AmericanAuditorySocietyScientificandTechnologyMeetingMarch3-5,2016POSTERABSTRACTSTopicareas,posternumbers,andabstractcodes:TopicArea PosterNumbers AbstractCodePOSTERSESSIONI–Thursday–FridayAmplification Poster#1-9 (AMP01-09)CochlearImplants Poster#10-17 (CI01-08)AnatomyandPhysiology Poster#18-21 (ANAT01-04)OtoacousticEmissions Poster#22-27 (OAE01-06)Electrophysiology Poster#28-36 (EP01-09)AuditoryProcessing Poster#37-41 (AP01-05)Audiology/Otology Poster#42-46 (AO01-05)SpeechPerception Poster#47-58 (SPAD01-12)Psychoacoustics Poster#59-65 (PSY01-07)Tinnitus Poster#66-71 (TIN01-06)Vestibular Poster#72-77 (VEST01-06)HearingHealth Poster#78-86 (HH01-09)HearingLoss/Rehabilitation Poster#87-90 (HLRE01-04)POSTERSESSIONII–Friday-SaturdayAnatomyandPhysiology Poster#91-93 (ANAT05-07)WidebandImmittance Poster#94-99 (WI01-06)Electrophysiology Poster#100-112 (EP10-22)Psychoacoustics Poster#113-120 (PSY08-15)OtoacousticEmissions Poster#121-126 (OAE07-12)NoiseExposure/HearingDisability Poster#127-130 (HLD01-04)Training/Rehabilitation Poster#131-133 (TR01-03)SpeechPerception Poster#134-147 (SPAD13-26)Amplification Poster#148-155 (AMP10-17)CochlearImplants Poster#156-161 (CI09-14)AuditoryProcessing Poster#162-166 (AP06-10)

AMPLIFICATIONPoster#1-(AMP01)ReverberationandOpen-fitHearing-aidEffectsonSound-localizationCuesMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardAnnaC.Diedesch,AuD;G.ChristopherStecker,PhD,VanderbiltUniversity,Nashville,TNSoundlocalizationinthehorizontalplanedependsprimarilyontwoacousticcues:interauraltimedifferences(ITD)andinterauralleveldifferences(ILD).Thesecuesaresusceptibletodistortioninthepresenceofreverberation,whichoccursinrealrooms.CertainstylesofhearingaidsmayadditionallyinterferewithITDandILDcues.Open-fithearingaids,forinstance,mixtwocopies(processedandacousticsound)withaslightprocessingdelay(~2-5ms).Here,wemeasuredbinauralrecordingsofbroadbandstimuliusingprobe-tubemicrophonesonanacousticmanikin(KEMAR).KEMARwasfitwithlow-gain,linearbehind-the-earhearingaids.Noisereduction,microphonedirectionalityandfeedbacksuppressionweredisabled.Aidswerecoupledtocomplytipswith0-3vents,ortoopendomes.Soundswerepresentedinanechoicandsimulatedrooms.Binauralcross-correlationandintensity-differencecalculationwereusedtoestimatefrequency-specificITDandILD,respectively.Consistentwithpreviousresearch,ITDbecameerraticandILDdiminishedinreverberantconditions,comparedtoanechoic.Effectsofhearingaidventingwerelessclear.ILDcuesremainedfairlyconsistentwithincreasedventing,whilemid-tolow-frequencyITDcuesvariedacrossventedconditionsinthesimulatedrooms.[SupportedbyNIHR01-DC011548]Poster#2-(AMP02)ValidationofaHearingAidProgramDesignedforMusicListeningEricMcCabe,AuD;AmandaWolfe,AuD;AlysonGruhlke,AuD;ElizabethGalster,AuD,StarkeyHearingTechnologies,EdenPrairie,MNAmplificationinmodernhearingaidsisspecificallydesignedtoincreaseaudibilityforsoftsounds,suchasspeech,whilekeepingloudsoundstolerable.Whilespeechintelligibilityisofmostimportanceformosthearingaidusers,itisalsoimportanttorememberthatnon-speechsituations,suchasmusiclistening,inwhichsoundquality,ratherthanspeechintelligibility,areimportanttomanyhearingaidusers(Cohen,Bailey,&Nilsson2002).Musicandspeechdiffersignificantlyinmanydimensions(Chasin&Ruso,2004),andthesedifferencescancreatedifficultiesforhearingaiduserswhilelisteningtomusic(Leek,Molis,Kubli,&Tufts,2008).Thisresearchstudywascompletedtoevaluateanewmusicmemory,consistingofadistinctcompressionarchitectureandfittingformula,designedtoimprovemusicsoundqualityandlisteningsatisfactionforhearingaidusers.Thestudyconsistedof58participantswhowerefitbilaterallywithvariousstylesofhearingaids.Aforced-choicepairedcomparisontaskcompletedinthelaboratoryandsubjectivedatafromthefieldindicatedparticipantssignificantlypreferredthemusiccompressionarchitectureandfittingformulawhilelisteningtomusicoverasystemdesignedforlisteningtospeech.Poster#3-(AMP03)

HomeTrialEvaluationsoftheTonalAdaptivePhonakDigitalFittingFormulaSolveigChristinaVoss,BS;JinyuQian,PhD,PhonakChina,ShanghaiShuoWang,PhD;RuijuanDong,Otolaryngology-Head&NeckSurgery,BeijingTongrenHospital,BeijingInstituteOfOtolaryngology,CapitalMedicalUniversity,BeijingVolkerKuehnel,PhD,SonovaAG,Staefa,Switzerland,StaefaApreviousstudyhasshownthefirstfitbenefitofanewTonaladaptationoftheAdaptivePhonakDigital(APDT)fittingformulacomparedtotheStandardversion(APDS)forMandarinspeakinghearingimpairedpeople.ThisstudyistoinvestigateindailylifetheperformanceoftheAPDTfittingformulabyconductinghometrials.19MandarinspeakingsubjectswithmoderatetoseverehearinglossfromBeijingwerefittedmonaurallywithPhonakhearingaidsusingAPDT.Subjectscompletedthefirstfit,ChineseHearingAidOutcomeQuestionnaire(CHAOQ)andMandarinHearinginNoiseTest(MHINT)atthehearingcenterandweresenthomewiththeaidsfor4to6weeks.Subjectswerecalledbackeverytwoweekstorepeattheabovequestionnaireandspeechtestbothinquietandinnoise.Thecomparisonoftheperformancesbetweenthefirstandfollow-upvisitsindicatedthefollowing:1)significantimprovementforMHINTinquietoverfourweeksofAPDTadaptation;2)althoughnotsignificant,twelveoutofnineteensubjectsshowingimprovementforMHINTinnoiseoverfourweeksofAPDTadaptation;3)significantlybetterratingsacrossallfivedifferentdifficultlisteningsituationsovertheadaptationperiod.Poster#4-(AMP04)InfluenceofSignal-ProcessingStrategyonSpeechRecognitioninNoisewithTemporalDipsDanielRasetshwane,PhD;DavidRaybine;JudyKopun,MA;MichaelGorga,PhD;StephenNeely,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEInlisteningenvironmentswithfluctuatingbackgroundnoiselevel,listenerswithnormalhearing(NH)can‘glimpse’speechduringdipsinthenoiseandachievebetterspeechrecognitionthaninequivalentsteady-statenoise.Incontrast,listenerswithhearingloss(HL)showlessimprovementinfluctuatingnoise.Thepurposeofthisstudywastoevaluatewhetheranexperimentalhearing-aid(HA)signal-processingstrategythatrestoressuppressionandincludesinstantaneouscompression(referredtoasasuppressionhearingaid,SHA)canimproveoutcomesforlistenerswithHL.Measurementsofnonsensewordrecognitionintemporally-modulatedandsteady-statenoisewereobtainedinHLlistenersfollowingamplificationwithSHAandagenericHA(GHA)withfastcompression(5and50msattackandreleasetimes)butwithoutsuppression.Gainwasprescribedusingeithercategoricalloudnessscaling(CLS)ordesiredsensationlevel(DSL),resultinginatotaloffourprocessingconditions:CLS-GHA,CLS-SHA,DSL-GHAandDSL-SHA.MeasurementsweremadewithoutamplificationinlistenerswithNH.Thelargestimprovementsinspeech-recognitionscores,whenmodulatednoisewascomparedtosteady-statenoise,wereobservedforCLS-SHA,followedbyDSL-GHA.ThepresentresultssuggestthatCLS-SHArestorestheabilitytobenefitfromtemporalmodulationbetterthanDSL-GHA.[WorksupportedbytheNIH]Poster#5-(AMP05)

SpeechIntelligibilityDifferencesBetweenBinauralandMonauralTelephoneListeningConditionsAmandaWolfe,AuD;AlysonGruhlke,AuD;EricMccabe,AuD;ElizabethGalster,AuD,StarkeyHearingTechnologies,EdenPrairie,MNHearingaidusersoftenreportdifficultyunderstandingspeechduringtelephoneconversations.Giventhemanychallengeshearingaidusersexperiencewhileconversingonthetelephone,aswellastheknownbenefitsofbinauralhearing(McArdle,Killion,Mennite,&Chisolm,2012),ourhypothesiswasthatspeechintelligibilityscoresonthetelephonewouldbeimprovedifthesignalwaspresentedthroughbothhearingaidsratherthanone.ThepurposeofthisevaluationwastodetermineifthereweredifferencesinspeechintelligibilitywhencomparingperformanceacrossdifferenttelephonelisteningconditionsusingtheConnectedSpeechTest(Cox,Alexander,&Gilmore,1987).Researchusingadirectear-to-earbinauraltelephonesignalhasnotbeenwidelypublished;therefore,threeconditionswereevaluated:unaided,amonauralacousticphonememory,andabinaural(ear-to-earphonestreaming)acousticphonememory,inwhichthephoneaudiowaswirelesslystreamedfromoneeartotheotherear.Datawascollectedfrom41individualswithmild-to-severesensorineuralhearingloss.Resultsindicatedthatspeechintelligibilityimprovedsignificantlywiththebinauralconditioncomparedtothemonauralandunaidedconditions.Bytakingadvantageofbinauralhearingbenefitsusingwirelessstreamingtechnology,patientsmayexperiencelessdifficultywhenusingthephoneandgreatersatisfactionwithhearingaids.Poster#6-(AMP06)EfficacyofPSAPinPatientswithMildHearingLossJinryoulKim,PhD;HeesungPark,MS;JiEunChoi,MD;SungHwaHong,MD;IlJoonMoon,MD,SamsungMedicalCenter,Seoul,KoreaPersonalSoundAmplificationProducts(PSAPs)havebeendevelopedtoamplifyenvironmentalsoundfornormal-hearingsubjects.PSAPsoperateasmallamplificationonacoupleofmodes.PSAPscanbeagoodrehabilitationoptionforpatientswithmildhearingloss,buttheclinicalefficacyhasnotbeendemonstratedsofar.Thus,objectiveofthisstudyistoevaluateanefficacyofPSAPascomparedwithhearingaids(HAs)inpatientswithmildhearingloss.Tenadultswithmildsensorineuralhearinglosswereenrolled.AllparticipantsdidnotexperienceanyHAs.FollowingexperimentswereperformedwearingeitherPSAPorHA:KoreanHearinginNoiseTest(KHINT),KoreanSpeechAudiometry(KSA),speechqualitytest(ITU-TP800orP835),wordRecognitiontest,andacceptablenoiselevel(ANL)testinquietorinnoise.Additionally,structuredquestionnairewasadministeredforevaluationofpreference.StudyresultsrevealedPSAPshowedoverallimprovementinmostexperimentalcondition,andtheimprovementswithPSAPwascomparabletothosewithHAs.Moreover,PSAPwaspreferredinnoisesession,whileHAwaspreferredinquietsession.PSAPmayprovideconsiderablebenefitandcanbeagoodrehabilitationoptionforpatientswithmildhearingloss.Poster#7-(AMP07)Esteem®Middle-earImplantUsers’PerceptionofOwn-VoiceRelativeLoudnessLizAnderson,PhD,EnvoyMedicalCorp.,St.Paul,MNDraganaBarac-cikoja,PhD,GallaudetUniversity,Washington,DCPeggyNelson,PhD,UniversityofMinnesota,Minneapolis,MN

TheEsteem®activemiddle-earhearingimplantoperatesviatheairconductionpathwayoftheauditorysystem.However,bone-conductedsignalsalsoreceivesomeamplification,probablyviatheinertialmodeofboneconduction,inwhichthevibrationofossiclesisdetectedbytheimplantedSensor.SomerecipientsoftheEsteemimplantreporttheirownvoicesasuncomfortablyloud,whichcanimpactoverallsatisfactionwiththedevice.Toinvestigateown-voiceperceptioninthispopulation,anadaptive,two-track,two-interval,two-alternativeforced-choiceprocedurewasusedtocomparetheloudnessofspeechfeedback(listening-while-speakinginterval)anditsreplay(listening-onlyinterval)byEsteemrecipients.Thesubjects’speechwasrecordedwithamicrophoneplacedabovetheirEsteemear,andbothfeedbackandreplaysignalswerepresentedinsequenceviainsertearphonetotheEsteemear.Subjectsjudgedwhichintervalwaslouder.Basedontheirresponses,replaylevelswereraisedorloweredadaptivelyin1dBstepsuntil20reversalswereobtained,determiningthepointofsubjectiveequality(PSE).Relativeloudnessofthespeechfeedbackwasestimatedfromthedifferenceinsoundpressurelevel(SPL)ofliveandreplaysignalsatthePSE,fromthefinal12reversals.Resultswillbecomparedtohearing-aidusersandnormal-hearinglisteners.Poster#8-(AMP08)IndividualizingMicrophoneTechnologyinSchool-AgedChildrenT35ResearchTraineePosterArunJoshi,BS,TheUniversityOfNorthTexasDepartmentOfSpeechAndHearingSciences,Denton,TXErinPicou,PhD;GinaAngley,AuD;ToddRicketts,PhD,VanderbiltUniversityMedicalCenterDepartmentOfHearingAndSpeechSciences,Nashville,TNMicrophone-basedtechnologies,suchaswirelessmicrophonesanddirectionalhearingaids,havelongbeenadvocatedforimprovingtheSNRinnoisyclassrooms.Thebenefitsfromthesetechnologiesarelimited,however,byanumberofenvironmentalfactors,listeninggoalsandindividuallistenerdifferences.Indeed,researchhasdemonstratedthattheoptimalmicrophonesettingchangesacrosstheschoolday.Additionalresearchhasdemonstratedthatwhileschool-agedchildrenarecapableofswitchingtomicrophonesettingsthatprovidethebestSNR,theyareunlikelytodosoconsistently.Weproposethatlisteningmaybeenhancedbyindividuallyoptimizingsettings,basedbothonperformanceandindividuallistenerpreferences.Thecurrentstudysoughttoexaminetherelationshipbetweenchildren’spreferencefor,andperformancewith,threemicrophonesettingsinsimulatedclassroomlisteningenvironments.Participantsincludedchildrenbetweentheagesof9and17yearswithsymmetricalmildtoseverehearingloss,whowerefitwithbilateralhearingaidsforlaboratorytesting.Laboratorytasksincludedspeech-recognitionperformance,listeningeffort,andsubjectivepreference.Preliminarydatasuggestthatmanyschool-agedchildrenhaveconsistentpreferencesformicrophonesettingsandthesepreferencesdifferbasedonindividualfactors.Clinicalimplicationsofthefindingswillbediscussed.SupportedbyanNIHNIDCDT35DC008763ShortTermResearchTraineeship.Poster#9-(AMP09)Pre-Cochlear-ImplantAmplificationProfilesforPediatricRecipientsT35ResearchTraineePosterAlissaL.Nickerson,BS,UniversityofIllinois,Champaign,ILRosalieM.Uchanski,PhD;LisaS.Davidson,PhD,WashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicine,St.Louis,MO

Background:Childrenwithhearingloss(HL)havereducedaudibilityforallsounds,includingspeech,asaconsequenceoftheirhearingloss.Hearingaids(HAs)thatarefittoprescriptivetargetscanreducetheimpactofHLbyimprovingtheaudibilityofallsounds,andmayfacilitategoodspeechandlanguagedevelopment.WhilesomeresearchershavestudiedHAfittingsforpediatriclistenerspredominantlywithmild-to-severeHL,fewhaveexaminedHAfittingsforchildrenwithsevere-to-profoundHL.Purpose:TocharacterizeHAfittingsandaudibilityofspeechforchildrenwholaterreceivedcochlearimplants(CIs).Wepredicted,consistentwithpreviousliterature,thatHAsofchildrenwithprofoundHLwouldbeunderfittotargets,particularlyatthehighfrequencies.Additionally,wepredictedthatchildrenwithHAfittingsbelowtargetwillconsequentlyhavepooreraudibilityasquantifiedbythespeechintelligibilityindex(SII).ResearchDesign:Aretrospectivedesign.StudySample:Fortychildrenwithsevere-to-profoundHLwhoareparticipatinginaprojectexaminingtheeffectsofearlyacoustichearingforpediatricCIrecipients;these40arethesubsetofchildrenwhosepre-implantaudiologicalrecordsincludedHAfittings.Methods:Audiologicalinformation(etiology,aidedandunaidedthresholds,ageat1stHA,ageatCIsurgery)wasobtainedfromtheparticipants’clinicalcenters.HAfittingdatafromthese40childrenrepresentatotalof62ears.DeviationsofHAOutputfromDesiredSensationLevel(DSL)targetswereexamined,[HAOutput-DSLtarget].Deviationsgreaterinmagnitudethan5dBwereconsideredsignificant.Foreachofthreespeechlevels(soft:~50,conversational:~60,loud:~70dBSPL),HAOutputsandSIIsobtainedfromAudioscanVerifitrecordswereanalyzed.Results:Childrenreceivedtheir1stHA(s)between1and28monthsofage(mean:11;sd:9),andtheir1stCIbetween10and54monthsofage(mean:25;sd:13).Forsoftspeech,thepercentageofearswithHAOutputswithin5dBoftargetwere32,40,47,61and42,at250,500,1000,2000and4000Hzrespectively.Forconversationalspeech,thepercentagesclosetotargetwere54,57,62,70,and41,atthesamefiveoctavefrequencies.Finally,forloudspeech,thepercentagesclosetotargetwere62,49,57,38,and29,for250-4000Hz.Mean(sd)SIIsfor50,60and70dBSPLwere23(19),34(22),and36(22),respectively.Discussion:TherewasvariationinthechoiceofspeechlevelsusedtoexamineHAfittings;notallcenterstestedfittingsatallthreespeechlevels.Overall,moreHAfittingswereclosetotarget(|Deviations|<5dB)forconversationalthanforsoftandloudspeechlevels.Asexpected,theaudibilityofspeechestimatedbySIIwaspoorestforsoftspeech,betterforconversationalspeech,andmarginallygreaterforloudspeech.However,allthreemeanSIIvaluesarelow(<40)andreflectrelativelypooraudibilityevenwiththebest-fitHAsduetothesevere-to-profoundHLsinthesechildren.COCHLEARIMPLANTSPoster#10-(CI01)VocodedSpeechRecognitionofChineseandEnglishAzBioSentencesMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardAlexaPatton,BS;LiXu,OhioUniversity,Athens,OHXinXi,PlaGeneralHospital,Haidian,BeijingAzBiosentenceswerefirstcreatedtoovercometheceilingeffectsinevaluatingsentencerecognitioninhearingimpairedlisteners.ThesentencescontainlesscontextualinformationthanHINTorCUNYsentences.AMandarinChineseversionofAzBiosentenceshasrecentlybeencreatedbasedonthesameprincipleofcreatingEnglishAzBiosentences.Thepurposeofthepresentstudywastocomparesentencerecognitionundervocoderprocessingthrough1to9channels.Twotypesofvocoderprocessingwere

used:noiseexcitedvocoderandtone-excitedvocoder.Thestudyplannedtorecruit20nativeEnglish-speakingand20Mandarin-speakingnormal-hearinglisteners.PreliminaryresultsfromasmallnumberofsubjectsshowedthatEnglishspeakersperformedbetterinbothnoiseandtonevocoderconditionsthanMandarinspeakers.TheEnglishspeakersshowednodifferencesinspeechrecognitionbetweenthetwotypesofvocoders,whiletheMandarinspeakersperformedsignificantlybetterinthetone-vocoderconditionthanthenoise-vocodercondition.ThedifferencesinperformancebetweenthevocoderconditionscanbeattributedtothefactthatMandarinspeakerscanutilizethetoneinformationthatpassesthroughthetonevocodertoassisttheirsentencerecognition.Thisstudyhasimportantimplicationsforfuturecross-languagecomparisonofspeechrecognitioninCIusers.Poster#11-(CI02)FastPsychophysicalTuningCurvesasaMeasureofElectrodePositionMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardLindsayDeVries,AuD;JulieBierer,PhD,UniversityOfWashington,Seattle,WAPerceptualabilitiesvarywidelyamongcochlearimplantlisteners.Apotentialsourceofthisvariabilityiselectrodeposition;suboptimalplacementhasbeenassociatedwithpooreroutcomes.InsightintoelectrodepositioncanbeobtainedviapostoperativeCTimaging,specificallydistanceofeachelectrodefromthemodiolus(innerwallofthecochlea).Additionalinformationcanbeobtainedwithbehavioralmeasures,whicharesensitivetoelectrodepositionandneuralintegrity.Electrode-to-modiolusdistancemayexplainsomevariabilityinbehavioralthresholdswithfocusedstimulation;however,thishasnotbeenevaluatedwithfocusedpsychophysicaltuningcurves(PTCs),whichmayprovideamorecompleteassessmentoflocalvariationsinspectralresolution.UnilaterallyimplantedadultswiththeAdvancedBionicsHiRes90Kdeviceparticipated.CTscanswereobtainedand3Dimagereconstructionswerecreated.Forallavailableelectrodes,fastPTCswerecollectedusingthequadrupolarconfigurationwithinaforward-maskingparadigm,andspreadofexcitationwasquantifiedwithanequivalentrectangularbandwidth(ERB).Preliminarydatashowacorrelationbetweenelectrode-to-modiolusdistanceandtheERBofPTCs,suggestingpoorerelectrodeplacementmaycausebroaderactivation.Thegoalofthisresearchistodevelopafast,non-radiologicmethodforestimatingelectrodeposition,whichmayleadtoimproveddeviceprogrammingthatreducesunwantedchannelinteraction.Poster#12-(CI03)EffectsofInterphaseGapandPolarityinCochlearImplantsT35ResearchTraineePosterErinGlickman,BA;MichelleHughes,PhD;JennyGoehring,AuD;MargaretMiller,AuD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NERecentevidencesuggeststhattheclinically-standardcathodic-leadingbiphasiccurrentpulseislesseffectiveatstimulatingthedeafenedhumanauditorysystemthanananodic-leadingpulse.Modelingstudiesforhumansdemonstratethatbothcathodicandanodicpulsesareeffectiveatelicitinganactionpotentialwhenperipheralprocessesareintact;however,anodicpolarityismoreeffectivewhenperipheralprocessesareabsentordegraded.Interphasegap(IPG)hasalsobeenshowntobeapotentialindicatorofspiralganglioncellsurvivalinanimalmodels.ThegoalofthisstudywastoexaminetheindividualandcombinedeffectsofpolarityandIPGonelectrically-evokedcompoundactionpotential

(ECAP)amplitudegrowthfunctionsacrosstheelectrodearray.IfpolarityandIPGdemonstratesimilartrends,thenwehypothesizethatbothmeasuresreflectmoreglobalaspectsofauditoryneuralsurvival.However,ifpolarityandIPGexhibitdifferenttrends,thenwehypothesizethateachmeasurereflectsdifferentaspectsofneuralhealth.OutcomemeasuresincludeECAPthresholds,maximumamplitude,andslopedifferencesamongpolarityandIPGconditions.ResultsshowthateffectsforstimuluspolarityandIPGaregenerallyconsistentwithexpectedtrends.Durationofdeafnesswasusedasaproxymetricofneuralsurvival.Poster#13-(CI04)AuditoryCorticalActivationwithImage-GuidedCochlearImplantProgramming:fNIRST35ResearchTraineePosterErinR.Nelson,BFA,WashingtonUniversityInSt.LouisSchoolOfMedicine,St.Louis,MOSterlingW.Sheffield,AuD,WalterReedNationalMilitaryMedicalCenter;VanderbiltUniversityCochlearImplantResearchLab,Bethesda,MDIlizaM.Butera,BA,VanderbiltUniversityBrainInstitute,CochlearImplantResearchLab,Nashville,TNReneH.Gifford,PhD,DepartmentofHearingandSpeechSciences,VanderbiltUniversity;VanderbiltUniversityCochlearImplantResearchLab,Nashville,TNObjectives:1)Quantifysubjectivereportsofcochlearimplant(CI)userswithpreviousexperiencewithanimage-guidedprogrammingstrategy.2)Exploreauditorycorticalactivationinresponsetospeechandmusicstimuliusingfunctionalnear-infraredspectroscopy(fNIRS),comparinganimage-guided(IGCIP)andconventionalprogrammingstrategy.Experiment:SpeechrecognitionwasassessedinCIusersusingCNCwords,AzBiosentencesinquietand+5SNR,andavowelrecognitiontask.Chorddiscrimination,MCI,andUW-CAMPTimbretasksassessedparticipants’musicperception.Spectralresolutionandtemporalresolutiontaskswerecompletedaspsychoacousticestimatesofauditoryfunction.AuditorycorticalactivationwasmeasuredusingfNIRSinsixadultCIusersandsixnormalhearing(NH)listeners.Participantslistenedtospeechofvaryinglevelsofintelligibilityandalternatingmusicalintervals,andratedoverallsoundqualityforfNIRSspeechstimuliusingtheJudgementofSoundQuality(JOSQ).Results:fNIRSrevealedsignificantdifferencesincorticalactivationinauditoryassociationareasbetweenlisteningconditionsforbothNHandCIlisteners.Activationresponseswerevariableacrossbothconditionsandsubjects.Discussion:fNIRSholdspromiseforidentifyingdifferencesinactivationcorrespondingtoimprovedperformance.DatacollectionwithCIusersisongoing.SupportedbyanNIHNIDCDT35DC008763ShortTermResearchTraineeship.Poster#14-(CI05)StimulusExpectancyandResponseEntropyinOlderCochlearImplantRecipientsMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardNicoleAmichetti,MS;ErikoAtagi,PhD;ArthurWingfield,PhD,BrandeisUniversity,Waltham,MAYing-yeeKong,AuD,NorthEasternUniversity,Boston,MAPost-linguallydeafenedolderadultsarenowreceivingcochlearimplants(CIs).Inadditiontoperceptualchallenges,olderlistenersarefacedwithdeclinesinworkingmemoryandininhibitionefficiencythattypicallyaccompanyadultaging.Ireporttheresultsofanexperimentinwhichyoungerandolderadult

