ANSWER BOOKLET 3

With Captain Eddie and Grubscrew to help you,

by completing this booklet you will be able to:

Name and identify the main parts of an aircraft.

Understand the terms, nose, fuselage, tail, wings, port and

starboard.

Learn the names of aircraft control surfaces.

Collect pictures and identify six different aircraft, name

them and identify their operational uses.

… and you will have visited an ‘air museum’!

Air Activities Staged Activity Badge

Stage 2/3

Parts of an aircraft

The fuselage is the body of an aircraft which holds the structure

together and can accommodate passengers and/or cargo.

The front end of the fuselage is called the nose.

The cockpit is usually in the nose of an aircraft and holds the

pilot and controls of an airplane.

The rear end of the fuselage is called the tail.

The tail consists of a tail plane (horizontal surface)

and tail fin (vertical surface).

Wings on both sides of the fuselage produce the lift for

flight.

Label the main parts of an aircraft on the diagram:

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

Direction

Port and starboard are nautical (sea) and aeronautical (air)

terms of direction.

PORT = LEFT RIGHT = STARBOARD

n o s e

c o c k p i t

t a i l f i n

w i n g s

f u s e l a g e

t a i l

p l a n e

Understanding Control Surfaces

An aircraft can move in three directions that are at right angles

(90º) to each other and meet at its centre of gravity (CG).

There are three main control surfaces that allow the pilot to

control the movement of an aircraft:

Ailerons - Located on the wings, ailerons work in pairs (but

move in opposite directions) to roll the aircraft to the left or right.

Elevators - Located on the tail plane, the elevators work in pairs

to pitch the aircraft up and down.

Rudder - Located on the tail fin, the rudder to yaw the aircraft

left and right.

Label the main control surfaces on the diagram below:

roll

pitch

yaw

CG

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ r u d d e r

e l e v a t o r

a i l e r o n

Hall 1 - Early Aircraft and World War 1

The Short S.27 is a model of the first aircraft flown by the

Royal Navy in 1910 for training its first pilots, as well as for

early naval aviation experiments.

Did you know … The S.27 is based on the Wright

brothers pioneering first aircraft from 1903;

the design is known as a box-kite aeroplane.

Question … Aircraft with 2 wings, such as the Short S.27

and the Sopwith Baby (opposite), are known as a what?

Have a go … Behind the S.27 is a replica seat from the

aircraft. Imagine what it would have been like to fly one

of these pioneering aircraft.

mono-plane bi-plane tri-plane

The Sopwith Baby “Jabberwock” was first flown in 1915 (during

WW1) as a reconnaissance and bomber aircraft. It operated from

seaplane carriers, as well as Royal Naval coastal air stations.

Did you know … A major role of the Baby was to

intercept German Zeppelin raids and track German

naval movements.

Have a go … The Sopwith Baby has floats to allow it to

land and take-off from water. Can you draw them on?

Look at this …

Which wing shape best describes these early aircraft?

Rectangular Rounded/

elliptical

Swept Delta/

Ogive

Hall 2 - World War 2

During WWII, naval versions of aircraft ordered for the

Fleet Air Arm were given the prefix "Sea",

i.e. the Seafire was a combination of "Sea” and “Spitfire".

Question … What roles did the Seafire carry out?

Aircraft adapted to operate from an aircraft carrier included

folding wings and an arrester hook.

Look at this … How did the Seafire’s wings fold?

Reconnaissance Strike Bomber

Fighter Search and Rescue Trainer

Simple fold Aftward fold Double fold

Rectangular Rounded/

elliptical

Swept Delta/

Ogive

Look at this … Which wing shape best describes

WWII aircraft, like the Seafire or Sea Fury?

Also in Hall 2 you will find

another aircraft adapted for

life at sea -

the Sea Vampire.

The Sea Vampire was the

Royal Navy’s first jet aircraft,

and the first jet-powered

aircraft anywhere to land on a

moving aircraft carrier.

Did you know … Sea Vampire LZ551/G was a

prototype and training aircraft, and is the actual

aircraft that made that historic landing on HMS

Ocean in 1945.

Have a go … Sit in the Vampire cockpit next to

LZ551/G and imagine trying to land on a moving ship!

’THE MIGHTY KING’

Return to Hall 1 to see the first of two Sea King helicopters.

The Sea King was in British service for 40 years and provided a

wide range of services in both the Royal Navy and the RAF.

Question …

What was this Sea King helicopter mostly used for?

Have a go … Climb on board the Search and Rescue

Sea King and imagine what it would be like to try and

carry out a rescue mission from a helicopter!

Continue into Hall 4 to see the second Sea King helicopter.

Search and Rescue

Anti- Submarine Utility (moving troops)

Arctic Zebra

Pure White

Desert Pink

Military Green

Dark Blue

Snow-covered

landscape

Jungle terrain

Aircraft

carrier at sea

Desert plains

UN

Opera-tions

During its service the Sea King was adapted to meet the Royal

Navy's requirement for wartime roles across the world.

Did you know … Helicopters used for moving Royal

Marine troops and equipment like, Sea King ZA298,

were nicknamed ‘Junglies’.

Sea King ZA298 is painted in ‘military green’, but would have had

various colour schemes depending on where it was operating.

Look at this … Match the camouflage colour scheme to

the operating environment.

Have a go … design your own Sea King colour scheme

or pattern.

Hall 4 - Leading Edge

Concorde 002 is the British prototype aircraft used

as a test and development aircraft for the 16 supersonic

Concorde’s that were built by France and Britain.

Question … A supersonic aircraft can fly how fast?

a) faster than a Formula 1 car (200 mph)

b) faster than the speed of light (671 million mph)

c) faster than the speed of sound (760 mph)

Did you know … Concorde flew at between 50,000

and 60,000 feet. At this height, the temperature is

-53 °C and the speed of sound is slower: 660 mph!

Look at this … Which special wing shape do these

supersonic aircraft have?

Rectangular Rounded/

elliptical

Swept Delta/

Ogive

The Harrier (also known as the Harrier jump-jet) is a V/STOL

jet aircraft used by the Royal Navy between 1980 and 2010.

Did you know … V/STOL stands for Vertical/Short

Take-Off and Landing.

Question … What roles did the Harrier (Sea Harrier or

GR9) carry out?

Look at this … As well as having a swept

wing shape, the wings on a Harrier are also?

Have a go … Use the model next to the Harrier

prototype, the Hawker P1127, to understand how

V/STOL works.

Low Anhedral Dihedral

Reconnaissance Strike Bomber Fighter

Have a go … Use everything you have learnt at the Fleet

Air Arm Museum to complete the word search below.

ailerons

cockpit

Concorde

elevators

fuselage

Harrier

nose

pitch

port

roll

rudder

Seafire

Sea King

Short

Sopwith Baby

starboard

tail fin

tail plane

Vampire

wings

yaw