alchemy unit investigation ii: basic building materials create a table breaking the code

Alchemy Unit

Investigation II: Basic Building MaterialsCreate a TableBreaking the Code

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© 2004 Key Curriculum Press.

Unit 1 • Investigation II

ChemCatalyst In 1889 a Russian chemistry teacher created an organized table of the elements. At the time only 63 different elements were known. Below is a reproduction of that table.

• What do you think the numbers represent?



The Big Question

• How did Mendeleyev organize the elements?



You will be able to:• Explain how the periodic table of

elements is organized.



• Dimitri Mendeleyev is credited with organizing the elements into the first periodic table.

• The main properties that Mendeleyev used to sort the elements were reactivity with one another and a number describing the atomic weight of each element.

Notes



ActivityPurpose: The goal of this lesson is to acquaint you with Mendeleyev’s organization of the elements by allowing you to create your own table from the patterns you see in the elements.



Making SenseBelow are five possible cards for the element germanium. Where does germanium belong in the table? Which card seems most accurate to you? What is your reasoning?

(cont.)



Germanium

Ge62.7

Germanium

Ge62.7

Germanium

Ge66.0

Germanium

Ge72.6

A B C

D E

Germanium

Ge72.6

(cont.)



• What would you add to the three empty corners to complete the card?

Germanium

Ge

(cont.)

(cont.)



Found in GeH4 gas

72.6

Silver, metalloidModerately soft

Reacts very slowlywith oxygen



Completed Table(cont.)



Check-In• Which of the following elements would you find in

the same group on the periodic table? Explain your thinking.

CadmiumCd

Moderately soft, silvery solid, metal

React very slowly with water Found inCdCl2 (s)

ZincZn

Moderately hard, silvery solid, metal

Reacts very slowly with water Found in ZnCl2 (s)

IodineI

Purple solid, nonmetal Reacts slowly with metals Found inICl (s)

MercuryHg

Silvery liquid, metal Does not react with water Found inHgCl2 (s)



Wrap-Up• Mendeleyev organized the periodic table

based on the properties of the elements. • Mendeleyev’s arrangement of the

elements helped to predict the existence of undiscovered elements.

Alchemy Unit – Investigation IILesson 5:Breaking the Code

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ChemCatalyst

• Where did Mendeleyev place copper, Cu, on the periodic table he created? (Note: The atomic weight of copper is 63.)

• Where would you put copper, Cu, on your periodic table? Explain your thinking.



The Big Question• How can you predict properties of

elements using a periodic table?



You will be able to:• Interpret some of the information given

in the periodic table.



Notes

(cont.)



Notes (cont.)

(cont.)



• The elements in the middle of the table are referred to as the transition elements, or the transition metals.

Notes (cont.)



ActivityPurpose: This lesson will help to identify many of the patterns that are contained in the periodic table of the elements.

(cont.)



(cont.)



Making Sense• The elements copper and gold are

both relatively unreactive. It is easy to bend and shape both metals. Both are used to make coins and jewelry. Is the similarity in their properties consistent with their locations on the periodic table? Explain why or why not.



Notes



Check-In• Use the cards for Cu, copper, and Au, gold, to

describe all you can about the element silver, Ag

shiny, reddishmetal

found inCuCl

reactsslowly in air

Copper shiny, yellowmetal

found inAuCl

Not veryreactive

Gold

Cu63.5

Au197.0



Wrap-Up• Elements in each column of the

periodic table have similar properties.• We can predict the characteristics of a

missing element based on the qualities of the elements found adjacent to it in a periodic table.

alchemy unit investigation ii: basic building materials create a table breaking the code

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