CIusersidentifiedsentence-finalwordsusingword-onsetgating,inwhichwordswereheardwithincreasingamountsofword-onsetinformationuntilcorrectlyidentified.OlderCIusersrequiredalargeronsetdurationtoidentifysentence-finalwordsthanyoungerusersandthisdifferencewasreducedinthepresenceofaconstraininglinguisticcontext.Wealsoaskedifresponseentropy,calculatedasthenumberofpotentialcompetitorsandtheuniformityoftheirprobabilitydistributions,mightalsoaffecttheamountofwordonsetinformationneededforcorrectidentification.Resultsshowedthattheolderadults’wordrecognitionthresholdsweremorenegativelyaffectedbyresponseentropythantheyoungeradults.Thisagedissociationineffectsofresponsecompetitionsupportsthenotionofanage-relatedinhibitiondeficitindependentofsensoryfunctioninspokenwordrecognitionincontext.Poster#15-(CI06)NeuralCorrelatesofAge-RelatedPerceptualDeficitsinCochlear-ImplantUsersAlessandroPresacco,MS;MatthewJ.Goupell,PhD;CaseyGaskins;MaureenShader,AuD;SamiraAnderson,PhD,UniversityOfMaryland,CollegePark,MDThebenefitsofacochlearimplants(CIs)varyconsiderably.Onepotentiallyimportantfactorisage;olderCIusersmayhavepoorerspeechperceptionthanyoungerCIusers.Behavioralandphysiologicalstudieshavedemonstratedtemporalprocessingdeficitsinolderadults;therefore,performanceinolderCIusersshouldbesimilarlyaffected.Here,wecomparedcorticalresponsestospeechstimuliinyounger(YCI),middle-aged(MCI),andolder(OCI)adultswhouseCIs.Werecordedresponsestothefollowingspeechstimuli:a400-mssynthesized/a/vowelandnaturallyproducedwords‘ditch’(530ms)and‘dish’(470ms).AbivariatepolynomialapproachwasusedtoremoveartifactgeneratedbytheCIandtheresponseswerecircularlycross-correlatedwithatemplatederivedfromnormal-hearingindividuals.PreliminaryresultsshowedmoreaccuratespeechencodingintheMCIgroup(highercross-correlations)thanintheotheragegroupsforthesimpler/a/vowel,butnotforthemorecomplexwords.TheYCIlisteners’responsesmaybeaffectedbyfactorsarisingfromsensorydeprivationduringcriticalperiodsinauditorydevelopment.ThesefindingsmayhaveclinicalimplicationsformanagementofOCIusers,bothintermsofthedevelopmentofCIprocessingalgorithmsandformappingofindividualdevices.Poster#16-(CI07)ASignalCodingStrategyComparisonacrosstheAgeSpectrumMeredithAnderson,AuD;MargaretDillon,AuD,UniversityOfNorthCarolinaAtChapelHill,ChapelHill,NCEnglishKing,AuD;EllenDeres,AuD,UNCHealthcare,ChapelHill,NCInitialactivationofacochlearimplantpromptstheneedtodecidebetweenvariousfeatureoptions.Onedecisionistheselectionofasignalcodingstrategyamongthemultiplepossibilities.Moststudiesreportsimilaritiesinspeechperceptionbetweensignalcodingstrategiesavailablecurrently.Theseinvestigationstypicallyincludesubjectswithawiderangeofageatimplantation.Mapfeatures,suchasstimulationrate,areoftenmanipulatedwhenmappinganolderadult.Therearelimitedinvestigationsastowhethertheselectionofaspecificsignalcodingstrategyatinitialactivationmayinfluencespeechperceptionoutcomesintheolderadultpopulation.Thepresentreportreviewedspeechperceptionoutcomesofyoungerandolderadultslisteningexclusivelytooneoftwosignalcodingstrategies.Allsubjectsexperiencedanimprovementinspeechperceptionoutcomesascomparedtopreoperative

performance.Therewasnodifferencebetweenthetwosignalcodingstrategiesduringthefirstyearpost-initialactivationoftheexternalspeechprocessor.Therewasalsonoeffectofageatimplantationforspeechperceptionperformanceovertime.Poster#17-(CI08)OlderListeners'ProcessingofEnvelopeModulationsinCochlear-ImplantSimulatedSpeechMaureenJ.Shader,AuD;SandraGordon-Salant,PhD;MatthewJ.Goupell,PhD,UniversityOfMaryland,CollegePark,Maryland,MDCochlearimplants(CIs)providespectrallydegradedrepresentationsofspeechsignals,whiletemporalenvelopecuesremainintact.ThenumberofCIusersover65yearsofageissteadilyincreasing,buttheextenttowhicholderadultswithage-relatedtemporalprocessingdeficitsmakeuseoftemporalenvelopecueswhenspectralcuesaredegradedisunknown.CurrentCIspeechprocessingalgorithmsencodetemporalmodulationsupto~400Hz,despiteevidencethatcuesabove~180Hzdonotimproverecognition(Stoneetal.,2008).Inthecurrentstudy,weevaluatedsystematicallydegradedCI-simulatedspeechunderstandinginyoungerandoldernormal-hearinglisteners.Sentencerecognitionwasmeasuredasafunctionofnumberofspectralchannels(4-16channels)andenvelopemodulationfrequency(5-1000Hz)fornoise-vocodedsentences.Resultsshowthatonaverage,youngerlistenersachievesignificantlyhigherscoresthanolderlisteners.Moreover,youngerlistenersareabletoprocessenvelopemodulationsabove20Hzsignificantlybetterthanolderlisteners,especiallyforthe6-and8-channelconditions.TheseresultshaveimplicationsfortheeffectivenessofCIspeechprocessingalgorithmsforolderlisteners;forexample,speechrecognitioncouldbeimprovedforolderCIusersbyincreasingthesaliencyofhigher-rateenvelopemodulations.ANATOMYANDPHYSIOLOGYPoster#18-(ANAT01)EffectsofNoiseonGlucoseTransportintheCochlear-LateralWallT35ResearchTraineePosterAlyssaEverett,BA,UniversityOfArizona,BelAir,MDKevinOhlemiller,PhD,WashingtonUniversity,SaintLouis,MOThisstudyanalyzedtheeffectsofnoiseexposureonglucosetransportintheinnerear,evaluatedbythepresenceorabsenceofglucoseintheorganofCortiandlateralwall.Anon-metabolizableglucoseanalogboundtofluoresceintracerwasusedtomonitorthemovementthroughthecochlea.C57BL/6JandCBA/Jmiceweredividedinto:1)Nonoise,notracercontrol;2)Nonoise,withtracer;and3)107dBnoiseexposurefor2hours,withtracer.TheorganofCortiandlateralwallwereanalyzedundertheconfocalmicroscope.TheobjectiveofthisstudywastodetermineifthepresenceofglucoseinorganofCortiandlateralwallwasdisruptedwithexposuretonoiseinastrain-specificmanner.Resultsshowednoglucoseinthecontrolgroupandpresenceofglucoseinthenonoise,withtracergroup.Noiseexposedmiceshowareductionofglucoseinmostsamples.Futureworkisneededtoobtainmoresignificantinterpretationsofnoiseexposed,withtracersamples.FuturestudiesshoulddeterminemoreefficientwaystoextracttheorganofCortiattachedtothelateralwallfromthemousecochlea.

Poster#19-(ANAT02)SignalingMechanismsthatRegulateResistancetoNoiseInducedHearingLossO'neilGuthrie,PhD,Flagstaff,AZThecochleaofthe129S6/SvEvTac(abbreviated129S)miceisresistanttothemetabolicstressthatunderliesnoiseinducedhearingloss(NIHL).Thecellsignalingmechanismthatdrivesthisresistanceinnotknown.Uncoveringthismechanismwouldbeasignificantbreak-throughinthedevelopmentoftherapiesthatlimittheseverityofNIHL.Thecurrentexperimentsrevealedthatataxiatelangiectasiamutated(ATM),amastercellsignalingkinasethatregulatesglobalDNArepaircanalsoregulatetheresistantphenotypeofthe129Smice.AhighaffinityinhibitortoATMwasperfusedintothecochleawhichabolishedthenoiseresistantphenotype(NRP)relativetocontrolconditions.InSilicocomputationswerethenconductedtoidentifyotherkinasesthatweresimilartoATM.ThreemousekinaseswithsignificanthomologytoATMwereidentified.TwoofthesekinasesalsofunctiontoregulateglobalDNArepair.HighaffinityinhibitorswerethenusedtoinhibiteachkinasewhichresultedintheabolitionoftheNRP.ThethirdkinasehadlittleornoroleinregulatingglobalDNArepairandhighaffinityinhibitionofthiskinasefailedtoabolishtheNRP.TheseexperimentsdemonstratedthatcellsignalingmechanismsthatdriveglobalDNArepairactivitymayregulatesusceptibilitytoNIHL.Poster#20-(ANAT03)SilverDecreasesP.aeruginosaAdherenceinanInVitroModelT35ResearchTraineePosterRachelKing,BA,UniversityOfMaryland,CollegePark,DepartmentOfHearingAndSpeechSciences,Baltimore,MDWee-tinKao,MD;PatriciaGagnon,MD;RichardChole,MD,WashingtonUniversityInSt.LouisSchoolOfMedicine,DepartmentOfOtolaryngology,St.Louis,MOJosephVogel,PhD,WashingtonUniversityinSt.LouisSchoolofMedicine,DepartmentofMolecularMicrobiology,St.Louis,MOObjective:Bacterialbiofilmformationposesseriousrisksofinfectiontopatientswithbiomedicalimplants,includingthosewithtympanostamytubes.Silverhaslongbeenknowntoexhibitanti-microbialeffects,andisusedfrequentlyinthetreatmentofburnwounds.Ithasalsobeenusedinindwellingcathetersanddevicestodecreasebacterialadherenceandinfection.Inthisstudy,wehaveappliedathinsilvercoatingtothesurfaceofglassslidestoevaluatetheeffectofsilveronbacterialadhesion.StudyDesign:Tostudytheeffectofsilvercoatingonadhesion,glassslideswerecoveredwithsilverusingaphysicalvapordepositionmethod.PAO1,PA14and3otopathogenicstrainsofP.aeruginosawereadheredtothesurfaceofthesesilvercoatedslides.Thenumberofadherentbacteriawascountedandanalyzed.Results:SilvercoatingresultedindecreasedadherenceinvitroforalltestedstrainsofP.aeruginosa.Conclusion:WeconfirmthereportsinliteraturethatsilvercoatingdecreasesadheranceofP.aeruginosa,mostlikelyduetotheantimicrobialeffectsofsilver.Poster#21-(ANAT04)

NeuronalCorrelatesoftheDetectionofModulatedToneinModulatedNoiseT35ResearchTraineePosterSamanthaHauser,BA;RamnarayanRamachandran,VanderbiltUniversity,Nashville,TNSimilaritiesanddifferencesinstimuluscharacteristicsinfluenceperceptionofauditoryobjectsembeddedinstreamsofcompetinginformation.Howtheseareimplementedbyneuronsintheauditorypathwayandhowtheseresponsesrelatetobehaviorremainunknown.Wetrainedmacaquemonkeystodetecttonesinnoise,andmanipulatedthesimilarityofthetoneandmaskerbyvaryingamplitudemodulationparameters.Modulationsarepresentineverydaysignalsandareinfluentialinobjectformation.Responsesweremeasuredfromsingleunitsintheinferiorcolliculus(IC)ofthreemonkeyswhiletheydetectedthemodulatedtonesinmodulatednoise.Modulationfrequencyofthenoisewasvaried.Behavioralthresholdsarehighestwhenthetargetanddistractorareatthesamemodulationfrequencyinphaseandlowerinallotherconditions.Neuronalthresholds(basedonresponsemagnitudeandontemporalpatterns)weresimilartobehavioralthresholdsformanyunits,butsomeunitsshowedsignificantlydifferentthresholdsandtrendsasthemodulationfrequencychanged.Preliminarydatasuggeststhatsimilartrendsheldforvariationofmodulationphasedifferences.TheseresultssuggestthatrateandtemporalinformationisavailableintheICtosegregateatargetstimulusfromthebackground.SupportedbyanNIHNIDCDT35DC008763ShortTermResearchTraineeshipOTOACOUSTICEMISSIONSPoster#22-(OAE01)ComparisonofDPOAEandSFOAESuppressioninHumansMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardEmilyBosen,BS;DanielRasetshwane,PhD;JudyKopun,MA;StephenNeely,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEThepurposeofthisstudywastocomparedistortionproduct(DP)andstimulusfrequency(SF)otoacousticemission(OAE)suppressioninthesameears.Emissionsweremeasuredinnormal-hearingsubjects.Theprobefrequency(fpforSFOAEsandf2forDPOAEs)wasselectedforeachsubjecttobethefrequencywiththelargestemissionwithin100Hzof1000kHzwhentheprobelevelwas30dBSPL.Suppressorfrequencies(fs)forbothtypesofemissionsrangedfrom350to1410Hzandlevelsrangedfrom0to80dBSPLin5dBsteps.Growthofsuppressionforeachfsandtuning-curveproperties(i.e.,high-frequencyslope,tip-to-taildifference,andQERB)werecomparedbetweenemissiontypes.Althoughanalysesareongoing,preliminaryresultssuggestthatDPOAEhavelargertip-to-taildifferenceandSFOAESTCshavesteeperhighfrequencyslopes.Poster#23-(OAE02)Multi-toneSuppressionofDistortion-productOtoacousticEmissionsinHumansT35ResearchTraineePosterNicoleSieck,BS,TheUniversityOfTexasAtAustin,Austin,TXDanielRasetshwane,PhD;JudyKopun,MA;WaltJesteadt,PhD;MichaelGorga,PhD;StephenNeely,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NE

Thepurposeofthisstudywastoinvestigatethecombinedeffectofmultiplesuppressors.Distortion-productotoacousticemission(DPOAE)measurementsweremadein22normal-hearingparticipants.Primarytoneshadfixedfrequencies(f2=4000Hz;f1/f2=1.22)andarangeoflevels.Individualsuppressortoneswereatthreefrequencies(fs=2828,4100,4300Hz)andrangeoflevels(-20to80dBSPL).DecrementwasdefinedastheattenuationinDPOAElevelduetothepresenceofasuppressor.AmeasureofsuppressioncalledsuppressiveintensitywascalculatedbyanequationpreviouslyshowntofitDPOAEsuppressiondata.Suppressorswerecombinedintopairsoftwodifferentfrequencies.Suppressorpairswerepresentedatlevelsselectedtohaveequalsingle-suppressordecrements.Thesuppressorpairwiththesmallestfrequencyratioproduceddecrementsthatwereconsistentatallprimary-tonelevelswithanadditive-intensitymodel.Thesuppressorpairwiththelargestfrequencyratioproduceddecrementsatthehighestlevelthatwereconsistentwithanadditive-attenuationmodel.Othersuppressor-pairconditionsproduceddecrementsthatwereintermediatebetweenthesetwoextremes.Ahybridmodelisproposedthatdescribestheobservedrangeofinteractionwhentwosuppressorsarecombined.Poster#24-(OAE03)CochlearMechanismsandOtoacousticEmissionTestPerformanceMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardNikkiGo,AuD;TiffanyJohnson,PhD,UniversityOfKansasMedicalCenter,KansasCity,KSGretaStamper,PhD,MayoHearingAidClinic,Jacksonville,FLIthasbeensuggestedthattheinteractionoftwocochlearsources(i.e.nonlinear-distortionandcoherent-reflection)maycontributetoerrorsinclinicalOAEmeasures(e.g.,Shera,2004).Here,weevaluatetheinfluenceofcontrollingsourcecontributiononOAEtestperformance.Datawerecollectedfrom212normal-hearingandmild-moderatelyhearing-impairedsubjectswhofellintotwocategoriesbasedonaDPOAEscreeningprotocol:theuncertain-identificationgroup(whereerrorswerelikely),andthecertain-identificationgroup(whereerrorswereunlikely).DPOAEfine-structurepatternswererecordedatintervalssurroundingf2=1,2and4kHz,withL2=35,45and55dBSPL.DiscreteCosineTransform(DCT)wasusedtosmoothfinestructure,limitingsourcecontributiontononlinear-distortion.Reflection-sourceOAEswerealsorecordedusingamplitude-modulatedstimulusfrequencyOAEs(AM-SFOAE;Neelyetal.,2005).Presentdatasuggestthatreducingthereflection-sourcecontributionresultedinimproveddetectionofhearinglosswhenf2=1and2kHz,butnotat4kHz,foraclinicallyfeasiblefalse-positiverateof5%.Theseimprovementsweretypicallysmall,between5and20%.Thereflection-sourceAM-SFOAEtestperformancewasneverbetterthanthebestDPOAEconditions.[WorksupportedbytheNIH-NIDCDR03DC011367.]Poster#25-(OAE04)OtoacousticEmissionsinInfants:Normal,Sensorineural,andConductiveHearingLossMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardChelseaBlankenship,AuD;LisaHunter,PhD,CincinnatiChildrensHospitalMedicalCenter,Cincinnati,OHDouglasKeefe,PhD;DenisFitzpatrick,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NE

PatrickFeeney,PhD,VAPortlandHealthCareSystem,NationalCenterforRehabilitativeAuditoryResearch,Portland,ORTheprimarypurposeofthisstudywastocharacterizedistortionproductotoacousticemission(DPOAE)levelandsignaltonoise(SNR)valuesinagroupofinfantsdiagnosedwithconductive(CHL)orsensorineuralhearingloss(SNHL)bydiagnosticAuditoryBrainstemResponse(ABR;Elsayedetal.,2015).DPOAEresultsfromtheCHLandSNHLgroupswillbecomparedtolongitudinalnormativedatafromnewbornsandinfantsunderage1year(McCuneetal.,2014).Atotalof764earswereincludedinthestudy.Thenormalhearing(NH)groupincluded705earsofinfantsthatpassedthenewbornhearingscreeningandhadnormalABRthresholds.Thehearinglossgroupincluded49earsdiagnosedwithaCHLand10earsdiagnosedwithaSNHLviaABR.Receiveroperatingcharacteristic(ROC)curveswereconstructedtodeterminethediagnosticutilityofDPOAElevelstopredictthepresenceofhearinglossateachtestfrequency.ROCcurvesdemonstratethattestperformanceisfrequencydependent,withthebestperformanceseeninthehighfrequencies.Testfrequenciesbelow2kHzfailtodifferentiateinfantswithhearingloss.Additionalanalysiswillbecompletedtodetermineappropriatecut-offpointstodistinguishbetweenNH,CHL,andSNHLinnewbornsandinfants.Poster#26-(OAE05)ImprovementsinIdentifyingHearingLossUsingTransientEvokedOtoacousticEmissionsHammamAlMakadma,AuD;BethPrieve,PhD,SyracuseUniversity,Syracuse,NYTransient-evokedotoacousticemissions(TEOAEs)havebeenusedfortwodecadesasscreeninganddiagnosticteststoidentifyhearingloss,yettherehasbeenlittledevelopmenttooptimizetheireffectiveness.Clinically,itiscommontodeterminewhethertheTEOAEinaparticularfrequencybandispresentorabsentbasedona6dBsignal-to-noiseratio(SNR)ora70%reproducibility.ThepurposeofthisprojectwastouseunivariateandmultivariatemodelstodetermineoptimalTEOAEcharacteristicsforidentifyinganddiagnosinghearingloss.TheretrospectiveanalysisincludedTEOAEsmeasuredusingtheBiologicScoutsystemandaudiometricdatafrom162individuals(373ears)ranginginagefrom20to95years.Receiveroperatorcurves(ROC)wereconstructedforunivariateandmultivariatepredictorsofhearingstatus(i.e.,normalvs.hearing-impaired)thatincludedTEOAEreproducibility,TEOAElevelandSNRatthreeaudiometricfrequencies.ResultssuggestthatROCusingmultivariatefactorsaresuperioratsomefrequenciestothoseforunivariatefactors.HearingthresholdcriteriafordeterminingwhetheranearhadnormalhearingorhearinglossresultedindifferentROCareas.DiscussionwillfocusonwhetherTEOAEsthatarepresentbutlowlevelcanimproveclinicalprotocols.[SupportedbyGerberAuditoryResearchFund,SyracuseUniversity]Poster#27-(OAE06)Distortion-ProductOtoacousticEmissionsforMonitoringOtotoxicityinCysticFibrosisPatientsDanielPutterman,AuD;PatrickFeeney,PhD;GarnettMcMillan,PhD,VAPortlandHealthCareSystem,Portland,ORAngelaGarinis,PhD,OregonHealth&ScienceUniversity,Portland,ORDouglasKeefe,PhD;DenisFitzpatrick,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NELisaHunter,PhD,CincinnatiChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenter,Cincinnati,OH

Distortionproductotoacousticemissions(DPOAEs;0.841to8.0kHz)andpure-tonethresholds(PTT;0.25to16.0kHz)wereusedforserialmonitoringofauditoryfunctionin96patients(meanage=26yr.)withcysticfibrosis(CF)whoreceivedobligateaminoglycosides.DPOAEswereobtainedusingacommercialsystemwithL1=65dBSPLandL2=55dBSPL,withaF1/F2ratioof1.22.ThecriterionforthepresenceofaDPOAEwassignal-to-noiseratio(SNR).Receiveroperatingcharacteristic(ROC)analyseswithintheCFgroupdemonstratedthatDPOAEspossessedexcellentabilitytodistinguishsensorineuralhearinglossfromnormalhearingwithanareaundertheROCcurveof0.85to0.96ateachDPOAEfrequencyband.90%referencelimitsfortest-retestdifferencesinDPOAESNRwerealsoobtainedfrom40normalhearingcontrolsubjects(meanage=30yr.)toidentifyCFearswithabnormalchangesinDPOAEs.SevenCFearsdemonstratedpersistentPTTshiftsbasedondatafromatleastthreevalidtestsessions.DPOAESNRgenerallydecreasedinthesamefrequencyregionasthePTTshiftfortheseears.IndividualDPOAEdataforcasesofpersistentPTTshiftswillbepresented.SupportedbyNIHR01DC010202.ELECTROPHYSIOLOGYPoster#28-(EP01)StimulusParameterandAgeEffectsontheABRinAdultsT35ResearchTraineePosterJordanRacca,BA,TheUniversityOfTexasAtDallas,FtWorth,TXLindaHood,PhD,VanderbiltUniversity,Nashville,TNThisstudyexaminedthecombinedeffectsofstimulusrate,frequency,andintensityonABRlatencyandamplitudemeasuresinbothyoungerandolderadultswithnormalhearing.EarlierstudiesintheHumanAuditoryPhysiologyLabatVanderbiltUniversityfoundanincreasedWaveVlatencyshiftfromslowtofaststimulusratesonlyforlowfrequency,lowintensitystimulithatwasreplicatedusinghigh-passmaskingandincreasedstimulusrates.Thepresentstudywasdesignedtofurtherdefineeffectsofstimulusinteractionsinyoungadultswithnormalhearingandtocompareyoungerandolderagegroups.Inthefirstpartofthestudy,intensityfunctionswerecompletedfortoneburststimulicenteredat1,2,and3kHzacrossthreeratesrangingfrom29-156/stobetterdefinefrequencyandintensitycharacteristicsgivingrisetotheobservedWaveVlatencyshift.Greaterlatencyshiftsfrom29-78/swereseenforstimuliatandlowerthan2kHzand45dBnHLfortheyoungergroup.Greaterlatencyshiftsbetween29-156/soccurredatallfrequenciestestedatvariousintensitylevelsinbothagegroups,withgreatershiftsinolderlistenerssuggestingapotentialsensitivitytoauditoryaging.[SupportedbyanNIH-NIDCD-T35DC008763ShortTermResearchTraineeship.]Poster#29-(EP02)AgeandHearingImpairmentEffectsonFFRtoDynamicStimuliT35ResearchTraineePosterJaneGrabowski,MA,TowsonUniversity,Baltimore,MDCurtisBillings,PhD;MichelleMolis,PhD;SamGordon;MelissaFrederick,AuD;SeanKampel,AuD,NationalCenterForRehabilitativeAuditoryResearch,Portland,OR

Synchronousneuralfiringandaccuratephase-lockingsupporttheencodingoftime-varyingacousticfeaturesofspeechcriticalforspeechdiscrimination.Evidencesuggeststhatphase-lockingisdisruptedinolderandhearing-impairedadults,whichmayhelpaccountforthefrequently-reportedperceptualdeficitsinthosepopulationsnototherwiseaccountedforbyperipheralhearingsensitivity.Thefrequency-followingresponse(FFR)haspreviouslybeenutilizedtoindexsubcorticalencodinginvariouspopulations.ThecurrentstudyexamineddifferencesinFFRqualitybetweenthreelistenergroups:youngernormally-hearing(YNH)(N=10,M=27.7,range=24-33),oldernormally-hearing(ONH)(N=10,M=59.7,range=51-66),andolderhearing-impaired(OHI)(N=10,M=66.5,range=54-77)adults,asafunctionofsweepcountinresponsetodynamictonalstimuli.Three-thousandsweepswerecollectedinalternatingpolaritytoarisingtonalstimulus120msinlengthspanningtwo-thirdsofanoctave.FFRwaveformswereaveragedinincreasingincrementsof50consecutivesweepsandwereanalyzedviacross-correlationanalysis.ResultsrevealthatFFRqualitypredictablyincreasesasafunctionofsweepcountinallthreepopulations,butONHandOHIadultsrequiresignificantlymoresweepsthanYNHadultstoachieveFFRsofsimilarquality,suggestingthatthereissomedesynchronizationintemporalinformationencodinginolderindividualsandindividualswithhearingloss.Poster#30-(EP03)Onset-OffsetN1-P2ResponsesinIndividualswithHigh-FrequencySensorineuralHearingLossMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardJenniferGonzalez,PhD,UniversityOfConnecticut,Scottsdale,AZFrankMusiek,PhD,UniversityOfArizona,Tucson,AZCentralauditoryprocessingdisorder(CAPD)iscommonlydescribedasdifficultyhearinginbackgroundnoisedespiteanormalaudiogram.However,CAPDandsensorineuralhearingloss(SNHL)arenotmutuallyexclusive;rather,thetwocanoccurtogetherandcanhavedifferentunderlyingmechanisms.DuetoalackofunderstandingoftheeffectsofSNHLoncentralauditoryfunction,thediagnosisofCAPDinindividualswithSNHLremainsdifficult.Thisstudyexaminedtheonset-offsetN1-P2auditoryevokedresponseintwogroupsofindividuals,onewithnormalhearingandonewithhigh-frequencysensorineuralhearingloss(HFSNHL),asafirststepinevaluatingwhetherSNHLcouldbedistinguishedfromCAPDusingthisobjectiveparadigm.StimuliwerepresentedindBSLandconsistedofbroadbandnoise,500Hz-centerednarrowbandnoise(regionofnormalhearing),and4000Hz-centerednarrowbandnoise(regionofhearingloss).Resultsarepromisingfortheuseoftheonset-offsetN1-P2responseevokedbybroadbandnoiseindistinguishingSNHLfromcentralauditorydysfunction,asHFSNHLappearedtohavelittleeffectontheresponseathighersensationlevels.Severalenhancedwaveformcomponentsobtainedusingthenarrowbandnoisestimulisuggestthathomeostaticplasticity,or‘braingain,’resultingfromSNHLmayhavecontributedtotheresults.Poster#31-(EP04)PerceptualandNeurophysiologicalEffectsofAge-RelatedHearingLossandAmplificationMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardKateMcClannahan,BA;KristinaBacker,PhD;KellyTremblay,PhD,UniversityOfWashington,Seattle,WA

Thepurposeofthisstudywastoexaminetheneuralrepresentationanduseofsoundinthreegroupsofage-matchedolderadults(aged55-75;n=15pergroup)withdifferenthearingexperiences:1)NormalHearing(NH),2)Untreatedage-relatedsensory-neuralhearingloss(u-SNHL)withoutahistoryofhearingaiduse,and3)Treatedsensory-neuralhearingloss(t-SNHL)viaregularhearingaiduse.Participantscompletedtwosessions:1)Behavior:Audiometry,cognitivescreening,qualityoflifequestionnaires,nonverbalIQtest,speechrecognitioninquietandnoise,andtestsofworkingmemorycapacity(bothauditoryandvisual);2)Electrophysiology:Evokedpotentials(P1-N1-P2)wererecordedinresponsetoaspeechsyllablepresentedatdifferentsoundlevels(equalsoundpressurelevel(SPL)andequalsensationlevel(SL)).AllthreegroupsperformedsimilarlyontestsofworkingmemoryandnonverbalIQ,butdifferedonself-reportmeasures.Bothhearinglossgroupsindicatedgreaterdifficultyindailylisteningsituations(SSQ12),andthet-SNHLreportedgreaterhearinghandicap(HHIE)thantheNHandu-SNHLgroups.Neuralmeasuresshowedsignificantmorphologydifferences(latencyandamplitude)betweengroupswhenthestimuliwerepresentedatequalSPL;however,onceaudibilitywasaccountedfor(equalSLlevels)thesedifferenceswerenotpresent,suggestinggroupdifferenceswereduetoaudibility,andnotcentralchangessecondarytoauditorydeprivation.FundedbyNIHNIDCDF30DC010297,T32-DC005361andAAAStudentInvestigatorResearchGrant.Poster#32-(EP05)AuditoryEvent-RelatedPotentialstoSpeechinInformationalandEnergeticMaskingMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardKatharineFitzharris;RossRoeser,PhD,UniversityOfTexasAtDallas,Dallas,TXThemostcommoncomplaintofindividualswithhearinglossistheirinabilitytounderstandspeechinnoisyenvironments;thus,speech-in-noise(SIN)hasbeenanareaoftremendousresearch.Ithasbeenestablishedthatacomplexinteractionofperipheralandcentralauditorysystemsunderliestheabilitytocomprehendspeechindegradedenvironments.Methodologically,however,behavioralandelectrophysiologicalstudieshavebeendisparate:wherebehavioralandclinicaltestingestablishesavariablesignal-to-noiseratio(SNR)thresholdbasedonanindividual’sperformance,studiesutilizingauditoryevent-relatedpotentials(AERPs)tendtousefixedSNRvalues,resultinginvariableperformance.BothbehavioralandAERPstudieshaveillustratedtheimpactofstimuluseffectsonSINperformance,e.g.,SNRandmaskertype.ThepurposeofthisstudywastouseAERPsinordertoevaluatetheinteractionsbetweenperipheralandcentralsystemsintheprocessingofsyllablestimuli.Usingbehaviorally-establishedSNRlevels(60%-correct,100%-correct)andtwotypesofbackgroundnoise(speech-shapednoise,multitalkerbabble)inanoddballtask,AERPswererecordedandanalyzedrelativetothepeakamplitudesandlatenciesoftheN1,P2,andP3.Resultsfrom20youngadultsindicatethatwhenbehavioralaccuracyiscontrolledfor,peripheralcontributions(SNR)havethegreatestimpactonspeechprocessing.Poster#33-(EP06)EffectsofAmplificationonPhaseLockingtoaSpeechSyllableMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardCalliFodor,BS;SamiraAnderson,PhD,UniversityOfMaryland,CollegePark,MD

