Alcohol: Effects on the Body and Behavior

Alcohol: Effects on the Body and Behavior

Sherri GarciaFull Circle Advertising: A Look at Teen Alcohol Use and

Fetal Alcohol SyndromeCDC’s 2005 Science Ambassador Program

Sherri GarciaFull Circle Advertising: A Look at Teen Alcohol Use and

Fetal Alcohol SyndromeCDC’s 2005 Science Ambassador Program

OverviewOverview Definitions Statistics on teen drinking Short- and long-term effects of alcohol Blood alcohol levels Introduction to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Definitions Statistics on teen drinking Short- and long-term effects of alcohol Blood alcohol levels Introduction to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

“Drinker” Definitions“Drinker” Definitions

Binge drinking: Four or more drinks for a female and five or more drinks for a male at one sitting

Binge drinking: Four or more drinks for a female and five or more drinks for a male at one sitting

“Drinker” Definitions“Drinker” Definitions

Chronic drinking: Daily or almost daily alcohol consumption (60 drinks per month)

Chronic drinking: Daily or almost daily alcohol consumption (60 drinks per month)

Statistics on Teen DrinkingStatistics on Teen Drinking

Monitoring the Future (MTF) reported that in 2004, nearly one in five 8th graders, more than one in three 10th graders, and nearly one in two 12th graders had a drink in the past month.

Monitoring the Future (MTF) reported that in 2004, nearly one in five 8th graders, more than one in three 10th graders, and nearly one in two 12th graders had a drink in the past month.

Teen Statistics (cont.)Teen Statistics (cont.)

From National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2003):

10.9 million users ages 12-20

7.2 million “binge drinkers”

From National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2003):

10.9 million users ages 12-20

7.2 million “binge drinkers”

Short-term EffectsShort-term Effects

Slower reaction times/reflexes Heavy sweating Blurry vision Nausea and vomiting Lowered reasoning ability

Slower reaction times/reflexes Heavy sweating Blurry vision Nausea and vomiting Lowered reasoning ability

Short-term Effects (cont.)Short-term Effects (cont.)

Poor motor coordination Slower heart rate/breathing rate Increased blood pressure Anxiety/restlessness Lower inhibition

Poor motor coordination Slower heart rate/breathing rate Increased blood pressure Anxiety/restlessness Lower inhibition

Mental confusion Memory loss Coma Death from respiratory arrest

Mental confusion Memory loss Coma Death from respiratory arrest

Short-term Effects (cont.) Short-term Effects (cont.)

Long-term EffectsLong-term Effects

Nervous system Muscles Lungs Liver

Nervous system Muscles Lungs Liver

Long-term Effects (cont.)Long-term Effects (cont.)

Sexual organs Brain Heart Esophagus/stomach

Sexual organs Brain Heart Esophagus/stomach

Studies on Teen DrinkingStudies on Teen Drinking

Studies on Teen DrinkingStudies on Teen Drinking

Blood Alcohol Level: What’s It All About?

Blood Alcohol Level: What’s It All About?

Blood alcohol level (BAL) depends on: Weight Amount of food and water in stomach Carbonated alcoholic beverages Gender

Blood alcohol level (BAL) depends on: Weight Amount of food and water in stomach Carbonated alcoholic beverages Gender

Blood Alcohol Level CalculationsBlood Alcohol Level Calculations

BAL = (150/body weight) x (%alcohol/50) x (ounces consumed) x (0.025)BAL = (150/body weight) x (%alcohol/50) x (ounces consumed) x (0.025)

Blood Alcohol Level ExampleBlood Alcohol Level Example

175 pound man drinks four 12-ounce cans of beer with 4% alcohol content

BAL = (150/175) x (4/50) x (48) x (0.025) =.86 x .08 x 48 x .025 = .08%

175 pound man drinks four 12-ounce cans of beer with 4% alcohol content

BAL = (150/175) x (4/50) x (48) x (0.025) =.86 x .08 x 48 x .025 = .08%

Blood Alcohol Levels: So What?Blood Alcohol Levels: So What?

BAL = 0.03 to 0.12 (Euphoria) Self-confident/daring Short attention span Poor judgment Fine motor skills impaired

BAL = 0.03 to 0.12 (Euphoria) Self-confident/daring Short attention span Poor judgment Fine motor skills impaired

Blood Alcohol LevelsBlood Alcohol Levels

BAL = 0.09 to 0.25 (Excitement) Sleepy Memory loss Reaction time decreased Uncoordinated/loss of balance Blurry vision and impaired senses

BAL = 0.09 to 0.25 (Excitement) Sleepy Memory loss Reaction time decreased Uncoordinated/loss of balance Blurry vision and impaired senses

Blood Alcohol LevelsBlood Alcohol Levels BAL = 0.18 to 0.30 (Confusion)

Confused/dizzy Highly emotional Cannot see/slurred speech Uncoordinated/sleepy May not feel pain as easily

BAL = 0.18 to 0.30 (Confusion) Confused/dizzy Highly emotional Cannot see/slurred speech Uncoordinated/sleepy May not feel pain as easily

