air raid drills & blackouts (1943)
TRANSCRIPT
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No I
Governing blackout the control of lighting and radio the
movement of vehicles and other conveyances and activities
of persons during periods of blackout and air raid test
blackouts and test of Citizens Defense Corps and
related matters within the State of Indiana.
April 1 1943
Tm: INDIANA Sum Dnmmsz Cormcu.
300 Board of Trade Bldg.
Clarence A. Jackson Director
Ind ia n ap o l i s I nd ia n a
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The Indiana Defense Council together with the Defense Coun
cils of Ohio Kentucky West Virginia the United States Army
Fifth Service Command and the Fifth Regional Oilice of Civilian
Defense have agreed on the regulations to be in effect within the
United States Army Fifth Service Command comprising the above
mentioned states after April 1 1943.
Adherence to these regulations in the State of Indiana is vol
untary unless they are incorporated in the ordinances of cities
and towns. It is however considered necessary that all counties
and cities follow the recommendations of the regulations for the
reason that in the event this area is activated by the Army and
put under Army orders these regulations will then probably be
m nd tory
All members of the United States Citizens Defense Corps and
the public should be made acquainted with these regulations as
soon as possible.
Restricted publication for use by, and distribution only to, Civilian Defense
Directors County, City and Local) and to responsible Citizens Defense
Corps Staff Oflicers. Not for general distribution or use.
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Section I
FINITIONS
Period of Blackout. The period of
time beginning with the blackout
BLUE) signal, or the air raid
RED) signal if there has been no
preceding blackout BLUE) signal)
and continuing during hours of dark
ness or until the all clear WHITE)
signal. See also pars. 19, 20 and 21.)
Period of Air Raid. The period of
time beginning with the air raid
RED) signal and ending with the
blackout BLUE) signal, following
the air raid RED) signal. See also
pars. 19 and 20.)
Sub Area Warning District. The
basic territorial division of an air de
fense region for the issuance of air
Warning signals.
Area of Blackout or Air Raid Alarm.
The warning district or districts in
and for which a period of blackout
BLUE) signal or air raid RED)
signal is in effect
Hours of Darkness. The time from
a half hour after sunset to a half
hour before sunrise the following
morning between October 1 and April
30, inclusive, and from one hour after
sunset until one-half hour before sun
rise the following morning between
10
May 1 and September 30, inclusive.
Civilian Defense Authorities. Offi
cials or bodies of a state or political
subdivision thereof authorized by
legislation, regulation or order
minister matters pertinent to th
ject matter of these regulations.
a. Citizens Defense Corps. The l
organization of certified mem
of the protective services en
in civilian protection and unde
command of the local Comman
Service Command. The Comm
ing General of the U. S. Army F
Service Command, Columbus, O
which comprises the States o
diana, Ohio, Kentucky and West
ginia, or his legal representative
Director of Civilian Defense.
Director of Civilian Defens
pointed by the Governor of Ind
on recommendation of the Stat
fense Advisory Council, or hi
thorized representative.
Persons. Individuals including
cials and employees of the Un
States, or of any state or terri
or of any political subdivi
thereof), partnerships, associat
corporations municipal, public
private), or any organized grou
individuals whether incorporate
not.
Persons in Control of Lighting.
a. With respect to light source
tached to publicly or privately
real property of any character,
persons entitled, as owners or
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ants, to occupy or cuter such property
or parts thereof;
b. With respect to light sources at
tached to road vehic1es,* boats,* rail
road trains,* street cars,* and air
craft, the persons in control of the
operation of such conveyances;
c. With respect to light sources not
attached to real property or to the
conveyances described in the forego
ing paragraph b, the persons in pos
session or entitled to possession
thereof;
d. With respect to all light sources,
individuals Who, by reason of rela
tionship as licensee or guest, may
light or extinguish lights; and
e. Employees, agents and represen
tatives of the persons described in the
foregoing paragraphs a to d, inclu
sive, whose duties include the light
ing or extinguishing of lights, and
all persons having authority to su
pervise or direct such employees,
agents or representatives.
11. Public Way. Streets, highways, ave
nues, boulevards, alleys, and other
See paragraphs 12 to 16, inclusive.
1 2 .
13.
14.
15.
1 6 .
public thoroughfares, but not i
ing sidewalks or other ways fo
primarily by pedestrians.
Road Vehicle. Every device in,
or by which any person or pro
is or may be transported or
upon a public way, not operat
rails, including all such devic
tivated by mechanical means,
animal or human power.