Olderadultsoftenhavetroubleadjustingtohearingaidswhentheystartwearingthemforthefirsttime.Thereislittleresearchabouttheeffectsofamplificationonauditoryevokedresponsestospeechstimuliduringinitialhearingaiduse.Thepresentstudyassessestheeffectsoffirst-timehearingaidamplificationonsubcorticalandcorticalphaselockingtoaspeechsignalinolderadults.Unaidedandaidedfrequencyfollowingresponsesandcorticalresponsestothestimulus[ga]wererecordedinthesoundfieldforthreeconditions:65dBSPLand80dBSPLinquiet,and80dBSPLin4talkerbabble(+10signal-to-noiseratio).Whencomparingunaidedandaidedresponses,increasedphaselockingatmostharmonics,aswellasanincreaseintheresponseamplitudewerenotedinthe65dBSPLaidedconditionduringthetransitiontimeregion,whichcorrespondstothehighfrequencyconsonant.Similarimprovementsinphaselockingwerenotedfortheaided65dBSPLcorticalresponse.Nosignificantchangeswerenotedintheotherconditions.Theseresultssuggestthatinitialamplificationimprovesneuralencodingoftheregionofthespeechsignalthatismostdifficulttohear,thehighfrequencyconsonantvoweltransition.Poster#34-(EP07)InformationalMaskingEffectsonNeuralEncodingofanAcousticChangeMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardChristopherNiemczak,BS;KathyVanderWerff,PhD,SyracuseUniversity,Syracsue,NYRecentinvestigationsusingcorticalauditoryevokedpotentialshaveshownmasker-dependenteffectsonsensorycorticalprocessingofspeechinformation(e.g.Bennettetal.,2012).Behaviorally,weknowthatinformationalmasking,composedofspeech,providesgreaterchallengestospeechunderstandingthansimpleenergeticmasking(HelferandFreyman,2008).Weusedtheacousticchangecomplextoavowelchangefrom/u-i/recordedinnormal-hearingyoung-adultsunderfourconditions:quiet,continuousspeech-shapednoise,8-talkerbabbleand2-talkerbabble.Theseconditionsrepresentincreasinginformationalmaskingfromcontinuousnoisetobabble,andastalkernumberdecreases.AmplitudeandlatencyresultstostimulusonsetgenerallyshoweddecreasingamplitudeandincreasinglatencyoftheN1-P2fromquiettocontinuousnoisetothebabbleconditions.However,meanamplitudeofthetwobabbleconditionswerenotsignificantlydifferent(p>0.05).TheP1-N1-P2evokedbytheacousticchangewassmallerthantheonsetresponse.Thisresponsewasreducedbyallnoiseconditionsandcouldnotbereliablyidentifiedinbabbleconditionsformostsubjects.Theseresultsofcontinuousnoiseversusbabblesupporttheideathatthepresenceofinformationalmasking,butnottheamountoftalkers,hasalargereffectonthespeechencodingattheleveloftheauditorycortex.Poster#35-(EP08)NeuralSynchronyforNoveltyDetectionPredictsSpeechPerceptioninNoiseMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardTessKoerner,AuD;YangZhang,PhD;PeggyNelson,PhD,UniversityOfMinnesota,Minneapolis,MNAuditoryevent-relatedpotentials(ERPs)canhelpunderstandtheneurophysiologicalprocessesunderlyingspeechperceptioninnoise,alisteningsituationthatisdifficultformanyindividuals.Inthepresentstudy,ERPswereobtainedfromnormal-hearinglistenersduringanactivechange-detectiontask.Theexperimentalprotocolemployedadouble-oddballparadigminvolvingthedetectionofaconsonant

changeandavowelchange.Twostimulusconditionswereusedtocomparespeechperceptioninquietandinnoise.AveragedERPresponseswereanalyzedtoobtainP3latencyandamplitudemeasures,andtime-frequencyanalysiswasperformedtoexaminetheeffectofnoiseoninter-trialphasecoherence(ITPC)inselectedoscillatoryfrequencybands.Additionally,behavioralphoneme-changedetectionandsentencerecognitionwereevaluatedtofindpotentialneurophysiologicalcorrelates.Significantnoise-inducedchangeswereobservedintheP3responseanditsassociatedITPC.Moreover,therewereseveralsignificantbrain-behaviorcorrelations,suggestingthatthenoveltydetectionresponseandtrial-by-trialneuralsynchronymeasuresaregoodpredictorsofbehavioralperformanceacrossthequietandnoiselisteningconditions.Poster#36-(EP09)Auditory-EvokedPotentialsandSpeech-in-NoisePerceptioninPresbycusisMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardSoEunPark,MS;CynthiaFowler,PhD,UniversityWisconsin-Madison,DepartmentOfCommunicationSciencesAndDisorders,Madison,WIThestudyexaminedtheeffectsofagingandhearinglossonauditoryneuralcodingandneuralcorrelatesofbehavioralspeech-in-noise(SIN)perceptualability.Auditoryevokedpotentials(AEP)tospeech/ba/andtoneboursts(500Hz,2kHz)wererecordedinthreeconditions(quiet,speechnoise,babble)atthelevelsof80-100dBSPL,accompaniedbynoise(65dBSPL).SINperceptionwasmeasuredusingSpeechPerceptioninNoise(R-SPIN)testandlow-predictabilityitemswereonlyscoredandcorrelatedwithamplitudesandlatenciesofAEPcomponents(Pa,N1,P2,N2).Threegroupsareformed:(1)fiveyoungnormal-hearingadults(YNH),(2)sixoldernormalhearingadults(ONH),and(3)sixolderadultswithpresbycusis(OHL).DifferentspectrotemporalcuesofspeechandnonspeechaffectsthemorphologicalchangesinAEPsforallgroups.ThegreateramplitudesofPaandN1inONHreflecttheeffectsofaging(YNHvs.ONH),whilemoreenhancedamplitudesofN1andP2inOHLreflecttheeffectsofhearingloss(ONHvs.OHL).N2latencieswereremarkablydelayedforbothagedgroups.Strongnegativecorrelationswerefoundbetween/ba/-evokedAEPsinbabbleandSPIN-LPscoresforbothagedgroups.Thefindingscontributetodeterminingtheneuralbasesofcentralpresbycusis.AUDITORYPROCESSINGPoster#37-(AP01)TestingVariablesthatAffectAPDTestOutcomesMariaPomponio,AuD,TempleUniversitySchoolOfMedicine,Philadelphia,PAStephanieNagle,PhD;JenniferSmart,PhD,TowsonUniversity,Towson,MDShannonPalmer,PhD,CentralMichiganUniversityTheauditoryprocessingabilitiesof33adultswereevaluatedusingthreetestsofauditoryprocessingdisorder(APD).Allparticipantsweregiveneachtestinaccordancewithpublishedguidelines,andwithvariancesfromstandardizedmethodology.Resultsrevealedsignificanteffectsofvaryingstandardizedproceduresontestoutcome.Basedonthesefindings,itisimperativethataudiologistsadministertestsof

APDinaccordancewithpublishedguidelinesinordertoimprovetestreliabilityandreducethecontroversysurroundingtheassessmentanddiagnosisofAPD.Poster#38-(AP02)TheAudiologicEvaluationoftheMultipleSclerosisPatientMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardDianeCheek,BA;RenataFilippini,PhD;FrankMusiek,PhD,UniversityOfArizona-Speech,Language,AndHearingSciences,Tucson,AZAffectingovertwomillionpeopleworldwide,multiplesclerosis(MS)leavesthecentralnervoussystemvulnerabletodemyelinatinglesionswithinitswhitematter.Thecentralauditorynervoussystem(CANS)isnotimmunetothesepathologiceffectsandfunctionallisteningdeficitsmayoccurwellbeforethemoreovertneurologicsymptomsappear.Forexample,overfifty-percentofMSpatientsreportlisteningdifficultiesdespitehavingnormalaudiometricthresholds.Theselisteningdifficultiescouldbeassociatedwiththepresenceoflesionstoauditoryareasofthebrainstemorcorpuscallosum,twohighlymyelinatedCANSstructuresimportantinauditoryfunction.ThisliteraturereviewanalyzedresultsofrefereedstudiesinvolvingABRandDichoticListening(DL)inMS.Atwo-testABR-DLprotocolyieldedgreatersensitivitytoMSlesionsthaneitherABR-aloneorDL-alone.ThecurrentresultssupportthecombineduseofABRandDLtestsintheaudiologicevaluationoftheMSpatient.Thiswillplacecliniciansinakeypositiontodeterminewhetherperceivedchangesinfunctionallisteninginthealready-diagnosedpatientarearesultofdiseaseprogressioninthecentralnervoussystem.Poster#39-(AP03)EffectsofParkinson'sDiseaseonAuditoryProcessingT35ResearchTraineePosterAmyRiggins,BA,UniversityOfWisconsin-Madison,Madison,WIJayVachhani,AuD;SarahTheodoroff,PhD;RachelEllinger;FrederickGallun,PhD;RobertFolmer,PhD,NationalCenterForRehabilitativeAuditoryResearch,Portland,ORThisstudyassessedauditoryprocessingabilitiesof36patientswithParkinson’sDisease(PD)and35healthyage-matchedcontrolsubjects.Participantswereseparatedintofourgroups:youngerhealthycontrols(averageage60.4years),youngerPDpatients(averageage60.5years),olderhealthycontrols(averageage71.4years),andolderPDpatients(averageage71.7years).Assessmentsincludedconventionalaudiometry,centralauditoryprocessing(CAP)tests,electrophysiologicmeasurements,andquestionnairessuchastheHearingHandicapInventoryforAdults(HHIA).Bothstudygroupsexhibitedmoderatehigh-frequencysensorineuralhearinglossanddidnotdiffersignificantlyonmostCAPassessments.OneexceptionwassuperiorperformancebytheyoungcontrolgrouponSpatialReleasefromMasking(SRM)tests.Whiletherewerenosignificantdifferencesinauditorybrainstemresponse(ABR)latenciesoramplitudesbetweenthestudygroups,thereweresignificantdifferencesbetweengroupsinlonglatencyevokedpotentialsfortheP300andN200componentsinresponsetotonalandspeechstimuli(p<0.05).Thesedifferencesinhigher-levelprocessingofauditorystimulimightbeearlyindicatorsofcognitivedeclineforthePDgroup.StudysupportedbytheU.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairsRR&DServiceandtheNationalCenterforRehabilitativeAuditoryResearchatPortlandVAHealthCareSystem.

Poster#40-(AP04)MLDwithDigits(MLDD):DevelopmentandNormativeDataKathrynSchwartz,PhD,OldDominionUniversity,Norfolk,VADaniaRishiq,PhD;GretaStamper,PhD;DavidZapala,PhD,MayoClinicFlorida,Jacksonville,FLSamanthaKleindienst,PhD,MayoClinicArizona,Scottsdale,AZThecapacitytounderstandspeechinbackgroundnoiseisinfluencedbyhearingandlinguisticability.Importantvariablesthatdifferacrossexistingtestswhichassessspeechunderstandinginnoiseincludethelinguisticcomplexityofthetargetstimuli,thetypeofbackgroundnoise,andthepresentationmode.TheMaskingLevelDifferencewithDigits(MLDD)isanewtestcreatedbyMayoClinicFloridatoaddresstheneedforaspeechinnoisetestthatislinguisticallyprimitive(doesnotrequirehigh-levellinguisticprocessing)andmeasuresthereleasefrommaskingeffect.Thiseffectistheabilitytohearasignalinnoisebetterwhenthenoiseispresentedtobothears(diotic)comparedtoonlyoneear(monotic)andoccursattheleveloftheauditorynerveandlowerbrainstem.TheMLDDtestisdesignedtooffertwoadvantages:(1)sensitivitytoendorgan,CNVIII,andbrainstem-leveldiseases;and(2)measureprecursorabilitiesnecessarytocompletehigher-orderspeechinnoisetasks.Wewillpresentnormativedatafrom18normal-hearingyoungindividuals(meanage23yr),and60normal-hearingolderindividuals(meanage59yr).ThisposterwillreviewthedevelopmentandstandardizationoftheMLDDforpotentialuseindiagnosticclinicalsettings.Poster#41-(AP05)DichoticDigitTestPerformanceAcrosstheAgesMaryE.Fischer,PhD;KarenJ.Cruickshanks,PhD;DavidM.Nondahl,MS;BarbaraEkKlein,MD;RonaldKlein,MD;TedS.Tweed,MS,UniversityOfWisconsin-Madison,Madison,WIADichoticDigitTest(DDT)underfree-anddirected-recallconditionswasperformedintheEpidemiologyofHearingLossStudy(2008-2010)andBeaverDamOffspringStudy(2010-2013).Twenty-fivesetsoftriple-digitpairswerepresentedat70dBHL.Audiometrichearingthresholdsweremeasured.Therewere3655participants(meanage=61.1years;range=21-100years).Theaveragefree-recallscorewas76.7%andolderage,malesex,andlesseducationweresignificantly(p<0.0001)associatedwithpoorerperformance.Participantswithhearinglosshadsignificantly(p<0.0001)lowerage-sexadjustedscoresthanparticipantswithouthearingloss[mildloss:-3.6digits(2.4%);moderateormarkedloss:-12.0digits(8.0%)].Fordirected-recall,69%oftheparticipantshadaperfectscoreand15.5%missedonly1digit.Poorerdirected-recallscoreswererelatedtoolderage,lesseducation,andmoderateormarkedhearingloss(p<0.0001).Adjustingforage,sex,education,andhearingloss,participantswithcognitiveimpairmenthadlowermeanscores[free-recall12.5digits(8.3%)loweranddirected-recall5.8digits(7.8%)lower,(bothp<0.0001)]thanparticipantswithoutcognitiveimpairment.Substantialvariationremainedinfree-recallDDTscoresthatwasnotexplainedbyage,sex,education,hearingloss,andcognitiveimpairment.AUDIOLOGY/OTOLOGY

Poster#42-(AO01)DiabeticRetinopathyandAuditoryDysfunctioninaVeteranCohortT35ResearchTraineePosterMeganEitel,BS,MontclairStateUniversity,Wayne,NJDonAustin,MD;DawnKonrad-Martin,PhD;KellyReavis,MS;JaneGordon,MS;DanielMcDermott,MS;MarilynDille,PhD,NationalCenterForRehabilitativeAndAuditoryResearch(NCRAR),Portland,ORWeonJun,PortlandVAMedicalCenter,Portland,ORObjective:Developingdiabeticretinopathyisdependentonmetaboliccontroland/ordiseaseseverity.Researchsuggeststhatdiabetescancauseperipheralandcentralabnormalitiesintheauditorysystem.Thisstudyaimstodeterminetherelationshipbetweenauditorydeficitandretinopathy.StudyDesign:AprospectivecrosssectionalstudycomparingauditorydysfunctionandpresenceofretinopathyinVeteransdiagnosedwithdiabetesmellitustype2(DM2).Methods:Participantswere62VeteranswithDM2.Puretoneaudiometryandretinalscanscompletedbetween01/01/2011and12/31/2014.Retinopathyscanstakenfromclosestcorrespondingtimepointtothehearingtest.Theworseear,basedonclinicalPTA,waschosenforanalysis.Thresholdmeasuresof250Hz,theclinicalpuretoneaverage(PTA),ahighfrequencyPTA,andABRwaveIlatencyandamplitudevalueswerecomparedwithretinopathyscores.Results:Preliminaryanalysisrevealedasignificantassociationbetweenpresenceofretinopathyandhearinglossat250Hz.Hearingimpairmentobservedinhigherpercentageofparticipantswithretinopathy,asopposedtoparticipantswithoutretinopathy.Conclusions:Retinopathy,amarkerofmicrovasculardisease,isanalyzedforitsrelationshipwithhearinglossandABRwaveIchanges.Hearinglossindiabetesmaybemoreprevalentamongindividualswithretinopathypossiblyattributedtomicrovascularchanges.Poster#43-(AO02)AutomatedForced-ChoiceWord-RecognitionTestsRobertMargolis,PhD;GeorgeSaly,AudiologyIncorporated,ArdenHills,MNHeatherGilbert,UniversityOfMinnesotaDeptOfOtolaryngology,Minneapolis,MNBrandonMadsen,AuD,NationalCenterforRehabilitativeAuditoryResearch,Portland,ORRichardWilson,PhD,ArizonaStateUniversity,Tempe,AZUsingaforcedchoiceresponsetask,automatedspeech-recognitiontestswereconstructedandevaluatedwithtennormal-hearinglistenersandtwentylistenerswithsensorineuralhearingloss.Speech-recognitionthresholdsweremeasuredwithCIDW-1recordingsofspondaicwordsinafour-intervalforced-choiceparadigm.Wordpresentationlevelsconvergedonthe50%pointoftherecognition-performancefunction(SRT).SRTswerecomparedtopure-toneaveragesobtainedbyautomatedaudiometry.Word-recognitiontestswereconductedwithrecordedNU-6monosyllabicwords(VArecordings)atfivepresentationlevelsusingclosed-setandopen-setresponses.Becausechanceperformanceanduseofcontextmaketheclosed-settaskeasierthantheopen-settask,closed-setscoresweresignificantlyhigherthanopen-setscoresfornormalandhearing-impairedlisteners.Theresultspermitadeterminationofthepresentationlevelsforopen-andclosed-setteststhatproduceequivalentscoresforlistenerswithnormalhearing.Theselevelswereusedtodetermineiftheperformancebyindividualimpairedlistenerswaspoorerthanfornormal-hearinglisteners.

Poster#44-(AO03)PrognosticValueoftheThresholdEqualizingNoiseTestinPatientswithSuddenSensorineuralHearingLossJungminAhn,MD;JiEunChoi;IlJoonMoon,PhD;Won-hoChung,PhD;Yang-SunCho,PhD;SungHwaHong,PhD,SamsungMedicalCenter,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology-HeadandNeckSurgery,SamsungMedicalCenter,SungkyunkwanUniversitySchoolofMedicine,50Irwon-dong,Gangnam-guTheaimofthisstudywastoinvestigatetheprognosticvalueofthethreshold-equalizingnoise(TEN)testinpredictinghearingrecoveryinpatientswithSSNHL.OnehundredandonepatientswhohadexperiencedSSNHLonthebothsidewereenrolled.WeperformedtheTENtestandpuretoneaudiometry(PTA)foreachparticipant.ThePTAwascalculatedtocomparethehearingchangebetweenpatientwithandwithoutdeadregions(DRs)whichdetectedbyTENtest.WhenwedividedtwogroupsaccordingtothepresenceofDRs,82earsbelongedtotheDR(-)group,30earsbelongedtotheDR(+)group.Initialaveragepure-tonethresholdswere68.4-1.4dBand67.3-3.4dBinpatientswithoutDRsandwithDRs.However,initialwordrecognitionscore(WRS)weresignificantlypoorerinpatientswithDRsthanthosewithoutDRs.(p=0.037).Whencomparedthechangeofpuretonethresholdsbetweenthetwogroups,therewasdifferencebetweenthetwogroups.DRsareassociatedwithpoorhearingrecoveryandpoorspeechintelligibilityinpatientswithSSNHL.Therefore,theTENtestappearstobeareliabletoolforthepredictionofrecoveryinpatientswithSSNHL.Poster#45-(AO04)UseofSentenceCuesBasedonConfidenceDuringWord-RecognitionTestsHeekyungJ.Han,MS;RobertS.Schlauch,PhD,DepartmentOfSpeech-language-hearingSciences,UniversityOfMinnesota,TwinCities,Minneapolis,MNDuringclinicalword-recognitiontests,writedown-talkbackerrorsdramaticallydecreasewhensentencesthatcontainthetargetwordareusedinameaningfulcontext,butthismethodistimeconsuming(Hanet.al.,2014).Thepurposeofthisstudyistoassesstheeffectivenessofsentenceswithcontextualcuesbasedonatester’sconfidence.Participantswithsimulatedhearingloss(Lowpassfilteredat1000Hz)judgedwhetherpersonsinvideosrepeatedwordscorrectlyandassignedanumberregardingtheconfidencewithwhichtheymadedecisions(1:notverysure-5:verysure)eitherinanauditoryonly(AO)orauditoryvisual(AV)condition.About40%ofthetestwords(250words)werescoredagainusingsentencecuescreatedbypersonsinthevideos,andconfidenceabouteachdecisionwasalsocollected.Allofthevideo-tapedoralresponseswereobtainedat-4dBSNRforapproximately50%performance.Theuseofsentencecuesbasedonconfidencereducedtesttimeapproximately80%withascoringaccuracyof99%inanAVcondition.Thisresultwasalsoobservedintwoparticipantswithcochlearimplants.IntheAOcondition,however,performancewastoopoorforthesentencestrategytohelp.Poster#46-(AO05)AuditoryPhenotypeofNGLY1-CDDG

CarmenBrewer,PhD;KellyKing,PhD;ChristopherZalewski,PhD,NIDCD/NIH,Bethesda,MDCarlosFerreira,MD;DonnaKrasnewich,MD;WilliamGahl,MD;LamChristina,MD;LynneWolfe,NHGRI/NIH,Bethesda,MDNGLY1-CDDGisthefirstcongenitaldisorderofde-glycosylation,arareinbornerrorofmetabolismfirstdescribedtocausehumandiseasein2012.Here,wesetouttodetermineifandhowtheauditorysystemisinvolved,anddevelopanunderstandingoftheroleofthisenzymeintheauditorysystem.Methods:Weevaluatedelevenpatients(2-21years)withNGLY1-CDDGandconfirmedbiallelicNGLY1mutationswhowereenrolledinaprospectivenaturalhistoryprotocolattheNIH.Audiologictestsincludedpure-tonethresholds,tympanometry,DPOAEandABR.Results:Pure-tonethresholdscouldbeestablishedinonlythreepatientsandallhadnormalhearingsensitivity.Tympanometryprovidednoevidenceofmiddleeardysfunction.Cochlearintegrity(i.e.,presentDPOAEand/orcochlearmicrophonic)wasintactbilaterallyfor10patientsandunilaterallyforonepatient.WaveIoftheABRwaspresentbilaterallyforsixpatientsandunilaterallyforone.Ninesubjectshaddelayed,dysynchronousand/orimmeasurabletransmissionthroughtheauditorybrainstem.SeverityofabnormalitiesinbotheighthnerveandbrainstemABRcomponentsworsenedwithincreasingage.Discussion:Theauditorypathwaythroughthecochleawaslargelyintact,however,patientswithNGLY1-CDDGcanhavepoorauditoryneuralsynchronyanddegradationoftheauditorysignalthroughthebrainstem.SPEECHPERCEPTIONPoster#47-(SPAD01)Band-ImportanceFunctionsofClearSpeechandConversationalSpeechMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardPitchuleeUayporn,BS;CatherinePalmer,PhD,UniversityOfPittsburgh,Pittsburgh,PATheliteraturedemonstratesacousticdifferencesbetweenclearspeech(i.e.,speechthatisdeliberatelyclearlyspoken)andconversationalspeech(i.e.,speechthatindividualsspeakintheirdailylife).Mostspeechmaterialsusedinaudiologyresearchandclinicalpracticeareread-speechmaterialwhichisoftenreferredtoasclearspeech.Materialsmayconsistofsinglewordsandinthesecasesthesignificanceofclearlyspokenmaterialversusaconversationalpresentationwillnotbeparticularlyrelevant.Insentencelengthorlongermaterials,thedifferencebetweenclearspeechandconversationalspeechwillberelevantandmayimpactresearchfindingsandclinicalrecommendations.Thevastmajorityofstudiesexaminingspeechintelligibilityhaveusedclearspeechasthematerialofinterest.Ourgoalistogainfurtherunderstandingofhowinformationinclearandconversationalspeechsignalsarespreadamongthevariousfrequencybandsofthedistinctspectra.Inthisstudy,theinfluenceofspeechmaterials(clearorconversationalspeech)onband-importancefunctions(BIFs)wasinvestigatedusingacompoundapproachforestablishingBIFs.Asaresult,BIFsforconversationalspeechisdifferentfromthatofclearspeechintermsofshapesandweightssuggestingthatfrequencybandsoftheparticularmaterialscontributedifferentlyinspeechunderstanding.Poster#48-(SPAD02)

SpatialReleasefromMasking:EffectsofSimulatedUnilateralHearingLossMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardNicoleCorbin,AuD;EmilyBuss,PhD,TheUniversityOfNorthCarolinaAtChapelHill,ChapelHill,NCLoriLeibold,PhD,3CenterforHearingResearch,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEThisstudyassessedtheimpactofsimulatedunilateralhearingloss(simUHL)onchildren’sabilitytobenefitfromspatialseparationofthetargetandmasker,aneffectreferredtoasspatialreleasefrommasking(SRM).Childrenandadultswithnormalhearingcompletedasentencerecognitiontaskinthepresenceofamaskerthatwaseithertwo-talkerspeechorspeech-shapednoise.Thetargetwasalwayspresentedfrom0degreesazimuth,andthemaskerwaspresentedfromeither0,+90,or-90degreesazimuth.TestingwascompletedbothwithandwithoutamoderatesimUHL,createdthroughtheuseofafoamearplugandsupra-auralearmuff.WhenthemaskerwaspresentedcontralateraltothesimUHL,thresholdswereelevatedrelativetotheco-locatedconditionforbothmaskers.WhenthemaskerwaspresentedipsilateraltothesimUHL,SRMwasreducedrelativetothebaseline(normalbilateralhearing)conditionforthetwo-talkermasker.Thispatternofresultswasobservedforbothchildrenandadults,althoughchildrenperformedmorepoorlyoverall.Thesefindingssuggestthatcompetingtwo-talkerspeechrevealslisteningdifficultiesinthesimUHLconditionsthatthespeech-shapednoisedoesnot.Poster#49-(SPAD03)RecognitionofInterruptedWordsbyListenerswithSensorineuralHearingLossMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardKadieSharrett,BS,EastTennesseeStateUniversity,Bristol,TNTworecentstudieshaveshownthatthetemporallocationsofinterruptionpatternswithinwordshaveasubstantialinfluenceonword-recognitionperformance.Aninterruptionparadigm(10ips,50%dutycycle)using10sequentialinterruptionpatternssynchronizedtowordonsetwasappliedto70monosyllabicwordsandstudiedonyoungadultswithnormalhearing(Hamm&Wilson,AAS,2015).Tworecognitionpatternsemergedforthewordsacrossthe10onsetconditions,flatandU-shaped.Thecurrentstudyreplicatedthatstudyon24olderadultswithsensorineuralhearingloss;anuninterrupted-wordconditionwasadded.Twosessionswererequired.Recognitionperformanceonthe70wordsuninterruptedwas91.0%withoverallperformanceonthe10interruptionconditions63.2%(range,57.9%-69.3%)comparedto80.4%(range,73.0%-87.7%)obtainedearlierontheyoungadults.Thebestperformanceswereattheextremesoftheonsetconditionsandnodominantrecognitionpatternsemerged.Comparingthetwostudies,mostsubjectsandwordshadpoorerperformanceswiththeoldersubjects.Thediversityofrecognitionperformancesbytheolderlistenersonthe10interruptionconditionswitheachofthe70wordssupportsthenotionthatthetermhearinglossisinclusiveofprocesseswellbeyondthefilteringproducedbyend-organsensitivitydeficits.Poster#50-(SPAD04)EffectsofAudio-VisualDistractionsinOlderandYoungerListenersMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardMaryBarrett,BA,Beltsville,MD

