2.html?srchtrk=index
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%3aFocal+length%2c+distortion
%2c+and+compression%0apage%3a1%0as%3arelevance%0asa
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7.[8.] Summary
Look back at many photographic approaches to creating a portrait, such as typography of the face, expressions,
Image/Icon related to the topic.
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posing and framing, lighting, editing, and the use of color or black and white.
READING 2m
Required Readings
From your course textbook, The Portrait Photography Course: Principles, Practice, and Techniques: The Essential Guide for Student Photographers, read the following chapters:
Light and Lighting (pp. 66–77) Composition and Context
Topography Typography of the Face
Good portrait photography is more than just recognizing the shape of the face and its features; it's how you, as the photographer, approach it. Your approach with lighting and posing will either accent or minimize that big nose. This is also true for a subject who has one eye larger than another. Our faces are not symmetrical and your choices will either exaggerate or minimize (flatter) these features.
As you try to become aware of your subject's unique traits, it is important not to stare and to be careful with your words. Your sitter is greatly aware of those features you are just now discovering. Look for the features that you will want to flatter. For example, one side of the face may be broader than the other, one eye may be larger than the other, or the nose may be large or crooked. The goal should be to attain balance and symmetry while accurately and respectfully depicting the subject.
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The Changing Expression
Understanding human facial expressions is integral to successful portrait photography. It is important to know and understand expressions beyond just happy or sad, as these are expansive and sometimes have a subtle variety. The greater your knowledge of these emotions and their resulting expressions, the more clearly you can express to your subject what emotion, and therefore, what facial expression you are trying to capture. As a photographer, your understanding of expressions will better equip you to capture these expressions on your subject.
Posing or Framing
Typically, a headshot is a photograph that frames the subject in a vertical frame, leaving some space above the head and to either side of the shoulders. The bottom of the photo ends just at the collarbone. Traditional portrait photography is either shot or cropped to an 8 × 10 aspect ratio. This is not native to 35 mm cameras. The bottom of the image will be further down the body, usually ending at an unflattering place. It is not a requirement to shoot vertically; many strong portrait headshots have been made in a horizontal frame. If you choose to shoot vertically, it is best to give some extra space around your subject for cropping later.
A major consideration in headshots is the intended end use. If the photo is to be used in a press release or announcement, then a large, extremely toothy grin may be over the top. Ask how the photo will be used, then look for similar examples. Newspaper, magazine, and book covers are often a good place to start. If you arrange your subject with shoulders square to camera and head straight, the subject may look bored and stiff; a slight body angle to the camera and a tilt for the head and shoulders will help.
It is also important to consider hand and arm posing for headshots. Hands should look natural no matter how they are placed, and the wrists should never appear limp. If the subject is holding a prop, direct him or her to use a relaxed grip. Hands holding anything too tightly will look strained. Watch that the subject does not spread his or her fingers too widely, as this is distracting. The longest line of the hand is from the wrist to the tip of the pinky finger; so, when possible, photograph with this side toward the camera. This pose is great for women, as it will
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create a longer and feminine finish. Surprisingly, this pose will also work for men without appearing too feminine.
When the shoulders are tilted and the head tilts towards the higher shoulder, it is a feminine head tilt. The opposite positioning, tilting the head toward the lower shoulder, is known as masculine head tilt. The direction of the head tilt can have a large impact on the look of the portrait. It is a good practice to keep a male subject in the masculine tilt. Usually, you will want to use feminine head tilt for female subjects, but for a female executive portrait or for other powerful women, it may make sense to use masculine head tilt. For both male and female subjects, you must watch while posing the head for a double chin.
Turning the shoulders clockwise will help narrow and balance broad shoulders. If you think ahead for which direction you want the subject to sit or turn toward, then setting your lights for that pose will be quicker and easier. Preplanning like this will allow your shoot to run more smoothly and give your subject greater confidence in your abilities. For this reason, it is important that your studio be set up before the client arrives. Slight adjustments can be made as needed during the shoot, but the set up should be complete before the shoot begins.
Key, Fill, Hair, Edge, and Background
So far, we have only mentioned one light, the one creating the patterns covered in Milestone 1. That is the key light. The fill light is any other source used to brighten the shadows on the face created by the key light. It can be a reflector, soft box, or umbrella. Reducing shadows is one way to help flatter the skin and face and retain subtle details in the image.
A hair light comes from above and generally slightly behind your subject to highlight the hair and separate the subject from the background. Outside, this could be the sun in relationship with a flash and/or shiny reflector.
