alabama statewide report 5.3.12
TRANSCRIPT
Alabama Statewide DiscussionMarket Study
Birmingham, ALApril 30, 2012
METHODOLOGY
• This study was a two part process that consisted of:– Part 1: Preliminary online market scan and
NeighborWorks America Alabama Network meeting feedback in February 2012
– Part 2: Primary and Secondary Data through phone interviews, reports, publications and online data sources
ALABAMA AT A GLANCE
Alabama is a state mixed with urban and rural areas that can be
defined in multiple ways
Population of Alabama has changed in the last decade with an increase just under 8%
overall. In particular there have heavy population increases in a portion of the
North and Southwest area, while the other portion of the North and Southeast have
seen loss of population, as much as 20% in certain areas
POPULATION GROWTH AND RACE
Source: Census Bureau; socialexplorer.com
POPULATION PER SQUARE MILE
Overall Alabama’s population per square mile doesn’t exceed the 50-100 range. There spots in the northern and western portion of the state that show increased population density
Quick Demographics
• A little more than 1/3 (~34%) of population is 50 years or older
• A little more than ¼ (~27%) of households consist of a person living alone
• About 15% of households consist of a female householder with no husband
Census 2010
Alabama is struggling in key areas of Assets and
OpportunitiesOVERALL GRADE: F
Next several slides with detail the key areas of concern
FINANCIAL ASSETS & INCOME
CORPORATION FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, (CFED) 2012
HEALTHCARE
CORPORATION FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, (CFED) 2012
Distribution of the Nonelderly Uninsured by Age, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
Children 102,900 14% 7,951,800 16%Adults 630,200 86% 41,160,200 84%Total 733,100 100% 49,111,900 100%
Distribution of the Nonelderly Uninsured by Family Work Status, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
At Least 1 Full Time Worker 403,900 55% 29,831,500 61%
Part Time Workers 110,700 15% 7,688,700 16%
Non Workers 218,500 30% 11,591,700 24%
Total 733,100 100% 49,111,900 100%
Distribution of the Nonelderly Uninsured by Federal Poverty Level (FPL), states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
AL% of US Total
US#
US%
US% of US Total
Under 100% 352,100 48% 2% 19,933,800 41% 100%
100-138% 87,700 12% 1% 6,396,300 13% 100%
139-250% 177,800 24% 1% 11,869,700 24% 100%
251-399% 63,200 9% 1% 6,235,200 13% 100%
400%+ NSD NSD NSD 4,676,900 10% 100%
Total 733,100 100% 1% 49,111,900 100% 100%
Alabama: Nonelderly Uninsured
Alabama healthcare system needs help with the majority of individuals in most need walking around with health insurance i.e.
elderly and low income individuals
Distribution of the Nonelderly Uninsured by Age, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
Children 102,900 14% 7,951,800 16%Adults 630,200 86% 41,160,200 84%Total 733,100 100% 49,111,900 100%
Distribution of the Nonelderly Uninsured by Family Work Status, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
At Least 1 Full Time Worker 403,900 55% 29,831,500 61%
Part Time Workers 110,700 15% 7,688,700 16%
Non Workers 218,500 30% 11,591,700 24%
Total 733,100 100% 49,111,900 100%
Distribution of the Nonelderly Uninsured by Federal Poverty Level (FPL), states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
AL% of US Total
US#
US%
US% of US Total
Under 100% 352,100 48% 2% 19,933,800 41% 100%
100-138% 87,700 12% 1% 6,396,300 13% 100%
139-250% 177,800 24% 1% 11,869,700 24% 100%
251-399% 63,200 9% 1% 6,235,200 13% 100%
400%+ NSD NSD NSD 4,676,900 10% 100%
Total 733,100 100% 1% 49,111,900 100% 100%
Alabama: Nonelderly Uninsured
Alabama: Nonelderly Uninsured