Real-worldlisteningsituationsarecharacterizedbyrapidandunpredictablechangesinthetargettalker,backgroundnoise,andvisualdistractions.Multiplecompetingaudio-visual(AV)talkers,inadditiontovariationsintheidentityandpositionofthetargettalker,maycausesignificantdeclinesinspeechrecognition.Asidefromtalkervariabilityandvisualdistractionfrommultipletalkers,everydaylisteningsituationsarealsosaturatedwithnon-speechrelatedhighvisualdistractions,whichcancausethelistenertomisstheutterancespokeninthegroupconversation.Thepresentstudyassessesspeechrecognitionperformanceinyoungerandoldernormalhearinglisteners,aswellasolderhearing-impairedlisteners,usingtheAVmodalityinthreetypesofsituations:increaseintalkervariability,decreaseintalkerpredictability,andthepresenceofhighvisualdistractions.Resultstentativelyindicatethatageandhearing-impairmentmayinfluencespeechrecognitionwhenAVdistractionsarepresent,withyoungernormalhearinglistenersoutperformingoldernormalhearinglisteners,andoldernormalhearinglistenersoutperformingolderhearing-impairedlisteners.Theresultssuggestthatolderlisteners,especiallyolderhearing-impairedlisteners,areatadisadvantageforunderstandingspeechinthepresenceofhigh-distractioncompetingAVstimuli.Poster#51-(SPAD05)AdaptationtoForeign-AccentedSpeech:InfluenceofAgingandHearingLossMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardRebeccaBieber,BS;SandraGordon-Salant,PhD,UniversityOfMarylandCollegePark,CollegePark,MDFornativeEnglishlisteners,somenon-nativespeakerscanprovechallengingtounderstandduetotheiraccentedspeech.Priorworkhasshownthatexposuretonumerousforeignaccentsmayleadtogeneralizationofadaptationtoaccentedspeech.Benefitsofexposuretraininghavebeenshownforyoung,normalhearinglisteners,butthebenefitsofthistypeoftraininghavenotbeenevaluatedforolderlisteners.Thisproposaloutlinesanexperimentwhichfurtherstheinvestigationofadaptationtoaccentedspeechthroughatrainingparadigm.Participantsincludeyounglistenerswithnormalhearing,olderlistenerswithnormalhearing,andolderlistenerswithhearingloss.Trainingconsistsofexposuretomultipleaccentedspeakerswithvariousforeignaccents.Concurrently,participantscompleteasecondaryvisualprobetask.Theresultsofthistask,aswellasofcognitivemeasures,allowforestimationofcognitiveeffortandoftherelationshipbetweenspeechrecognitionperformanceandcognitiveresources.Resultsindicateamildimprovementinspeechperceptionperformancefollowingtraining,andabsenceoflong-termretentionofbenefit.Olderlistenersdonotappeartobenefitasmuchasyoungerlistenersfromexposuretosystematicvariationinforeignaccentedspeech.Poster#52-(SPAD06)TheEffectsofPrimingonFalseHearingT35ResearchTraineePosterAngelaYung,BS;MitchellSommers,PhD,WashingtonUniversityInSt.Louis,St.Louis,MOThisstudyinvestigatedtheeffectsofprimingonperformanceandconfidencelevelsincasesoffalsehearing.Falsehearingoccurswhenanindividualreports‘sink’asthelastwordinthesentence“Theplumberfixedadrink”.Resultswerecomparedamongolderandyoungeradults.EachofthesubjectswerepresentedwiththreetypesofSPINsentences:lowpredictability(LP)sentences,highpredictability(HP)congruentsentences,andincongruentsentences.Thetaskwastorepeatthelastwordofeach

sentencethatwaspresentedinbackgroundnoise.SNRforthenoisewassenttoproduceapproximately50%correctforeachindividualinthebaselinecondition.Someoftheincongruentwordswereprimedwhileotherswerenot.Resultsshowednoimprovementoftheamountofhitswithprimingforbotholderandyoungeradults.However,therewasaneffectofprimingonthefalsealarmratesfortheincongruentsentences.Forbotholderandyoungeradults,therewasalowerfalsealarmratefortheprimedwordsthanforthenon-primedwordsintheincongruenttrials.Confidenceratingwasalsohigherforprimedwordsthannon-primedwordsfortheincongruenttrialsResultsarediscussedwithinadualbasisofrespondingframework.Poster#53-(SPAD07)ComparingBehavioralMeasuresofListeningEffortAcrosstheLifespanMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardKristiWard,BS;JingShen,PhD;PamelaSouza,PhD;TinaGrieco-Calub,PhD,NorthwesternUniversity,Evanston,ILListeningeffort(LE)referstotheallocationofcognitiveresourcesforspeechperception.BehavioralmethodscommonlyusedtoquantifyLEincludeverbalresponsetime(VRT)anddual-taskparadigms(DTP).Thepresentstudyaimedtoaddresstwoquestionsregardingthesemeasures:(1)whetherVRTandDTPsimilarlycapturechangesincognitiveresourceallocationduringeffortfullisteningand(2)howchangesincognitivefunctionacrossthelifespaninfluenceVRTandperformanceonDTP.Children(8-12years),youngadults(18-25years),andolderadults(55-82years)performedaDTPconsistingofaprimarydegradedspeechrecognitiontaskandasecondaryvisualmonitoringtaskinfournoise-bandvocodedconditions(i.e.,unprocessed,8-ch,6-ch,4-ch).LEwasquantifiedby(1)VRTduringthespeechrecognitiontaskwhenperformedinisolationand(2)changesinaccuracyandreactiontimeonthesecondarytaskwhenperformedinisolationversuswhenperformedsimultaneouslywiththeprimarytask.LE,asquantifiedwithVRTandsecondary-taskaccuracybutnotwithsecondary-taskreactiontime,increasedwithspectraldegradation:childrenandolderadultsexpendedmoreLEthanyoungadultsasthetaskbecamemoredifficult.ImplicationsofquantifyingLEacrossthelifespanusingVRTandDTPwillbediscussed.[SupportedbyNIH]Poster#54-(SPAD08)SoundQualityImpactstheSpeedandEffortofSentencePerceptionMatthewWinn,PhD,UniversityOfWashington,Seattle,WASpeechcommunicationinvolvesnotonlytherecognitionofwords,butalsoprocessingandpredictionresultingfromthosewords.Thisstudyexploredthequestionofwhetherpredictionguidedbysemanticcontextreducesphysiologicallisteningeffort,andwhetherthisprocessisasquickandeffectiveinpeoplewhousecochlearimplants(CIs).Totestthisresearchquestion,pupildilationwasusedasatime-varyingindexofeffortduringsentenceperceptionbyCIusersandlistenerswithnormalhearing.NHlistenersalsoheardspectrallydegradedvocodedversionsofthestimuli,whichconsistedofhigh-andlow-contextsentences.ForNHlisteners,contextresultedineffortreductionfornormalspeech;effortwasreducedimmediatelyduringstimulusperception.Fordegradedstimuli,thiseffectwasnotobserveduntilafterthestimuluswasover,suggestingthatlistenersnormallyprocessandtakebenefitfromcontextinrealtime,

butpoorsignalqualitydelaysthatprocess.ForCIlisteners,effortreductionfromcontextwasgenerallynotasearlyoraslargeasthatforNHlisteners.Theseeffectsallpersistedevenwhenintelligibilitywasperfect,suggestingthatwordandsentencerecognitionscorescouldmaskdifficultiesinfunctionallanguageuse,liketimingandpredictioninspeechcomprehension.Poster#55-(SPAD09)VocabularyFacilitatesSpeechPerceptioninChildrenwithHearingAidsT35ResearchTraineePosterKelseyKlein,BA;ElizabethWalker,PhD,UniversityOfIowa,IowaCity,IABenjaminKirby,PhD;MeredithSpratford,AuD;RyanMcCreery,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEWeexaminedthepotentialfacilitativeeffectofvocabularyonspeechperceptioninchildrenwhoarehardofhearing(CHH)andchildrenwithnormalhearing(CNH).Participantsincludedtwogroupsoffive-to12-year-olds:onegroupof25CNHandonegroupof24CHH.Groupswerematchedaccordingtoage,vocabulary,articulation,andvisuospatialworkingmemory.Theexperimentalspeechperceptiontaskincludedsixconditions:fourwordrecognitionconditionsvaryingonageofacquisitionandlexicalfrequency,andtwononwordrepetitionconditionsvaryingonphonotacticprobability.Participantsrepeatedeachmonosyllabicstimulusinthepresenceofvaryingnoiselevels.Performanceineachconditionwasmeasuredbythesignaltonoiseratioatwhichthechildcouldaccuratelyrepeat50%ofthestimuli(SNR-50).AmixedmodelshowedaninteractioneffectbetweenexpressivevocabularyandageofacquisitiononwordrecognitionSNR-50,indicatingthatvocabularywasmorefacilitativeofrecognitionoflate-acquiredwordsthanearly-acquiredwords.AidedaudibilityandamountofhearingaidusedidnothaveaneffectonSNR-50inCHH.FindingssuggestthatvocabularyfacilitatesspeechperceptionsimilarlyinbothCHHandCNH.Evenaftercontrollingforlanguageandworkingmemoryabilities,CHHshowedoverallpoorerspeechperceptionthanCNH.Poster#56-(SPAD10)ProsodicContrastforTargetWordsinChild-DirectedSpeechinNoiseT35ResearchTraineePosterJuliaGarrick,BS,UniversityOfCincinnatiDepartmentOfCommunicationSciencesAndDisorders,Cincinnati,OHChristineHammans;TimothyVallier,MA;NicholasSmith,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospitalPerceptualDevelopmentLaboratory,Omaha,NEBobMcmurray,PhD,UniversityofIowaDepartmentofPsychological&BrainSciences,IowaCity,IAMothersadapttheirspeechinseveralwayswhentalkingtoyoungchildren,anditisthoughtthattheseadaptationsmayservetoenhancespeechclarityandcontributetospeechandlanguagedevelopment.Thisstudyexaminedmothers’speechto3-to5-year-oldchildreninaninteractivespeechperceptiontask.Mothersinstructedchildrenoradultstofindpicturesoftargetwordsonatouchscreen(e.g.,“Findpig.”)Ouranalysisexaminesdifferencesinthesuprasegmentalproperties(i.e.,pitchandintensity)betweeninformativetargetwords(matchingthepicture)andredundantcarrierphrases(i.e.,“Find”).Ourresultsshowthatmothersdonotuniformlyenhancetheintensityandpitchpropertiesoftheirchild-

directedspeech,butrathertheyselectivelyincreasethelevelandvariabilityofthesepropertiesintargetwordsrelativetocarrierphrases.Thisincreasedprosodiccontrastmayreflectmothers’sensitivitytotheperceptualandcognitiveneedsoftheirchildren,asitmayhighlightimportantelementsintheirspeechtochildren.Poster#57-(SPAD11)VoiceEmotionRecognitionbyChildrenWithMildtoModerateHearingLossT35ResearchTraineePosterShauntelleCannon,BA,UniversityOfNorthCarolinaAtChapelHill,Carrboro,NCMonitaChatterjee,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEEmotioncommunicationisimportantinchildren’ssocialdevelopment.Here,westudiedvoiceemotionrecognitionbyschool-agedchildren(6-18yearsofage)withmildtomoderatehearingloss(MMHL)andwithnormalhearing(NH).AgroupofNHadultswasalsotested.Stimulicomprisedsentencesspokeninoneoffiveemotions(angry,happy,sad,neutralandscared),eitherinachild-directedorinanadult-directedmanner.WehypothesizedthatthechildrenwithMMHLwouldbecomparabletotheirNHpeerswhentestedwithchild-directedmaterialsbutwouldshowsignificantdeficitswhentestedwithadult-directedmaterials.Thetaskwasasingle-interval,five-alternativeforced-choiceparadigm,inwhichtheparticipantsheardeachsentenceinturnandindicatedwhichofthefiveemotionswasassociatedwiththatsentence.Resultsshowedsignificanteffectsofageandtestmaterials(betterperformancewithchild-directedmaterials).Contrarytoourhypothesis,nosignificantdifferenceswereobservedbetweenthetwogroupsofchildrenineitheremotionrecognition(percentcorrect)orinreactiontime,witheitherchild-oradult-directedmaterials.Alongsideage,vocabularywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofperformance.WeconcludethatchildrenwithMMHLdonothavesignificantdeficitsinvoiceemotionrecognitioncomparedtotheirNHpeers.Poster#58-(SPAD12)DoesSentencePredictabilityInfluenceWordIdentificationinSchool-AgeChildren?DavidKessler;ElizabethWalker,PhD,UniversityOfIowa,IowaCity,IAMeredithSpratford,AuD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospitalCenterforChildhoodDeafness,Omaha,NEJacobOleson,PhD,UniversityofIowa,Biostatistics,CollegeofPublicHealth,IowaCity,IARyanMcCreery,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEWecomparedperformancebetweenchildrenwhoarehardofhearing(CHH)andchildrenwithnormalhearing(CNH)onagatedspeechperceptiontask.41CHHand24CNH,infirstorthirdgrades,participated.Stimuliweresentenceswithhighandlowsemanticpredictabilitywiththegatedtargetwordpresentedattheendofeachsentence.Eachtargetwordwasgatedin50msincrementsstarting0msfromtheonsetoftheword.Percentageofgatesheardattheisolationpoint(firstcorrectresponse)andacceptancepoint(twosequentially-correctresponses)werecalculated.Analysisofvariancewasusedtoanalyzemaineffectsofage,sentencepredictability,andhearingstatus,aswellasinteractionsbetweenthesefactors.Regressionanalysiswasusedtodeterminehowspecificfactors(i.e.,aidedaudibility,vocabulary,grammar,andcomplexworkingmemory)influencedabilitytousesentence

predictabilitytofacilitatewordidentification.Itispredictedthat1)CNHwillrequirelessgatesthanCHHtoidentifytargetwords,2)CNHandCHHwillbenefitfromsemanticpredictabilitytoidentifytargetwords,and3)aidedaudibilitywillmoderatetherelationshipbetweencognitiveskillsandabilitytousesentencepredictabilitywhenidentifyingtargetwordsforCHH.WorksupportedbyNIDCD.PSYCHOACOUSTICSPoster#59-(PSY01)BehavioralandElectrophysiologicalMeasuresofPartiallyFilledGapDetectionPerformanceMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardJulianneM.Ceruti,PhD,UniversityOfConnecticut,Storrs,CTLeslieR.Bernstein,PhD,UniversityOfConnecticutHealthCenter,Farmington,CTFrankE.Musiek,PhD,UniversityofArizona,Tucson,AZObjective:Thepurposeofthisstudywastoevaluateanewclinicalassessmentoftemporalresolution,theDecrementinNoiseTest(DeNT).Thisclinically-orientedpartially-filledgapdetectionprocedurewascomparedtoa‘gold-standard’methodaswellasanelectrophysiologicalprocedure.Design:TheDeNTconsistedofdecrementsofvaryingdurationsanddepths(5depthsX10durationsX6repetitions)randomlyplacedwithin150noisetrials.Results&Discussion:TheDeNTwasadministeredto35normal-hearingfemalecollegestudents.Ittookapproximately20minutespereartoadminister.Usingahit-ratebasedthresholdcriterion,decrementdurationthresholdswere5.8ms,6.6msand10.6msfor100%,75%and50%decrements,respectively.Thresholdsderivedusingd-werereducedbyhalfrelativetothosederivedfromhit-ratealone.Thissuggeststhatmeasuresbasedonhit-rate(withoutconsiderationoffalsealarmrate)cannotdiscriminatedifferencesinsensitivityfrombias.ElectrophysiologicalgapdetectiondemonstratedatrendofincreasedN1-P2amplitudeandasignificantlylargersignal-to-noiseratioasthedecrementmagnitudeisincreased.Conclusions:TheDeNTprocedurecanbeusedtoevaluatetemporalresolution.FuturestudieswillevaluatethevalidityandthesensitivityoftheDeNTtolesionsofthecentralauditorynervoussystem.Poster#60-(PSY02)EffectofAmplificationontheContributionofSpecificFrequencyBandstoLoudnessMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardKatieThrailkill,BS,UniversityOfNebraska-lincoln,Lincoln,NEMarcBrennan,PhD;WaltJesteadt,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEThisexperimentaimedtoquantifytheeffectsofhearingaidamplificationonthecontributionofdifferentfrequencybandstoloudnessperception.Eightsubjectswithsensorineuralhearinglosscompletedatwo-intervalloudnessjudgementtaskinaidedandunaidedconditions.Duringatrial,twostimulicomposedofsevennoisebandswererandomlypickedfromalistcontaining500uniquefilesandpresentedinsuccession.Subjectswereaskedtopickthelouderofthetwonoises.Thestimuliwerecreatedbyrandomlyrovingthelevelofeachofthesevenbandsplusorminus6dBfromabaselevelof51dBSPL.TheaidedstimuliwerecreatedonanindividualsubjectbasisbyprocessingtheoriginalstimulithroughacomputerprogramdesignedtoamplifysignalsaccordingtoDSL5.0adultprescriptiontargets.Multiple

regressionanalysiswasusedtoobtainperceptualweights,ameasureindicatingtherelativecontributionofindividualfrequencybandstooverallloudness.Resultsindicatedasubstantialdifferenceinperceptualweightsbetweentheaidedandunaidedconditions.Specifically,amplificationcausedarelativeincreaseinthecontributionofhighfrequencybandstoloudness,butasignificantdecreaseinthecontributionoflowfrequencybandstoloudness.[WorksupportedbyNIH]Poster#61-(PSY03)TheChase:PerceptionofAnimacyintheHearingRealmT35ResearchTraineePosterMiriamGlicksberg,BA;DanielAshmead,PhD,VanderbiltUniversity,Nashville,TNTheperceptionofanimacybasedonthemotionpathsofmultipleobjectshasbeenstudiedinvision,withlinkstothesocialpsychologyofattributions.Thepresentstudyinvestigatedauditoryperceptionofchasing.Motionpathsoftwodistinctsounds,falconandcicada,weresimulatedinananechoicchamber.Trialscontainedtwointervals,onewithafalcon-cicadachaseandtheotherwithuncorrelatedmotionoffalconandcicada,andthelistenerindicatedwhichcontainedchasing.Experiment1exploredtheeffectoflagtimeatwhichthechasertrackedthetarget(0or1s).Experiment2controlledforaconfoundbyeliminatingrelativeproximityofsoundsourcesattheendpointsasacue.InExperiment1,thresholdforchaseeventscorrespondedto"loose"chasing,suggestingthatauditoryperceptionofchasingisrobust.Performancewassignificantlybetterwithachasetimelagof0s,indicatingthatmotionpathsarebestcomparedwithinashorttime.Experiment2showedthatperformancewassignificantlybetterwhenendpointproximitywasanavailablecue,butthatthetaskcouldbeperformedwellevenwhen"puremotion"wastheonlycue.ThisstudywassupportedbyanNIHNIDCDT35DC008763ShortTermResearchTraineeship.Poster#62-(PSY04)EvaluationoftheHypersound®AudioSysteminanAnechoicEnvironmentShaumBhagat,PhD,SchoolOfCommunicationSciencesAndDisorders,Memphis,TNBrianTaylor,AuD,SeniorDirector,ClinicalAffairs,TurtleBeachCorporation,SanDiego,CATheHypersound®audiosystemusesultrasonictechnologytocreatesoundintheair.Unlikeconventionalaudiospeakers,whichcreateaudioatthesurfaceofaloudspeaker,Hypersound®transmitsanarrowbeamofsound,whichfocusestheincidentsoundwavesinadirectpathtothelistener.Recently,Hypersound®becamecommerciallyavailableasahomeaudiodeviceforindividualswithhearingloss.Inthisstudy,theHypersound®emitterswereevaluatedinananechoicchamber.SubjectswereplacedinpositionsinthepathoftheHypersound®narrowbeamandjustoutsidethepathofthenarrowbeam.AspeechsamplewasprojectedfromtheHypersound®emitterstothelocationofthesubjects.Comparisonsofear-levelprobemicrophonemeasurementsinsubjectsplacedatthevariouspositionsweremade.Theresultsofthisstudyprovidedforthequantificationofsoundlevelsattheearforsubjectspositionedinsideandoutsideofthebeam.Thefindingsofthisstudy,includingtheimplicationsforspeechintelligibility,willbediscussed.Poster#63-(PSY05)

Amplitude-ModulatedForwardMaskinginListenerswithNormalandImpairedHearingAdamSvec,PhD,StarkeyHearingTechnologies,EdenPrairie,MNMagdalenaWojtczak,PhD;PeggyNelson,PhD,UniversityOfMinnesota,Minneapolis,MNInapreviousstudy(Svecetal.,2015b),excessforwardmaskingduetoinherentmaskerenvelopefluctuationswaslargerforlistenerswithhearingloss(HI)thanforthosewithnormalhearing(NH)atlongmasker-probedelays,suggestingthemaskingeffectsfrominherentenvelopefluctuationspersisttoagreaterdegreeanddurationinregionsofhearingloss.Amplitude-modulated(AM)forwardmaskingmaybecontributingtotheobserveddifferencesbetweenforwardmaskerswithmaximalorminimalenvelopefluctuations.Forthisreason,thecurrentstudymeasuredAMforwardmaskingforNHandHIlistenersat4000and1000Hz,usingcontinuousandnon-continuous(gated)maskerandsignalcarriers.Alow-fluctuationnoise(LFN;HartmannandPumplin,1988)carrierwasusedforthe‘continuouscarrier’conditions,andanunmodulatedLFNmasker,Gaussiannoise(GN)masker,andanAMLFNmaskerwereincludedforthegated-carrierconditions.Inlinewithpredictions,anunmodulatedGNmaskeryieldedmoremaskingthananunmodulatedLFN,suggestingthatinherentmaskerenvelopefluctuationscontributedtoAMforwardmaskingforbothlistenergroups.Contrarytopredictions,therewerenodifferencesforAMforwardmaskedthresholdsbetweenNHandHIlisteners,suggestinglittleeffectofhearinglossonrecoveryfromAMforwardmasking.Poster#64-(PSY06)SourcesofDiscrepancyBetweenLoudnessPerceptionandModelPredictionsTzu-LingJYu,MS;RobertSSchlauch,PhD;HeekyungJHan,MS;EdwardCarney,PhD,DepartmentOfSpeech-language-hearingSciences,UniversityOfMinnesota,Minneapolis,MNSchlauchetal.(2014)foundthatastaticmodelofloudnessoverestimatespure-tone-average/spondee-thresholddifferencesinfunctionalhearingloss.Toexplorethisdiscrepancy,loudnesswasmeasuredunderearphonesandinafreefieldforstimulichosentorevealpossiblemechanismscontributingtothestaticmodel’sover-prediction.Comparedtoastaticmodelofloudness(ANSIS3.4,2007),atime-varyingmodel(GlasbergandMoore,2002)forearphonestimuliproducedmoreaccurateestimationforspondeesbutstillover-predictedloudnessdifferencesbetweentonesandtheotherstimuli-speech-shapednoise,sustainedvowels,andspondees.Toeliminatepossibleconfoundsfromheadphonefrequencyresponsecorrectionsanddynamicvariationsinamodel’spredictions,magnitudeestimationsofsustainedspeech-shapednoiseand1.0kHztonesweremeasuredinafreefield.Thetwomodelsevaluatedinthisstudystilloverestimatedloudnessdifferences.Thesefindingssuggestthatcurrentmodels(Glasberg&Moore,2002;ISO532-1,2011)overestimateloudnesssummationofwidebandsounds.Poster#65-(PSY07)ContributionsofFrequencyBandstotheLoudnessofBroadbandTonalandNoiseStimuliWaltJesteadt,PhD;KatyarinaBrunette,PhD;OluwaseyeOgun,MD;MarcinWroblewski,AuD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NE

Contributionsofindividualfrequencybandstojudgmentsoftotalloudnesscanbeassessedbyvaryingthelevelofeachbandindependentlyfromonepresentationtothenextanddeterminingtherelationbetweenthechangeinlevelofeachbandandtheloudnessjudgment.Inapreviousstudy,measuresofperceptualweightobtainedinthiswayfornoisestimuliconsistingof15bands,eachtwocriticalbandswide,showedgreaterweightassociatedwiththehighestandlowestbandsthanloudnessmodelswouldpredict.Thiswastrueevenfornoisewiththelong-termaveragespeechspectrum,wherethehighestbandcontainedlittleenergy.Oneexplanationisthatlistenerswerebasingdecisionsonsomeattributeotherthanloudness.Thecurrentstudyreplicatedearlierresultsfornoisestimuliandincludedconditionsusingtoneslocatedatthecenterfrequenciesofthenoisebands.Althoughthetwotypesofstimulisoundverydifferent,thepatternsofperceptualweightarenearlyidentical,suggestingthatbothsetsofresultsarebasedonloudnessjudgmentsandthattheedgebandsplayanimportantroleinthosejudgments.[WorksupportedbyNIH].TINNITUSPoster#66-(TIN01)DevelopinganAudiologist-DeliveredPsychologicalInterventionforPeoplewithTinnitusMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardDeanMThompson;DeborahAHall,PhD;DerekJHoare,PhD,NationalInstituteForHealthResearchNottinghamHearingBiomedicalResearchUnit,NottinghamDawn-MarieWalker,PhD,UniversityofSouthampton,SouthamptonTinnitusisassociatedwithdepressionandanxietydisordersandpsychologicaltherapieshavebeentestedresultinginaconvincinglevelofevidence,enoughtowarrantitsrecommendationforuseinpracticeintheUKandtheUS.Howeverthisevidencerelatestopsychologicaltherapiesdeliveredbypsychologistsandpsychiatrists.IntheUK,audiologistsplayamajorityroleinsupportingtinnituspatients,butthetherapeuticapproachdiffersbetweenaudiologists.Ideallythemostimportantcomponentsofaudiologist-deliveredpsychologicaltherapyshouldbemanualisedtostandardisecare.Todothatwemustfirstmapwhatthoseelementsmightbe,asking“whatisknownfromtheliteratureabouttheidentityofcomponentsofpsychologicaltherapiesfortinnitus”?Ascopingreviewwasconductedtomapthesecomponents.Sixty-fourrecordswereretainedfordataextraction.Twenty-fivethemesoftherapycomponentswerederivedfrom1085individualcomponents.ComponentswerepredominantlyextractedfromCognitiveBehaviouralTherapy,AcceptanceandCommitmentTherapy,Mindfulnessandeducationalcounselling,thoughasmallergroupwastakenfromGestaltTherapyandExistentialTherapy.FurtherresearchwillinvolvepatientsandcliniciansusingtheDelphimethodologytodetermineaconsensusonwhatshouldbeincludedasessentialelementsofaudiologist-deliveredpsychologicaltherapyfortinnitus.Poster#67-(TIN02)AssessingtheImpactofSoundSensitivityinTinnitusMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardBenjaminGreenberg,MA,AmericanSchoolOfProfessionalPsychologyAtArgosyUniversity,SanFranciscoBayArea,Orinda,CA

BongWalsh,PhD;MeganCarlos,PhD,AmericanSchoolOfProfessionalPsychologyAtArgosyUniversity,SanFranciscoBayArea,Alameda,CADespitemanyrecentadvancesinunderstandingmechanismsoftinnitusandhyperacusisasindividualdisorders,greaterclarificationconcerninghowtinnitusandheightenedsoundsensitivitymayinteractisstillneeded.Althoughtheliteratureacknowledgesfrequentcomorbidityofsubjectivetinnitusandincreasedsoundsensitivityaspotentiallymoredevastatingthaneitherconditionalone,littleacknowledgementisgiventonegativeeffectsofenvironmentalsoundstimulionsubjectivetinnitus,thusrepresentingagapinunderstandinghowtinnitusandhyperacusisinteract.Therefore,theobjectiveofthisstudywastodevelopapsychometricallyreliablescalethatmeasuresthesubjectivenegativeimpactofexposuretoloudsoundsintinnituspatients.Asecondaryobjectiveofthisstudywastofurtherclarifypsychologicalfactorssuchasdepressionandanxietythatpertaintocasesofheightenedsound-sensitivityintinnitus.Accordingly,theSoundSensitiveTinnitusIndex(SSTI)wascreatedtoassessforchallengesassociatedwithexposuretonoiseincludingpsychosocialimpact,andmaypotentiallyindicateasubtypeofsoundsensitivetinnitusthathasnotyetbeenoperationallydefined.Preliminarydatasuggeststhatexposuretosoundconsideredevenmoderatelyloudcanhavenegativeexacerbatingeffectsontinnitus,thusinferringtheSSTItobeapotentiallyimportantassessmenttooltoresearchersandcliniciansalike.Poster#68-(TIN03)EconomicAnalysesofaTinnitusManagementClinicCraigNewman,PhD;SharonSandridge,PhD,ClevelandClinicHead&NeckInstitute,Cleveland,OHRationaleandAims:TheTinnitusManagementClinic(TMC)attheClevelandClinicoffersanefficientmethodforprovidingpatientsinformationalcounselingandcopingstrategiesinagroupformat.Giventhepracticalbenefitsofa‘sharedmedicalappointment,’thecost-effectivenessoftheTMCremainsunclear.ThisstudyevaluatedtheeconomicvalueoftheTMCby:(1)applyingacost-utilityanalysis(CUA);and(2)determiningwillingness-to-pay(WTP)forattendees.Methods:Fifty-twopatientscompletingtheTinnitusHandicapInventory(THI)beforeandafterTMC(withoutinterveningtreatment)participated.CUAprovidesacommonunit(costperQualityAdjustedLifeYears,QALY)forcomparisonsamonginterventions.Foreachpatient,QALYgainedwascalculatedbasedon:costoftreatment,lifeexpectancy,andTHIbenefitscore.WTPwasbasedonthepatient’sknowledgethatthecostofattendingtheTMCwas$300.Results:ThemeanTMCcostwas$3.16perQALYgained.Thesedatawillbecomparedagainstotheraudiologic/otologicinterventions(e.g.,soundtherapy;cochlearimplantation;hearingaidrehabilitationprograms).Onaverage,WTPforthosepatientsattendingtheTMCwas$287.00.Conclusions:BasedontheoutcomeoftheCUAandWTPanalyses,theTMCprovidesacost-effectiveapproachasaninitialstepintheoverallmanagementoftinnitus.Poster#69-(TIN04)SystematicReviewofOutcomesinTinnitusTrials:COSTActionBM1306DeanMThompson;DeborahAHall,PhD,NationalInstituteForHealthResearchNottinghamHearingBiomedicalResearchUnit,Nottingham,NA