Edge lights come from behind the subject and off to the sides creating separation and an edge of light around them. These are also sometimes called rim lights. Soft boxes and umbrellas work well for this.
Background lights are the lights used to brighten any background in the photo. The background
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light faces the canvas or area behind your subject to brighten it and does not affect the exposure of the front of your subject.
As the photographer, you are the artist, and therefore, you create the mood and emotion in the photo. Generally, this starts with tone and contrast. Heavy shadows, deep skin tones, and dark wardrobe will set a very different mood than bright, fully lit photos. Scary, serious, or powerful emotions might best be lit with heavy tones, while happier emotions are best conveyed with lower contrast and brighter images.
Traditionally, soft light was equated to soft, pleasing, and sometimes romantic moments. In contemporary portrait, the hard light has become very popular for creating any mood or tone. The amount of contrast between the high light and shadow greatly influences the mood and tone of the finished portrait. There isn't a common rule about using either, so it's most important to understand how each source shapes the face and influences viewers' opinions. Ultimately, you want to combine and use each in your own unique way.
Exploring Photography: Finding the Perfect Portrait Lenshttps://www.lynda.com/Cameras-Gear-tutorials/Finding-Perfect-Portrait-Lens/182035-2.html?srchtrk=index%3a1 linktypeid%3a2 q%3aFocal+length,+distortion,+and+compression page%3a1
s%3arelevance sa%3atrue producttypeid%3a2
Using Color or Black and White
Bright colors that naturally exist in your image will help to tell a story well. If you decide to mute them or go black and white, it should be with great specific reason. You are responsible for everything inside the four corners of your photo. Those choices should be made with intention. For example, if you convert a bridal portrait to black and white except for the bride's flowers, the flowers then become the focus and could be a nice variation for the client. However, a fall portrait with colorful leaves that has been desaturated probably wouldn't impress anyone.
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Digital cameras shoot RGB images and these images need to be converted to black and white. There are a lot of software available to help with this conversion and make the photos look great. People see in color, so if your idea is to shoot convert a photo from color to black and white, it should be discussed with your client first.
Black and white photographs are often seen as classic and timeless. Always be sure to provide high-quality work specific to the agreement with your client. If you agreed to provide color work and you have some creative ideas and want to show off that aspect of your work, let them know in advance that you want to convert a couple pictures to black and white to get their opinion. Any photo shot in color can be changed to black and white during postproduction. This may be an option because you want to show off other capabilities.
Key, Contrast, Filters, and Depth of Field
The decisions you make regarding key, contrast, filters, and depth of field will affect the final portrait. Let's learn more about these choices and how they factor in the resulting photos.
Summary
We have looked at many photographic approaches to creating your portrait. Think of them as ingredients to use in your own way. The decision you make on each component will play a vital role in the portrait you want to create and distinguish you from other photographers. Portraiture comes with a long history of traditional thinking and techniques. Master these foundational rules about corrective posing and lighting techniques, and then you will learn what is and what is not flattering to the human face.
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Textbook: Light and Lighting
Textbook: Composition and Context
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Milestone 2 Task 1: Instructions
Task 1: Studio vs. Environment: Student Portrait
Hello Photographer,
We enjoyed looking at the photographs that you submitted of the faculty member. We would now like you to photograph one of the students at Bowenhouse College in both a studio and an environmental setting. With our Marketing Department having strict requirements for lighting, please take these photos under soft strobe lights. Your lighting will ultimately vary from the studio to the environment.
Remember to have the student sign a model release. We look forward to reviewing your photographs!
The Marketing Department, Bowenhouse College
Overview
For this task, photograph a model posing as a student who attends Bowenhouse College. Your model, who will be dressed as a college student, should pose against a seamless paper backdrop and in an environmental setting. With this in mind, your selection of props and wardrobe will be key in order to convey the context associated with the task. In other words, you want your viewer to understand that the person in the photo is a college student. Be sure that your subject signs your model release!
Submission Specifications
1. A combined file named PHOA232_LastnameFirstInitial_M2T1_Combined.PDF containing the following:
Contact Sheet that includes:i. 40 photos: 20 from the studio setting and 20 from the environmental
settingii. 2 wide-angle images showing two different lighting schemes; one from
the studio and one from the environmental settingiii. 2 images of handheld light meter reading the overall exposure for
incident light; 1 from the studio and 1 from the environmental settingiv. 2 images of the handheld light meter reading exposures for 1:2 or 1:1
light ratio for the studio setting; 1 Image showing the highlight reading and the other showing the shadow reading
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2. Proof Sheet that includes your top 4 images in a proof sheet Your proof sheet should have 1 image per page. Include your file number, date, and metadata in the caption.