Distribution of the Nonelderly Uninsured by Gender, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
Female 337,200 46% 22,596,600 46%Male 395,800 54% 26,515,400 54%Total 733,100 100% 49,111,900 100%
Distribution of the Nonelderly Uninsured by Race/Ethnicity, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
AL% of US
Total
US#
US%
US% of US
Total
White 448,100 61% 2% 22,796,200 46% 100%
Black 197,400 27% 3% 7,514,400 15% 100%
Hispanic 64,200 9% <1% 15,094,200 31% 100%
Other NSD NSD NSD 3,707,100 8% 100%
Total 733,100 100% 1% 49,111,900 100% 100%
Uninsured Rates for the Nonelderly by Age, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
Children 102,900 9% 7,951,800 10%Adults 630,200 22% 41,160,200 22%Total 733,100 18% 49,111,900 18%
Alabama: Nonelderly Uninsured
Uninsured Rates for the Nonelderly by Family Work Status, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
At Least 1 Full Time Worker 403,900 14% 29,831,500 15%Part Time Workers 110,700 32% 7,688,700 31%Non Workers 218,500 30% 11,591,700 29%Total 733,100 18% 49,111,900 18%
Uninsured Rates for the Nonelderly by Federal Poverty Level (FPL), states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
Under 100% 352,100 36% 19,933,800 34%Under 139% 439,800 33% 26,330,200 34%139-250% 177,800 21% 11,869,700 24%251-399% 63,200 9% 6,235,200 12%400%+ NSD NSD 4,676,900 5%Total 733,100 18% 49,111,900 18%
Uninsured Rates for the Nonelderly by Gender, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
Female 337,200 16% 22,596,600 17%Male 395,800 20% 26,515,400 20%Total 733,100 18% 49,111,900 18%
Uninsured Rates for the Nonelderly by Race/Ethnicity, states (2009-2010), U.S. (2010)View 50-State Comparison
AL#
AL%
US#
US%
White 448,100 17% 22,796,200 14%Black 197,400 18% 7,514,400 22%Hispanic 64,200 39% 15,094,200 32%Other NSD NSD 3,707,100 19%Total 733,100 18% 49,111,900 18%
What is Alabama’s Health Ranking? Rating?
The figure below depicts the structure of the Rankings model; those having high ranks (e.g., 1 or 2) are estimated to be the “healthiest.”
The Next Couple of Slides Will Illustrate How Alabama Counties Rank in both Health Outcomes and Health Factors
Southeast Alabama has a concentration
of poorly ranked
counties in terms of health
outcomes
Northeast Alabama has a small cluster
of poorly ranked
counties in terms of health
outcomes
Health Ratings/Rankings have to do with health outcomes, health
indicators and even access to healthy foods
Southeast Alabama has a concentration
of poorly ranked
counties in terms of health
factors
Southwest Alabama has a small cluster
of poorly ranked
counties in terms of
health factors
ALABAMA
30+ Food Deserts = Healthy Food Access Problem
STATE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Alabama’s Business and Job outlook is not measuring up to
national average in terms of low wage jobs, business value by
race and by gender
BUSINESSES AND JOBS
CORPORATION FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, (CFED) 2012
Census LEHD
It is evident there are clusters of jobs in the northern end of the state while the southern, eastern and even some areas of the western portion jobs are scarce
Alabama
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Upcoming map shows Alabama Workforce Investment areas
(WIAs)The slides that follow the map detail the exact labor profile for the various
WIAs
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT AREAS (WIA) OF ALABAMA
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Source: US. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies
Legends
2010 Inflow/Outflow Analysis Alabama
Alabama is the nation’s third poorest state. Nearly 19 percent of Alabamians – and more than 27 percent of children – live below the poverty line.