Becausetinnitusisasubjectivecondition,thedefinitionofoutcomesischallenginganditremainsunclearwhichdistinctaspectsoftinnitus(‘domains’)aremostrelevantforassessment.Thissystematicreviewwillcontributetothedevelopmentofacoredomainsetforfuturecontrolledtrialsontinnitustreatmenteffectivenessusingquantitativedatacollectedfromongoingregisteredorpublishedtrialssince2006.Electronicandmanualsearchofresearchdatabasesandregisteredclinicaltrialsidentified2129records.Only228recordsmeteligibilityforinclusion.Datasynthesisisongoing,butinterestingobservationsare:(1)mostlytrialsevaluatedpharmacotherapy,electrophysiology,soundtherapyandpsychologicaltherapyinapproximatelyequalmeasure;(2)atleasthalfofallstudiesstatedonlyoneprimaryoutcomebut>10%oftrialshadfiveormoreprimaryoutcomes;(3)about1/4ofstudiesdidnotreportwhattheywereinterestedinassessing(e.g.,tinnitusloudness);(4)about1/3ofstudiesusedanoverarchingdescription(e.g.,handicap,distress,severity),whicharenotinformativeabouttheconstructofinterest.Thefindingsfromthisreviewwillbethefirststeptowardsachievingaminimumoutcomereportingstandardfortinnitusthathasbeenreachedviaamethodologicallyrigorousandtransparentprocess.Poster#70-(TIN05)WhyisTinnitusaProblem?AQualitativeAnalysisofProblemsReportedbyTinnitusPatientsDerekHoare,PhD;EmilyWatts;KathrynFackrell;SandraSmith,UniversityOfNottingham,NottinghamJacquelineSheldrake,TinnitusandHyperacusisCentre,LondonTinnitusisprevalentandindividualsoftenexperienceawiderangeofassociatedproblems.However,todateonlytwostudieshaveevaluatedwhytinnitusisaproblem,indifferentpopulations,andwithrelativelymodestsamplesizes.Inordertoreplicatethisworkinalargersample,weperformedaretrospectiveanalysisofanonymisedclinicaldatafrom988patientswhoattendedasingletinnitustreatmentcentreintheUK.Theprimaryaimwastoidentifythedomainsoftinnitusproblemaccordingtothislargepatientpopulation,andsecondlytoexaminetherelevanceoftheTFIasaclinicalmeasureagainstthosedomains.Weidentified21distinctdomainsoftinnitusproblem.Tinnitus-relatedfearwasnotablycommon.ManyindividualTFIitemscouldbemappedasrelevanttotheproblemdomainsidentified.ThisworkwillinformacoreoutcomesetfortinnitusresearchcurrentlyunderdevelopmentinEurope,andthedevelopmentofanyfuturetinnitusquestionnaires.Poster#71-(TIN06)PsychometricPropertiesoftheTinnitusFunctionalIndex(TFI):AssessmentinaUKResearchVolunteerPopulationDerekHoare,PhD;KathrynFackrell;DeborahHall,UniversityOfNottingham,NottinghamJohannaBarry,MRCInstituteofHearingResearch,NottinghamQuestionnairesareessentialformeasuringtinnitusseverityandintervention-relatedchangebutthereisnostandardinstrumentusedroutinelyinresearchsettings.Guidedbyqualitycriteriaforthemeasurementpropertiesofhealth-relatedquestionnaires,thisstudyinvolvedaretrospectiveanalysisofTinnitusFunctionalIndex(TFI)andotherquestionnairedatacollectedfor294membersofthegeneralpublicbeingscreenedforaclinicaltrial.Analysesshowedthe8-factorstructurewasacceptableforthisgeneral(non-clinical)population;howeverthe‘auditory’factorshowedpoorloadingwiththehigherorderfactor‘functionalimpactoftinnitus’.TheTFIhadhighinternalconsistency(?=0.80),extremely

highreliability(ICC:0.86),whilstagreementwasborderlineacceptable(93%).ConstructvaliditywasdemonstratedbyhighcorrelationsbetweenscoresontheTFIandothertinnitusquestionnaires(r=0.82),andmoderatecorrelationswithsingleitemloudness(r=0.46),annoyance(r=0.58),orqualityoflifescales(r=-0.48),anddepressionandanxietyquestionnairescores(r=0.57and0.38respectively).Flooreffectswereobservedformorethan50%oftheTFIitems.Asmallestdetectablechangescoreof22.4wasestimatedforthispopulation.Furtherinvestigationisneededtodeterminewhethertheseestimatesarerelevantinotherpopulations.VESTIBULARPoster#72-(VEST01)EffectsofInitialHeadPositionandEyeMovementDirectiononvHITGaininPatientswithUnilateralVestibularDysfunctionT35ResearchTraineePosterJoelGoebel,MD;CharlotteDutcher;BelindaSinks,AuD;AllisonSargent,WashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicine,SaintLouis,MOThisstudyexaminedtheeyevelocityvsheadvelocitygainandpositiongainduringthecenter-to-sidehead-turnprocedureaswellastheside-to-centerprocedureduringhorizontalvestibularheadimpulsetesting(vHIT).Theside-to-centerproceduremaybemorecomfortableforthepatientbecausethereisaknownstoppingposition.Subjectswithnormalvestibularfunctioningandvestibulardysfunctionweretested.Infraredcameraswereusedtomeasureeyevelocityvsheadvelocityandpositiongainduringhighvelocityheadthrusts.Nosignificantdifferencesingainwerefoundusingtheside-to-centerprocedureincomparisontothecenter-to-sideprocedureineitherthenormalpopulationorthevestibulardysfunctionpopulation.Aninterestingdifferencewasdiscoveredbetweentheabductingandadductingeyes.Theadductingeyehadahighergainthantheabductingeyeinbothnormalsubjectsandthosewithvestibulardysfunction.Thedifferenceingainvaluesobtainedinabductingandadductingeyesmaymakeitmoreclinicallyaccuratetouseatwocamerasystemasopposedtoaonecamerasystem.Poster#73-(VEST02)PerceptionofVertigo:QuantitativeMeasurementwith/withoutGalvanicVestibularStimulationGauravPradhan,PhD;SamanthaKleindienst,PhD;JamieBogle,PhD;MichaelCevette,PhD;JanStepanek,MD,MayoClinicArizona,Scottsdale,AZGalvanicvestibularstimulation(GVS)isasimplemethodforelicitingvestibularreflexesthroughnon-invasivetranscutaneouselectricalstimulation.StudieshavedemonstratedthecapabilityofGVStoinfluencebalancestabilityandprovidefavorablesuppressionofacutevestibularsymptoms.WhilethediagnosticandrehabilitativeapplicationsofGVSarebroad,methodsforquantifyinganindividual’sperceptionofGVSandvertigoarelimited.Thepurposeofthisstudywas:(1)toevaluatetheeffectofGVSonnystagmussuppressionduringcaloricstimulation,and(2)toquantifysubjectiveperceptionofmotionusinganovelavatarsoftwareapplication.TwentyhealthyadultparticipantscompletedwatercaloricirrigationswithandwithoutGVSsuppression.Analysisdemonstratednosignificantdifferenceincaloricpeakslowphasevelocitybetweenconditions.However,therewasasignificantreductioninthedurationofperceivedmotionwithGVScomparedtowithoutGVS(F(1,19)=7.5,p=0.01).Yawwasthedominant

dimensionofmotionandwhilenotsignificant,therewasanoverall32%reductionintheaverageyawvelocityperception.PreliminaryresultssuggestpromisefortheuseofGVSinthemitigationofvestibularsymptoms.Further,theabilitytoobjectivelyquantifytheperceptionofvestibularmotionmayplayanimportantclinicalrolebyquantifyingsymptomsofpatientswithvertigo.Poster#74-(VEST03)HearingLossandFearofFallinginOlderAdultsAdeleGoman,PhD;JenniferDeal,PhD;JudithKasper,PhD;FrankLin,MD,JohnsHopkinsUniversity,Baltimore,MDFallsandfearoffallingaremajorpublichealthissues.Thisprojectinvestigatedtheassociationbetweenself-reportedhearingdifficultyandfalls,fearoffalling,andactivityrestrictionduetofearoffalling,amongolderadults.DatafromroundoneoftheNationalHealthandAgingTrendsStudywereanalyzed.6840adultsover65yearsofagewerecategorizedashaving‘hearingdifficulty’or‘nohearingdifficulty’basedonself-reporttofunctionalhearingquestions.Outcomevariablesconsistedofwhethertheparticipanthadfalleninthepastyear(yes/no),whethertheyhadworriedaboutfallinginthepastmonth(yes/no)andwhethertheirworryaboutfallinghadlimitedtheiractivities(yes/no).Logisticregressionmodelswereadjustedfordemographiccharacteristics,cardiovascularriskfactors,andbalancefunction.Infullyadjustedmodels,self-reportedhearingdifficultywasnotsignificantlyassociatedwithreportedfalls.However,self-reportedhearingdifficultywassignificantlyassociatedwitha44%increasedoddsoffearoffallinganda63%increasedoddsofactivityrestrictionduetobeingworriedaboutfalling.Furtherresearchisneededtoassesswhetherhearingrehabilitativetreatmentcanamelioratefearoffallingandresultingactivityrestrictionamongolderadultswithhearingdifficulty.Poster#75-(VEST04)ClinicalEffectivenessoftheEpleyOmniaxforTreatmentofBPPVDaveHarris,PhD;KathrynPhillippe;MelissaLowe,AuD;SarahKeenan-Meyer;AnthonyMikulec,MD,SaintLouisUniversitySchoolOfMedicine,St.Louis,MOBenignparoxysmalpositionalvertigo(BPPV)isthemostcommoncauseofotologicdizziness.ManualrepositioningmaneuvershavebeenfoundtobehighlyeffectivefortreatmentofBPPV.Repositioningchairshavealsobeenfoundtobejustas,orevenmoreeffectiveintreatmentofBPPV.243patientswerereferredforassessmentandtreatmentofBPPVwiththeEpleyOmniax.Of243patients,235werediagnosedwithBPPVwithapositiveDix-Hallpikeand/orrolltest.180(76.6%)patientswithBPPVrequiredonlyonetreatmentsessionforresolutionofpositionalnystagmusandvertigosymptoms.42(17.8%)patientsrequired2sessionsintherepositioningchair,and13(0.06%)patientsrequired3ormoresessions.OurclinicaldatacorroboratespreviousfindingssuggestingtheEpleyOmniaxisaneffectivetreatmentoptionforBPPV.Whilethemanualrepositioningmaneuversarealsohighlyeffective,theEpleyOmniaxsystemprovidesadvantagesovermanualmaneuverssuchasunlimited360degreepatientmovement,safemaneuverabilitywithpatientswithlimitedrangeofmotion,alongwithaccurateconstantelectronicnystagmicrecording.

Poster#76-(VEST05)VestibularConsequencesofMildTraumaticBrainInjuryandBlastExposureFaithAkin,PhD;OwenMurnane,PhD;CourtneyHall,PhD;JenniferSears,AuD;KristalRiska,PhD;RichardAtlee,MountainHomeVAMedicalC,MountainHome,TNSymptomsofdizzinessandimbalancearecommonsequelaefollowingconcussionandblastexposuresthatresultinmildtraumaticbraininjury(mTBI),andthesesymptomsoftenlastsixmonthsorlonger.Moststudiesexaminingtheeffectofvestibulardysfunctiononposturalstabilityhaveusedsymptomscalesortestsofvestibulo-ocularreflex(VOR)thatmeasurehorizontalsemicircularcanal(hSCC)functiononly.Vestibularloss,however,canoccurinoneorbothlabyrinths,inoneorbothbranchesofthevestibularnerve,andinoneormorevestibularsensoryend-organs.Aprospectivecase-controlleddesignwasusedtodeterminetheeffectofmTBIandblastexposureonperipheralvestibularsystemfunction,posturalstability,andgait.MANOVAsrevealedsignificantdifferencesbetweenthecontrolandmTBIandblastgroupsforcervicalvestibularevokedmyogenicpotentials,sensoryorganizationtest,anddynamicgaitindex.ThesefindingssuggestthatmTBIandblastaffecttheotolithorgans,posturalstability,andgait.Thefrequencyoftestabnormalitiesrangedfrom22to71%withthemostfrequentabnormalitiesoccurringontestsofbalanceandgaitfunction.Vestibulartestabnormalitiesoccurredin48%ofindividualswithmTBIand/orblastexposure.Specifically,abnormalitiesoccurredmoreoftenintestsofotolithorganfunctionthanhSCCfunction.Poster#77-(VEST06)GaitVariationsinRelationtoHearingAshleyM.Deeb,AuD;KennethR.Bouchard,PhD,HenryFordMedicalGroup,Detroit,MIJacklynTheis,AuD,AdvancedAudiology,Dewitt,MIFallsaretheleadingcauseofinjuriesinolderadultsandtypicallyoccurduringambulation.Thepurposeofthisstudywastounderstandtheimpactofhearingloss,assimulatedbymaskingnoise,ongaitperformance.Cadence,velocity,stridelength,anddoublesupportastheyrelatetothepresence,type,andintensityofmaskingnoisetosimulatelossofauditorycueswereevaluated.Gaitmeasuresoffifteennormalgaitandhearingparticipantswereassessedunderpresentationofmulti-talkerbabbleandwhitenoisestimuliofvaryingintensitiesversusnoacousticstimuli.TheGAITRitesystemwasusedtoobtaintargetedspatialandtemporalgaitmeasures.Participantsservedastheirowncontrol.Resultsshowedthatindividualstendedtohaveafastergaitwithpresenceofloudernoise.Velocityandstridelengthwereincreasedwhenmaskerincreasedto80dBforbothmulti-talkerbabbleandwhitenoise.Cadencewasincreasedfor80dBformulti-talkerbabble.Ourdataareofthefirstdocumentedtoencompassmultiplegaitparametersversusjustlookingatgaitspeed(velocity)andofferawindowtoansweringanumberofquestionsthathaven’tyetbeenaddressedintheliteraturethatcouldpotentiallyleadtoimprovedoutcomesinhearinglosspatients.HEARINGHEALTHPoster#78-(HH01)

BarriersandFacilitatorsforSeekingHearingHealthcare:AFour-CountryPerspectiveMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardCornettaMosley,BA;CBaylor,PhD;KathrynYorkston,PhD;KellyTremblay,PhD,UniversityOfWashington,Seattle,WAKathleenPichora-Fuller,PhD,UniversityofToronto,Mississauga,OntarioCatherineMcmahon,PhD,MacquarieUniversity,NorthRyde,NewSouthWalesAdrianDavis,PhD,PublicHealthEngland,LondonItisawell-knownfactthatalargeproportionofolderadultswhohavehearingimpairmentdonotseekhearinghealthcareservices.ThepresentstudyexploredthebarrierstoandfacilitatorsforseekinghearinghealthcareinolderadultsinfourEnglish-speaking,developedcountries.FocusgroupsofolderadultsrecruitedfromthecommunitywereconductedinAustralia,Canada,theUnitedKingdom(UK),andtheUnitedStates(US)togaininsightsintoparticipants’experienceswithhearinglossandthehearinghealthcaresystem.Despitedifferencesinhealthcaresystemsacrosscountries,keybarriers(e.g.,costandstigma)andfacilitators(e.g.,familysupportandtrustinproviders)wereconsistent.Subtledifferencesemergedinthediscussionoftrustinghearinghealthcareprofessionalsinthecontextofthedifferenthealthcaresystems.Thesefindingssuggestthatmanyaspectsofhearinghealthcare-seekingbehaviorsforolderadultswithhearinglossareuniversalacrosshealthcaresystemsdespitedifferencesinfundingmodelsforhearinghealthcare.Poster#79-(HH02)HearingLoss,PhysicalHealthandCognitioninRuralAlabamaMarciaHay-McCutcheon,PhD;AdrianaHyams,MA;BriannaPanasiuk,MS;SarahOndocsin,MS,TheUniversityOfAlabama,Tuscaloosa,ALAccordingtoUSCensusdata,theagingpopulationinAlabamaisincreasing.Additionally,acrossthenationthestateranks42ndinpovertylevels.Therecouldbe,therefore,alargepercentageofindividualslivinginAlabamawhohavehearinglossesandhavenoorfewresourcestoaddressthem.Themaingoalofthisstudywastoexaminetheextenttowhichphysicalhealth,emotionalissuesandcognitionwereassociatedwithhearinglossforpeoplelivinginruralAlabama.Twohundredandninety-sevenadultsaged19yearsofageorolderlivinginWestCentralAlabamacompletedtesting.Pure-tonethresholdswereobtainedat250Hz,500Hz,1000Hz,2000Hz,and4000Hz.Additionally,theContinuousVisualMemoryTest(CVMT),theSF-36HealthSurveyandtheCharlsonComorbidityIndexwereadministered.Outcomesrevealedthathearinglosswasassociatedwithphysicalhealthandonemeasureofcognition,theabilitytorecognizefamiliardesignsfromtheCVMTtestaftera30-minutedelay.Thispreliminarystudyisthefirstinaseriesofstudiesthatwillbeconductedtohelpusunderstandhowcognitive,physicalandemotionalissuesareassociatedwithhearinghealthinadultslivinginruralAlabama.Poster#80-(HH03)DemographicsofAudiologicCareProvidedbyArizonaSonoraBordersProjectPageBeukelman,BS;KylieJordan;NicoleDenny,BA,UniversityOfArizona,Tucson,AZPabloValenzuela,ARSOBOJamesDean,AuD,UniversityofArizonaandTucsonMedicalCenter,Tucson,AZ

Toreducehearinghealth-caredisparitiesexperiencedbyunderservedpopulationsinNogales,Mexico,theArizonaSonoraBorders(ARSOBO)projectprovideslow-costhearingassistivedevicestoindividualswithhearingimpairment.Sinceinception,thisinnovativeintegratedserviceprogramhasprovidedaudiologiccareforover150childrenandadults.Thisposter’spurposeistodescribetheservicedeliverymodel,challengesfacedanddecisionmatricesutilizedinprovidinghearing-healthservices.Ademographicsummarydescribingtheunderservedpopulationsidentifiedandtreatedisincluded.Poster#81-(HH04)HearingLossManagementinaRuralCommunity:BarriersandFacilitatorsAdrianaSanchez,BS;NicoleMarrone,PhD;MaiaIngram;JillDeZapien;DaiseySanchez;FrancesHarris,PhD;SoniaColina,PhD,Speech,Language,AndHearingSciences,UniversityOfArizona,Tucson,AZRosiePiper,MariposaHealthClinic,Nogales,AZThisstudywasconductedtoidentifypatient-centeredfactorsunderlyingbarriersinaccesstocareandself-managementofhearinglosswithinthelow-resource,ruralU.S.-Mexicobordercommunity.Theresearchteamprovidedfreehearingscreeningstoidentifycommunitymemberswithhearinglossthatwerenotcurrentlyservedbythehealthsystem.Thestudyincludedcommunityhearingscreenings,communityfocusgroups,interviewswithpeoplewithhearingloss,focusgroupswiththeirfamilymembers,andinterviewswithhealthcareprovidersservingthecommunity.Thedataweretranscribed,coded,andanalyzedusingtheHealthBeliefModel.Overallinterestacrossthecommunityinresponsetothecommunityhealthworkers’invitationtothecommunityscreeningandgroupinterviewswasthefirstindicationoftheimportanceofhearinglosstothecommunity.ParticipantsidentifiedseverityandbarrierstoactionasthemostsalientHealthBeliefModelconstructsrelatedtotheexperienceofhearingloss.Thedevastatingemotionalimpactoflivingwithunmanagedhearinglossreflectedtheperceivedseverityandbarrierstohelp-seekingandcreatedclearopportunitiestoemphasizeinthedevelopmentofacommunity-basedintervention.Wealsoidentifiedspecificculturalinfluences,resources,andcuestoactionthatcouldsupportanintervention.[ResearchsupportedbyNIH/NIDCD.]Poster#82-(HH05)ANewOnlineQuestionnaireforAssessingSpatial-hearingAbilityAdrianaGoyette,AuD;ChristopheMicheyl,PhD;SridharKalluri,PhD,Starkey,EdenPrairie,MNThisstudydescribesthedesignandvalidationofanewonlineinventorydesignedtoassessspatial-hearingability.TheInventoryofSpatialHearingAbilities(ISHA)facilitatesexperientialrecallbyincludingimagesrelatedtothesituationsdepictedinthequestionsandthroughtheuseofecologicallyvalidsituations.Todesign,analyze,andvalidatetheISHAweusedtheprobabilistic(Bayesian)ItemResponseTheory(IRT)model.OurapproachtoestablishingtheconstructvalidityoftheISHAwastestingforcorrelationsinscoresacrossthisinventoryandthespatialsubscaleoftheSSQ(GatehouseandNoble,2004).76subjectsparticipatedinthisstudy,includingindividualswithnormalhearing,unilateral,asymmetric,orsymmetrichearingloss,hearing-aidwearersandnon-wearers.DataanalysesusingtheIRTmodelshowed:(a)statisticallysignificantcorrelationsbetweenspatial-hearingabilitiesinferredacrossthetwoquestionnaires,evenaftertakingintoaccountthelimitedprecisionofinferencesatthe

individuallevel;(b)statisticallysignificantdifferencesininferredspatial-hearingabilitiesbetweenthenormal-hearinggroupandotherparticipantgroupswithimpairedhearing.Poster#83-(HH06)OutcomesonTwoVersionsoftheHearingHandicapInventoryJayVachhani,AuD;GabrielleSaunders,PhD,;RobertFolmer,PhD;PatrickFeeney,PhD,NationalCenterForRehabilitativeAuditoryResearch-VAPortlandHealthCareSystem,Portland,ORRobertMargolis,PhD,AudiologyIncorporated,ArdenHills,MNLawrenceFeth,PhD;ChristinaRoup,PhD,OhioStateUniversity-DepartmentofSpeechandHearingScience,Columbus,OhioCurrentlytwoversionsoftheHearingHandicapInventory(HHI)areusedclinicallytoassessself-reportedhearingdifficulty.TheHHIAisusedforindividuals<65yearsofageandtheHHIEisusedforpeople65+.Twoversionsexistbecausethedevelopersassumedolderandyoungerindividualsencountereddifferentlisteningsituations.Theseversionsdifferinthewordingofthreequestions.Thepurposeofthisstudyistodeterminewhethertwoversionsarenecessary.Thedatawerecollectedaspartofalargerstudyexaminingtheeffectivenessofcommunity-basedhearingscreeningsasmotivationforindividualstoenterthehearinghealthcaresystem.Datawerecollectedfrom555individuals(100were65+years)whoreportedhearingdifficultiesatfourtestsitesthroughoutthecountry.ParticipantscompletedaversionoftheHHIthatincludedquestionsfromboththeHHIAandHHIEpermittingseparatescorestobecalculatedandcomparedforallindividuals.TheHHIEandHHIAscoresdidnotdifferforindividualsage<65years(HHIE:mean:25.4;SD:23.7&HHIA:mean24.7;SD:24.7)orforindividualsage65+(HHIE:mean25.6;SD:22.0&HHIA:mean:26.4;SD:22.7)suggestingthattwoversionsmaybeunnecessary.SupportedbyNIDCDR33DC011769.Poster#84-(HH07)CorrelationBetweenDietaryQualityandAudiologicalResultsinYoungAdultsMentoredStudentResearchPosterAwardJanelleKelley,BS,UniversityOfFlorida/MayoClinicJacksonville,OrmondBeach,FLChristopherSpankovich,PhD,UniversityOfMississippsiMedicalCenterMeghanJolley,UniversityofFloridaBackground:Dietaryintakeofvariousnutrientshasbeenreliablyassociatedwithhearingsensitivityinolderadultpopulations.Thecurrentstudyassessedtherelationshipbetweendietaryqualityandaudiologicaloutcomesinyoungadults.Methods:58healthyindividualsaged18-25yearsparticipated.SubjectsenteredtwodaysofdietaryintakeintotheAutomatedSelfAdministered24-HourDietaryRecalldatabase.Inaddition,theyunderwentotoscopy,tympanometry,otoacousticemissions(OAE’s),standardpuretoneaudiometry,andextendedhigh-frequencyaudiometrytoobtainhearingthresholds.Results:DietaryintakewasconvertedintoHealthyEatingIndex-2010(HEI-2010)scoresrangingfrom1to100,withlowerscoresindicatinglowerdietaryquality.Linearregressionsrevealednosignificantrelationshipbetweendietandhearingthresholds.However,apositiveandsignificantrelationshipbetweendietqualityandOAE’swasdetectedathighertestfrequencies.Conclusions:Individual’swithhigherqualitydietswereassociatedwithmorerobustOAE’sthanthosewithlowerqualitydiets.SmallerOAE

amplitudesinthosewithpoorerdietaryintakescouldsuggestinner-eardamagethathasnotyetaffectedhearingthresholdsorcompromisedmetabolicintegrityofthecochlea.Conclusionsmaybecomepartoffutureclinicalrecommendationsandcounselingsessionsconcerninghearingconservation.Poster#85-(HH08)ScreeningforOtologicFunctionalImpairmentsintheElderly(SOFIE)SharonSandridge,PhD;CraigNewman,PhD,ClevelandClinicHead&NeckInstitute,Cleveland,OHBarbaraWeinstein,PhD,CUNY-GC,NewYork,NYRationaleandAims:Theunderdetectionandundertreatmentofhearingloss,balancedisorders,andtinnitusinolderadultshavenegativeconsequencesonhealth-relatedqualityoflife(HRQoL)andpatientcare.TheScreeningforOtologicFunctionalImpairmentsintheElderly(SOFIE)wasdevelopedtoquantifyquicklyandefficientlythepresenceofthesehighlyprevalentandpotentiallydevastatingsymptoms.ThisstudyassessedthevalidityandreliabilityoftheSOFIE.Methods:Forty-fourpatientsfromtheHead&NeckInstituteattheClevelandClinicparticipated.The10-itemSOFIEiscomprisedofhigh-valueitemsdrawnfromscreeningversionsoftheHearingHandicapInventory(HHI),DizzinessHandicapInventory(DHI)andTinnitusHandicapInventory(THI).Themeantest-retestintervalwas245days.Results:SOFIEsubscales(n=44)werehighlycorrelatedwithscoresontheHHI(r=0.83),DHI(r=0.91)andTHI(r=0.85),attestingtoitsvalidity.TheSOFIEtotalscore(n=20)demonstratedhightest-retestreliability(r=0.72)andrepeatability(basedonBlandAltmancoefficient)betweenbaselineandre-administration.Conclusion:TheSOFIEisapsychometricallyadequateinstrumentforidentifyingolderadultswithotologicimpairmentswhomightbenefitfrommedicaland/orrehabilitativeservicesaimedatimprovingHRQoL(e.g.,hearingaidsandfallsprevention).Poster#86-(HH09)DevelopmentfortheSelf-assessmentofHearingScreeningoftheElderlyGibbeumKim,BS;WoojaeHan,PhD;JinsookKim,PhD;WondoNa;GunguKim,HallymUniversity,Chuncheon,GangwondoThepurposeofthestudywastodevelopandstandardizeascreeningtoolfortheelderlywhowishtocheckthemselvesforhearingloss.TheSelf-assessmentforHearingScreeningoftheElderly(SHSE)consistsof20questionsbasedoncharacteristicsofpresbycusisusinga5-pointscale:sevenquestionscoveredgeneralissuesduetohearingloss,sevencoveredhearingdifficultyunderdistractingconditions,twocoveredhearingdifficultyinfast-ratespeech,andfourcoveredworkingmemoryinthecommunicationsituation.TostandardizetheSHSE,atotalof83elderlyparticipated:25withnormalhearing,and22,23,and13formild,moderate,andmoderate-to-severesensorineuralhearingloss,respectively.Allwerere-testedagainthreeweekslaterusingthesamequestionnaire.TheresultsshowedthatSHSEscoresfornormalhearingandmild,moderate,andmoderate-to-severehearinglosswere42.24%,59.9%,64.15%,and75.86%,respectively,whilereflectingthedegreeofhearinglossappropriately.Inparticular,items1,3,17,and20showedsystematicallyincreasedscoresasthehearinglossincreased.Althoughweneedtostatisticallyanalyzethedataintermsofinternalconsistencyandtest-retestreliability,theSHSEwillhelptheelderlyself-diagnosetheirhearinglossandunderstandtheir

hearinglossmoreeasilyandobjectively.HEARINGLOSS/REHABILITATIONPoster#87-(HLRE01)CognitiveScreeningandHearingLossT35ResearchTraineePosterAnnaCosgrove,BS,MontclairStateUniversity,Bloomfield,NJIanOdgear;MelissaFrederick,AuD;GabrielleSaunders,PhD,NationalCenterForRehabilitativeAuditoryResearch,Portland,ORCognitivescreeningexamsareusedbyavarietyofhealthcareprofessionalstoassistinthediagnosisofcognitivedisorders.Manyrecentresearchstudieshavesuggestedthereisalinkbetweendecreasedcognitionandhearingloss.Cognitivescreeningtasksaregenerallyadministeredverbally,requiringprocessingoftheincomingauditorysignalandauditoryworkingmemory.Thegoalofthisstudywastodeterminewhatroleaudibilitymayplayincognitivescreeningperformance.ThetestselectedforusewastheMontrealCognitiveAssessment(MoCA,Nasreddineetal,2005).Cognitivescreeningofindividualswithhearinglosswasconductedwithandwithoutamplification(eitherwiththeparticipant’sownhearingaidsorusingaPockeTalkeriftheparticipantdidnotownhearingaids).Scoresforaidedandunaidedtestingwerecompared,andtherelationshipsbetweenMoCAscoresanddegreeofhearinglosswereexamined.Thestudy’sfindingsraisequestionsabouthowcognitivescreeningsshouldbeconductedwithhearingimpairedindividuals.Poster#88-(HLRE02)UseofQuickSINStimulitoObtainAcceptableNoiseLevelsHuaOu,PhD,IllinoisStateUniversity,Normal,ILItisclinicallyusefultofindamethodtopredictsuccesswithhearingaids,priortoafitting.TheQuickSpeech-In-Noisetest(QuickSIN),andtheAcceptableNoiseLevel(ANL)testhavebeenrecognizedasabletopredicthearing-aidusesuccess.Butthetwomeasuresusedifferentstimuliandrequireadministrationoftwotests.Onecommonspeechstimulusacrossthesemeasurestoobtainasmuchinformationaspossiblewithinatimelymanner,itmightbeabletoachieveamorecompletepictureoffactorsaffectinghearingaidusesuccess.ThepurposeofthestudywastoevaluatethereliabilityofusingthespeechmaterialfromQuickSINtomeasureANL.Twentyadultswithnormalhearingparticipatedinthestudy.TheaverageQuickSINANLwas5.3dB(SD=3.0)inthestudy.ItwascomparabletotheresultsusingthetraditionalANLstimuli(mean=4.1dB,SD=3.2)forthesamegroupofparticipants.NosignificantdifferenceswerefoundbetweenthesetwoANLsusingtwodifferentmaterials(p=.2).Test-retestreliabilitywashighforQuickSINANL(r=.8,p<.0001).ItwasconcludedthatQuickSINspeechmaterialcanbeusedtomeasureacceptablenoiselevelinclinic.Poster#89-(HLRE03)IstheDevice-OrientedSubjectiveOutcome(DOSO)IndependentofPersonality?

