air ventilation & housing

8/13/2019 Air Ventilation & Housing.

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PRESENTED BY:MEHWISH ISHAQ

SHUMAILA SEHERBISMA MOBEEN

SUMAIYA ASLAM


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Objectives Definition of air

Importance of Air

Composition of Air

Impurities of Air

Definition of Ventilation

Types of Ventilation

Importance of Ventilation & effects on health

Housing

Types, standards and needs of Housing


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IMPORTANCE OF AIR:

Essential for maintenance of life

Interchange of gases during respiration

Regulation of body temperature Oxygen in the air is life force in each cell of the

body.

An average person breathes 35lbs of air each

day which is about 6 times of his food andwater intake.

The special senses of hearing and smellfunction through air transmitted stimuli.


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CONTD.... Diseases agents may be conveyed by air.

Human beings need a continuous supply of air

to exist. The requirement for air is relatively constant

about 10-20m cube per day.


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COMPOSITION OF AIR

Nitrogen,

78.1, 79%

Oxygen,

20.93, 21%

CO2, 0.03,0%

Other

gases,

0.04,0%


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HOW AIR BECOMES IMPURE? By respiration of men and

animals,combustion of oil,gases etc.

The decomposition of organic matter andtrade traffic and manufacturing processes

which gives off dust,fumes,vapours and gases.


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NATURAL MECHA NISM TO CLEAN

THE AIRWIND

SUNLIGHT

RAIN PLANT LIFE


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VENTILATIONDEFINITION:

VENTILATION MEAN THE CONSTANT

REPLACEMENT OF FOUL AIR BY SUPPLY OFFRESH AIR,WITH CONTROL OF QUALITYOFTEMPETATURE,HUMIDITY AND PURITY OFINCOMING AIR.


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Types of Ventilation: There are two types of ventilation:

1. Artificial ventilation

2. Natural ventilation1:Artificial ventilation: It may be of

following types:

Exhaust ventilation: Here air is extractedor exhusted to the outside by exahust fansusually driven by electtricity.


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Continue..Plenum ventilation: Herefresh air is blown

into the room by centrifugal fans so as to

create a positive pressure and displace thevitiated air.

AIR Conditioning: Thesimultaneous

control of all or at least the first three of thesefactors affecting both the physical andchemical conditions of atmosphere within anyconfined space or room;


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Continue Balanced ventilation: This is combination

of the exhaust ventilation and plenum

systems of suction ventilation the blowingfan must balance the exhaust fans.

2:Natural ventilation:

Wind: Itis an active force inventilation.when it blows through the roomits called perflation.but if there isobstructionit bypasses and exerts action at

its tail end.


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ContinueDIFFUSIOUN: Air passes through the

smallest openings.this is slow process and not

relaiable.IN_EQUALITY OF TEMPERATURE:Air

flows from high density to low density.it riseswhen slightly heated and escapes fromopenings provided high up in the room.theoutside cooler. air which is more dense willmove in.


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IMPORTANCE OF VENTILATION AND ITS

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS.ventilation is very important for normal

function of respiration.

IT prevents suffocation which even can causedeath.

It is also very necessary for good health.

It is also enhances the physical activities.

It has pleasant and positive effect on ourbehaviour.


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HOUSINGDEFINITION:

Residential environment (Housing) is a part

of total environment affecting the health of anindividual and the community to a greatextend.


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Needs:A good housing provide the following needs:

1. Physical needs2. Psychological needs


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Physical needs.1. Living rooms

2. Free from objectionable odour air

movement(noise:50 to 70 Db).3. Light and tap water supply.

4. Drainage of water and rooms should bedamp proof.

5. Place for collection of refuse and its disposal.


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6. Bathrooms and sanitary latrine.

7. Pucca/cemented floor.

8. Safe house means protected from (wind,storm, extreme weathers, animals, rodentsand snakes.


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TYPES OF HOUSINGUrban housing

Rural housing


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PsychologicalNeeds1. Safe house from external threats

2. Well Ventilated house

3. Lighted house4. clean house

5. Noise free house

6. Aesthetic satisfaction.7. Good location and open space.


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EFFECT OF POOR HOUSING ON HEALTHPhysiological effects:

1. Respiratory: (Common cold, TB, Influenza,Diphtheria, Bronchitis and Measles).

2. Skin infection: Scabies, Ringworm,Leprocy.

3. Flies , Mosquitoes ,rats spread diseases.

4.Threadworm: In children due to sleeping together.5.Accidents: Due to poor construction


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SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICSFollowing factors determining housingstandard:

1. Family income, size of family andcomposition of housing.

2. Standard of living,life style and stage of lifecycle.

3. Educational and cultural factors.

4. Cultural diverisity.


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Any Question??


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THANK YOU

air ventilation & housing

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