Source: Alabama Poverty Project
QUALITY OF LIFE STATS
Source: Census Bureau, 2010
Quality of Life Indicators Signal a Vulnerable Population Struggling to Meet Basic Needs
Source: Alabama Poverty Project
FACTS ABOUT ALABAMA
•More than 1 in 6 Alabamians live in poverty•17.5 percent of Alabamians live below the federal poverty line, which is $21,954 in household earnings for a family of four. US Census Bureau, Small Area Income & Poverty Estimates
•1 in 4 children in Alabama live in poverty.•24.6 percent of children live in households below the federal poverty line. US Census Bureau, Small Area Income & Poverty Estimates•2nd largest income gap•The gap between Alabama’s richest and poorest is the second largest in the nation. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities
•41.4 percent high school dropout rate•Alabama ranks 42nd in the nation in per capita income. Nearly 60 percent of that wage gap can be attributed to our high school drop out rate, which was 41.4 percent in 2007. Southern Education Foundation
•2nd most obese, 4th most diabetic state•Alabama is the second most obese state in the country and has the fourth highest rate of diabetes among adults. Trust for America’s Health; CDC
•2nd hungriest state in the nation•25 percent of Alabamians experienced food hardship in 2010. Food Research and Action Center
EDUCATION
CORPORATION FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, (CFED) 2012
STATE OF HOUSING
HOUSING & HOMEOWNERSHIP
CORPORATION FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, (CFED) 2012
Source: American Community Survey, 2010
Source: American Community Survey, 2010
Quality Affordable Housing is Scarce
Quality Affordable Housing is Scarce because
~50% of Alabama housing stock was built between 1970-1999—3 decades..very few new homes built in
the last 10 years; This phenomenon speaks to the need for rehabilitation services and dilapidation that plagues
the area
Source: American Community Survey, 2010
Quality Affordable Housing is Scarce
With a large portion of the Alabamanians being elderly
and/or extremely low income, housing burdens and difficulty
locating “ affordable” housing is evitable, regardless of tenure
Source: Out of Reach 2012
Housing units with a mortgage
769,331 PERCENTLess than 20.0 percent 313,529 40.80%20.0 to 24.9 percent 117,330 15.30%25.0 to 29.9 percent 86,584 11.30%30.0 to 34.9 percent 58,183 7.60%35.0 percent or more 193,705 25.20%
Occupied units paying rent
468,359 PERCENT
Less than 15.0 percent 55,155 11.80%
15.0 to 19.9 percent 55,439 11.80%
20.0 to 24.9 percent 54,070 11.50%
25.0 to 29.9 percent 50,548 10.80%
30.0 to 34.9 percent 42,869 9.20%
35.0 percent or more 210,278 44.90%
HOUSING BURDEN BY TENUREHomeowners
Renters
Source: American Community Survey, 2010
RURAL HOUSING
Why is Affordable Housing in Rural Areas Difficult?
• Not as scalable as urban or suburban development
• Operating and construction costs are higher• Given the first two bullets hard to keep rents
and leases low and affordable
HOUSING PERMIT ISSUANCE IS STILL TAKING PLACE PRIMARILY
FOR SINGLE FAMILY AND MULTI-FAMILY UNITS
Are units being built in the areas in most need and for those in the
greatest need?
Quality Affordable Housing is Scarce
Occupied/Occupiable Housing Stock is being lost to Foreclosure
Homeowners Are Underwater
Source: Birmingham Business Journal, March 2012
•According to a recent report from CoreLogic Alabama residents with mortgages are still suffering. Report provides the following statistics:
•About 12 percent of Alabama properties with a mortgage were in negative equity – or underwater – in the fourth quarter.
•The report said the state had 43,431 negative equity mortgages in the quarter.
•Another 20,768 or 5.7 percent were near negative equity.
•At the national level, 22.8 percent of mortgages were underwater for the quarter.