KelseyDumanch,BS;Yu-hsiangWu,PhD;ElizabethStangl,AuD;RuthBentler,PhD,UniversityOfIowa,IowaCity,IAChristiMiller,PhD;ChristopherBishop,PhD;KellyTremblay,PhD,UniversityofWashington,Seattle,WAStandardizedoutcomemeasures,orself-reportquestionnaires,areexpectedtobesensitivetoinfluencesfrompatientvariables;however,studieshaveshownthatpersonalitycanaccountfor10-30%ofthevarianceinresponsetoself-reportmeasures.Asaresult,theseinfluencescanimpactresultsandlimittheirgeneralizability.Tocircumventpersonalityinfluencesonoutcomedata,theDOSOwasdeveloped.TheDOSOismeanttodemonstrateoutcomesoftheamplificationdeviceindependentoftheindividualwhoiswearingit.Still,itisunknowniftheDOSOachievesitsoriginalgoal.OurstudyexaminestherelationshipbetweenpersonalityandtheDOSO.Sixty-fiveadultswhohavewornhearingaidsforatleastsixmonthswererecruited(UniversityofIowaandUniversityofWashington).TheNEO-FFIwasusedtomeasurepersonality.TheDOSO,togetherwithseveralotherquestionnaires,wasadministeredtomeasurehearingaidoutcomes.TheresultsshowsignificantcorrelationsbetweenpersonalityandtheDOSOand(consistentwiththeliterature)otherquestionnairessuchastheHHIE.Thisisindirectcontradictiontothepurposeforitsuse.UsingtheDOSOasanoutcomemeasure,specificallyinregardstoevaluatingthemeritofahearingaidtechnology,willbediscussedPoster#90-(HLRE04)StatisticalAnalysisofOutcomesfromtheDevice-OrientedSubjectiveOutcomeScaleRyanIrey,MA;ElizabethGalster,AuD;AlysonGruhlke,AuD;AmandaWolfe,AuD;JasonGalster,PhD,StarkeyHearingTechnologies,EdenPrairie,MNTheDevice-OrientedSubjectiveOutcomeScale(DOSO;Cox,Alexander,&Xu,2014)isasubjectiveassessmentofhearingaidoutcomesthatfocusesonaspectsofdeviceperformance.OnepotentialapplicationoftheDOSOisinthecomparisonofdifferenthearingaidsorhearingaidfeatures:theDOSOmaybeadministeredbothpriortoandafteranevaluationperiodwithanewhearingaid.Here,wedescribeamethodofanalyzingsuchdatausingordinallogisticregression.Participantsintwohearingaidclinicaltrials(n=101)completedtheDOSOshort-formversionApriortostudycommencement.Afteratleastsixweeksofusinganewhearingaiddevice,theycompletedtheDOSOshort-formversionB.WedemonstratetheuseofaproportionaloddsmodelinanalyzingtheDOSOoutcomeswithineachofitssixsubscales:First,therelevantmodelassumptionsareevaluated.Next,thecumulativeprobabilitiesforeachofthesevencategoriesofresponses(fivecategories,inthe‘Use’subscale)areestimatedwithineachsubscale.Finally,thestatisticalsignificanceofanyobservedchangesinresponseprobabilitybetweenversionsisderivedusingpoint-polyserialcorrelations.Finally,conclusionsaredrawnbasedonthestatisticalsignificanceanddirectionofthepoint-polyserialcorrelations.ANATOMYANDPHYSIOLOGYPoster#91-(ANAT05)InvestigatingtheRoleofTemporalBoneAnatomyonCaloricStimulationDavidCarpenter,BA;ErinPiker,PhD;DavidKaylie,MD;DennisFrank-ito,DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,Durham,NC

Hypothesis:Patientswithincreasedvariationinbilateraltemporalboneanatomyhavegreatercaloricasymmetry.Background:Despiteitsroleastheetiologicgoldstandardforvertigo,caloricstimulationhaslimitedclinicalutilityduetopoormechanisticunderstanding.Thepresentstudyaddressestheeffectoftemporalanatomyonthemagnitudeofthecaloricresponse.Methods:Eligiblepatientsincludedthosewhowerereferredtoanotologycliniccomplainingofdizzinesswithaheadcomputedtomography(CT)scanandcaloricstimulationresultsindicativeofnon-vestibularfindings.Observeddifferencesbetweenleftandrighttemporalboneanatomy,asderivedfromthree-dimensionalreconstructionsofCTscans,werecomparedtocaloricstimulationfindingsin11patients.StatisticalanalysiswasdoneusingthenonparametricWilcoxonRank-Sumtest.Results:Lateralsemicircularcanal(LSCC)volumeandLSCCSAtoVweretheonlytwoanatomicparameterssignificantlycorrespondingtocaloricasymmetry(p=0.036forLSCCV;p=0.023forLSCCSA:V).Incontrasttoourhypothesis,greaterasymmetryinLSCCVandSA:Vwereobservedinpatientswithalowercaloricasymmetry.Conclusions:Thecaloricasymmetryinsubjectswithoutvestibularimpairmentmaybeinfluencedmorebypatientstateandendorganfunctionthanbyleft-rightdifferencesintemporalboneanatomy.Poster#92-(ANAT06)VoiceAnalysisFollowingVagus-nerveStimulationwithTonesforTreatingTinnitusHelenKochilas,BA;AmyArnold,AuD;AnthonyCacace,PhD,DepartmentOfCommunicationSciences&Disorders,WayneStateUniversity,Detroit,MIMichaelSeidman,MD,HenryFordHealthSystem,WestBloomfield,MichiganBrentTarver,MicroTransponder,Inc.,Austin,TexasQuantitativelongitudinalvoiceanalysiswasperformedon7individualsfollowingsurgicalimplantationofavagusnerve(VN)electrodeandanelectrical-stimulatorcurrentlybeingevaluatedasanexperimentaltreatmentmodalityfortinnitus.Afterimplantation,individualswererequiredtoenteratreatmentregimeconsistingofcomputercontrolledelectricalstimulationoftheVNpairedwithsuprathresholdtones,presentedrandomlyaboveandbelowthetinnitusfrequency;2.5hoursperday,7days/week,aspartofatargetedplasticityapproachfortinnitusabatement.However,stimulatingtheVNelectricallycouldalsoimpactvocalfunction,buttodate,assessmentofvoicedataislackingforchronicdailystimulationusingtheapproachdescribedaboveandwiththedeviceutilized(SerenitySystem).Inthisinvestigation,weperformedarepetitivequantitativevocalanalysisbasedon:pitch,jitter,shimmer,andharmonic-to-noiseratiomeasuresonsamplesofsustainedvowels/e/,/o/and/ah/overthecourseof7sequentialpreandpostsurgicalsessionsencompassingatimecourseofover4months.Preliminarydataanalysesindicatedthatthesevocalfunctionsweresafeandstableoverthetimecoursemeasured.ResultswillbediscussedinthecontextofdatausingVNstimulationtotreattinnitusandothermedicalconditions(depression,epilepsy).Poster#93-(ANAT07)CochlearNerveDeficiencyandBrainAbnormalitiesinPediatricPatientsThierryMorlet,PhD;MarkianPazuniak,MD;RobertO'reilly,MD;KandulaVinay,MD;ArabindaChoudhari,MD,AIDupontHospitalForChildren,Wilmington,DE

Withtheuseofmagneticresonanceimagingstudiesfollowingthediagnosisofsensorineuralhearingloss,theprevalenceofcochlearnervedeficiency(CND)isincreasinglyrecognizedandmayrepresentthemostanatomicabnormalityinchildrenwithunilateralhearingloss.Inmanyofthesecases,otoacousticemissionsarepresentandauditorybrainstemresponsesareabsentorhighlyabnormal.PreviousstudieshavesuggestedthatCNDmayalsobeassociatedwithintracranialabnormalities.Toexpandonpreviousreports,theMRIsof46pediatricpatientsdiagnosedwithCNDfrom2007to2014wereexaminedwithattentiontogrossintracranialabnormalities,absenceorhypoplasiaofeachcranialnerve,myelination,andspecificabnormalitiesinthecochlearnucleus,laterallemniscus,lateralgeniculatenucleus,medialgeniculatenucleus,trapezoidbody,inferiorcolliculus,superiorolivarynucleus,andmiddletemporalgyrus.Themostcommonabnormalitywasobservedatthelevelofthevestibularsystemwithabsentvestibularnervesin6children,noorabnormalseparationofthesuperiorandinferiorvestibularnervesin4children,while12othershadvestibularanomalies.Twelvechildrenhadacochlearmalformation,mostofthemwithatreticcochlearnucleus.Otherbrainabnormalitieswereobservedinonly5children,allofthemwithdefectivevestibularsystems.WIDEBANDIMMITANCEPoster#94-(WI01)MedialOlivocochlearReflexandChangesinMiddleEarReflectanceWestonAdkins,BS;LauraMueldener;ShawnGoodman,PhD,TheUniversityOfIowa,IowaCity,IAThemedialolivocochlearreflex(MOCR)modifiestheactionofouterhaircellsandisoftenassessedbycomparingtransient-evokedotoacousticemissions(TEOAEs)obtainedwithandwithoutthepresenceofcontralateralacousticstimulation(CAS).LowCASlevels(~30-35dBSL)aretypicallyusedinordertoavoidconfoundingeffectsofthemiddle-earmusclereflex(MEMR),whichisalsoactivatedbyCAS.Measuredthisway,MOCReffectsareusuallysmall,somewhatvariable,andabsentinapproximately20%ofnormal-hearingindividuals.ItmaybepossibletousehigherCASlevelsbytakingadvantageofthevariabilityinMEMR-inducedchangesinmiddle-earreflectanceacrossfrequency.ByconstraininganalysisofMOCRtofrequencieswherereflectancechangesareminimal,confoundingeffectsofMEMRmaybeavoidedathigherCASlevels.Thisstrategycouldpotentiallyallowmeasurementoflarger,morestableMOCRshifts.TEOAEswererecordedwithCASlevelsrangingfrom36-84dBSL.Analysisbandsforeachsubjectwerechosencorrespondingtominimalchangesinreflectance,andcorrelationsbetweenMOCshiftsandchangesinmiddle-earpressurereflectancewereexamined.Resultssuggestthatusingthismethod,largerMOCshiftscanbemeasuredandthatagreaterpercentageofnormal-hearingsubjectsshowsignificantMOCshifts.Poster#95-(WI02)MiddleEarMuscleContractionAssessmentforImpulsiveSoundsGregoryFlamme,PhD;StephenTasko,PhD;KristyDeiters,AuD,WesternMichiganUniversity,Kalamazoo,MIWilliamAhroon,PhD,USArmyAeromedicalResearchLaboratory,Ft.Rucker,AL

Middleearmusclecontractions(MEMC)havebeeninvokedindamage-riskcriteriaforimpulsivenoisesforover40yearsandonedamage-riskcriteriaproposesthatMEMCprecedetheimpulseforawarnedlistenerviaresponseconditioning.However,scantempiricaldatadescribingtheprevalence,magnitude,andtime-courseofreflexiveMEMCelicitedbyimpulsivestimuliaswellasnon-acousticstimuliandbehaviorsareavailable.Likewise,empiricalsupportforanticipatoryMEMCislimited.Thecurrentstudyisalarge-scale,multi-experimentprojectdesignedtoaddresstheselimitationsinalaboratoryandfieldenvironment.MEMCaredetectedusingclicktrainstimuliasprobes.ReflexiveMEMCareelicitedusingtones,recordedgunshots,andnon-acousticstimuli(e.g.,controlledreleaseofcompressednitrogengastotheface).AnticipatoryMEMCareassessedacrossvaryinglevelsofdistraction,beginningwithparticipantinstructionstopayattentiontotheconditioningstimulusandculminatingintheassessmentofanticipatoryMEMCduringlive-fireexerciseswithrifles.Poster#96-(WI03)ContralateralStimulusComparisonoftheAcousticReflexviaReflectanceMeasuresJinnaBorgstrom,MA;SourayaLorenz;DavidVelenovsky,PhD,UniversityOfArizona,Tucson,AZTheacousticreflex(AR)occursastheresultofacontractionofthestapediusmuscleinresponsetothepresentationofaloudsound.Whenthestapediusmusclecontracts,theossicularchainandthetympanicmembranearestiffened.Increasedstiffnessofthemiddleearsystemcauseslowfrequencysoundstobemorereadilyreflectedoffthetympanicmembrane,whilehighfrequencysoundsaremoreeasilyadmittedintothemiddleear.Widebandpowerreflectance(WPR)measuresenergyacrossabroadfrequencyrange(200-6000Hz)asitisreflectedoffofthetympanicmembrane..UseofWPRallowsformeasurementofstiffnesseffectsacrossfrequencies,incomparisontoconventionalimmittanceinstruments,whichmeasureadmittancechangesonlyatasingleprobetone(226Hz).Thepurposeofthisstudywastoidentifywhetherreflectancemeasurescouldbeusedtoexaminereflectancepatternsasafunctionofcontralateralstimulustype(broadbandnoise,500,1000,2000and4000Hz).ThisstudyhypothesizedthatinnervationdistributionpatternsofthebasilarmembranewouldresultintheARproducingdifferentstiffnesschangesbasedoncontralateralstimulustype.ThisstudyadditionallydemonstratesthepotentialofWPRtoenhanceunderstandingoftheAReffectsontheauditorysystem.Poster#97-(WI04)TheEffectoftheAcousticReflexonMiddleEarTransmittanceHaleyLanoue;SarahMackenzie;BrendenBagnoli;ClementeMorales;LizaClark;DavidVelenovsky,PhD,UniversityOfArizona,Tucson,AZTheacousticreflex(AR)isacontractionofthestapediusmusclethatstiffenstheossicularchain.Thisstiffeningcausesanincreaseinreflectanceoflowandhighfrequencysoundsandanincreaseinadmittanceofmidfrequencysounds.Researchhasshownthattheactivationofthereflexresultsinselectivefilteringacrossfrequency.Weusedwidebandpowerreflectance(WPR:%energyreflected)andpowertransmittance(changeindBSPL)duringipsilateralreflexactivation,tovisualizethiseffect.TheMimosaAcousticsHearID®5.1systemchirpwasusedastheprobeandreflexelicitorstimulus.Preliminaryresultsrevealthegreatestdecreaseintransmittanceoccursbetween500and900HzwithanaverageARthresholdof74dBSPL.Theseactivationlevelsareonparwiththosecommonlyencountered

intypicalnoisylisteningsituations.Reductioninenergybelow1000Hzcouldbeadvantageouswhenlisteninginnoisyenvironments,i.e.,thattheARcaneffectivelyimprovethesignaltonoiseratioindifficultlisteningsituations.Poster#98-(WI05)IpsilateralMeasurementsoftheAcousticReflexUsingWidebandPowerReflectanceSarahMacKenzie;HaleyLanoue;ClementeMorales;BrendenBagnoli;DavidVelenovsky,PhD,UniversityOfArizona,Tucson,AZThecontractionofthestapediusmuscleisknownastheacousticreflex(AR)whichstiffenstheossicularchain/tympanicmembrane.Conventionalimmittancesystemsonlyevaluatechangesinadmittanceforthe226HzprobetonewithARactivation.Conversely,widebandpowerreflectance(WPR)providesinformationregardingenergyreflectedfromthetympanicmembraneacrossabroadfrequencyrange,typically200to6000Hz.Thepurposeofthisstudywastodetermineifacousticreflexescanbemeasuredipsilaterally(IPSI)usinganovelprotocol.PuretoneorbroadbandnoisestimulitypicallyusedforIPSIreflexrecordingcouldnotbeemployedwhenmeasuringthereflexviaWPR.ThisisbecausethelevelsneededtoactivatetheARforpuretonestimuliaremuchhigher(85-100dBSPL)thanthechirpstimulus(62dBSPL)andwouldthuscontaminatethereflectancemeasure.Therefore,weusedtheWPRchirpstimulusasboththeprobestimulusandreflexelicitorforourIPSIreflexmeasuresIpsilateralARthresholdsmeasuredusingthewidebandchirpstimuluswerecomparabletoconventionallymeasuredIPSIARs.Ourstudydemonstratesthepotentialofwidebandpowerreflectanceasameasureoftheipsilateralacousticreflexusingthechirpstimulusasboththeprobeandtheelicitor.Poster#99-(WI06)AgeEffectsintheAdultMiddleEar:WidebandAcousticImmittanceChrisSanford,PhD;GabrielBargen,PhD;JacobDiller;HeatherSmith;AlyssaHartman;JeffBrockett,IdahoStateUniversity,Pocatello,IDWiththerecentcommercializationofwidebandacousticimmittance(WAI)technology,theneedtotranslateresearchworktoclinicalpractice,includingthecreationofnormativedata,hasbeenaccelerated.DatapresentedherearefromalargerstudywithaimsofidentifyingagesatwhichdifferencesinWAIarepresentanddevelopingaWAInormativedatabaseforindividualsacrosstheagespectrum.Forthepresentstudy,adultWAIabsorbancedatafromindividualsinthreeagegroupswereexamined(20-30,45-55,and65-75years).Absorbancewassimilarforthetwoolderagegroupsacrosstheentirefrequencyrange(250-8000Hz).However,significantageeffectswerefoundforabsorbancewiththeyoungergroup.Inparticular,absorbanceforthe20to30yearoldgroupwasupto20%lowerthanthetwooldergroupsfor600through3000Hzandhigherbyupto10%for4000to7000Hz.Theseresultssuggestatrendtowarddecreasingmiddle-earstiffnesswithage.TheyalsoholdrelevancefortheestablishmentofnormativedataforWAImeasurementsandforunderstandingtheagingprocessintheperipheralauditorysystem.ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY

Poster#100-(EP10)CharacterizingABRsinPretermInfants:TheBabyEarsProjectLindaHood,PhD;MaryEdwards,AuD,VanderbiltUniversity,Nashville,TNBethPrieve,PhD,SyracuseUniversity,Syracuse,NYAuditorybrainstemresponses(ABR)showchangesinmorphology,latencyandamplitudeofvariouspeakcomponentswellafterbirth.WhileABRshavebeencharacterizedinhealthyterminfants,lessinformationisavailableinpreterminfants,particularlythosewithneurodevelopmentaldelays.Aspartofalargerlongitudinalstudyofauditoryresponsesandinfantdevelopment(TheBabyEarsProject),ABRdatawerecollectedfor63preterminfantstestedat33and35weeksgestationalageand2monthscorrectedage.ABRswererecordedforclickstimulipresentedtoeachearindividuallyattwointensitiesusingipsilateralandcontralateralrecordingmontages.Middle-earandcochlearstatuswereassessedviawidebandacousticabsorbance(A)andtransientotoacousticemissions(OAEs).InfantswithpeaksinAwithinthe2-4kHzrange,presentOAEs,andpresentABRsforlow-intensitystimulishowlongipsilateralABRwavelatenciesthatdecreasewithincreasingage.SimultaneouscontralaterallyrecordedABRscontainminimallyidentifiablewavesinmanyinfantsand,wherepresent,componentlatenciesdifferfromresponsesonlatertests.PatternsofipsilateralandcontralateralABRlatencyandmorphologychangeswithagewillbediscussed.Thelong-termgoalofTheBabyEarsProjectistorelateearlyauditorycharacteristicstoneurodevelopmentandspeech/languagedevelopmentoutcomes.[SupportedbyNIH-NIDCDR01DC011777]Poster#101-(EP11)AuditorySteady-StateLong-LatencyResponse(ASSLLR):BacktoFundamentalStimulusParametersAbreenaTlumak,PhD,VAPittsburghHealthcareSystem,Pittsburgh,PAJohnDurrant,PhD,UniversityOfPittsburgh,Pittsburgh,PARafaelDelgado,PhD,IntelligentHearingSystems,Miami,FLThepurposeofthisstudywastofurtherexamineeffectsofthetwomostfundamentalstimulusparameters--intensityandfrequency--particularlyauditoryevokedpotentialsusingasteady-stateapproachtoresponseevocationandanalysis.Theprimaryaimwastomeasuremagnitudechangesofauditorysteady-stateresponses(ASSRs)at40and0.75Hzrepetitionratesandofrespectivederivedtransientmiddle-andlong-latencyresponsesasafunctionofparameterswithinthemid-auditoryresponsearea.Repeatedtone-burstswerepresentedatthreecarrierfrequenciesandfiveSPLs.Acohortof48normallyhearingadultswasexamined.MagnitudesofbothASSRs(frequencydomainanalyses)andderivedtransientresponses(time-domainanalyses)showedsmall,yetstatisticallynonsignificant,changestocarrierfrequency(0.5-2kHz)forbothrepetitionrates,concurringoverallwiththeliterature.Althoughtherelationshipisstronglydebatedintheliterature,asexpected,magnitudessystematicallyincreasedwithSPL(40-80dB),butwithsubstantiallydifferentinput-output(I-O)functions.TheI-Ofunctionsfor40Hzexhibitedsignsofsaturatinggrowth,whereasthatat0.75Hz(ASSLLR)approximatedalog-loglinearfunction.However,withaneyetowardpotentialperceptualrelevance,theslopefellwellbelowthatofdoublingofloudnessper10dBSPL.Implicationsdiscussed.

Poster#102-(EP12)ElectrocochleographyObtainedatHighStimulusRatesinPatientswithMeniereDiseaseKrzysztofMorawski,MD;KazimierzNiemczyk,MD;KatarzynaPierchala,MD;MagdalenaKuzminska,MD;AleksandraWezyk,MD,DepartmentOfOtolaryngology,MedicalUniversityOfWarsaw,Warsaw,PolandRafaelDelgado,PhD,IntelligentHearingSystems,Miami,FLObjectives:ToinvestigateanewstrategyofauditoryevokedresponsesrecordedathighstimulationratesinMenierediseaseears(MDEs).MethodsandMeasures:Controlears(CEs)and32MDEsweretestedusinganevaluationstrategyoftheauditorysysteminvolvinga‘ContinuousLoopAveragingDeconvolution’technique(CLAD)(Delgado&Ozdamar,JASA2004;Ozdamar&Bohorquez,JASA2006).Hearingwastestedbytranstympanalelectrocochleography(TT-ECochG).Earswerestimulatedusingclicks(85dBnHL)presentedatratesof7/s-780/swiththeCLADoption.Results:IntheCEs,theSP/APratioreached-1atastimulationrateof600/swhileinMDEsat50-100/s.APlatenciesintheCEswerefoundtobeincreasingatstimulationratesequalto300/s,thenwerestable,andforratesof>=500/s,werefoundtobedecreasing.ForMDEs,latencychangeswererelativelysimilartostimulationrate250/s,andthen,thelatencyremainedstable.APamplitudereductionpatterninMDEswasalsodifferentcomparingtoCEs.Conclusions:TheseveryhighstimulationratesprovideavaluabletoolfortheassessmentoftheadaptationprocessesoftheperipheralauditorysysteminCEsandMDEs.TheCLADstrategysupportstraditionalaudiologicaltestbatteryindiagnosisoftypicalcochlearauditorypathologies.Poster#103-(EP13)FrequencyFollowingResponse:NormativeDataSaradhaAnanthakrishnan,PhD,TowsonUniversity,Towson,MDTheFrequencyFollowingResponse(FFR),ascalp-recordedauditoryevokedpotentialreflectingbrainstempitchrepresentation,hasbeensuccessfullyrecordedtoavarietyofspeechandnon-speechstimuliinvariouspopulationssuchasautism,learningdisorders,specificlanguageimpairment,normalhearingandsensorineuralhearingloss.Further,itisasensitiveindexofexperience-dependentneuralplasticity,asreflectedbystrongerbrainstemresponseamplitudesforpitchencodinginmusiciansandspeakersoftonallanguagessuchasMandarin.However,thereisverylittleinformationonnormativeFFRdatainevokedpotentialliteratureduetoavarietyofreasons.Firstly,theFFRcanberecordedtoavarietyofstimuli,eachofwhichevokesauniqueresponse,withpotentiallydifferentnorms.Secondly,therearemanydifferentmethodsofanalyzingthisneuralresponse,includingbutnotlimitedtoautocorrelationanalysis,FastFourierTransforms,andstimulus-responsecorrelations.Lastly,thevulnerabilityoftheFFRtoexperience-dependentlearningeffectscanpotentiallyintroduceconsiderablevariabilityevenamongapparentlyhomogeneouscontrolgroups.Thespecificfocusofthecurrentexperimentisondevelopingage-andgender-specificnormativedataforpitchextractionmetricsforFFRsevokedbypuretonestimuli.Poster#104-(EP14)

AssessmentofConsistencyofBrainstemBinauralHearingComponent:PreliminaryResultsParvanehAbbasalipour,MS,HealthAndRehabilitationSciencesGraduateProgram,WesternUniversity,London,ONSusanStanton,PhD;EwanMacpherson,PhD,HealthAndRehabilitationSciencesGraduateProgram,2NationalCentreForAudiology,WesternUniversity,London,ONAphysiologicalmeasureofprocessingofbinauralstimuliisthebinauralinteractioncomponent(BIC)oftheauditorybrainstemresponse(ABR),definedasthedifferencebetweentheABRevokedbybinauralstimuliandthesumoftheleftandrightmonaurallyevokedABRs.ToidentifyneuralplasticityinbrainstemBICgenerators,normativedataforthestabilityoftheBICacrossrecordingsessionsarerequired.Fivechannels(earlobes,parieto-occipital,andneck)ofchirp-evokedABRwererecordedinnormallyhearinglistenersintwoconsecutivesessionsinunilateral,dioticanddichoticstimulusconditions.Thedichoticstimulivariedininterauraltimedifference(ITD).BICswerecomputedforeachbinauralstimulus,andnormativedatawereobtainedbycomparingthelatencyandamplitudeoftheBIC,andtheirdependencyonITD,acrosssessions.TheamplitudeandlatencyoftheBICremainedstableacrosschannelsinthedioticcondition.Dichotic(non-zeroITD)stimulidelayedthepeaksandreducedtheamplitudeoftheBICinallchannels.Repeatedmeasuresanalysesrevealednosignificantdifferencesintheseeffectsacrosstherecordingsessions.WewillapplythenormativedataforourfuturestudytoinvestigatechangesintheasymmetricallystimulatedbrainstembyrecordingtheBICbeforeandafteracorrectivetreatment.Poster#105-(EP15)NeuralCorrelatesofAge-relatedChangesinAuditoryTemporalProcessingNewInvestigatorPosterAwardSamiraAnderson,PhD;SandraGordon-Salant,PhD;CaseyGaskins;MatthewGoupell,PhD,UniversityOfMaryland,CollegePark,MDOlderadultsoftenreportthattheyexperiencedifficultyhearing,especiallyinchallenginglisteningenvironments.Thishearingdeclinemaybeattributedinparttodecreasedprocessingofrapidlychangingauditoryinformation.Perceptualexperimentshavedemonstratedthatolderadultshavegreaterdifficultydiscriminatingbetweenwordsthatdifferonbrieftemporalcuesthanyoungeradults.Toinvestigatetheneuralmechanismsunderlyingthesedeficits,psychophysicalfunctionswereobtainedforpairsofcontrastingwordsthatdifferona7-stepcontinuumbasedonsilentintervalduration(‘dish’vs.‘dish’),andfrequencyfollowingresponses(FFRs)wererecordedtotheendpointsofthiscontinuumingroupsofyoungnormalhearing(YNH),oldernormalhearing(ONH),andolderhearingimpaired(OHI)listeners.PsychophysicaltestingdemonstratedthatbothONHandOHIlistenersrequirelongersilencedurationstodiscriminatebetween‘dish’and‘ditch’thanYNHlisteners.IntheFFRrecordings,thesalienceofthesilentintervalwasreducedbydelayedoffsetsintheONHandOHIcomparedtotheYNHlisteners.Finally,FFRoffsetlatencycorrelatedwiththe‘ditch-dish’cross-overpointontheidentificationfunctionsacrosslisteners,suggestingthatdecreasedtemporalprecisioncontributestopoorerperceptionofcertainspeechcontrastsinolderadults.Poster#106-(EP16)

