alternative fuels electricity electric car early history invented between 1832 and 1839 by robert...
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Alternative FuelsElectricity
Electric Car Early History
• Invented between 1832 and 1839 by Robert Anderson
• storage batteries were improved in 1865 and 1881
Electric Car Middle years
• Disappeared by 1935 until the 1960s
• Developed to reduce pollution and dependence on foreign oil
• Personal vehicles top speed of 45mph with a range of 50 miles
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Alternative FuelsElectricity
Legislative Actions
• 1990 Clean Air Act
• 1992 Energy policy Act
• California Air Resources Board regulations
Advancements
• Longer range
• Faster recharge time
• increased speed
Electric Car 1990 - 1997
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Alternative FuelsElectricity
Electric Car 1990 - 1997
60 mile range
7 hour recharge80 mph
80 mile range
70 mph
80 -100 mile range
$30,00- $40,000 in 1998
was too expensive for the average consumer
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Alternative FuelsElectricity
Electric Car Today
2010 Tesla Roadster
• 125 mph
•0-60 in 3.9 seconds
•220 mile range
•Plug-in charge overnight
• Home connector charge 4 hours
$128,000
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Alternative FuelsElectricity
CONS
• Long recharge time
• Recharge from the grid
• Expensive maintenance
• Batteries are expensive and toxic waste
PROS
• Emission free
• 3 X more efficient than ICE
• If charged from renewable sources Zero Emission Vehicle
New longer lasting and faster charging batteries as well as
other technologies are currently being developed
See ahead about hydrogen as a source of electricity
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Alternative FuelsElectricity
TIME WILL TELL
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Alternative FuelsHybrid Cars
How does a hybrid car work
Videohttp://www.howstuffworks.com/hybrid-car.htm
Chevy Malibu Honda InsightToyota Prius
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Alternative FuelsHybrid Cars
Gasoline -Electric Hybrid
• Most common Hybrid on the road
• Small ICE with reduced emissions and increase efficiency
• Advanced electric motor also acts as a generator
• Battery storageFord Escape
The hybrid Experiencehttp://videos.howstuffworks.com/webridestv/5539-the-hybrid-experience-video.htm
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Alternative FuelsHybrid Cars
Series Hybrid
•The gasoline turns a generator
•The generator can charge the battery or
• The generator can power the electric motor
• The gasoline engine never directly drives the vehicle
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Alternative FuelsHybrid Cars
Parallel Hybrid
•The gasoline powers the engine
•The batteries supply power to an electric motor
• The generator can power the electric motor
• Both the gasoline engine and the electric motor can turn the transmission
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Alternative FuelsHybrid Cars
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle(PHEV)
• Recharge through the grid
• 9 cents/kwh = 30mi for 81 cents = 75 cents/gl of gasoline
•If all vehicles were plug-in hybrids we would cut our oil needs by 55%
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Alternative FuelsHybrid Cars
CONS
• Expensive
• Batteries are expensive and toxic waste
PROS
• 20% -25% better mileage than ICE
• 30% reduction in emissions
• No recharging necessary
• Generator and breaks recharge batteries