Motor Vehicle. Any road ve
which is self-propelled.
Boat. Any means of transport
by water.
Railroad Train. Any means of
portation by rail, except street
Street Car. Any vehicle or tra
vehicles operating on rails at or
ground level including ele
trains and subway trains while
ating in the open , primarily f
purpose of transporting per
principally on or over public
lying within one municipality
ropolitan area as defined b
United States Bureau of Censu
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Section II
AIR WARNING SIGNAL SYSTEM “
in such warning district as su
7. Transmission of Signals. The air
thorities deem essential to ini
warning signals described in para
proper steps to insure timely
raphs 18, 19, 20 and 21 shall be is
out or air raid precautions.
ued, sounded, or announced only
upon the order or the authorization
of the fighter command or the Re- 19. Mobilization and Blackout B
gion Controller to the sub-area Warn
ing center which is operated by civil
ian defense authorities. The fighter
command or Regional Controller, is
responsible only that the sub-area
warning center receives the order or
authorization for the giving of such
signals. Civilian defense authorities
are responsible for the transmission
of such signals from the sub-area
warning center through their alarm
warning systems to the public.* In
the case of practice blackouts, such
air warning signals shall be issued,
sounded or announced only upon
authorization of the service command
Signal. This is an audible Wa
signal indicating the PROBAB
of an air raid in the warnin
trict so warned. This signal wi
a long note approximately tw
utes) at steady pitch of sirens,
or whistles. Upon the soundi
this signal, within such warnin
trict, civilian defense forces w
bilize or remain mobilized; if d
hours of darkness, lighting wi
extinguished or obscured exce
permitted by paragraphs 24 to 3
clusive, and pedestrians and tr
may continue or resume moveme
20. Air Raid RED) Signal. This
o civilian defense authorities.
18. Yellow Warning. This is a confiden
tial preliminary caution warning not
to be given by audible public alarm.
It indicates the POSSIBILITY of an
air raid in the warning district so
warned. This warning shall be trans
mitted by civilian defense authorities
only to such key persons, essential
industries, railroads, and places with
* See Section II hereof supersedes certain provisions
of O. C. D. pamphlet, Aid Raid Warnin g System}
* Local civilian defense authorities sho uld maintain
records of the time of beginning and ending of all air
warning signals.
audible public warning signal
cating the PROXIMITY of e
aircraft and the IMMINENCE
air raid in the warning distri
warned. This signal approxim
two minutes) will be a series of
blast of horns or whistles or a
ling or fluctuating sound of va
pitch of a siren. Upon the sou
of this signal, in addition to t
tions required by the mobiliz
and blackout BLUE) signal, a
tained in paragraph 19 above, w
such warning district blackout
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be completed by extinguishing or ob
scuring all lights, except as permitted
by paragraphs 24 to 35 inclusive, and
pedestrians, vehicles and other con
veyances shall comply with the re
quirements of paragraphs 38 to 42,
inclusive.
21. All Clear WHITE). This is a pub
lic notice indicating All Clear, and the
return to normal conditions in the
area so notified. This may be trans
mitted by turning on street lights
which have been extinguished, by au
thorized local radio announcements,
by notice from the Control Center to
the police and fire stations, and area
air raid wardens who will directly
notify the public in their respective
areas, or by means as directed by
the Director of Civilian Defense.
NOTE.-Ordinarily, a Yellow Warning shall p
a Blue Signal and a Blue Signal shall precede
Signal. However, if sufficient time is not availa
these signals to be separated by at least fi
minutes, the Yellow Warning and/or the Blue
may be omit ted, so that a Blue Signal may be
without a prior Yellow Warning and a Red Sign
be giv en without a prior Yellow and/or Blue S
A Blue Signal shall follow every Red Signal, a
interval of not less than five 5) minutes and
turn be followed by a White Signal or by anoth
Signal. Upon the sounding of a Blue Signal,
trians and vehicles should give consideration
ment t o places of safet y in anticipation of an a
Red) Signal. The same action shall be require
a Blue Signal whethe1· it precedes or follows
Signal, that is, a return to a status of blackout
than a condition of air raid; t his will permit trai
pedestrians to resume movement b ut maintai
blackout condition indicating that raiders have
the a1·ea so warned but that a condition of blac
still required in anticipation of another Red Sign
the approach of a new wave of raiders or a ret
the original raiders. The sequence of signals i
case would be Blue, Red, Blue, Red, Blue. A Wh
Clear may follow a Yellow Warning) or a Blue S
but will not follow a Red Signal without an inter
Blue Signal. A White Signal shall not b e given
ten 10) minutes of a preceding Blue Signal. T
Clear White) will not be given until the probabi
attack no longer exists.
