all about osteoarthritis. the facts about osteoarthritis (oa) most common form of arthritis most...

All About All About OsteoarthritisOsteoarthritis

The Facts about The Facts about Osteoarthritis (OA)Osteoarthritis (OA)

Most common form of arthritisMost common form of arthritis Approximately 20.7 million Approximately 20.7 million

Americans suffer form the disease.Americans suffer form the disease. 3 times as many women suffer 3 times as many women suffer

from the disease than men.from the disease than men. Form of arthritis from wear and Form of arthritis from wear and

teartear

Source: www.AllAboutArthritis.com, 2003

www.arthritis.org, 2003 V112

What is Osteoarthritis?What is Osteoarthritis?

The covering on the ends of bones The covering on the ends of bones gradually wear away, becoming frayed gradually wear away, becoming frayed and rough.and rough.

Known as “wear and tear” arthritisKnown as “wear and tear” arthritis Usually develops due to many years of use Usually develops due to many years of use

and affects people middle-age and older.and affects people middle-age and older. Targets hands and weight-bearing joints, Targets hands and weight-bearing joints,

such as knees, hips, feet and back.such as knees, hips, feet and back.

Source: www.aaos.org , 2003 V113

Warning Signs of Warning Signs of OsteoarthritisOsteoarthritis

Signs include:Signs include: Steady or Steady or

intermittent painintermittent pain StiffnessStiffness Joint swelling or Joint swelling or

tendernesstenderness Crunching sound Crunching sound

when moving when moving Osteoarthritis

Source: www.physicaltherapy.about.com , 2003 V114

Risk Factors for Risk Factors for OsteoarthritisOsteoarthritis

Age- 45 yrs or olderAge- 45 yrs or older Gender- majority of sufferers are womenGender- majority of sufferers are women Certain hereditary conditions, including Certain hereditary conditions, including

defective cartilage and malformed jointsdefective cartilage and malformed joints Joint Injuries caused by physical labor or sportsJoint Injuries caused by physical labor or sports ObesityObesity Diseases that change the normal structure and Diseases that change the normal structure and

function of cartilage, such as rheumatoid function of cartilage, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Paget’s disease, gout or pseudogoutarthritis, Paget’s disease, gout or pseudogout

Source: www.mayoclinic.com , 2003 V115

Symptoms of Symptoms of OsteoarthritisOsteoarthritis

Symptoms usually come on slowly.Symptoms usually come on slowly. Pain and inflammationPain and inflammation

Pain may develop gradually and feel like a deep Pain may develop gradually and feel like a deep ache.ache.

Swelling and stiffnessSwelling and stiffness May be worse in the morning and feel better with May be worse in the morning and feel better with

activity.activity. Loss of range of motionLoss of range of motion ““Sticking” and weaknessSticking” and weakness

Loose fragments of cartilage and other tissue can Loose fragments of cartilage and other tissue can cause locking or “sticking”.cause locking or “sticking”.

Joint may also lose strength and buckle or lock.Joint may also lose strength and buckle or lock.Source: www.aaos.org , 2003 V116

Diagnosis of OsteoarthritisDiagnosis of Osteoarthritis Medical historyMedical history

To prepare for your exam, be sure to have all the To prepare for your exam, be sure to have all the information including:information including:

Chief complaint (Where it is hurting the most?)Chief complaint (Where it is hurting the most?) Chronology of illnessChronology of illness Functional Impact (What effect does the pain have on your life?)Functional Impact (What effect does the pain have on your life?) Family historyFamily history Be sure to mention any previous joint damage Be sure to mention any previous joint damage

Physical examinationPhysical examination X-raysX-rays Lab testsLab tests Joint AspirationJoint Aspiration


Prognosis of OsteoarthritisPrognosis of Osteoarthritis

Generally gets worse over time Generally gets worse over time and cannot be cured.and cannot be cured.

However, pain and stiffness However, pain and stiffness symptoms frequently responds to symptoms frequently responds to medical treatment.medical treatment.

Progression of disease varies from Progression of disease varies from one person to another.one person to another.

Does not always become disabling.Does not always become disabling.

Source: www.praxis.md , 2003 V118

Non-Surgical Treatment Non-Surgical Treatment Options of OsteoarthritisOptions of Osteoarthritis

Lifestyle modificationsLifestyle modifications Change activities that cause pain, including Change activities that cause pain, including

job or sports activities.job or sports activities. If osteoarthritis affects weight-bearing joints If osteoarthritis affects weight-bearing joints

(hip, knee, ankle, spine) and you are (hip, knee, ankle, spine) and you are overweight, a weight loss program may need overweight, a weight loss program may need to be started.to be started.