Blood Alcohol LevelsBlood Alcohol Levels BAL = 0.25 to 0.40 (Stupor)

Can barely move at all Cannot respond to stimuli Cannot stand or walk Vomiting Lapse in and out of consciousness

BAL = 0.25 to 0.40 (Stupor) Can barely move at all Cannot respond to stimuli Cannot stand or walk Vomiting Lapse in and out of consciousness

Blood Alcohol LevelsBlood Alcohol Levels BAL = 0.35 to 0.50 (Coma)

Unconscious Reflexes depressed Decreased body temperature Decreased breathing rate Decreased heart rate Could die

BAL = 0.35 to 0.50 (Coma) Unconscious Reflexes depressed Decreased body temperature Decreased breathing rate Decreased heart rate Could die

Blood Alcohol LevelsBlood Alcohol Levels

BAL = Greater than 0.50 (Death) Breathing stops That says it all!

BAL = Greater than 0.50 (Death) Breathing stops That says it all!

Driving LimitsDriving Limits

Most states set the legal level of intoxication at 0.08 to 0.10

Most states set the legal level of intoxication at 0.08 to 0.10

Drinking is a Personal Choice but Who Else is Affected?

Drinking is a Personal Choice but Who Else is Affected?

Friends and family Strangers Unborn babies – Fetal alcohol syndrome

Friends and family Strangers Unborn babies – Fetal alcohol syndrome

What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?

When mother drinks, baby drinks

Alcohol disrupts brain development

When mother drinks, baby drinks

Alcohol disrupts brain development

Looking BackLooking Back Drinking has various definitions

Binge and Chronic

Drinking can have short- and long-term effects

Slower reaction times Memory loss Nervous system/liver problems

Drinking has various definitions Binge and Chronic

Drinking can have short- and long-term effects

Slower reaction times Memory loss Nervous system/liver problems

Looking Back (cont.)Looking Back (cont.)

Blood alcohol levels are affected by weight and gender

Drinking is a personal choice, but it can affect those around you

Blood alcohol levels are affected by weight and gender

Drinking is a personal choice, but it can affect those around you

Works CitedWorks Cited 1. Understanding Alcohol - Glossary [online]. 2003. [cited 2005 Jul 13].

Available from URL: http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/alcohol/other/glossary.htm.

2. Alcohol Use: Chronic Drinking [online]. 1992. [cited 2005 Jul 13]. Available from URL: http://www.indicators.ak.org/indicators/alcoholusechronic98F.htm

3. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE. Overall teen use continues gradual decline; but use of inhalants rises. Ann Arbor (MI): University of Michigan News and Information Services; December 21, 2004. Table 3. [cited 2005 Jul 7). Available from URL: http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/04data.html#2004data-drugs.

4. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Overview of Findings from the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Rockville (MD): Office of Applied Studies; 2004. p. 14. [cited 7 July 2005].

1. Understanding Alcohol - Glossary [online]. 2003. [cited 2005 Jul 13]. Available from URL: http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/alcohol/other/glossary.htm.

2. Alcohol Use: Chronic Drinking [online]. 1992. [cited 2005 Jul 13]. Available from URL: http://www.indicators.ak.org/indicators/alcoholusechronic98F.htm

3. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE. Overall teen use continues gradual decline; but use of inhalants rises. Ann Arbor (MI): University of Michigan News and Information Services; December 21, 2004. Table 3. [cited 2005 Jul 7). Available from URL: http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/04data.html#2004data-drugs.

4. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Overview of Findings from the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Rockville (MD): Office of Applied Studies; 2004. p. 14. [cited 7 July 2005].

Works Cited (cont.)Works Cited (cont.) 5. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol . [cited 2005 July 22]. Available from

URL: http://www.hsc.wvu.edu/som/cmed/alcohol/short-term.htm.

6. Understanding Alcohol - Information about Alcohol. Teacher’s guide. [online]. [cited 20 June 2005]. Available from URL: http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/alcohol/guide/info-alcohol.htm.

7. Neuroscience for Kids - Alcohol. Alcohol [online]. [cited 2005 Jun 20]. Available from URL: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/alco.html.

8. HowStuffWorks. How Alcohol Works [online]. [cited 2005 Jun 20]. Available from URL: http://www.science.howstuffworks.com/alcohol5.htm.

5. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol . [cited 2005 July 22]. Available from URL: http://www.hsc.wvu.edu/som/cmed/alcohol/short-term.htm.

6. Understanding Alcohol - Information about Alcohol. Teacher’s guide. [online]. [cited 20 June 2005]. Available from URL: http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/alcohol/guide/info-alcohol.htm.

7. Neuroscience for Kids - Alcohol. Alcohol [online]. [cited 2005 Jun 20]. Available from URL: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/alco.html.

8. HowStuffWorks. How Alcohol Works [online]. [cited 2005 Jun 20]. Available from URL: http://www.science.howstuffworks.com/alcohol5.htm.