aluminium & titanium noadswood science, 2011. aluminium & titanium to know how aluminium and...
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Aluminium & Titanium
Noadswood Science, 2011
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Aluminium & Titanium• To know how aluminium and titanium are used
Wednesday, April 19, 2023
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Transition Metals• The transition metals are found in the large block between
groups II and groups III in the periodic table
• Most metals are placed here, including iron, titanium, copper and nickel…
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Common Properties• The transition metals have these properties in common: -
▫ They are metals▫ They form coloured compounds▫ They are good conductors of heat and electricity▫ They can be hammered or bent into shape easily▫ They are less reactive than alkali metals▫ They have high melting points (but mercury is a liquid at
room temperature)▫ They are hard and tough▫ They have high densities
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Aluminium & Titanium• Aluminium and titanium are two metals with a low density –
this means that they are lightweight for their size
• They also have a very thin layer of their oxides on the surface, which stops air and water getting to the metal, so aluminium and titanium resist corrosion making the two metals very useful
• Aluminium is used for aircraft, trains, overhead power cables, saucepans and cooking foil
• Titanium is used for fighter aircraft, artificial hip joints and pipes in nuclear power stations
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Extraction• Why can aluminium not be extracted from their oxides by
reduction with carbon?
• Aluminium is more reactive than carbon, so the reaction does not work
PotassiumSodiumCalciumMagnesiumAluminium
(Carbon)ZincIronLead
(Hydrogen)CopperSilverGoldPlatinum
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Extraction• Aluminium and titanium cannot be extracted from their
oxides by reduction with carbon: -▫ Aluminium is more reactive than carbon, so the reaction
does not work▫ Titanium forms titanium carbide with carbon, which
makes the metal brittle
• Aluminium extraction is expensive because the process needs a lot of electrical energy in the many stages of extraction
• Titanium extraction is expensive because the process involves several stages and a lot of energy – this especially limits the uses of titanium
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Recycling• Aluminium is extensively recycled because less energy is
needed to produce recycled aluminium than to extract aluminium from its ore
• Recycling preserves limited resources and requires less energy, so it causes less damage to the environment
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Research• Using the laptops research the SR-71 Blackbird – when
was it developed and to what spec?
• Why was titanium used and to what advantage?
• What properties does titanium have (e.g. maximum operating temperature / density etc…)