There are about 36,000* tax delinquent properties for sale in
Alabama
Source: Alabama Department of Revenue, April 26, 2012
According to CoreLogic the number of Alabama homes in foreclosure is low and getting lower, but is still a problem
Birmingham Business Journal-March 29, 2012
Source: RealtyStore
AREAS WHERE FORECLOSURES ARE FOR SALE
However, foreclosure Heat Maps show that from January to March 2012 the number of foreclosures increased from
1,489 to 1,647
January 2012 Foreclosure Rate Heat Map
RealtyTrac, 2012
March 2012 Foreclosure Rate Heat Map
RealtyTrac, 2012
Next few slides illustrate relationships between
foreclosure filings and different variables as well as fluctuation in auctions and Real Estate Owned
(REOs)
RealtyTrac, 2012
Key spikes in total foreclosure filings occurred a little before May 2011, July 2011 and September 2011; Incremental growth seen from January 2012 to March 2012
Foreclosures and Home Price Appreciation
RealtyTrac, 2012
Foreclosures and Interest RatesDespite the fluctuations in foreclosure activity we see a steady decrease in interest rates from April 2011 to March 2012
RealtyTrac, 2012
Auction and Real Estate Owned Properties
Spikes in Auction properties seen in October 2011 and March 2012; Greatest number REOs seen October 2011 and between January-February 2012
Occupied/Occupiable Housing Stock is being lost to Natural
Disaster
APRIL 2011 TORNADOES CHANGED PEOPLE’S LIVES FOREVER
• THERE WERE A TOTAL OF 139 DEATHS DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE TORNADOES IN CENTRAL ALABAMA ON APRIL 27TH.
• OF THOSE 139 DEATHS ON APRIL 27TH, 86 PEOPLE WERE KILLED INPERMANENT STRUCTURES, SUCH AS A HOME, FACTORY OR CHURCH. 46 WERE KILLED WHILE IN MANUFACTURED HOMES. 2 FATALITIES OCCURRED WHILE PEOPLE WERE STILL IN THEIR VEHICLES AND 2 OTHERS WHILE OUTDOORS.
• APRIL 27TH SAW 5 OF THE 10 LONGEST TORNADO TRACKS IN RECORDEDHISTORY.
• THERE WERE 247 DEATHS IN THE STATE OF ALABAMA ON APRIL 27TH. THIS RANKS AS THE SECOND DEADLIEST DAY IN ALABAMA BEHIND THE MARCH 1932 OUTBREAK WHEN 270 DIED.
Source: National Weather Service of Birmingham, August 2011
More Tornado Statistics
• Impacted 64% of Alabama counties; Tuscaloosa County and City of Tuscaloosa were severely impacted
• Older housing stock primarily built 1950 to 1970-single family homes, small to medium apartments and off campus student housing
• Approximately 5,144 housing units, 12.6% of the City’s total housing inventory of 40,872, were impacted by disaster.
• A preliminary estimate to repair damaged (3,904 units) and replace destroyed homes (1,240 units) is $224,319,552 or $43,608 per unit.
Source: Alabama Center for Real Estate-University of Alabama; August 2011
MASSIVE DEVASTATION: ENTIRE COMMUNITIES WERE WIPED OUT
NEIGHBORWORKS ALABAMA NETWORK PROFILE
TERRITORY
Health Factors and Indicators for Alabama show that there specific
counties which rank poorly in these areas
The Quality of Life for Alabama residents by county shows that
there are key pockets of poverty and low income areas; Children,
one of the most defenseless portions of the population are
suffering
STATE OF HOUSING
Housing Characteristics• Extremely old housing stock that needs
extensive repairs or in some cases needs to be demolished altogether
• Homeownership is still high, but in light of economic downturn and disasters trending towards increased renters
• Households are severely burdened regardless of tenure
• Occupancy
BEYOND HOMES IN DESPERATE NEED OF REHABILITATION SOME HOMES
PARTICULARLY IN RURAL AREAS ARE SUBSTANDARD I.E. NO PLUMBING AND JUST DEPLORABLE LIVING CONDITIONS
County outlook on foreclosures shows that between January-
March 2012 there was change in the propensity of foreclosure as
well as the counties most impacted
January 2012 Foreclosure Rate Heat Map
RealtyTrac, 2012
March 2012 Foreclosure Rate Heat Map
RealtyTrac, 2012
IMPACT OF TORNADOES
TORNADOES HAD A RIPPLE EFFECT. APRIL 2011 WAS DEVASTATING BUT THE IMPACT WAS FURTHER
COMPOUNDED BY MARCH 2012 FOR SOME PEOPLE WITH HOMES RECENTLY REBUILT BEING DESTROYED AGAIN OR THOSE NOT PREVIOUSLY IMPACTED BECOMING A VICTIM
TORNADOES (April 2011-March 2012) & NWOS
• CPS-Town Sumter county, Geiger got hit on April 15th-40% of homes were destroyed, large portion were trailers. Unfortunately they were not at that point declared a disaster area so residents in that were unable to get money from FEMA
• CAPNA Service Area-took out housing stock, displaced residences requiring some to migrate 40-50 miles to find housing; pre-storm affordable housing supply at 300 and post storm added additional 300 making the total shortage 600
• NHS-Obliterated Centerpoint Elementary School along with 400 homes
NeighborWorks Alabama Network
Strengths
•Housing counseling
•Foreclosure mitigation
•Home maintenance
•Developer side-largest in the state. assessing areas of needs and making homeownership or creating a development that provides a pathway to affordable housing.
