alzheimers kayetty

8/8/2019 ALZHEIMERS KAYETTY

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ALZHEIMERSDementia - is a serious loss of cognitive ability in

a previously unimpaired person, beyond what might

be expected from normal aging. It may be static,

the result of a unique global brain injury, or

progressive, resulting in long-term decline due to

damage or disease in the body.

ALZHEIMERS - (AD), is the most common formof dementia. This incurable, degenerative,

and terminal disease was first described by German

psychiatrist and neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer in

1906 and was named after him. Generally, it is

diagnosed in people over 65 years of age.


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is a slowly progressive disease of the brain that ischaracterized by impairment of memory andeventually by disturbances in reasoning, planning,

language, and perception. Many scientists believethat Alzheimer's disease results from an increasein the production or accumulation of a specificprotein (beta-amyloid protein) in the brain that

leads to nerve cell death.


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Manifestations:First Stage:

Memory loss

Lack of spontaneity

Subtle personality changes

Disorientation to time anddate

Second Stage:

Impaired Cognition and

abstract thinking Restlessness and agitation

Wandering (Sun-downSyndrome)

Inability to carry out ADL

Impaired Judgment

Inappropriate socialbehhavior

Lack of insight, abstract

thinking Repetitive behavior

Voracious appetite

Third Stage

Emanciation, Indifferenceto food

Inability to communicate

Urinary and fecalIncontinence

Seizures


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Ten warning signs ofAlzheimer's disease

Memory loss

Difficulty performing familiar tasks

Problems with language

Disorientation to time and place Poor or decreased judgment

Problems with abstract thinking

Misplacing things

Changes in mood or behavior

Changes in personality

Loss of initiative


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5 As Amnesia

Apraxia

Agnosia

Aphasia

Anomia


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Diagnostic Tests: PET Scan(positron emission

tomography)

EEG (Electroencephalogram)

CT Scan (computerized tomography)

MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging)

Autopsy (as the most reliable)


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Main Causes

Cause(s) of Alzheimer's disease is (are)

not known Amyloid cascade hypothesis" (most

common)

Mutations associated with Alzheimer'sdisease


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Treatment

1. cholinesterase inhibitors

2. partial glutamate antagonists.

Non Pharmacological:

Non-medication based treatments include maximizingpatients' opportunities for social interaction andparticipating in activities such as walking, singing,dancing that they can still enjoy. Cognitiverehabilitation, (whereby a patient practices on acomputer program for training memory), may or maynot be of benefit. Further studies of this method are

needed

alzheimers kayetty

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