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Pléiades 17/01/2012 1Pléiades Days 2012

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■Alain GLEYZES■Benoit BOISSIN


PléiadesMain Mission Requirements

■ Image characteristics� 0.7 m Pan resolution at nadir

� four XS bands (blue, green, red, near IR) with 2.8 m resolution at nadir

� 20 km swath at nadir

� data coded on 12 bits

■Revisit Capability� Daily accessibility to any point on the globe

■ Improved access image delay� Better than 24 hours between image request and imag e

delivery in nominal mode

■ Large coverage capability

� In average 140 000 km 2 (350 images) per satellite and per day

Pleiades – spectral bands

Nor

mal

ized

spec

tral

sen

sivi

ty

Wavelength


Cap Breton (extract)E


Cap Breton (false colors extract)


Orbit and Accessibility

■Two satellites on a sun-synchronous, phased and quasi-circular at 695 km 14+15/26 orbit� 26-days cycle, crossing the descending node at 10:3 0

local time,� 180°°°° offset between the two satellites.

■Revisit :� Daily revisit with a resolution of 2.25 m (with 2 s atellites

and a viewing angle of 43 °°°°) � Daily revisit with a metric resolution at latitude greater

than 50 °°°° (with 2 satellites and a viewing angle of 30 °°°°)

1 day

3 days(1 day over 50° latitude)

13 days

2 satellites

2,25 m2days(1 day over 50° latitude)

45°1 m5 days30°

0,7 m26 days5°

resolution1 satelliteViewing

angle

°

-


The Pléiades satellites

■ A new concept compared to Spot

� A small and very agile satellite to improve operational capability and minimize the conflicts between users

■ Designed for an high agility

� Compact 1 ton satellite with low inertia� Rigid satellite with fixed solar array� Attitude control system

• Powerful actuators

■ Designed for an high image quality

� High stability instrument with high precision sensor heads mounted on the optical bench

• for maximum geometrical quality accuracy

Instrument

Antenna Support Structure

Control Moment Gyros

Carbon-Carbon cylinder

Carbon-cyanat optical bench

Highly Integra ted Detection Unit with its radiator

FOG Inertial Measurement Unit(optical core)

STR

Plane mirror





STR

Plane mirror





STR

Plane mirror


Mission performances

■Up to 350 images per day and per satellite

� In a 50° cone around vertical ( 30° with all performances)

� High agility permits to minimize conflicts between users

■Commercial mission over Europe:� 40 targets to acquire,

� 20 targets acquired in a single pass with a metric resolution (viewing angle of +/- 30°) thanks to agility


Mission performances

■Simultaneous stereo capacity with 1 satellite on 1 pass

■Swath enlargement with 1 satellite on 1 pass

■Possibility to follow a cost line or a river

Up to 30 °°°°(1m resolution)

Authorized access

110 km120 km

Segment lengthCoverage wide

201 km350 km0.8

80 km195 km0.4

-25 km0.1

Tri -stereo length

Stereo lengthB/H


© Spot Image 2008

Acquisition simulation (2 satellites)

• For Geographic Institute :• 10% cloud coverage or less• 15°incidence angle or less• 75,000 sq. km to cover, in 11 separated areas (« départements »)

•Including full commercial portofolio given by Spot I mage

Collection achieved within 2 months

(June 7th - August 3rd)


Access delay

■Nominal System Access Delay� Chronology : 2 Plans per day� Access delay : better than 24 hours

■ Improvements funded by Spot Image� Chronology : 3 Plans/ day

• Ability to take in account Urgent programming up to 4 hours before collection

• Morning plan : Optimisation over Europe Africa

• Afternoon plan : Optimisation over America

• Evening plan : Optimisation over Asia

� Direct Tasking• Plan uploaded at the beginning of the

visibility of a receiving station before imaging • Image downloaded just after the image

acquisition SEQUENCE DIRECT TASKING

Ré servation cr é neau "Direct Tasking "Exé cution programmation nominale

Chargement Plan "Direct Tasking " Ex é cution Plan DT charg é

Prises de Vue DTVidage

Reprise programmation nominale


System Products

■Perfect Sensor� Equivalent to a regularly sampled Image delivered b y a

“perfect” linear sensor• Distorsion, focal plane tilt, attitude, orbit and datation

correction• MTF enhancement : deconvolution and denoising• XS/Pa fusion, true or false colour

� System level MTF for PA of 0.2 � Signal to noise ratio better than 90� Product Sampling : 0,5m

■Orthoimage� Corrected with Digital Terrain Model

■Mosaics� Lateral multi-band mode acquisition :

• ortho images stitched together to generate a single product.

� Look as a single image :• no geometric discrepancies• no radiometric discrepancies


In flight commissioning status

■ Launch on 17/12/2011 at 02:03:48 TU ■ PLEIADES 1A separation at 2:58:51 TU

■ LEOP phase :� Safe hold mode converged ~ 1 orbite 17/12/2011� switch to normal mode (D2) 19/12/2011� first images (D3) 20/12/2011� first thrusters activation 20/12/2011� AOCS sensors calibration (D4) 21/12/2011� final orbit reached (D17) 03/01/2012

■ satellite is fully validated� electrical and thermal system� New AOCS with Control Momentum Gyros� Doris on board navigator (real time orbit knowledge <

70 cm)� instrument + image telemetry chain

■ excellent image quality : MTF, SNR■ thermal refocusing system ■ flight domain fully opened few days after launch■ image calibration in progress


in flight commissioning status

■ satellite is fully validated� electrical and thermal system� New AOCS with Control Momentum Gyros� Doris on board navigator (real time orbit

knowledge < 70 cm)� instrument + image telemetry chain

■ More than 1000 segments have been acquired on the Earth

■ Around 500 acquisitions have been performed on stars to calibrate the instrument

