UNIT 6. AL-ANDALUSRODRIGUEZ MARIN INSTITUTE – OSUNA (SPAIN)

BILINGUAL PROJECT - 2nd of ESOBILINGUAL ASSISTANT: FRANCESCO SCUDELLARI

AL-ANDALUSWhat was Al-Andalus?

“Al-Andalus” was the name the Muslims gave to the territories they conquered in the Iberian Peninsula

The conquest of Al-Andalus started in the year 711.

Before the Muslims’ arrival, which civilization ruled the Iberian Peninsula? The Visigots.

The Muslims conquered all of the peninsula except for the Asturian kingdom.

The capital was moved from to

ChronologyThere are five different phases in the history of Al Andalus

1. The DEPENDENT EMIRATE (711-756)

2. The INDEPENDENT EMIRATE (756-929)

3. CALIPHATE OF CORDOBA (929-1031)

4. TAIFAS’ KINGDOMS (1031-1212)

5. NASRID KINGDOM OF GRANADA (1232-1492)

Now, let’s talk about life in Al Andalus.The main economic activities in Al Andalus were:

In the country, agriculture and stockbreeding.

In the cities, trading and craftingThis is the picture of a typical Islamic city:

Let’s try to describe its characteristics.

Cities in Al-Andalus.

In Al Andalus:

- Cities were always surrounded by walls.- The streets of the city were narrow and the city’s layout was irregular.

- Every city had its fortified palace (alcázar), mosque and market

Other characteristics:- Cities had their sewers (alcantarillas) system - There also were services like libraries and hospitals.

Religion in Al-Andalus.In the first centuries of Islamic domination there was pacific coexistence between Muslim, Christians and Jews.

The domination of the Almoravids and Almohades (11th and 12th centuries) was , non-Islamics started to be prosecuted: it was a time of religious intolerance

THE FALL OF AL-ANDALUS - 1After the battle of las Navas de Tolosa (1212), only a small part of the Al-Andalus survived: the Nasrid kingdom of Granada

During that time, the “Nasrid Palaces” were built. Do you know where they are?

The Visigots.

The Nasrid Kingdom lasted more than two centuries, but it had to pay tributes to the Castilian kingdom, and to collaborate with it.

The Nasrid kingdom of Granada fell in the war against….

The Catholic Monarchs

And this was in the year…….

THE NASRID PALACES (Palacios Nazaríes)- the Alhambra, Granada

Did you understand? ¿Os habeis enterado?

Let's try to answer some questions about Al-Andalus:1. What was Al-Andalus?

2. Was it possible to be Christian or Jew during Al-Andalus?

3.Can you describe a typical city of that time?

4. What was the last territory of Al-Andalus to fall?

5. In which year did it fall and against who?