Section III
PROHI ITED LIGHTING
22. Prohibited Lighting. During the pe- 23. Unattended Lighting. At all t
riod and in the area of blackout oc
curring during hours of darkness,
persons in control of lighting shall
cause all lights* visible from the out
side to be extinguished or blacked
out as promptly as possible, except as
permitted in paragraphs 24 to 37, in
elusive.
a. All blackout measures shall be
completed within as near {ive 5)
minutes as possible.
* This prohibition applies to lights of every descrip
tion, electrical, gas, oil, or any other source, including
matches, cigarette lighters, etc. It prohibits lights that
igglue or any other color except as specifically per
yitl
during hours of darkness, occu
of premises and operators of
vehicles and other conveyances
not have any unattended lightin
cept as permitted in paragraph
to 35. Lighting shall be consid
unattended unless a competent
vidual, who is a member, emplo
or guest of the household or bus
establishment of the occupier, o
is the operator or occupant of a
vehicle or other conveyance, or
by arrangement with any such
vidual has undertaken responsibi
for said lighting, can black ou
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**
violations of lighting regulat
provided in paragraph 22 ab0ve.
However, where special arr
The responsibility of the Citizens De
ments have been made, a memb
fense Corps is limited to reporting
the Citizens Defense Corps ma
* It is to be noted that the provisions of this para
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Sume the duty 0f turning nf? lig
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Section IV
LIGHTING PERMITTED DURING PERIODS OF BL CKO
ND DURING PERIODS OF IR R ID
24. General. During the periods and in
the areas of blackout or air raid, dur
ing hours of darkness, whether at
tended or not, lighting is permitted
as provided in paragraphs 25 to 35,
inclusive.
25. Lights in Buildings and Residences.
a. In building interiors a s m all
amount of controlled illumination,
suiiicient to permit reasonable facil
ity of movement without necessitat
ing complete obstruction of doors and
windows, is permitted only when the
indoor incandescent lamps or lighting
units are installed in accordance with
the directions contained in subpara
graph b below and which:
(1) Are marked Indoor Blackout
War Department Standard (See
W.D. Specifications -— Blackout
of Buildings) or
(2) Conform to the following re
quirements:
(a) Watts — not more than {if
teen (15);
(b) Bulb coating —- opaq
cept for circular apert
bulb end;
(c) Circular aperture —
mum diameter of one
inch;
(d) Color of aperture — o
or orange—red,* or
(3) Conform to the followi
quirements:
(tt)
(li)
( C)
(d)
( e )
Watts—not more than
ty-five (25);
Circuit—23O volt bulb
on 115 volt circuit;
Bulb coating -— opaq
cept for circular apert
end of bulb;
Circular aperture —
mum diameter of on
inch;
Color of aperture——cl
frosted.
b. All indoor blackout lights,
ted as above, shall be installed
cordance with the following
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(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
In any room, only one unit: is
permitted to each two hundred
square feet of floor area or a
fraction thereof;
Units shall be spaced not less
than ten feet apart in any direc
tion;
In corridors, one row of units is
permitted at a spacing of not
less than fifteen feet;
Units shall be placed at least
three feet from any window, ex
terior door, or other opening;
Units shall not be pointed to
ward any window, exterior door,
or other opening;
Units may be installed at any
height when openings are cov
ered in the usual manner with
drawn window shades, drapes,
blinds, or one thickness of news
paper, or whenever each unit has
a shade which screens the unit
from outside observation above
the horizontal;
Units shall be located above the
tops of such openings, when ex
terior openings are not covered
and when units are not otherwise
shaded from outside observation
above the horizontal.
c. Interior colored, other than blue
exit lights, are permitted in all pub
lic buildings, with the restriction that
* It is anticipated that the provisions of this para
graph will be superseded when standa rd blackout light
ing equipment meeting War Department Specifications
or substitute equipment as approved by proper military
authority is available and is provided for all the emer
gency motor vehicles in any specified city or metro
politan area.
* See also War Department Specification Lumines—
cent Materials.’
**
* See also paragraph 34 for street lighting per
mitted during periods of blackout (BLUE) but pro
26 .
27 .
28 .
29 .
shielded as to screen direct light
falling on windows or doors, and
it shall be equipped with one la
not more than 15 watts.