•Services Would Like to Offer
• Broader scale homeownership initiative
•Single family housing development
•Rural housing initiative
•Capital lending-making mortgages
•Economic Loss• Population Drift
• Unemployment Higher than Usual
• Median Income is dropping
Homeownership & Home Purchases
• Home Ownership support– 40% occupants are house burden; 35% home owners and 5% renters– Average Mortgage is $255; median mortgage is $200 and high is
$2,700– Morgan county accounts for most of the mortgage foreclosures
• Home Purchases– Climbing for Morgan and Cullman County; slight decline in Lawrence
County– Affordable housing deficit for Morgan and Cullman County; median
house cost ~$105,000
Source: CAPNA October 2011 Market Analysis
•Pickens County-Weatherizatioin services• Greene County-2008 33, single family detached homes and health facility plus weatherization & foreclosure prevention• Selma-Dallas County-contracted someone to manage housing development
Strengths
•Good Reputation in the Community
•Political Connections
•Community Building and Organizing
Services Would Like to Offer
Prisoner Re-Entry
CDFI Status
Resources and Education for Minority Contractors
Unique about the service area, richest counties though, then have 2nd poorest county which is Greene county.
*Though one county is the service area, technically the coverage area is the entire state
Strengths•Only homeownership center in the state• Counseling and education•Foreclosure prevention to a greater number of clients than any other places in the state.• Incredibly skilled staff•Licensed contractor and attorney. •Been around 40 years. •Staple in our community
Services Would Like to Offer
Housing Development
Lending
Economic Loss in Service Area
Financial Institution Mass Layoffs
Debt Crisis and Sewer Issues & Bankruptcy
Jefferson County job loss ~1,000+
WHERE ARE THE GAPS?
Organizations Aspire to Offer More Services Such as Those Below, But Need More
Capacity• Housing Development• Lending-CDFI• Small Business development• Homeownership Counseling• Resources for Rural Affordable Housing; Rural
Housing Initiative• Capital Lending
What is the Ideal Alabama In Terms of Affordable Housing?
• “we have a cohesive program policies around housing, trust fund that will identify affordable housing in Alabama. identifying the gaps especially with the elderly. they have a safe place to live. transcends across the state and we have eradicated the substandard housing.”
• “would have an affordable housing clearinghouse that included wrap around services.”
• “any family that wanted to own their home could approach a community based organization that could help them from beginning to end. they will realize the dream of homeownership. wouldn’t have to go through layer after layer.”
• “development of smaller affordable housing properties in rural areas that are not serviced by anyone right now.”