Exercise with range-of-motion (flexibility), Exercise with range-of-motion (flexibility), aerobic conditioning and targeted muscle-aerobic conditioning and targeted muscle-strengthening exercises.strengthening exercises.



MedicationsMedications Anti-inflammatory medication to reduce Anti-inflammatory medication to reduce

swelling and inflammation.swelling and inflammation. Corticosteroids, which are injected directly Corticosteroids, which are injected directly

into the joint for temporary relief of pain into the joint for temporary relief of pain and swelling.and swelling.

Dietary supplementsDietary supplements Glucosamine Glucosamine ChondroitinChondroitin CalciumCalcium



Physical TherapyPhysical Therapy A fitness program and physical therapy A fitness program and physical therapy

to improve joint flexibility, increased to improve joint flexibility, increased range of motion, strengthen muscle, range of motion, strengthen muscle, bone and cartilage tissues and reduce bone and cartilage tissues and reduce pain.pain.

May use assistive devices (crutches, May use assistive devices (crutches, walker, brace)walker, brace)

Apply ice or heat to affected joint for Apply ice or heat to affected joint for short periods, several times a day.short periods, several times a day.


Surgical Treatment Surgical Treatment Options Options

for Osteoarthritisfor Osteoarthritis May consider surgery if non-surgical options May consider surgery if non-surgical options

do not offer relief to pain.do not offer relief to pain. Surgery is dependent on several factors:Surgery is dependent on several factors:

AgeAge Activity levelActivity level Condition of affected jointCondition of affected joint Extent to which the disease has progressedExtent to which the disease has progressed

Surgical options include arthroscopy, Surgical options include arthroscopy, arthroplasty, joint fusion, debridement and arthroplasty, joint fusion, debridement and joint replacement.joint replacement.



for Osteoarthritisfor Osteoarthritis Fascial reconstruction. Fascial reconstruction.

Placed between the rubbing bone surfaces, Placed between the rubbing bone surfaces, creating a tough connection of scar tissue, creating a tough connection of scar tissue, cushioning the ends of the bones. cushioning the ends of the bones.

Osteotomy. Osteotomy. Cuts the bone to re-align the joint to a Cuts the bone to re-align the joint to a

better position. better position. Often used for younger people, when the Often used for younger people, when the

limb is clearly not straight and the cartilage limb is clearly not straight and the cartilage wear is confined to one part of the joint. wear is confined to one part of the joint.

Source: www.jointreplacement.com, 2003 V123


for Osteoarthritisfor Osteoarthritis ArthroscopyArthroscopy

Doctor uses a small instrument to remove Doctor uses a small instrument to remove bone spurs, cysts, damaged lining or loose bone spurs, cysts, damaged lining or loose fragments in the joint.fragments in the joint.

Joint Fusion (applies to hand and ankle)Joint Fusion (applies to hand and ankle) Eliminates the joint by binding together the Eliminates the joint by binding together the

ends of the bones, which limits movement ends of the bones, which limits movement of the joints.of the joints.



for Osteoarthritisfor Osteoarthritis Joint Replacement (Total Joint Joint Replacement (Total Joint

Replacement, Arthroplasty, Minimally Replacement, Arthroplasty, Minimally Invasive techniques)Invasive techniques) Resurfacing parts of the bones with implants Resurfacing parts of the bones with implants

creating an artificial joint. creating an artificial joint. Cartilage transplantCartilage transplant

Healthy cartilage transplanted to another Healthy cartilage transplanted to another area where cartilage has been damaged. area where cartilage has been damaged.

Not always viable, dependant on the Not always viable, dependant on the condition of the cartilage and bone.condition of the cartilage and bone.

Source: www.jointreplacement.com, 2003 V125

How Treatment Can Help!How Treatment Can Help! Having osteoarthritis Having osteoarthritis

does not mean an does not mean an end to your active end to your active lifestyle.lifestyle.

There are many There are many options to help options to help relieve pain and relieve pain and regain your former regain your former lifestyle.lifestyle.

Restore the joy of Restore the joy of motionmotion

V126

Questions?Questions?

Thank You!Thank You!

all about osteoarthritis. the facts about osteoarthritis (oa) most common form of arthritis most...

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