3. Signed Model Release containing the signature of the model.
Steps for Success
Student in the Studio
1. Choose a new subject to photograph and position him or her in front of a plain paper seamless backdrop for the studio-setting requirement. Position your model 5 to 6 feet in front of your seamless paper backdrop.
Choose your props and wardrobe to ensure that your subject has the “look” of a college student.
2. Set up two strobe lights with lighting accessories that create soft lighting with a 1:1 or 1:2 light ratio. One strobe should be your key light and the other strobe should be your fill light.
Tips: When working with strobe lighting, ensure that your ISO is set to 100 or 200, your white balance is adjusted manually using your gray card, and that your shutter speed does not go faster than 1/200th of a second to avoid issues with sync speed.
3. To meter for the different light ratios, set your handheld light meter to meter incident light. You should start by metering the highlights on your subject’s face. From there, meter the shadows on your subject’s face. Determine what the stop difference is between your highlight and shadow readings. Consider either changing the brightness of your strobe or positioning of your flag or reflector to adjust the light ratio.
Tip: Refer back to the video tutorial in Milestone 1 regarding how to meter for light ratios.
4. Take two photos of your handheld light meter metering for both the highlights and the shadows for the studio setting.
5. These images should be in sharp focus, properly exposed, and the information on the screen of your meter should be legible. These images should be included in your contact sheet.
6. Once you have your strobe lights set up to create either a 1:1 or a 1:2 light ratio, also take an overall light reading. Position your handheld light meter just below your subject’s chin and meter the incident light. Take a photo of your handheld light meter in use and include it in your contact sheet.
These images should be in sharp focus, properly exposed, and the information on the screen of your meter should be legible. These images should be included in your contact sheet.
7. Take 20 half-length portraits of your subject in the studio setting.
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8. Tip: A suggested focal length for half-length portraits is between 35 mm and 50 mm.9. Push your composition by adjusting your focal length and shooting from different
angles.10. You are encouraged to bracket your shots to help ensure a wide range of exposure
detail.
Student in the Environmental Setting
11. Bring your subject into an environmental setting that resembles a college dorm room, a library, or classroom, etc. Position your model 8 to 9 feet in front of the area within the environment that you would like to be the backdrop.
Choose your props and wardrobe to ensure that your subject has the “look” of a college student.
12. Position your key light towards the front of your subject with either a large softbox, octobox, or a shoot-through umbrella as the lighting accessory. There is not a specific light ratio requirement for this section of the task, although you may want to strive for a 4:1 light ratio with one key light.
13. Position your background light near the environmental backdrop. You may want to aim the light in a direction that goes across the environmental backdrop.
14. Tip: Consider turning the “brightness” of the background light down to help ensure that the key light is brighter.
15. Once you are happy with the positioning of your two lights, also take an overall light reading.
16. Take 20 images of your subject in the studio setting. Shoot both half-length and three-quarter length portraits.
Tip: A suggested focal length for half-length and three-quarter length portraits is between 35 mm and 50 mm.
17. Push your composition by adjusting your focal length and shooting from different angles.
18. You are encouraged to bracket your shots to help ensure a wide-range of exposure detail.
Contact Sheet
19. Create your contact sheet according to course standards. Click to download a PDF for the course standards on creating a contact sheet.
Top Images
20. Select your top 4 images and place your files into a proof sheet created according to course standards.
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Click to download a PDF for the course standards on creating a proof sheet.21. Save your file as noted in the Submission Specifications section.
Model Release
22. Ask your model to sign the release so you may submit it with your work. Save your model release as noted in the Submission Specifications section.
23. Place your combined Contact Sheet and Proof Sheet of 4 Top Images PDF and Signed Model Release Adobe PDF file into a folder. Name your folder as noted in the Submission Specifications section. Compress this folder as a zipped file.
24. By the due date, attach the zipped file to your post in the Discussion Area on the next page.
25. By the end of the week, use the Discussion Area on the next page to critique the artifacts posted by at least two of your peers.
Grading Criteria Tables
This task will be graded on the following criteria:
Submission Criterion Descriptor Points
Combined PDF including: Contact
Sheet, Proof Sheet of 4 Top Images, and
Signed Model Release
Specifications How well directions were followed.