OBSTACLES TO THE IDEAL ALABAMA• LACK OF RESOURCES
• LACK OF POLITICAL WILL
• LACK OF HOUSING POLICY; HOUSING TRUST FUND BILL GETTING PASSED
• OBTAINING CLEAR TITLES
• LAND ACQUISITION-AIR PROPERTY
• LACK OF A COHESIVE PLAN
• NEED FOR MORE PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS WITH “ON THE GROUND” ORGANIZATIONS
CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS• MANY AREAS WITHIN THE ALABAMA NETWORK WOULD CONSTITUTE
“UNDERSERVED”• ALABAMA IS STRUGGLING SOCIO ECONOMICALLY AND ALL OF THE CDCS SEE
OPPORTUNITIES FOR HOW THEY CAN INCREASE THEIR CAPACITY AND THUS EXPAND THEIR SERVICES TO THEIR CLIENTS. GIVEN THE SHRINKING RESOURCE AVAILABILITY AND THE TREMENDOUS ALABAMA CDC STRENGTH, ESTABLISHING A STRATEGIC COLLABORATIVE THAT INCLUDES THE ALABAMA NEIGHBORWORKS NETWORK AS WELL AS THE OTHER CDCS WOULD HELP EXPEDITE AND STRENGTHEN ANY INITIATIVE AROUND IMPROVING THE AFFORDABLE HOUSING SCARCITY
• RURAL AFFORDABLE HOUSING IS AN AREA THAT REQUIRES A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF ATTENTION. LEVERAGE NEIGHBORWORKS NETWORK INTELLIGENCE FROM OTHER STATES COULD BE ONE OF MANY WAYS TO ADDRESS THIS PROBLEM
• ORGANIZING A STATE MEETING WITH PUBLIC OFFICIALS AND THE KEY INTERMEDIARIES AND FOUNDATIONS IN ALABAMA WOULD HELP DRIVE A STATE AGENDA AROUND AFFORDABLE HOUSING. SUCH AN EFFORT MAY ALSO AID IN THE PASSING OF SOME HOUSING POLICY THAT WOULD IMPROVE CURRENT UNCONSCIONABLE LIVING CONDITIONS MANY ALABAMANIANS ARE EXPERIENCING
CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS• FAHE’S BACK OFFICE SERVICES WOULD BE A GREAT ASSET TO ALABAMA
ESPECIALLY GIVEN SOME OF THE CHALLENGES AROUND CLEAR TITLE AND LENDING THAT WERE EXPRESSED BY PRACTITIONERS
• ESTABLISHING AN ALABAMA COLLABORATIVE WOULD BENEFIT THE STATE AND CURRENT CHALLENGES OF THE AFFORDABLE HOUSING. WHILE ALL PARTIES SEEM OPEN TO AN COLLABORATIVE IT IS CLEAR THAT IN ORDER FOR SUCH AN COLLABORATIVE TO BE EFFECTIVE CLEAR TERMS NEED TO BE LAID OUT. THE COLLABORATIVE MUST INCLUDE MOUS AND ENSURE THAT THE ARRANGEMENT IS NOT ONLY BENEFICIAL TO THE STATE BUT THAT COLLABORATIVE PARTIES ARE ABLE TO LEVERAGE THEIR ORGANIZIATIONAL STRENGTHS WITHOUT FEELING LIKE THEY ARE “GIVING AWAY THEIR CLIENTS TO A COMPETITOR”
• BEYOND THE AGREEMENT THE COLLABORATIVE SHOULD HAVE A DOCUMENT DETAILING HOW THE COLLECTIVE GROUP WILL WORK TOGETHER. A GOOD INFORMATION SHARING MODEL TO CONSIDER IS FAHE’S CAUCAUSES WHICH AFFORDS MEMBERS TO ROUTINELY SHARE INFORMATION AND LEVERAGE EACH OTHER’S CAPACITY TO MAKE AN IMPACT
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• OTHER OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING THE AFFORDABILITY SCARCITY WOULD BE– COMMUNITY LAND TRUSTS-SOME INDIVIDUALS
ARE MEMBERS OF OR IN CONVERSATION WITH THE NATIONAL COMMUNITY LAND TRUST COLLABORATIVE
– LAND BANKING
APPENDIX
Additional Resources• Food Desert Locator. http://www.ers.usda.gov/dat
a/fooddesert/fooddesert.html• National Community Land Trust.
http://www.cltnetwork.org/index.php?fuseaction=Main.MemberList
• Land Bank Authorities. http://www.lisc.org/content/publications/detail/793
• Real Estate and Housing Data. http://www.acre.cba.ua.edu/