P300inParticipantswithSensorineuralHearingLoss:RelationtoWorkingMemoryandSpeechPerceptioninNoiseNaveenNagaraj,PhD;SamuelAtcherson,PhD;JenniferFranklin,AuD,UAMS/UALR,LittleRock,ARThepresentstudyexaminedtherelationshipbetweenP300,workingmemory(WM)andspeechperceptioninnoise.17participantswithSNHL(age:25to75;M=51years)wererecruitedandtheirspeechperceptionabilityinnoise(SNRloss)weremeasuredusingQuickSINsentencesmixedwithmultitalkerbabble,restaurant,aircraftandstormnoise.WMcapacity(WMC)andspeedofinformationprocessingwasmeasuredusingautomatedListeningandReadingspantasks.P300wasrecordedusinganoddballparadigmconsistingof1000and2000Hz(oddball)stimuli.CorrelationalanalysisrevealedthatP300latencyandSNRlosscorrelatedsignificantlywithWMCandWMprocessingspeed.However,therewasnosignificantcorrelationbetweenspeechperceptionscoresandP300latency.P300amplitudewasnotassociatedwithWMC,processingspeedorSNRloss.Interestingly,linearregressionanalysiswithinteractionbetweenWMC,speedofprocessingandP300latencyexplained56%varianceinSNRloss.TheseresultsmaysuggestthattherelationbetweenP300latencyandspeechperceptioninnoisemaybemoderatedbyindividualsWMcapacity.P300latencymaybeusedasanobjectiveclinicaltooltogaininsightintoindividual’sspeedofinformationprocessingandWMcapacity,whichinturnmayreflectspeechperceptionability.Poster#107-(EP17)AttentionalModulationofNeuralResponsesinNormal-hearingandHearing-impairedListenersAlaSomarowthu,MS;Ying-yeeKong,PhD,NortheasternUniversity,Boston,MANaiDing,PhD,ZhejiangUniversity,HangzhouAuditoryselectiveattentiondifferentiallymodulatesneuralprocessingofsimultaneousauditorystreams.Thisstudyinvestigatestheeffectofhearinglossontheneuralresponsestoattendedandunattendedspeechindioticlistening.Eightnormal-hearingandeighthearing-impairedyoungadultsparticipated.BothlistenergroupsweretestedonasentencerecognitiontaskwithIEEEsentences,andastorycomprehensiontaskduringwhichEEGresponseswererecorded.Forbothtasks,twosimultaneousspeechsignalswerepresentedatdifferenttarget-to-maskerratios(TMRs).Inonecondition,thetwospeechstimuliwerespokenbytalkersofthesamegender.Inanothercondition,theywereofdifferentgenders.SpeechsignalswereamplifiedusingtheNAL-RPmethodforthehearing-impairedlisteners.Resultsshowedthathearing-impairedlistenersdemonstratedpoorerspeechintelligibilityanddiminishedneuralmodulationresponsestobothspeechstreamsatmorechallengingTMRscomparedtonormal-hearinglisteners.NeuralmodulationsoftheattendedspeechweresimilarbetweenthetwogroupsoflistenerswhencomparedatequivalentIEEErecognitionperformancelevels.Finally,differentialneuralmodulationsweresignificantlycorrelatedwithspeechintelligibilityinhearing-impairedlisteners.Theseresultssuggestthathearinglossnegativelyimpactssoundsegregation,makingitdifficulttoemploytop-downattentiontodifferentiallyprocessdifferentsimultaneouslypresentedspeechstreams.Poster#108-(EP18)ReductionofListeningEffortwithBinauralAlgorithmsinHearingAids:AEEGStudy

AxelWinneke,PhD;JensAppell,PhD,FraunhoferIDMT,OldenburgMaartenDeVos,PhD,OxfordUniversity,OxfordKirstenWagener,PhD,HoerzentrumOldenburgPeterDerleth,PhD;MatthiasLatzel,PhD,PhonakAG,StaefaFrankWallhoff,PhD,JadeHochschule,OldenburgMeasuringlisteningeffortisaninterestingmethodifhearingsaidsareevaluatedinsuprathresholdlisteningsituations,wherespeechintelligibilitymaynotdifferentiateperformanceoracceptance.Thesubjectiveassessmentoflisteningeffortwithquestionnairesoftenleadstoimpreciseandinconsistentresults;Thereforeitwasinvestigatedwhethertheanalysisoftheelectroencephalogram(EEG)isabletomeasuretheinfluenceofthelisteningeffortonthecognitiveloadofahearingaiduser.Inthestudysevensubjectswerefittedwithhearingaidsusingabinauralalgorithmtosupportlisteningonthephone.Thealgorithmwastestedbothactivatedanddeactivated.Whilethesubjectsexecutedaworkingmemorytask,theevent-relatedpotentials(ERP)andchangesinalphafrequencyintheEEGsignalwererecorded.ForvariationofthelisteningeffortthebackgroundnoisewaspresentedatalowandahighSNR.TheanalysisoftheERPshowamorepronouncedN1wavewhenthebinauralalgorithmwasactiveandanincreasedalphawhenthebinauralalgorithmwasinactive,bothinthelowSNRcondition.TheresultssupporttheconclusionthatthebinauralalgorithmreduceslisteningeffortandtheEEGmeasurementisapromisingmethodologytodeterminelisteningeffort.Poster#109-(EP19)RelationsAmongABR/MLRResponseMeasuresandCategoricalLoudnessJudgmentsPeggyKorczak,PhD,TowsonUniversity,Towson,MDCraigFormby,PhD,UniversityOfAlabama,Tuscaloosa,ALMonicaHawley,PhD,UniversityofMaryland,Baltimore,MDThegoalofseveralprescriptivefittingprotocolsfornonlinearhearingaidsistonormalizeloudness.Itwouldbebeneficialforaudiologiststohaveanobjectivetool,suchasAEPs,toassessloudnessperceptionindifficult-to-testpopulations,whocannotprovidereliableandaccurateloudnessjudgments.Aimsofstudy:tocharacterizechangesinresponsemeasuresoftone-evoked(500and2000Hz)ABR/MLRsasfunctionofperceivedloudnessandintensityofthesestimuliin10normal-hearingadults;todelineaterangeoflevelscorrespondingtosubjects'categoricalloudnessjudgmentsforthesestimuli.ABR/MLRswererecordedatpresentationlevelscorrespondingtoeachlistener'sloudnessjudgmentsforfourcategoriesonContourtestofloudness.Results:Group-meanABRwaveVandMLRwavePalatenciesat500Hzand2000Hzincreasedsignificantlyascategoricalloudnessjudgmentsdecreasedfromloud-but-OKtocomfortable-but-slightly-soft.Group-meanwavesV-V'andNa-Paamplitudesincreasedaslisteners'loudnessjudgmentsincreasedfromcomfortable-but-slightly-softtoloud-but-OKfor500and2000Hz.Listenersassigneda30-40dBrangeofintensitieswhenjudgingtheloudnessoftoneburstswithinaspecificcategory,whichwastrueforallloudnesscategoriesatbothstimulusfrequencies.Conclusion:Itappearsthatresponsemeasures,especiallyresponselatencies,fortone-evokedABR/MLRsreflect,atleastinpart,listener'sbehavioralperceptionofloudness.Poster#110-(EP20)

ElectrophysiologicalMaskingLevelDifferenceswithSpeechTokensCynthiaFowler,PhD;EmilyWilson,MS,UniversityOfWisconsin,Madison,Madison,WIBinauraltemporalcodingcomparesthelow-frequencysignalsthatarriveateacheartoaidinthedetectionofasignalinbackgroundnoise.ThiseffectcanbequantifiedwiththeMaskingLevelDifference(MLD).Sinceverbalspeechisafundamentalpartofourcommunication,usingspeechstimuliinplaceoftonalstimulimayprovidemoreinsightintotheabilitytohearspeechinnoise.However,untilnowtheElectrophysiologicalMaskingLevelDifference(eMLD)hasnotbeenevaluatedwithspeechstimuli.ThisstudyevaluatestheMLDbothbehaviorally(bMLD)andelectrophysiologicallyusingfivespeechtokens(nonsensesyllables)thatvaryinconsonantandvowelcharacteristics.Thetokensinclude/AH/,/DA/,/DI/,/TA/,and/WA/andwerechosentorepresentavarietyofspeechcharacteristics.ThebMLDsandeMLDsweremeasuredbythresholddifferencesbetweenSoNoandS-Noconditions,withaspeechmaskingnoisesetto65dBSPL,on20young,normal-hearingadults.ThebMLDswerelargestwith/AH/and/WA/andsmallestwith/DA/and/TA/.FortheeMLDs,/AH/,/DA/,/DI/,and/WA/wereequallylargewhereas/TA/wasthesmallest.TheeMLDswereslightlylargerthanthebMLDS.ImplicationsofMLDsizewillbediscussed.Poster#111-(EP21)PreadolescentMusicalTrainingInfluencesSpatialListeningandTemporalProcessingBrettSchneiderman,BS;ErinDula;SaravananElangovan,PhD;JacekSmurzynski,PhD,EastTennesseeStateUniversity,JohnsonCity,TNWhencomparedtotheirnon-musicianpeers,adultmusiciansdemonstrateenhancedspeech-in-noiseperception(Parberry-Clarketal,2013),verbalmemory(Chanetal,1998),phonologicalskills(Deg&Schwarzer,2011),andreading(Tierney&Kraus,2013).Recentevidencefromauditorybrainstemresponsessuggeststhatearlymusicaltrainingprimesneuralplasticitythatfacilitateslisteningindegradedenvironments(Straitetal.,2012).Ourstudyexaminedthehypothesisthatneuralenhancements,subsequenttopreadolescentmusicaltraining,improvesbinauralspeechprocessingandtemporalprocessingthatareknowntocontributesignificantlytospeechunderstandingincomplexlisteningenvironments(Hirsh,1950;Snell&Frisina,2000).Wetestedmiddle-schoolaged(10-14years)childrenwithandwithoutmusicaltrainingbasedonyearsofexperience(<6months=non-musician;>1year=musician)andmusicalaptitude(IntermediateMeasuresofMusicAudiation;rhythmsubtest)ontestsofspatiallistening(ListeninginSpatializedNoise-SentencesTest,Dillon,2007)andauditorytemporalprocessing(AdaptiveTestofTemporalResolution,Listeretal.,2011).Wealsomeasuredworkingmemoryandvisualprocessingefficiency(picturepatternmemoryandprocessingspeed;NIHToolBox)tounderstandthepotentialinfluenceofmultimodalityhigher-ordercognitiveskillsovermodality-specificenhancementsinauditoryperceptualprocessingsecondarytomusicaltraining.Poster#112-(EP22)AuditoryFunctioninPatientswithCharcot-Marie-ToothDiseaseIlJoonMoon,MD;YoonSangJi,PhD;HeesungPark,AuD;SungHwaHong,MD,DepartmentOfOtorhinolaryngology-headAndNeckSurgery,SungkyunkwanUniversitySchoolOfMedicine,Seoul,Korea

KyungMyunLee,PhD,SmartHumanityConvergenceCenter,GraduateSchoolOfConvergenceScienceAndTechnology,Suwon,KoreaByung-OkChoi,MD,DepartmentofNeurology,SamsungMedicalCenter,SungkyunkwanUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Seoul,KoreaCharcot-Marie-Toothdisease(CMT),alsoknownashereditarymotorandsensoryneuropathy,isaninheriteddisorderoftheperipheralnervoussystem.HearinglossisarelativelycommonsymptominpatientswithCMT,andauditorydeficitmaybeassociatedwithneuralconductionabnormalitiesintheafferentauditorypathway.Bymeasuringauditorybrainstemresponsestothreespeechstimuli([ba],[da]and[ga]),thisstudyaimedtoidentifyabnormalitiesinthebrainstemprocessingofspeechinCMTpatients.Twenty-fourpatientsconfirmedbygenetictestingtohaveCMTparticipated,andtwenty-fourage-/sex-matchednormal-hearingcontrolswererecruited.Speech-evokedauditorybrainstemresponses(complexABR,cABR)andclickABRswererecordedinbothgroups.Structuredquestionnaireswereadministeredtoevaluatehearinghandicap.Interestingly,allCMTpatientsofthisstudyhadnormalsounddetection,buttheyshowedelectrophysiologicalevidenceofauditoryneuropathywithdelayedorlowamplitudeauditorybrainstemresponses.Inaddition,cross-responsephasedifferencesofcABRtothreespeechsyllablesweresignificantlydifferentbetweenthetwogroups.SubjectivehearingdifficultiesassessedbyusingquestionnaireswereslightlyprominentinCMTgroup.Althoughsounddetectionevaluatedbystandardauidiometryisnormal,abnormalcABRfindingsinthisstudyhaverevealeddisturbanceinsubcorticalauditoryprocessingofcomplexstimuliinCMTpatients.PSYCHOACOUSTICSPoster#113-(PSY08)StatisticalConfidenceintheComparisonbetweenEstimatedDecisionWeightsSamuelHess,MS;HuanpingDai,PhD,UniversityOfArizonaDeptOfSpeech,Language,AndHearingSciences;Dept.OfElectricalEngineering,Tucson,AZInrecognizingauditoryobjects,listenersmustcompareorintegrateinformationderivedfromdifferentsegments(orpixels)ofthesoundalongtimeand/orfrequency.Withintheframeworkofalinear-observermodelofthesignal-detectiontheory,inwhichthedecisionvariablefordiscriminatingbetweentwoobjectsisexpressedasalinearweightedsumofstimulusvariables(e.g.,soundlevelofpixels),thepatternofdecisionweightsdescribeshowinformationisintegrated.Toaccuratelydeterminethepatternofweightstheexperimentermustestablishthestatisticalconfidenceinthedifferencebetweenestimatedweights.Thepurposeofthispresentationistodescribehowtoestablishthestatisticalconfidenceoftherelativemagnitudeoftheestimatedweights,andspecifically,theconfidenceintervalofanestimatedratiobetweenweights.Weexaminedtheeffectofvariousfactorsonthisconfidenceinterval,includinginternalnoise,responsebias,numberofpixelsintheauditoryobject,andthetechniquesforestimatingdecisionweights.Theresultsandtheirimplicationswillbediscussedinthispresentation.Poster#114-(PSY09)HowDoesMusicalTrainingImpactAuditoryStreaming?AuroraWeaver,PhD;JessicaBurford,AuburnUniversity,Auburn,AL

JeffreyDigiovanni,PhD,OhioUniversity,Athens,OHThepurposeofthisstudywastodetermineifmusicaltrainingleadstoimprovedauditorystreaming.Makingsenseoftheauditoryworldaroundusisfacilitatedthroughone’sabilitytoorganizeandgroupauditoryinformation.Hearingastimulusinaparticularwaymaybeeasiertocontrolforamusicianortrainedearsthanforuntrainedears(Bregman,1990);therefore,theimpactofmusicaltrainingonauditorystreamingwasinvestigated.Thepresentstudymeasuredthetemporaldelaybetweentheonsetofa21ssequenceofrepeatingtonetriplets(ABA)andthetimethelistenerindicatedthattwoseparatesequences(A-A-A-Aand-B---B-)wereperceived.Thiswasquantifiedacrossthreeconditionswhichplaceddifferentattentiondemandsduringthetriptonesequencepresentation,replicatingthoseutilizedinsimilarstreaminginvestigations(Carlyonetal.,2001).Additionally,apitchpatternspanmeasurewasobtainedtoevaluatetherelationshipbetweenpitchpatterncapacityandauditorystreaming.Preliminaryresultsindicatethatattentionmodulatedstreamingperformanceandthattheamountofmusicaltrainingenhancedpitchpatterncapacitymeasuresconsistentwithpreviousoutcomes(Weaveretal.,2015).Thefurtherimpactofmusicalexperienceonauditorystreamingwillbediscussed.Poster#115-(PSY10)OnEstimatingInternalNoise:ComparisonofThreeMethodsHuanpingDai,PhD,AuditoryPerceptionAndAmplificationLabDeptOfSpeech,Language,AndHearingSciences,Tucson,AZSamuelHess,MS,DeptOfSpeech,Language,AndHearingSciences;DeptOfElectricalEngineering,Tucson,AZHumanobserversarenoisy,inthattheirresponsestoidenticalstimulusinputplayedrepeatedlyarenotalwaysidentical.Asaresult,humanperceptionis,tosomedegree,inherentlyinconsistentandunpredictable.Withintheframeworkofthesignal-detectiontheory(SDT),thelimitedconsistencyandpredictabilityofhumanresponsesinpsychophysicaltasksismodeledbyincludingaparametercalledtheinternalnoise.Theinternalnoisewillposealimitationtothetaskperformance.Sinceunderstandingtaskperformanceisaprimarygoalofhumanpsychophysics,itisimportantthatwehavewaystoestimateinternalnoiseaccurately.Thepurposeofthispresentationistocomparethreemethodsforestimatinginternalnoisefromasimulatedobserver:1).Algebraicmethod;2).Binomiallogistic-regressionmethod;3).Double-passmethod.Theresultsindicatethateachmethodhasitsparticularstrengthandweakness,andthatpracticalapplicationsmayrequireacombinationoftwoorallthreemethods.Poster#116-(PSY11)EvaluationofCochlearImplantCandidatesusingSpectrotemporalModulationsTestJiEunChoi,MD;IlJoonMoon,PhD;Jung-minAhn,MD;JinryoulKim,PhD;HeesungPark,PhD;SungHwaHong,PhD,SamsungMedicalCenter,SeoulThisstudyexploresapossibilitythatspectrotemporalmodulation(STM)detectiontestcanbeaviableoptionforCIcandidacyevaluation.Twentyfourpatientswithmoderatelyseveretoprofoundhearinglossparticipatedinthisstudy.Unaidedspectralmodulationdetection(SMD)andSTMdetectiontestswereappliedduringCIcandidacyevaluation.TheSTMdetectiontestconsistedtwodifferenttemporal

modulationratesandthreedifferentspectralmodulationdensities,producingatotal6differentSTMstimulusconditions.Correlationanalysisbetweenperformanceofpsychoacoustictasksandsentencerecognitionscoresinquietwereperformed.CorrelationanalysisshowedthatunaidedSMDandSTMdetectionthresholdsexceptfor1.0c/oand10Hzweresignificantlycorrelatedwithaidedsentencerecognitionscoresinquiet.WhencreatednewequationusingcombinationofweightedSTMstimulusconditions,thepredictionwasstrongerwithnewequation(rs=-0.834,p<0.001)thanthatfromSMDthreshold(rs=0.790,p<0.001).Thenewequationshowedgooddiagnosticvalue,withaderivedareaundertheROCcurveof0.9545,sensitivityof100%,andspecificityof90%byfindingthecutoffvalueforpredictingsentencerecognitionscoreslessthan50%.UnaidedSTMdetectionthresholdswerepredictiveofspeechrecognitionperformanceanditcouldenableanefficientprocessforevaluatingCIcandidacy.Poster#117-(PSY12)Build-upEffectofAuditoryStreamSegregationusingAmplitude-modulatedNarrowbandNoiseHarleyWheeler;YingjiuNie,PhD;AlexandriaMatz,JamesMadisonUniversity,Harrisonburg,VARecentpsychoacousticexperiments(Deikeetal.,2012,B-ckmann-Bartheletal.,2014)havere-examinedresearchregardingstreamsegregationandthebuild-upeffect.Streamsegregationistheabilitytodiscernauditoryobjectswithinastreamofinformation;suchasdistinguishingonevoiceamongstbackgroundnoise.Initialworksexaminingthistopicproposedthatauditoryinformationisnotimmediatelydistinguishedasvariousstreams,butratherthatdifferencesaccumulatecognitivelyovertime,allowinglistenerstosegregateinformationfollowingaperiodofbuild-up(i.e.,thebuild-upeffect);whereasmorecurrentfindingsindicateabuild-upperiodisunnecessaryforsegregation.Thisexperimenthasmodifiedthosepriortodefineresponsefunctionsatearlierwindowsofstimulipresentation,attemptingtominimizedataextrapolation.Listenersinthisexperimentindicatedwhethertheyexperiencedoneortwoauditorystreamsduringa24.7secondwindowofstimulipresentationconsistingofalternatingAandBnoisebursts.Thisexperimentexaminedpossiblecorrelationsofspectraldifference,amplitudemodulationrate,andinitialresponseofstreamnumber.Resultsthusfarindicateastrongcorrelationbetweeninitialresponseandspectraldifference,butthatAM-ratedoesnotappeartoinfluenceinitialresponse.Ourfindingsareconsistentwithrecentreports.Findingsoncochlearimplantuserswillalsobediscussed.Poster#118-(PSY13)RelationshipsofCognitiveAbilitiestoSpectro-TemporalRippleDetectionBenjaminKirby,PhD;MeredithSpratford,AuD;JudyKopun,MA;RyanMcCreery,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEKelseyKlein,UniversityOfIowa,IowaCity,IATheabilitytounderstandspeechisthoughttoberelatedtoabilitytodetectspectraldetailincomplexandchangingacousticsignals.Spectro-temporalrippledetectionispositivelyrelatedtolistenerageandaidedaudibilityinchildren(Kirbyetal.2015).Thepurposeofthisworkwastoestablishthecontributionofgeneralcognitiveabilitiessuchasworkingmemoryandexecutivefunctiontospectro-temporalrippledetectionthresholdinadditiontoknownpredictorsoflistenerageandaudibility.Childrenwithmild-to-severebilateralsensorineuralhearinglosswhowerefull-timehearingaiduserscompletedthespectral-

temporallymodulatedrippletest(SMRT,AronoffandLandsberger,2013),andmeasuresofaidedaudibility(SII),sustainedauditoryattention,executivefunction,non-verbalintelligence,andbothauditoryandvisualworkingmemory.Ageneralizedlinearmodel(GLM)fitofthedatawascompleted.Auditoryworkingmemorywasfoundtobeasignificantpositivepredictorofspectro-temporalmodulationrippledetectionthresholdintheoverallmodel,independentoflistenerageandaidedSII.Poster#119-(PSY14)EffectsofSelf-generatedNoiseonChildren’sPure-toneDetectionThresholdsEmilyBuss,PhD;JohnGrose,PhD;JosephHall,PhD,UNCSchoolOfMedicine,ChapelHill,NCHeatherPorter,PhD,UniversityOfSouthernCalifornia,CALoriLeibold,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEDetectioninquietdevelopsearlierinchildhoodforhighthanlowfrequencies.Thepresentstudytestedthehypothesisthatself-generatednoiseplaysaroleinthisfinding.Whenadultslistenforsoundsnearthreshold,theytendtoengageinbehaviorsthatreducephysiologicnoise(e.g.,quietbreathing),whichispredominantlylowfrequency.Childrenmaynotsuppressself-generatednoisetothesameextent.Thispossibilitywasevaluatedbymeasuringsoundlevelsintheearcanalsimultaneouswithadaptivethresholdestimationfor250-,1000-and4000-Hzpuretones.Stimuliweredeliveredandrecordingsweremadeusingareceiver/microphoneassemblycoupledtoafoaminsert.Listenerswerechildren(4.3-16.0yrs)oradults.Consistentwithpreviousdata,theeffectofchildagewasrobustat250Hz,whereasthresholdsofeventheyoungestlistenerswerenearlyadult-likeat4000Hz.Thespectralshapeofself-generatednoisewasgenerallysimilaracrosslisteneragegroups,althoughthemagnitudewashigherinyoungerlisteners.Trial-by-trialdatawereevaluatedtoassesstherelationshipbetweennoiselevelsandresponseaccuracy:therewasanassociationforyoungerlisteners.Theseresultsareconsistentwiththehypothesisthatself-generatednoiseplaysaroleintheprolongeddevelopmentoflow-frequencydetectioninquiet.Poster#120-(PSY15)BinauralPitchFusioninNormal-HearingandHearingImpairedChildrenCurtisHartling,AuD;JenniferFowler,AuD;GemaineStark;Anna-MarieWood;AshleySobchuk;YongheeOh,PhD;DanielTalian;LinaReiss,PhD,OregonHealth&ScienceUniversity,Portland,ORRecentevidenceindicatesthatmanyhearing-impairedadultshavebroadbinauralpitchfusion,suchthatsoundswithlargepitchdifferencesarefusedacrossthetwoearsandleadtodetrimentalbinauralaveragingofspectralinformation.Inthisstudy,binauralpitchfusionwasmeasuredinchildrenbetween6-8yearsoldwithnormal-hearing,bilateralhearingaids,bimodalcochlearimplantandhearingaid,andbilateralcochlearimplants.Stimuliusedweretonesorelectrodes,dependingonlisteningmodality.Fusionrangesweremeasuredbysimultaneous,dichoticpresentationofreferenceandcomparisonstimuliinoppositeears,andvaryingthecomparisonstimulustofindtherangethatfusedwiththereferencestimulus.Comparedtoadults,childreninallgroupsexceptthebimodalgrouphadbroaderfusion.Acrossgroups,normal-hearingandbimodalchildrenhadsharperfusionthanhearingaidchildren.Thebilateralcochlearimplantgroupwashighlyvariable,withsomechildrenfusingallelectrodes,andothersexhibitingnofusion.Thefindingssuggestthatfusionisstilldevelopingatthisage,

andthathearingdevicetypemayinfluencethedevelopmentoffusion.Along-termobjectiveistofollowchildrenovertimeanddeterminehowfusionchangesduringdevelopment,andtheclinicalimplicationsofthesegroupdifferencesforrehabilitation.OTOACOUSTICEMMISSIONSPoster#121-(OAE07)ACriticalStudyofPerceptionoftheDoubleVowelAnushaYellamsetty,PhD;ShaumBhagat,PhD,TheUniversityOfMemphis,Memphis,TNNormalhearinglistenerstakeadvantageofthefundamentalfrequency(F0)andleveldifferencesofvowelstosegregateonetalkerfromcompetingtalkers.Whentwovowelsarepresentedsimultaneouslyitisbelievedthattheamountofmaskingprovidedbyonevowelontheothercontributestotheperceptofthelistener(eithervowels,oronlyone).Individualdifferencesinvowelperceptioninthedoublevowelparadigmmaybeexplainedbyinter-subjectdifferencesincochlearcompression.Individualswithastrongcompressivenonlinearitynearthecochlearplacewherethetargetvowelisprocessedmayexhibitdifferencesinwhichvowelsareperceivedcomparedwithindividualswithaweakercompressivenonlinearity.Thepresentstudyisdesignedtoinvestigatetherelationshipbetweencochlearcompressivenon-linearityinferredthroughmeasurementofotoacousticemissioninput-outputfunctions(I/O)functionsandtheperceptualbenefitoff0andleveldifferenceindoublevowelconditions.Sixconcurrentvowelpairswerepresentedtothenormal-hearinglistenersindifferentcombinationswithF0differencesof2semitonesand4leveldifferences(10dBstep)ofthemaskervowel.Stimulusfrequencyotoacousticemissions(SFOAE)anddistortionproductotoacousticemissions(DPOAE)I/Ofunctionsweremeasuredwithevokingtonesconfiguredtomatchtheformantfrequenciesofthedoublevowelcombinations.Statisticalanalysiswerecarriedouttoexaminecorrelationsofpercentagecorrectidentificationscorestotheamountofcochlearcompressivenonlinearity.Theimplicationsofthefindingsofthestudyforidentificationofconcurrentvowelswillbediscussed.Poster#122-(OAE08)PerceptualCorrelatesofWeakenedCochlearCompressionduringAgingAmandaOrtmann,PhD;CarolinaAbdala,PhD;YeiniGuardia,UniversityOfSouthernCalifornia,LosAngeles,CADistortionproductotoacousticemissions(DPOAEs)recordedasafunctionofstimuluslevelforminput/output(I/O)functions,providinganindirectmeasureofcochlearcompression.Compressivenonlinearityinthecochleaisnecessarytomaintainawidedynamicrangeofhearing.Duringearlyaging,itappearstoweaken.Insomemiddle-agedears,theDPOAEI/Oshowsanextendedrangeofmonotonicgrowth(comparedtoyoung-adultears),evenafteraccountingforage-relatedvariationsinhearingthreshold.ItislikelythatcompromisedDPOAEcompressionhasperceptualcorrelates.HereweexaminepreliminaryassociationsbetweencompressivefeaturesoftheDPOAEI/Ofunctionandcategoricalloudnessscalinginyoung-adultandagingears.2f1-f2DPOAEswererecordedusingsweptprimarytonesatlevelsvaryingfrom25-80dBSPL.ThedistortioncomponentofthetotalDPOAEwasisolatedandI/Ofunctionswereconstructedatsixhalf-octaveintervalsfrom1.3-7.4kHz.Also,categoricalloudness

scalingwasconductedateachofthesesixtestfrequencies.TheslopeoftheloudnessratingxstimuluslevelfunctionwascalculatedandcorrelationsbetweenDPOAEcompressionandloudnessratingwereanalyzed.Wehypothesizethatthosewithatypicalmeasuresofcochlearcompression(indicatedbytheDPOAEI/Ofunction)willshowmorerapidgrowthofloudness.Poster#123-(OAE09)Click-evokedOtoacousticEmissionsMeasuredusingThreeNon-linearExtractionStrategiesJamesLewis,PhD;KristenWaggoner;MaryEasterday,AuD,UniversityOfTennesseeHealthScienceCenter,Knoxville,TNMeasurementofshort-latencyclick-evokedotoacousticemission(CEOAE)componentsrequiresanon-linearextractionstrategytominimizestimulusartifactthatotherwisecontaminatestheearly-timeportionoftheear-canalresponse.ThisstudycomparedtheeffectivenessofdifferentstrategiesinreducingartifactandexaminedtheeffectofstrategyonthemeasuredCEOAE.Clickresponses(44-86dBpSPL)weremeasuredinanIEC711couplerandnormal-hearingearsusing(1)double-source,double-evoked,(2)single-sourcenon-lineardifferentialand(3)stimulusscalingstrategies.Artifact-freetime-frequencywindowsweredefinedfromthecouplerresponsesandusedtoextracttheCEOAEfromtheear-canalresponses.Thedouble-source,double-evokedstrategyyieldedgreatestattenuationofartifactandpermittedmeasurementoftheshortest-latencycomponents.High-levelartifactcontaminatedtheinitialmillisecondsoftheclickresponsesforthesingle-sourcenon-lineardifferentialstrategyand,toalesserextent,thestimulus-scalingstrategy.Consequently,thecontributionsfromshort-latencycomponentstotheemissionweresometimesreduced.Thegrowthratesandrelativemagnitudesofthedifferent-latencycomponentsweresensitivetoextractionstrategyandinfluencedthelatency-intensityfunction.Ofthedifferentstrategies,stimulus-scalinghadtheadvantageofreducedtesttimeandlowernoiselevels.OAEextractionstrategymaybeimportanttoconsiderwhencomparingOAE-basedmetricstobehavioraland/orelectro-physiologicresponses.Poster#124-(OAE10)ContralateralSuppressionofOtoacousticEmissionsinEarswithSpontaneousComponentsWiktorJedrzejczak,PhD;KrzysztofKochanek,PhD;HenrykSkarzynski,PhD,WorldHearingCenter,InstituteOfPhysiologyAndPathologyOfHearing,KajetanyTheeffectofsuppressionofotoacousticemissions(OAE)bycontralateralstimulationhasquitehighvariabilityacrossthesubjects.OneofthefeaturesthatdifferentiatessubjectsispresenceorabsenceofspontaneousOAEs(SOAEs).ThepurposeofthepresentstudywastocomparethelevelsofcontralateralsuppressionoftransientlyevokedOAEs(TEOAEs)inearswithandwithoutSOAEs.OAEswererecordedinagroupofadultswithnormalhearingthresholdsandnormaltympanograms.TEOAEswererecordedusinglinearprotocol(allstimuliatsamelevelandpolarity),stimuluslevelswerekeptat60dBpeSPL,and65dBSPLbroadbandnoisewasdeliveredtocontralateralearasasuppressor.EachsubjectwastestedforthepresenceofSOAEsusingthesynchronizedSOAEtechnique.Poster#125-(OAE11)

