Alaskan National Alaskan National Wildlife Refuge:Wildlife Refuge:

What’s the controversy? What’s the controversy?

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What is the Alaskan oil What is the Alaskan oil controversy? controversy?

1987 Treaty with 1987 Treaty with Canada for Canada for Caribou Herd Caribou Herd conservation conservation

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Why is the land special? Why is the land special?

Continuous Continuous biome biome transition transition QuickTime™ and a

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Many endangered species of Mammals including bears, cats, wolves, grazers

How much oil is there How much oil is there anyway?anyway?

The U.S. consumes about 20 million barrels (3,200,000 m³ The U.S. consumes about 20 million barrels (3,200,000 m³ daily. If the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge oil reserves daily. If the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge oil reserves were used to supply 5% of the U.S. daily consumption -- were used to supply 5% of the U.S. daily consumption -- most is imported from Canada (19%), Mexico (15%), most is imported from Canada (19%), Mexico (15%), Saudi Arabia (11.5%), Nigeria (10.5%) and Venezuela Saudi Arabia (11.5%), Nigeria (10.5%) and Venezuela (10.5%)(10.5%)[12][12] -- the reserves, using the low figure of -- the reserves, using the low figure of 4.3 billion barrels (680,000,000 m³, would last 4.3 billion barrels (680,000,000 m³, would last approximately 4300 days, or approximately 4300 days, or almost 12 yearsalmost 12 years. Using the . Using the high estimate, the reserves would last approximately high estimate, the reserves would last approximately 11800 days, or 11800 days, or 32 years32 years. If the Arctic National Wildlife . If the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge was used to meet 100% of U.S. demand, it would Refuge was used to meet 100% of U.S. demand, it would last for last for 215 days under the low estimate, and 525 days 215 days under the low estimate, and 525 days or just 1.4 years if it contained 10.4 billion barrelsor just 1.4 years if it contained 10.4 billion barrels (1,650,000,000 m³.(1,650,000,000 m³.

Political HistoryPolitical History

Land Reserve under Jimmy CarterLand Reserve under Jimmy Carter Clinton administration Clinton administration

Republicans want to drill, Senate Dems Republicans want to drill, Senate Dems filibuster filibuster

Republicans include ANWR in budget, Clinton Republicans include ANWR in budget, Clinton vetoes vetoes

Declines to make ANWR national monument Declines to make ANWR national monument Bush AdministrationBush Administration

2000 House votes to allow, Senate rejects 2000 House votes to allow, Senate rejects Energy bill including ANWR passes House, Energy bill including ANWR passes House,

ANWR removed in committee ANWR removed in committee

Current StatusCurrent Status

NPR!NPR!

Effects of Drilling on the Effects of Drilling on the EnvironmentEnvironment

Road & pipeline construction - Road & pipeline construction - habitat fragmentation habitat fragmentation

Heavy truck traffic- hurts ground Heavy truck traffic- hurts ground Water pollutionWater pollution potential potential Urbanization in Urbanization in pristine wildernesspristine wilderness

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Effects of Mining on the Effects of Mining on the environment environment

Erosion Erosion Ecosystem disruptionEcosystem disruption Harmful runoffHarmful runoff How far will we go? How far will we go?

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What is each group’s stake?What is each group’s stake? ConservationistsConservationists State Government of AlaskaState Government of Alaska Residents of Alaska Residents of Alaska Oil companies Oil companies U.S. Congress U.S. Congress Native Alaskan Peoples (Inupiat & Gwich’in)Native Alaskan Peoples (Inupiat & Gwich’in)

What is your stake in this? What is your stake in this? What is your argument? What is your argument?