Emergency Motor Vehicles.
gency motor vehicles, as defin
paragraph 41, may move durin
riods stated in paragraph 24 a
using only headlights on low o
pressed beam (city driving lig
and normal tail lights and lic
plate lights.
Traffic Signals and Traffic Si
Traffic signals, traffic signs, fir
police box markers and other i
nated signal devices, are to be t
off unless in their operation the
ply with War Department Speci
tion Traffic Control During B
outs, during periods stated in
**
graph 24 above.
Street Lighting. Street lighting
be turned 0H during period of
Blue signal preceding the Red s
and until the All Clear has been
unless they comply with War D
ment Specifications Street Lig
During Blackouts.’
Flashlights, Lanterns and Fla
Flashlights, lanterns and flare
plying with War Department S
fication Blackout Flashlights
terns and Flares, are permitte
ing periods stated in paragra
above. Pending the availabili
specified filters or automatic cut-
flashlights not so equipped m
used provided the light is fil
through a) three thicknesse
newspaper, or (b) one thickne
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passage of trafiic, and all lights shall
be extinguished. Occupants shall
leave said vehicles as soon as parked
and shall take shelter, except that 0c
cupants of road vehicles carrying
property which must be guarded may
remain in said parked vehicles.
b. Street cars shall be stopped at
loading points or other safe and con
with, where possible, to a place
than one hundred 100) feet
the nearest habitation or bus
premises and there park as pro
in paragraph 38 a. Vehicles 's
ceeding shall use headlights (l
depressed beam, or city dri
lights), normal tail lights and li
plate lights.
,il£.i?.?3E§L .a.i1,¤dr.IiiSi?.Ii€iI;S 41- Emergency Vehicles. T h e t
nuau uc u1¤Uu¤.1`gUu anu bank: 511C1L.t:1 .
All exterior and interior lights shall
be extinguished.
c. Ridden or herded animals shall
clear the public way for the passage
of traflic.
d. Boats shall comply with regula
tions issued by the United States
Navy.
e. Movement of railroad trains and
personnel shall be in accordance with
the provisions of War Department
Specifications Blackout of Rail
roads.
39. Bridges and Tunnels. During the
period and in the area of air raid
(RED) alarm, road vehicles, other
than emergency vehicles, and street
cars shall not enter bridges, viaducts,
or tunnels and, if already there, shall
proceed to the end or exit thereof and
as far beyond as necessary to park
in accordance with the preceding
paragraph 38 a.
Emergency Vehicles shall mea
following road vehicles:
a. Vehicles of, or acting under o
of, or traveling with the expres
mission of, the armed forces o
United States and her Allies.
b. Vehicles of fire department
governmental police agencies.
c. Ambulances and oiiicial re
cars and other vehicles convert
such use in emergency service.
d. Public Utility repair vehicl
erating in emergency service.
e. Vehicles in emergency ser
identified by insignia prescrib
the State Director of Civilia
fense. In exceptional cases veh
without such identifying insi
will be permitted to move as
gency vehicles provided the a
priate civilian defense authori
are satisfied that the use of su
hicle is necessary in the perform
of emergency duties.
Materials. Vehicles transporting ex
air raid (RED), all persons shal
plosives, gasoline, or other dangerous
mediately take shelter in the nea
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nated shelter area most convenient to
them, except those required for the
performance of their oflicial duties
as follows:
a. Uniformed members of the armed
forces of the United States and her
allies, the Civil Air Patrol, and of the
State Guards.
b. Members of fire departments and
governmental police agencies.
c. Persons as authorized by ci
defense authorities, Wearing O
of Civilian Defense armbands a
carrying identification card
scribed by the Director of Civ
Defense or persons wearin
bands authorized for the Air
Warning Service; provided all
persons are required to move i
performance of their emerg
duties.
Section V
R IO
43. Radio Stations will be silenced at
such times and for such_ periods as
may be ordered by the fighter com
mand* as follows:
a. Radio stations operating on fre
quencies between three thousand
3,000) and thirty thousand 30,000)
kilocycles will not be silenced.
b. Radio stations operating onlfre
quencies below t h r e e thousand
3,000) and above thirty thousand
30,000) kilocycles Will be ordered
Consideration is given to visibility prior to impos- `
ing radio silences.