5
Timeliness Adherence to deadlines. 5
Participation Substantive professional engagement in discussion or
critique; degree of effort, and self-assessment.
5
Total Points 15
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Based on your instructor's feedback, you will revise M2 Task 1 submissions and the final versions will be graded based on the following criteria as part of your Milestone 2 Submission:
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COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Submission Criterion Descriptor Points
Contact Sheet Specifications How well directions were followed. 10
Professional Presentation
Contact sheets address task requirements and have accurate manual exposures and appropriate ISO choices.
20
Lighting Professional lighting tools utilized with effective skill, creative vision and
appropriate technique to meet the task objectives.
25
Proof Sheets Post Production
Images employ strong postproduction technique appropriate to the task; final
images demonstrate a clear and relevant concept that addresses the
project objectives.
25
Model Release
Professional Practice
Submission demonstrates an understanding of standard business
practices and a professional approach to the task.
10
Total Points 90
Submit
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COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Milestone 2 Task 1: Post Here
Due <Week 2, Day 3>
Milestone 2 Submission: Instructions
Milestone 2 Submission
Overview
You have completed the first stage of your work for this milestone submission already. Your next step is to review your instructor feedback, gather your materials, and revise your work as advised. For the completion of this milestone, submit your revised artifacts for grading.
Also, write a 300-word Milestone Report that summarizes your learning experience. This report should address your interpretation of the tasks, your approach, and the improvements that you made with your revision.
Submission Specifications
A combined PDF named PHOA232_LastnameFirstinitial_M2_Submission_Combined.PDF that includes:o Revised Contact Sheeto Revised Proof Sheeto Signed Model Releaseo Milestone Report: A Microsoft Word file named
PHOA232_LastnameFirstinitial_M2_Submission_MilestoneReport.doc that includes: A 300-word summary of your learning experience. This report should address your
interpretation of the tasks, your approach, and the improvements that you made with your revision, and your plans for the next photo shoot.
Steps for Success
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COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
1. Review the feedback that you received for your Contact Sheet, Proof Sheet, and Signed Model Release. Revise your work as advised from the instructor.
2. Save your newly revised files as noted in the Submission Specifications section.3. Write a Milestone Report in 300 words that summarizes your learning experience. This
report should address your interpretation of the tasks, your approach, and the improvements that you made with your revision. This report should also address your plans for the upcoming Milestone 3 Task 1. You’ll comment on where your shoot will take place, the lighting requirements, props, wardrobe, and who will be their model. Along with this initial plan, you’ll also be required to have a “Plan B” and a “Plan C.” Refer back to your Project Template from Milestone 1 and the feedback you received to see what may need to be adjusted. Save the file as noted in the Submission Specifications section.
4. Place all of your items into a folder and name the folder as noted in the Submission Specifications section. Compress the folder into a zipped file.
5. By the due date, submit the zipped file in the Submissions Area on the next page.
Grading Criteria Table
Your Milestone 2 Submission will be evaluated as follows:
Submission Criterion Descriptor Points
Contact Sheet
Specifications How well directions were followed. 10
Professional Presentation
Contact sheets address task requirements and have accurate manual exposures and appropriate ISO
choices.
20
Lighting Professional lighting tools utilized with effective skill, creative vision and appropriate technique to
meet the task objectives.
25
Proof Sheet Post Production
Images employ strong postproduction technique appropriate to the task; final images demonstrate a
clear and relevant concept that addresses the project objectives.
25
Model Release
Professional Practice
Submission demonstrates an understanding of standard business practices and a professional
approach to the task.
10
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Milestone Report
Final Milestone
Written report of at least 300 words that addresses challenges and lessons learned.
10
All Milestone
Deliverables
Timeliness Adherence to deadlines. 30
Total Points 130
Submit
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COURSE CODE: AIO-PHOA232 Portraiture Milestone 2
Milestone 2 Submission: Post Here
Instructions
Submissions
No submissions yet. Drag and drop to upload your assignment below.
Due <Week 2, Day 7>
Review/Approval
Reviewer DateComments (Ex: Approved as is; Approved with changes noted; etc.)
Mary Yates
5/22/18
6/4/18
This needs updates. Steps for Success are too involved – there are several areas that can be broken down into tutorials rather than as steps. Creating long, detailed steps only confuses students – so cover the basics and anything that needs further elaboration should be broken out into a tutorial piece.
Approved with changes – please simplify steps for success. See Damon’s notes.
Damon Sauer 5/30/18 Reviewed
Damon Sauer 6/27/18 Second Review
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