WÄRTSILÄWÄRTSILÄ

John RobbinsJohn.robbins@Wartsila.comOffice 503 432‐8335Cell 503 720‐3081

Multi‐fuel capability, high efficiency, and creating flexibility with Generation Resources:  Internal Combustion Engines

About Wärtsilä Power PLANTs

Services

MARINE

• Started in 1834, HQ Helsinki

• $6 billion annual sales

• 19,000 employees in over 70 countries

• 650 employees US / Canada

• ENGINE MANUFACTURER

These are two stroke, “Slow 

Speed” engines.  For powering ships like the 

“Emma Maersk”

Power Plants – 4 stroke engines

Typical exterior and interior

Wärtsilä Power Plants Worldwide

Oil & gas

Flexible baseload

Industrial self‐generation Grid stability & peaking

AmericasOutput: 11.5 GWPlants: 405

AsiaOutput: 19.8 GWPlants: 1662

EuropeOutput: 12.3 GWPlants: 1802

Total Output:56.2 GW

Plants: 4,742Engines: 10,802Countries: 170

Africa & Middle EastOutput: 12.6 GWPlants: 873

USA+2,500 MW 

Wärtsilä Dual Fuel Engines

20V34DF 18V50DF

Output 8,439 kWe 17,076 kWe

Heat Rate (HHV)*

8,711 Btu/kWh

8,697 Btu/kWh

Speed 720 rpm 514 rpm

Dimensions(L/WH)

42’ x 11’ x 15’143 US tons

63’ x 18’ x 21’391 US tons

* At generator terminals (0% tolerance) when operating onnatural  gas with 1% liquid pilot fuel

Fuel flexibility

Solutions for:– Natural gas and biogases with back‐up fuel– Liquid fuels (LBF, LFO, HFO)– Renewable fuels– Fuel conversions 

Multi‐fuel solutions which can flexibly changebetween fuels (liquid and gas) on‐line.

©  Wärtsilä

Dual‐Fuel applications ‐ ReferencesPower Plants

DF Power Plant 67 installations 354 engines Output 4600 MW Online since1997

Merchant

LNGC• 141 vessels• 567 engines

Multigas Carrier• 5 vessels• 20 engines

Conversion• 1 Chem. Tanker

• Ro‐Ro• 2 vessels• 8 engines

Offshore

OSV’s• 31 vessels• 96 engines

Production• 2 platform• 9 FPSO’s• 1 FSO• 40 engines

Cruiseand Ferry

LNG Cruise ferry• 1 vessels• 4 engines• Complete gas

train

LNG  ferries• 5 ferries• 20 engines• Complete gas train

Navy

Coastal Patrol• DF-propulsion• DF main and

auxiliary engines

Others

TUG• 2 vessel• 2 engines each• Mechanical

driveGuide Ship• 1 vessel /engineIWW• 2 vessel• 3 engines

6 segments > 1,000 engines > 9,500,000 running hours

What are grid operators looking for?

Survey of 33 grid operators, 72% of global wind capacity

From Figure 38, Jones, LE (2013) http://www1.eere.energy.gov/wind/pdfs/doe_wind_integration_report.pdf

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Flexible Generation!

NetElectricalEfficiency

Flexibility

Starting timeRamp rate

Part load operation

Flexibility vs. Electrical Efficiency

40%

50%

Medium High

ICESC

Aero-GT’s

IndustrialGT’s

Coal

CCGT’s

Nuclear

ICE CC

30%

Low

00

Loading sequences for different power plants

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 mins

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

90

100Load %

55

Coal Fired power plant

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

90

100Load %

Combined Cycle power plant (GTCC) Industrial GT power plant (GTSC) 12.5/25min

Aeroderivative GT power plant (GTSC) (6/10min)Combustion Engine power plant (1min)

5 minutes to full load!5 minutes to full load!

Additional power fromWärtsilä plant

Operational Flexibility ‐ Fast Start

0

20

40

60

80

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0

100

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0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390

Power /  %

Speed / rpm

Time / sec

90 seconds to sync, <2.5 minutes to 30% load, 5 minutes to full load

1. Start up conditions+ HT‐water temperature >158°F 

2. Start up preparations3. Speed acceleration and synchronisation4. Loading within 3.5 min5. Full power reached within 5 min

2

3 4

5

1

Start signal

.Minimum up‐time 0 minutes, shutdown 1 minute, minimum down time 5 minutes 

30%

Best simple cycle efficiency

Highest simple cycle electrical efficiency (> 46%)

Engines have high part load efficiency

High plant efficiency over a wide load range

Typical net plant heatrate of 8300 Btu/kWhHHV at 95 °F

20

25

30

35

40

45

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Part load efficiency

Efficiency

N unitsN‐3 units N‐1 unitsN‐2 units

Note: Gas turbine performances by GTPro / 15 °C / 10 bar Natural Gas

Multi‐engine solution allows for a excellent part loadefficiency with a plant turn down ratio of 30%

Net PlantEfficiency

(%)

10 Recip Engines

%

%Plant Load (%)

15

No start penalties & No start‐up costs

Unlimited starts & stops with no impact on cost  or maintenance schedule.

