1

Air pollution by ozone in Europeduring the summer 2013

& comparison with previous years

Libor Černikovský, Blanka KrejčíCzech Hydrometeorological Institute, Czech Republic

ETC/ACM consortium partner

2Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Legislation

On 14 June 2008, the Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe came into force. Þ The provisions of earlier AQ directives remained in force

until 11 June 2010, when they were repealed by Directive 2008/50/EC.

Þ The new directive does not change the levels of the existing TVs, LTOs, alert threshold or information threshold for ozone.

Þ The 'transmission of information and reports' of Article 10 of Directive 2002/3/EC has remained in force.This article addresses the reporting requirements concerning ambient ozone and will be repealed as from 1 January 2014,i. e. two years after entry into force of the implementing measures of Directive 2008/50/EC.

3Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Legislation

The Member States have to provide:

• monthly data: before the end of the following month information on the exceedance of– information threshold, 1h max > 180 µg/m3

– alert threshold, 1h max > 240 µg/m3

• April – September data: not later than 31st October– information on the exceedances of long-term

objective for the protection of human health,8h daily max > 120 µg/m3

– 1h monthly maximums for all stations

4Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Summer report

• Tight deadlines:– 31 October for data delivery– 30 November: 1st draft delivery to EEA– 15 December: final draft delivery to EEAÞ publication of the report in spring 2014

• Provisional non-validated data used

• Summer reports available on EEA web pagehttp://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/publications#c9=all&c7=en&b_start=0&c14=airpollutionbyozone

5Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

15 summer reports: 1998–2012

6Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Changes in the period of 1998–2013

• 15 years… 2 decades… past century… past millennium• 3 Directives:

– 92/72/EEC on air pollution by ozone– 2002/3/EC on ozone in ambient air– 2008/50/EC on ambient AQ and cleaner air for Europe

• 3 ETC:– /AQ + PTL/AQ: …Air Quality – /ACC: …Air and Climate Change– /ACM: …Air Pollution and Climate Change Mitigation

• Frank: RIVM MNP PBL RIVM• 15 28 EU Member States• 1084 ozone stations in 1997 vs. 2107 stations in 2012• 1 EEA

7Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Changes in the period of 1998–2013

• Data exchange:– 16 verisons of DEM: v1 v16– XLS/e-mail XLS/CDR e-Reporting– no any NRT semi real-time data NRT UTD– Off-line on-line

• On-line use of data… forecast• Technology development…• Better understanding of the data & a heart of the matter ?

8Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

1st report: Air pollution by ozone in Europein 1997 and summer 1998

• Prepared by Frank de Leeuw, Rob Sluyter and Tim de Paus (RIVM - ETC/AQ)

• Cartographic contributions and further GIS support: Jaroslav Fiala, Hana Livorova, Jana Ostatnicka (CHMI-PTL/AQ)

• The data collection in Phare countries was facilitated by the Phare Topic Link on Air Quality working as part of the European Topic Centre on Air Quality.

9Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Air pollution by ozone in Europein 1997 and summer 1998

• For the calendar year 1997 was received data fromall 15 Member States and, on a voluntary basis,from 5 other countries (Switzerland, Czech Republic, Latvia, Norway and Poland). Information on the situation in Slovakia was received one month later; unfortunately too late to include fully in this report… 984 + 100 stations

• All information has been submittedin computer readable form.

• The spatial coverage and quality documentation of the data need further improvement.

10Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Air pollution by ozone in Europe…

in 1998 and summer 1999:data from all 15 MS and, on a voluntary basis, from11 other countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, FYROM, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia and Switzerland)… 1400 + 140 stations

in 1999 and the summer of 2000:data from all 15 MS + 11 other countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia and Switzerland)…1778 monitoring stations were assumed to be operational

…

11Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Spatial coverage: 1997 vs. 2012

12Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

NRT (ozone) data : 2004 vs. 2013

13Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Preliminary results 2013

Summary overview on 1-hour thresholds exceedances is published monthly.

Following preliminary results are based on data received before 24th October 2013,i. e. partly without September data.

The information describing the situation during the summer is based on tentatively validated and non-validated monitoring data and hence should be regarded as preliminary (the level and extent of validation is not reported by the countries).

? no information

- no exceedances

! 1-hour max > 180 ug.m-3

!! 1-hour max > 240 ug.m-3

14Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Distributionof exceedances2004–2013

Preliminary results 2013

June July

15Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Regional average number of exceedances per station during the summer for stations that reported at least one exceedance

4 regions to illustrate climatic differences among the groups of countries and also inter-annual variations.

Information threshold exceedances Number of days with 1-hour concentration > 180 µg.m-3

Preliminary results 2013

16Černikovský, Krejčí (ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

Thank you for attention...