alan robock department of environmental sciences
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Lecture 6, 9/22/14. Climate Dynamics 11:670:461. Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA. [email protected]. http://envsci.rutgers.edu/~ robock. Global warming seen in multiple data sets Fig. TS.1. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental Sciences
Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA
http://envsci.rutgers.edu/~robock
Climate Dynamics11:670:461
Lecture 6, 9/22/14
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Global warming seen
in multiple data sets
Fig. TS.1
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Glaciers, Antarctica, and
Greenland are all melting and
contributing to sea level rise.
SLE = sea level equivalent
IPCC AR5 WGIFig. TS.3
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Mann et al.
(1999)
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Figure 19: Northern Hemisphere reconstructed temperature change since 200 AD
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
SciencesFrom IPCC AR4 Technical Summary
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
SciencesFig. 4.1
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
SciencesFig. 4.2
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
SciencesFig. 4.3
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
SciencesFig. 4.4
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
SciencesFig. 4.5
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
SciencesFig. 4.6
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
A = p r2
r
A = 4p r2
Greenhouse Effect
Ts
Emission = sTe
4
S0 = 1368 W m-
2
a
a = planetary albedo (0.30)
Sun
Earth
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Global Energy Balance
Incoming Energy = Outgoing Energy
pr2 S0 (1-a) = 4pr2 sTe4
r = radius of Earth S0 = solar constant (1368 W/m2)a = planetary albedo (0.30)s = Stefan-Boltzmann constant
(5.67 x 108 W m-2 K-4)Te = effective temperature of the EarthTs = observed global average surface temperature
Greenhouse Effect
Ts = 288 KTe = 255 K
33 K (33C° = 59F°)
Greenhouse
Effect
K 255 14S
T 4 0e α
σ
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
S0 = “solar constant” = 1368 W/m2
a = planetary albedo = 0.30Te = effective temperature
Ts = surface temperature
)(14S0
Greenhouse gases
Greenhouse Effect
sTs4
sTe4
Ts = 288K = 15°C (Observed)
Sensible and latent heat
sTe4
Ts = Te = 255K = -18°C
)(14S0
esTe4
Greenhouse Effect
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Alan RobockDepartment of Environmental
Sciences
Robock (1983)
SMEOSIRIS
SAGE II, III