■ All the acquisition modes have been successfully exercised� Single scenes� Strips� Depointing angles from nadir up to 50 deg� Stereoscopics acquisitions (bi and tri)� Mosaics The true « first image » is a stereo

over Tarso Toussidé volcano in Tchad


In flight commissioning

■ full agility reached on D4


In flight commissioning

■ full agility reached on D4� angular rate : 3.4 deg/s pictures are here !


radiometrics parameters

■AMETHIST acquisition profile

� line of sight is tilted 90 °°°° in yaw so that every detector

sees the same landscape

■a first set of parameters has been uploaded to the

satellite today

An AMETHIST image


SNR new estimation method

■ “one line” acquisition

■SNR is very good :

Orbit

captured image

PAN B0 B1 B2 B3S/B L1 43,31 69,65 58,69 44,05 28,40S/B L2 155,92 151,98 153,41 154,40 195,47S/B L3 234,86 222,21 226,61 229,08 290,56


Refocusing was performed on D5

■ “star” method :

� 24 stars acquisitions on PLEIADES

constellation …

� 6 focus states

� 4 stars acquired each time

■MTF is estimated also on starsPAN 0.15

B0,1,2,3 > 0.3

T°C 22 24 26 28 30 32Foc (µm) 1476 1203 930 656 383 109


geometry calibration

■absolute location accuracy : in progress !� today’s performance : around 25 m� goal : 5 m …

■detectors line of sight measurement : � XS detectors : registration achieved� PA / XS : still in progress !

■microvibrations� pointing a star with a quasi inertial

profile (slow motion factor of 100) allows to capture any slightmicrovibration

� microvibrations are negligible in the PLEIADES images as they are measured to be < 15 nrad


Synthetic system status @ launch + 1 month

CCC

PHRRIRS

SpDUGS

PHRSpMDUGC

PHRxDMUGC

xDUGSPHRRIRS

PHRRIRS

KIRUNA

PHRFDMUGC

FDUGS

PHRFCMUGC

FCUGS

ICU

PHR Dual GS

Unité d’accèsPHR

Unité de program-mation PHR

Unité de réceptionPHR

Unité DUPC

RestaurationAttitude

Unitéd’accès

UnitéPCME

Segment sol civil françaisniveau multi capteurs

Segment sol militaire françaisSSO niveau multi capteurs



Unité de traitementPHR









Segment sol militaire espagnolniveau multi capteurs

Segment sol militaireniveau multi capteurs



REGIONALSTATIONSNETWORK

validated > 95%in progress < 70%to be tested this week !


Where to get some images ?

� http://smsc.cnes.fr/PLEIADES/premieres_images.htm� http://www.flickr.com/photos/pkpro/sets/72157628743 311535/� http://image-cnes.fr/1-loeil-du-satellite/bora-bora -vue-par-pleiades/


Pléiades systemAccess to the Resources

■ Pléiades is a dual system

■ Two ways to access the system� Defence channel

• High priority requests for cooperating defence– tasking, data reception, processing, archiving and distribution by a Defence Operator– 50 requests maximum per day for 2 satellites (among 700)

• Specific defence Users Centres in Spain and France� Civil Channel operated by a Civilian Operator

• For the other requests– responsibility of tasking, data reception, processing, archiving and distribution is given to

a Civilian Operator

• Civil User Centre in Toulouse – Main Receiving station in Toulouse and Kiruna

■ Final scheduling performed in a dual center� By optimizing the civil plan around the defence one


Civil Channel operation

■Delegated to a Civil Operator� Mission of the Civil Operator

• To develop and fund the Civil Centre and to fund system improvements

• To operate the Civil Channel and to fund these operations

� Astrium GEO-Information Services (ex Spot Image) cho sen after an European Call for Tender in July 2004

• Delegation signed in December 2007

• Exclusive licence for the exploitation of the Civil Channel

■Public Service Delegation� Stress is put on Public Service for

• Authorized Institutional Users of the cooperating countries (France, Austria, Belgium, Spain and Sweden ,Italy and France)

• GMES services

� Resources are allocated• 40% for Public Service

– At the operational cost

• 60% for commercial use


Data Policy for AuthorizedInstitutionnal Users

■Rights� the right to use on their premises the Protected Pr oducts, including the

right to modify these Protected Products in order t o produce other Protected Products or Derivated Products and use th is products;

� the right to exchange Protected Products and Deriva ted Products with any other Authorised Institutional User, provided t he limits of the rights of use defined by this article are complied with.

■Forbidden use� Beyond the above cases Authorised Institutional User s are not allowed

to distribute, sell, rent or transfer, free of char ge or in return for payment, protected products

� Commercial use

■Each Authorised Institutional User has to sign a lic ense before to use a protected Product


Organization on French side

■To optimize the access to the Pléiades resources � an optimized Institutional Portfolio will be estab lished each year

• of course specific requests (for crisis for instance) can be taken into account

� a close monitoring of the progress of the requests • To identify quickly potential difficulties and correction actions

■To help the data sharing between Institutional Users� all the products on France will be made compliant w ith the French NSDI , called

RGE (“Référentiel à Grande Echelle”)� a data base of the products over France will be gen erated

■A CNES/IGN cooperation agreement is under discussion � IGN will generate the “georeferenced” products and m anage the data base� IGN will help CNES for :

• The production of the Portfolio• The monitoring of the Civil Operator activity


First Images

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