The sele c ted frequenc ies will be announc ed by the
service command. Persons having radio receivers
sh ou l d k e e p th e m tu r n e d t o e o n e of th e s e l e c t e d f r e
q u e n c i e s du r i n g p e r i o d s of b l a c k ou t o r a i r r a i d . N o
b r o a d c a s t s o n a n y f r eq u e n c y a r e au th o r ize d du r i n g p e
riods of blackout or air raid except as authorized by the
service command on the selected frequencies.
silenced when the tactical situ
warrants, except as follows:
1)
2)
3)
During periods of blackout
air raid, special broadcast
sages on selected frequen
may be made under the spe
direction and control of the
**
ice command.
Army and Navy stations
operate to a necessary min
when necessity dictates as d
mined by the local commande
Police, fire, utility and other
cial emergency radio stat
may remain in operation-
the basis as prescribed- by
Federal Communications
mission.
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Section VIII
PRACTICE BLACKOUTS
44. Practice Blackouts may be conducted
by State and Local authorities in such
area, at such times, and to such ex
tent as may be authorized by the
service command. The State Defense
Director, on recommendation from
the County and City Defense Direc
tors, may excuse from such practice
blackouts or practice air raids, for
such periods and to such extent as he
may determine, any military or n
installation, manufacturing pl
utility plant or other facility esse
to the war effort, provided the S
Defense Director has ascertai
that such installation, plant or f
ity is prepared to and is proiic
in blackout, or for such other
sons ashe may deem appropriate
Section IX
FALSE BLACKOUTS OR AIR RAIDS
45. False Blackouts or Air Raids. No
person ..shall order, utter, publish,
sound or otherwise simulate or cause
to be ordered, uttered, published,
sounded, or otherwisesimulated, any
air raid warning signal unless or
dered or authorized todo so by the
Hghter command, or in case of prac
tice blackouts or practice air ra
as authorized by the service com
or State Director, or for the tes
of air raid warning equipment
Saturdays between twelve
o’clock noon and 10) minutes
lowing, as authorized by the civil
defense authorities.
Section‘X
ILLEG L USE OF INSIGNI
46. Illegal Use of Insignia. No person
shall wear, exhibit, display, use, man
ufacture, sell or offer for sale for any
purpose, or cause to be worn, exhib
ited, displayed, used, manufactured,
sold, or offered for sale for any pur
pose, any armbands, badges, emblem,
uniform, pennant, card, or other
identification or credential embody
ing the insignia prescribed by the
rector of civilian defense or
scribed for the aircraft warn
service or any simulation or ada
tion of such insignia, except in
cordance with rules and regulati
of the director of Civilian Defense
the aircraft warning service.
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ATEl
AIR RAIg|:|g¥;UCTI NS
WHEN YOU HE R
WHEN YOU HE R
WHEN YOU HE R
ALL CLEAR
n:MA•N CALM. WALK
SMMmh •| stun
J o r w h i s • f o r 1 n l n u t n
W a r b l l n g n a h o f s h u n f o r 1 a n i n u t o a o r ·
_ _ _ _ Q
C h o w y M a s h • f s h a n w t h • f o r 2 o n i n u h x .
S h u n n o h o l s l r • • • n r w h h l h e I n | • • • • t • • .
S t r a t I l g h h 3 0 o n . n o
e i f i c a t l a n b y w a r d m s . p • I i ¢ p . d c . • • p o s s i b l e
a d a • • • • \ • • | n ¢ e m • n | • .
A I R R A I D I S I I D A l l b u i l d i n g .
PROBABLE home store
a n d s t r e e t
l i g h t s b l a c k
o u t . K e e p
r a d i o o n
RAIDERS (Il All Iights
ARE
b l a c k e d o u t .
OVERHEAD Keep radio
RAIDERS III Building,
MAY
h o m e , s t o r e
RETURN and shoot
l i g h t s s t a y
o u t . K e e p
r a d i o o n
RAIDE RS II) Resume all
HAVE normal ac
PASSED tivities. All
l i g h t s m a y
l l l P e d e s t r i a n ; I 3 ) P r e p a r e
and vehicle to seek
move ment shelter.
permitted. Civil ian
D e f e n s e
f o r c e s
m o b i l i z e .
(Z) Vehicles (31 Every
steo. · body
discharge take
passengers. cover.
2 1 P e d e s t r i a n s 3 ) R e s u m e
may leave pedes·
shelter. triae
v e h i c u l a r
m o v e —
m e a t s .
DO NOT RUN. OBEY INSTRUCTIONS OF POLICE AND AIR
RAID WARDENS.
(D0 NDT US TELEPHONE
IIIDIAIIAIIAIEDEIEIISE (0I|ll(Il
e
CLJ