Dispatcher’s dream plantPlains End 227 MWColorado

This is unique, no other competing technology offers the same.

Minimum water use

17

Engine plants minimize not only fuel but alsowater consumption thereby providing majorenvironmental benefits. These plants use aclosed loop cooling system that requiresminimal water

Simple Cycle water consumption = 2 gal/engine/week

Low pressure gas

Engine power plants use low pressure natural gas (85 psig).  No need for aux. gas compressor or high pressure gas line

19 © Wärtsilä   October 29, 2015 M. Harrer 

Aesthetics

Powerhouse design makes the project look like a warehouse.No visible smoke, fumes or steam release

Case study: Plains End, CO

PLAINS END GENERATING FACILITYCO, USAType: Grid stabilityEngines:  20 x Wärtsilä 18V34SG

14 x Wärtsilä 20V34SGTotal output: 227 MWFuel: Natural gasInstalled: 2002 and 2008

Remote controlled from Colorado DispatchCenter

‐Wind generation drops from 700 MW to 350 MW during 1 hour

Screen shot from Colorado Dispatch Center, Xcel Energy, USA

The Plains End Generation facility is balancingColorado’s 1000 MW wind power capacity

Grid stability Power Plants based on reciprocating gas engine gensets is started,providing fast reaction to the change (red and white curves)

Availability and reliability

Firm capacity

Firm capacity

22x1

8V50

SG

CC

GT

(2-2

-1)

Days

Days

MW

MW

Comparison

W34SG

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2010 2011 2012

97.7 97.2 98.099.6 98.9 99.5

1.4 1.6 1.7

OPERATIONAL TREND DATA FOR WÄRTSILÄ 34SG

Availability %

Reliability %

MTTR (hours)

Starting reliability: 99%

22 © Wärtsilä 

29 October 2015

Recent Wärtsilä Flexible Power Plants

Plains End I / II, Colorado, 227 MW Barrick, Nevada, 116 MW Midwest Energy, Kansas, 76 MW STEC Pearsall Texas 203 MW STEC 2, Texas, 221 MW Golden Spread Texas 170 MW PG&E Port Westward, Portland 220 MW Pacific Gas, Humboldt Bay CA 163 MW Matanuska Electric Alaska 171 MW

WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS

171 MW, Palmer, Alaska, USA

Eklutna Generating Station

Customer Matanuska Electric Association (Utility)

Type Wärtsilä 50DF multi‐fuel power plant

Operating mode

Flexible baseload

Gensets 10 x Wärtsilä 18V50DF

Total output 171 MW

Fuel Natural gas, LFO

Scope Equipment Delivery

Delivered 2015

” In the event of a natural disaster such as an earthquake, these engines can switch fuels without a hiccup.”Joe Griffith, MEA General Manager

Wärtsilä Smart Power Generation ‐ Hawaii

Hawaiian Electric Company, Oahu (pending PUC approval)6 x 20V34DF – 50 MW

34DF

29 October 201525 © Wärtsilä 

WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS

162 MW, Eureka, California, USA

Humboldt Bay Power Plant

Customer Pacific Gas & Electric Co (Utility)

Type Wärtsilä 50DF multi‐fuel power plant

Operating mode

Flexible baseload

Gensets 10 x Wärtsilä 18V50DF

Total output 162 MW

Fuel Natural gas, LFO

Scope EPC

Delivered 2011

” Our technology offers high simple cycle efficiency on full and part load as well as other ancillary service benefits that make the Wärtsilä solution a natural choice for this operation.”Frank Donnelly, Vice President, Power Plants, Wärtsilä North America

WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS

220 MW, Clatskanie, Oregon, USA

The Port Westward Unit 2Customer Portland General 

Electric Company(Utility)

Type Wärtsilä 50SG gas power plant

Operating mode

Peaking & Renewable Integration

Gensets 12 x Wärtsilä 18V50SG

Total output 220 MW

Fuel Natural gas

Scope EEQ

Delivered 2014

WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS

49 MW, Modesto, California, USA

The Woodland 3 Generating Station

Customer Modesto Irrigation District

Type Wärtsilä 34SG gas power plant

Operating mode

Peaking & Renewable Integration

Gensets 6 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG

Total output 49 MW

Fuel Natural gas

Scope EEQ

Delivered 2011

” Not only have the Wärtsilä units allowed MID to maximize its usage of renewable energy, it has optimized the efficiency ofMID’s entire generation portfolio.”Martin CaballeroMID AB1257 Staff Workshop Responses

WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS

231 MW, Plains End I and II, Golden, Colorado

Plains End I and IICustomer TYR Energy (IPP)

Type Wärtsilä 34SG gas grid stability

Operating mode

Peaking & Renewable Integration

Gensets 20 x Wärtsilä 18V34SG, 14 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG

Total output 118 MW, 113 MW

Fuel Natural gas

Scope EPC (I), Equipment Delivery (II)

Delivered 2001, 2006

” During breakfast and dinner hours demand increases and the plant follows this perfectly. This is the way. This is the future.”Kent L. Fickett, former Senior Vice President of PG&E National Energy Group (predecessor of NEGT)