By: Gerald Pine Katie Whited

& Erik Walunas

Why it’s important

PEL

Health Effects

Sampling Methods

Table C13-1. Substances for which limits are based on avoidance of metabolic effects (NOTE: Because of its width, this table has been divided; see continuation for additional columns. _________________________________________________________________________

H.S. Number/ Chemical Name CAS No. Former PEL Proposed PEL _________________________________________________________________________

1025 Aniline and homologs 62-53-3 5 ppm TWA, Skin 2 ppm TWA, Skin

1058 Calcium Cyanamide 156-62-7 -- 0.5 mg/m(3) TWA

1068 Carbofuran 1563-66-2 -- 0.1 mg/m(3) TWA

1069 Carbon dioxide 124-38-9 5,000 ppm TWA 5,000 ppm TWA 30,000 ppm STEL

1071 Carbon monoxide 630-08-0 50 ppm TWA 35 ppm TWA 200 ppm Ceiling

1091 Chlorpyrifos 2921-88-2 -- 0.2 mg/m(3) 0.6 mg/m(3) STEL, Skin 1103

1104 Crufomate 299-86-5 -- 5 mg/m(3) TWA 20 mg/m(3) STEL

1131 Cyanamide 420-04-2 -- 2 mg/m(3) TWA

1143 Dicrotophos 141-66-2 -- 0.25 mg/m(3) TWA Skin _________________________________________________________________________

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/

owadisp.show_document?p_table=PREAMBLES&p_id=770

Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless, noncombustible gas.

OSHA bases this conclusion on the fact that, while the evidence has not shown that prolonged exposures to 10,000 ppm are harmful, acute exposures to CO(2) concentrations in excess of 30,000 ppm have been demonstrated to cause changes in respiration rates in humans.

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/

owadisp.show_document?p_table=PREAMBLES&p_id=770

Silent Killer Could this

be You?

What about your family?

Or

What about your co-workers?

OSHA PEL – General Industry/ Construction: 5000ppm; 9000mg/m^3

NIOSH REL -5,000ppm STEL – 30,000ppm

ACGIH TLV – 5,000ppm; 9,000mg/m^3; STEL – 30,000 ppm; 54,000mg/m^3

OSHA PEL- General/Construction/Maritime 50 ppm, 55 mg/m^3

NIOSH REL-35 ppm, 40 mg/m^3 Ceiling – 200ppm, 229mg/m^3

ACGIH TLV – 25 ppm, 29 mg/m^3

Would you notice the symptoms?

Symptoms – Headaches, dizziness, restlessness, paresthesis, dyspnea, sweating, malaise, increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, pulse pressure, coma, asphyxia, convulsions, frostbite

Simple Asphyxiant

Targets – Lungs, Skin, CVS

IDLH – 1,200ppm

Symptoms – headaches, tachypnea, nausea, weakness, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, cyanosis, depressed, ST segment of electrocardiogram, angina, syncope

Asphyxiation, chemical anoxia

Target – CVS, Lungs, Blood, CNS

Does he know what he’s looking for?

Which is more accurate?

Five layer aluminized gas sampling bag

Gastech Detector Tubes 200ml sample or 2 strokes

0.13-6% validity

Evacuated Cans

Five layer Aluminized Gas Sampling Bag Mx. V. 5 liters Min V. 2 liters

Max flow rate - .05 L/min Gas Chromatography

Electrochemical Sensor Sample up 8 hours

Measure limit – 999pm Detection limit – 4.1 ppm Over uncertainty 9.6% uncertainty

Day Test CO2 ppm CO ppm Relative H% Temp °F

Wednesday 3/19/08 Baseline

Gas Probe 0 1,074 0 33.0 76.9

Gastech tube 0 500

Peak

Gas Probe 62 1,494 0 32.0 78.0

Gastech tube 62 800

Thursday 3/20/08 Baseline

Gas Probe 0 1,121 0 34.0 74.0

Gastech tube 0 600

Peak

Gas Probe 71 1,734 0 27.0 76.4

Gastech tube 71 625

Do you know the risks of exposure?

Mold spores are all around Can grow anywhere where warmth and

moisture are present Moisture Control will help eliminate mold

growth Reduce indoor humidity 30-60% to

decrease mold growth

Building – related illnesses (BRI’s) Objective clinical finding related to specific

exposure Diagnosed by evaluation of signs & symptoms

Sick Building Syndrome Experience symptoms and linked to time in

building No specific cause of illness is identified

Nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, wheezing or skin irritation

Serious allergies to molds – severe reaction – fever and shortness of breath.

Chronic lung disease / Weakened Immune Systems– potential for mold infection in lungs

Mold Sampling – 2 types Dermal wipe – in Lab. Incubate and identify

Dermal wipe – DNA tests can identify molds more rapidly

What is “black mold”?The news media often refer to “black mold” or “toxic black mold.” It is usually associated with Stachybotrys chartarum, a type of greenish-black mold commonly associated with heavy water damage. Not all molds that appear to be black are Stachybotrys. The known health effects from exposure to Stachybotrys are similar to other common molds, but have been inconclusively associated with more severe health effects in some people. http://www.aiha.org/AIHAContent/templates/TopPicksTemplate.aspx?

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Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor (2008). Regulations, VI. Health Effects Discussion and determination of Final PEL. Retrieved April 2, 2008 from

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=PREAMBLES&p_id=770

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor (2007). Chemical Sampling Information, Carbon Monoxide (by COHb). Retrieved April 7, 2008 from http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_225610.html

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor (2007). Chemical Sampling Information, Carbon Dioxide. Retrieved April 7, 2008 from http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_225400.html

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor (2008). Carbon Dioxide in Workplace Atmospheres. Retrieved April 7, 2008 from http://www.osha.gov/dts/sltc/methods/inorganic/id172/id172.html

U.S Environmental Protection Agency, (2008). Mold Resources, Mold, Indoor Air Quality, Air, US EPA. Retrieved April 8, 2008 from http://www.epa.gov/mold/moldresources.html#Introduction%20to%20Molds