ContralateralSuppressionofTEOAEsandASSRsMeasuredConcurrentlyIanMertes,PhD;BardenStagner;ErinWilbanks,AuD;MarjorieLeek,PhD,VALomaLindaHealthcareSystem,LomaLinda,CAInnormal-hearingindividuals,medialolivocochlear(MOC)functionistypicallyquantifiedasthechangeinotoacousticemission(OAE)amplitudewithversuswithoutcontralateralstimulationthatactivatestheMOC(contralateralsuppression).OAEsareweakorabsentinhearing-impairedears,soalternativemethodstoassesstheeffectsofhearinglossontheMOCwarrantexploration.Suprathresholdauditorysteady-stateresponses(ASSRs)canbemeasuredinpeoplewithmild-moderatehearingloss,socontralateralsuppressionofASSRsmayallowforthestudyofMOCfunctioninsomehearing-impairedindividuals.ThisstudycomparedcontralateralsuppressionofASSRsandtransient-evokedOAEs(TEOAEs)inadultswithnormalhearingormildsensorineuralhearingloss.Measurementsweremadeconcurrentlyusingthesamestimulitoreducemethodologicdifferencesandchangesinsubjectstatebetweentests.Responseswereelicitedusingclickspresentedatarateof39.06/sat55and65dBpSPL.Measurementsweremadewithandwithoutbroadbandnoisepresentedcontralaterallyat60dBSPL.PreliminaryresultsshowedthatcontralateralsuppressionwastypicallylargerusingASSRsrelativetoTEOAEs.ResultswillbediscussedintermsofthefeasibilityofusingcontralateralsuppressionofASSRstomeasureMOCandtherelationshipbetweenspeech-in-noiseperformanceandcontralateralsuppressionofASSRsandTEOAEs.Poster#126-(OAE12)2f2-f1DPOAESourcesinContradictiontotheTwo-Source/Two-MechanismModel?JenniferHorn,PhD;SheilaPratt,PhD;JohnDurrant,PhD;CatherinePalmer,PhD,UniversityOfPittsburgh,AgouraHills,CAPeterTorre,PhD,SanDiegoStateUniversity,SanDiego,CADistortionproductotoacousticemissions(DPOAEs)canbeseparatedintodistortion(active/hair-cell-generator-basedmechanism)andreflectionsources(passive/hydro-mechanically-basedmechanism)linkedtospecificphysiological-acousticeventsalongthecochlearpartition.Researchershaveshownthat2f1-f2(usingparametersf2/f1=1.22,65/55dBSPL)isdominatedbythedistortionsource.However,2f2-f1isfarlesswellunderstoodandrarelytested.Measuredwithoptimalparameters,f2/f1=1.08,65/65dB,2f2-f1likelyisdominatedbythereflectionsource.Thepurposeofthisstudywastodeterminehowsourcesdifferbetween2f1-f2and2f2-f1usingfine-structureanalyseselicitedbyparametersetspromotingrobustresponses:(1)f2/f1=1.22,65/55dBand(2)f2/f1=1.08,65/65dB.Fine-structurespectra,representingfourparametercombinations,wereelicitedfromeachparticipantforcomparison.Theresultsaffirmedthatthedistortionsourceisdominantfor2f1-f2DPOAEswhenmeasuredusingf2/f1=1.22,65/55dB-afindingdemonstratedinallparticipants.Second,thereflectionsourcewasdominantfortheotherthreeconditions,with100%occurrencefor2f2-f1DPOAEsmeasuredusingthef2/f1=1.08,65/65dB.Lastly,althoughnotcontradictingthetwo-source/two-mechanismmodeloverall,otherobservationswillbepresentedthatargueforsomerevisionoftheprevalentmodeltoincludeuppersidebandDPOAEs.HEARINGLOSS/HEARINGDISABILITY

Poster#127-(HLD01)ComparisonofLimitationVolumeLevelstoMusicusingMobilePhonesGibbeumKim,BS;WoojaeHan,PhD;JihyeonLee,HallymUniversity,Chuncheon,GangwondoToday,peoplelistentomusicloudlyontheirpersonallisteningdevicesincludingamobilephone.Thisstudyestimatedtheoutputlevelsofdifferentmusicgenresatandabovetherecommendedlimitationvolumelevelsformobilephones.Sixmobilephones(e.g.,GalaxyNote3andS6fromSamsungCo.,G2andG3fromLGCo.,Iphone5Sand6fromAppleCo.)andfourmusicgenres(i.e.,ballad,dance,pop,hip-hop)weremeasuredattheirlimitationlevelsandhighervolumesteps,usingasoundlevelmeteranda2cccouplerwithartificialmastoid.TheresultsshowedthatGalaxyS6hadthelowestoutputlevelatthelimitationvolumelevel,whiledancewasslightlyhigherthanothergenres.Highervolumelevelswereneededforthemiddlefrequency,comparedtothelowerandhigherfrequencies.Weconcludethattherecommendedlimitationvolumelevelsprovidedbymobilecompaniesarenotlowenoughtopreventnoise-inducedhearinglossifuserscontinuetolistentomusicatthoselevels.Moreover,asenvironmentalnoiseincreases,totaloutputlevelswillincrease,whichsuggeststhatpubliceducationandmoreconcretefunctionstorestricttheseoutputlevelsareneededtopreventpotentialhearinglossandtinnitus.Poster#128-(HLD02)SoundExposureofUniversityMusicStudentsandPotentialHearingRiskJasonSmith,BA;DavidVelenovsky,PhD;JamesDean,AuD,UniversityOfArizona,Tucson,AZItisknownthatmusiciansareexposedtohighlevelsofsoundthroughoutregularindividualpractice,ensemblerehearsalandperformance.Thereisevidencetosuggestthatmusicianscanexceeddailyallotmentsofnoiseexposurein2hoursofpracticethreefold.Asaresult,theseindividualsmayhaveanincreasedriskofnoiseinducedhearingloss(NIHL).Toexplorethis,measurementsofsoundlevelexposureweretakenofmusicstudentsduringpracticeusingnoisedosimetry.Wewillalsoaddresstheoccurrenceofanyhearingthresholdshiftobservedforeachsession.Thisposter’sgoalistopresentmaximumsoundpressurelevelsaswellasequivalentsoundlevelsaccordingtoTheNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth(NIOSH)andOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)guidelinesduringasingleindividualpracticesessionforavarietyofmusicalinstruments.Poster#129-(HLD03)Mild-to-ModerateHearingLossandPsychomotorPerformanceofProfessionalDriversMariolaSliwinska-Kowalska,MD;PiotrKotylo,MD;JadwigaSiedlecka,PhD;MarcinKossobudzki,MA;AlicjaBortkiewicz,PhD,NoferInstituteOfOccupationalMedicine,LodzSufficientfunctionalhearingabilitiesarenecessaryforsafeandeffectiveperformanceofseveralhearing-criticaljobs.Theaimofthisstudywastoassesstherelationshipbetweenbilateralmildtomoderatehearinglossofprofessionaldriversandtheirperformanceinabuscabinsimulator.Intotal63menwereincludedintothisstudy.Hearingwasassessedbypure-toneaudiometry(PTA)andHearinginNoiseTest(HINT).Psychomotorperformancewasassessedduringthesimulationofdrivingacitybus,through

registrationofdrivingtechniqueindicatorsandinstancesofcausingacollision.Theresultsshowthatwithgreaterhearingthresholdshiftthebrakingwaslessfrequentanddecelerationtimewasshorter.Astatisticallysignificantdifferencewasfoundbetweennormalhearingsubjectsandthedriverswithhearinglosshigherthan40dBonaverageinhighandmiddleaudiometricfrequencies.Theriskofcausingacollisionwasseveraltimeslowerindriverswithhearinglosscomparingwithnormalhearingsubjects.GoodcorrelationwasfoundbetweenPTAandHINTresultsinrelationtopsychomotorperformance.Hearinglossseemstoaffectthedrivingtechnique.Contrarytotheinitialhypothesis,thedriverswithmildtomoderatehearinglossdrivemorecautiouslythantheirnormalhearingcolleagues.Poster#130-(HLD04)Speech,Spatial,andQualitiesofHearingScale:SSQ5orSSQ12?ElaineKim,BA;HuaOu,MD,IllinoisStateUniversity,Normal,ILTheSpeech,Spatial,andQualitiesofHearingScale(SSQ)wasdevelopedtomeasurearangeofhearingdisabilities.Areduced12-itemversion(SSQ12)washandcraftedbasedonexperts’opinions,whereasthe5-itemversionofSSQ(SSQ5)wasdevelopedprimarilyfromaclusteranalysis.Bothwereclaimedforhearingdisabilityscreenings.ThepurposeofthestudywastocompareSSQ-fullversionscorestothereducedversionscores,andtoinvestigatethedegreeofagreementbetweentheSSQ12andSSQ5whencollectedfromthesamefullversionandasseparateentities.Twenty-fourhearingaiduserscompletedthefull-versionSSQ;theappropriateitemsforeachreducedversionswereselectedforbothSSQ12andSSQ5.Preliminarydata(n=14)fromtheothergroupofhearingaiduserswascollectedforSSQ5andSSQ12separately.TheresultsfrombothanalysesindicatedthattheindividualtotalscoresoftheSSQ12wereconsistentlylowerthanthoseoftheSSQ-fullandSSQ5.Theintraclasscorrelationcoefficient(ICC)oftotalscoreswas0.86and0.67betweentheSSQ5andSSQ12extractedfromthefullformandasseparateentities,respectively.TheSSQ5mayserveasabetterscreeningtoolovertheSSQ12.TRAINING/REHABILITATIONPoster#131-(TR01)EffectsofIntensivePianoTrainingonAuditoryandCognitiveProcessingCeliaRiffel,BA;JenniferLister,PhD;NathanielMaxfield,PhD,UniversityOfSouthFloridaDepartmentOfCommunicationSciencesAndDisorders,Tampa,FLComputerized,adaptive,process-basedauditorytrainingprogramshavebeenshowntoimproveworkingmemory,speedofprocessing,andeverydayfunctionamongolderadultsbutcomplianceisoftenaproblem.Itisthoughtthatamoreengagingandsocialprogramofauditorytrainingmayencouragecomplianceandprovidemorebenefit.Learningtoplayamusicalinstrumentisaformofauditorytrainingthatisadaptiveandengaging,andadultmusiciansareknowntohavesuperiorauditoryprocessingcomparedtonon-musicians.Thepurposeofthisstudywastoinvestigatetheeffectsofanintensive,two-weekpianotrainingprogramonworkingmemory,speedofprocessing,andexecutivefunctionforsevenolderadults(meanage=70).Participantshadfewerthanthreeyearsofformalmusictraining,minimalhearingloss,andnoneurologicalorcognitivedisorders.Wehypothesizedthattheparticipantswoulddemonstratetraining-relatedimprovementonalloutcomemeasures.Paired-sample

t-testsindicatednosignificantdifferencebetweenpre-andpost-trainingscoresonanyoftheoutcomemeasures.Resultssuggestthatanintensivepianotrainingprogramisnotaviablealternativeforacomputerized,adaptive,process-basedauditorytrainingprogram.Resultswillbecomparedtorecentstudieswhereothertypesofauditorytraininghavebeenemployed.Poster#132-(TR02)CanaComputer-BasedAuditoryTrainingProgramImproveAudiovisualSpeechPerformance?DaniaRishiq,PhD,MayoClinic,Florida,Jacksonville,FLAparnaRao,PhD,DepartmentOfSpeechAndHearingScience,ArizonaStateUniversity,Tempe,AZTessKoerner,AuD,DepartmentofSpeech-Language-HearingSciences,UniversityofMinnesota,MNHarveyAbrams,PhD,StarkeyHearingTechnologies,EdenPrairie,MNAudiovisual(AV)speechperceptionistheprocessbywhichauditoryandvisualstimuliareintegratedtounderstandspeech.ThemultisensoryintegrationofAVspeechcuesimprovesrecognitionaccuracy,particularlyforspeechinnoise.ThepurposeofthisstudywastomeasurethetrainingeffectsofReadMyQuips™(RMQ™)ontheAVperceptionofspeech.ReadMyQuips™isacomputer-basedAVtrainingprogramdesignedtoimprovespeechperceptioninnoise.Twenty-fourfirst-timehearingaiduserswithbilateralmildtomoderately-severesensorineuralhearinglosswererandomlyassignedtoeithertheexperimentalorcontrolgroup.TheexperimentalgroupreceivedRMQ™trainingafteratrialperiodwithhearingaids;thecontrolgroupreceivedhearingaidsbutnottheRMQ™training.TheMultimodalLexicalSentenceTestforAdults’(MLST-A)(Kirketal.2012)wasusedtomeasureAVandauditory-only(AO)speechperceptionoutcomesatthreedifferentsignal-to-noiseratios(SNRs).Participantsweretestedatthetimeofhearingaidfitting,afterfourweeksofhearingaiduse,andfollowingfourweeksofRMQ™training.ResultsdidnotrevealaneffectoftrainingasmeasuredbytheMLST-A.Asexpected,interactionswerefoundbetween:(1)mode(AOvs.AV)andSNRand(2)testsessionandSNR.Poster#133-(TR03)AManualizedAudiologyIntervention:CanInterventionSlowCognitiveDecline?CourtneyMatthews,BA;VictoriaWilliams-Sanchez,PhD;MichelleArnold,AuD;TheresaChisolm,PhD,TheUniversityOfSouthFloridaDepartmentOfCommunicationSciencesAndDisorders,Tampa,FLFrankLin,MD;NicholasReed,AuD,JohnsHopkinsUniversityDepartmentOfOtolaryngology-HeadAndNeckSurgery,Baltimore,MDGivenouragingpopulationandthepersonal,socioeconomic,andpublichealthimplicationsofcognitiveimpairmentinolderadults,newinterventionapproachesareneeded.Epidemiologicstudiesstronglysuggeststhatage-relatedhearinglossinolderadultsisindependentlyassociatedwithacceleratedcognitivedeclineandincidentdementia,suggestingtheneedtoexaminetheeffectsofcomprehensivehearingrehabilitativetreatmentontherateofcognitivedecline.Inplanningarandomizedcontrolledtrial(RCT)toaddressthisissue,afeasibilitystudywasconductedtomanualizebestpracticesaudiologicalintervention.Thestepsinvolvedincluded:(a)systematicreviewoftheliterature;(b)conveningofanexpertpaneltoprovidereviewandinputintotheclinicalprotocols;and,(c)implementationofthemanualizedinterventionwith20olderadultsandtheirsignificantothers.Individualizedgoalsweredevelopedwithallparticipantsreceivinghearingaids,ahome-basedaural

rehabilitationprogramandatleastoneassistivelisteningdevice.Thestepsinvolvedinthedevelopmentofthemanualizedintervention,feedbackfromaudiologistsandpatients,aswellasdisease-specific(e.g.,HHIE,IOI)andgeneric(e.g.,CohenSocialNetworkScale,UCLALonelinessScale)short-termoutcomes,theirrelationships,andimplicationsfortheplannedRCT,willbepresented.WorksupportedbyNIAR34AG046548andfundingfromtheEleanorSchwartzCharitableFoundation.SPEECHPERCEPTIONPoster#134-(SPAD13)DoWorkingMemoryAbilitiesPredicttheMultimodalLexicalSentenceTest?ChristiMiller,PhD;ErinStewart;ChristopherBishop,PhD;KellyTremblay,PhD,UniversityOfWashington,Seattle,WAYu-hsiangWu,MD;RuthBentler,PhD,UniversityofIowa,IowaCity,IAArobustrelationshipbetweenworkingmemory(WM)andspeechperceptioninnoisehasbeenpreviouslyestablishedinhearingimpairedlisteners.Thegoalofthisstudywastoevaluateifthisrelationshipismaintainedwithmoreecologicallyvalidstimuli,usingmultipletalkersasstimulitoavoidlearningofindexicalcues.Secondary,weaddressedwhetherthisrelationshipdiminishedwithmorecomplexnoiseandtheadditionofvisualcues.Sixty-fiveadultswithhearinglosspassedtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment,andWMwasmeasuredwiththeReadingSpan(RS)andtheWordAuditoryRecognitionandRecallMeasure(WARRM).SpeechperceptionwasmeasuredusingtheMultimodalLexicalSentenceTest(MLST-A)in4conditions:auditoryandauditory-visualcues,andspeech-shapednoise(SSN)and4-talkerbabble.Fourmultiple-regressionanalyseswereperformedwithdependentvariablesofeachMLST-Acondition.Predictorswereage,better-earhearing,RSandWARRMrecall.BothmeasuresofWMhadweakercorrelationstospeechperceptionthanpreviouslyreported.TheWARRMwasaslightlybetterpredictorthanRSforallMLST-Aconditions.Better-earhearingandWMexplained35-50%ofthevarianceacrossMLSTconditions.AstheMLST-Aconditionsgrewmore‘realworld,’WMabilitiesexplainedlessofthevarianceinspeechperception.(NIHNIDCDR01DC012769-04)Poster#135-(SPAD14)TheEffectsofLanguageontheGraphicalSpeechIntelligibilityIndexIn-KiJin,PhD;KyungJuLee,HallymUniversity,ChuncheonJamesKates,MS;KathrynArehart,PhD,UniversityOfColorado,Boulder,Boulder,COGraphicalmethodsforcalculatingSpeechIntelligibilityIndex(SII)likethecount-the-dotaudiogramareusefultoolsinquantifyinghowmuchaudibilityisrestoredduetoamplificationforindividualshavinghearingloss.Theband-importancefunction(BIF),whichisoneofimportantcomponentsfortheSII,dependsonthelanguage.Thus,languagemayaffectthepredictionofaudibilityusingthegraphicalSII.ThisstudyaimedtoapplyBIFstothedevelopmentandcomparisonofgraphicalSIIsforEnglish,Korean,andMandarin.ToderivegraphicalSIIsforEnglish,Korean,andMandarin,theauthorsusedBIFdataforthethreelanguagesandcalculateddynamicranges(DRs)usingthesamestimuliwhichwereusedtoderivetheBIFofeachlanguage.Tocomparepredictedaudibility(SIIvalues)amonggraphicalSIIsforthethreelanguages,theauthorsusedasampleofunaidedandaidedhearingthresholds.ThegraphicalSIIs

forEnglish,Korean,andMandarinyieldeddifferentaidedandunaidedaudibilityvaluesforthesameaudiogramconfigurations.BecausethegraphicalSIIhelpspatientstoeasilyunderstandtheirunaidedandaidedaudibility,itcouldbeausefultoolforcounselingintheclinic.Becausepeoplespeakdifferentlanguages,thegreatestaccuracywillbeachievedusingthelanguage-specificgraphicalSII.Poster#136-(SPAD15)PerceptionofEmotionalSpeechbyListenerswithHearingAidsHuiwenGoy,MA;KathyPichora-Fuller,PhD,UniversityOfToronto,Mississauga,ONGurjitSingh,PhD,PhonakCanada,Toronto,ONFrankRusso,PhD,RyersonUniversity,Toronto,ONAtalker’semotionalstateisoneimportanttypeofinformationcarriedbythespeechsignal.Whilethefrequencyandamplitudecompressionperformedbyhearingaidsmaymakespeecheasiertounderstand,littleisknownabouthowsuchprocessingaffectsusers’perceptionofemotioninspeech.Thisstudyinvestigatedhowhearingaiduseaffectedtheperceptionofemotioninspeechandtherecognitionofspeechspokenwithemotion.Listenerswerehearingaiduserswhoweretestedwithandwithouttheiraidsinseparatesessions.Theyheardsentencesspokenbyayoungfemaleactorportrayingdifferentvocalemotions,andwereaskedtoreportthekeywordandidentifytheportrayedemotion.Theuseofhearingaidsimprovedlisteners’wordrecognitionperformancefrom43%correct(unaided)to68%correct(aided).Incontrast,hearingaidsdidnotimprovelisteners’emotionidentification(38%unaided,comparedto40%aided).Emotionsthatweremoreeasilyidentifiedwerenotnecessarilythesameemotionsassociatedwithbetterwordrecognition.Weconcludethatthetypesofinformationcarriedbythespeechsignalaredifferentiallyaffectedbyhearingaids;inthiscase,hearingaidsimprovedtherecognitionofwhatwasspokenbutnottheidentificationofvocalemotion.Poster#137-(SPAD16)AdaptiveMethodsforComparingListenerPreferencesacrossMaskerConditionsDougBrungart,PhD;LynnBielski,PhD,WalterReedNationalMilitaryMedicalCenter,Bethesda,MDEricThompson,PhD;NandiniIyer,PhD,WrightPattersonAirForceBaseResearchLab,WPAFB,OHPatZurek,PhD;JayDesloge,PhD,SensimetricsCorporation,Malden,MAWhenlistenersperformspeechperceptiontasksforextendedperiodsseveralfactorsmightmakeonetypeoflisteningenvironmentmorepreferablethananotherevenincaseswhereoverallspeechintelligibilityequal.Listenerswerepresentedwithpairsoftrialsintwodifferentlisteningconditions,and,aftereachpairoftrials,theyindicatedwhichofthetwoconditionstheywouldprefertolistentoadditionaltrialsin.Theywerethenaskedtocompletearandomnumberofadditionaltrials(from1to5)intheconditiontheyselectedpriorthenexttrial,wheretheyagainhadtoselecttheirpreference.AnadaptivetechniquewasusedtoadjusttheoverallandrelativeSNRsoftwolisteningconfigurationstothepointwhereeither:1)overallintelligibilitywasequalizedacrossthetwoconditions;or2)therelativepreferenceofthetwoconditionswasequalizedacrosstheconditions.Assuminglistenersattempttominimizethetotaleffortrequiredforthetask;theseresultscanbeinterpretedtoreflectdifferencesinlisteningeffortacrossconditions.PreliminaryresultscomparingAudio-OnlyandAudio-Visualconditions

suggestlistenerswilltoleratealowerSNRintheAVcondition,butrequireahigherpercentcorrectthantheAOconditiontoconsistentlychoseit.Poster#138-(SPAD17)ComprehensionandEffortforVocodedSpeechVaryinginSyntacticComplexityErikoAtagi,PhD;NicoleAmichetti,MS;ArthurWingfield,PhD,BrandeisUniversity,Waltham,MAYing-yeeKong,PhD,NortheasternUniversity,Boston,MAUsers’degreeofsuccesswiththeircochlearimplantsisgenerallymeasuredbyintelligibilityforsinglewordsorsimplesentences.Spokencommunication,however,consistsofaseriesofmorecomplexsentencesthatrequiregreaterprocessingdemands.Inolderadultswithhearingloss,suchlinguisticcomplexitynegativelyaffectscomprehensionandencodingofspeechduetotheextraeffortrequiredintheearlyperceptualstages.Recentstudieswithyoungadultslisteningtovocodedspeechsuggestthatlisteningeffortprogressivelydecreaseswithincreasingspectralresolution,evenafterintelligibilityindicatesat-ceilingperformance.Thepresentstudyexaminedtheeffortrequiredwhenolderandyoungadultslistenedtovocodedspeechwithvaryinglevelsoflinguisticcomplexity(easy[subjectrelative]andhard[objectrelative]sentences)atmultiplelevelsofspectralresolution.Responseaccuracytoquestionsaftereachsentencemeasuredlisteners’comprehensionaccuracy;pupilsizesmeasuredlisteningeffort.Resultsindicatethatforbothagegroups,pupillaryresponseshowsatrendtowardsdecreasinglisteningeffortasspectralresolutionincreases,witholderadultsexhibitingmoreeffortthanyoungadults.Comprehensionaccuracy,incontrast,doesnotdifferacrossagegroups.Theseresultssuggestthatintelligibilitymeasuresdonotfullycapturelisteners’successwithspokenlanguageunderstanding.Poster#139-(SPAD18)AgingandtheRecognitionofInterruptedSpeechJohnGrose,PhD;EmilyBuss,PhD;JosephHallIII,PhD,UniversityOfNorthCarolinaAtChapelHill,ChapelHill,NCHeatherPorter,PhD,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia,LosAngeles,CAThisstudyinvestigatedtheeffectofageontheabilitytointegratesparsespeechsegmentsdistributedacrosstime,frequency,andear.Thepurposewastodeterminewhetherage-relateddeficitsinspectro-temporalintegrationofspeechexistthatmightcontributetothefindingthatolderlistenersexhibitlessspeechrecognitionbenefitinfluctuatingmaskersthandoyoungerlisteners.Younger,middle-aged,andolderlisteners(n=10pergroup)withnormal/near-normalaudiogramslistenedtoIEEEHarvardsentencesthathadbeenfilteredintotwonarrowbandscenteredat500Hzand2500Hz,wherethebandwidthswereindividuallytailoredtoresultinlowbaselineperformance(30-40%)foreachbandpresentedalone.Thesetwobandswerethensquare-wavemodulatedat10Hz,eithercoherentlyoroutofphase,andpresentedeithermonaurallyordichotically.Performancewasalsoevaluatedwiththeuninterruptedpairofbandspresentedeithermonaurallyordichotically.Allagegroupsshowedthesamepatternofresultswithmaximumperformanceseenfortheuninterruptedpairofbands(90-100%)andintermediateperformancefortheothercombinationsofinterruptedsegments.Thesefindingssuggestthatage,perse,doesnotnecessarilyresultindeficitsinspectro-temporalintegrationofglimpsedspeech.

Poster#140-(SPAD19)EffectsofDynamicPitchonOlderListeners’SpeechRecognitioninNoiseJingShen,PhD;PamelaSouza,PhD,NorthwesternUniversity,Evanston,ILNaturalspeechhasvariationinpitch,whichservesasanimportantcueforspeechrecognition.Dynamicpitchhasbeenshowntoimprovespeechrecognitioninyounglistenerswithnormalhearing.Thepresentstudyaimsto:1)investigatetheeffectsofdynamicpitchonspeechrecognitioninnoisebysystematicallymanipulatingthemagnitudeofpitchvariation;2)exploretheinfluencefromenvelopemodulationinnoiseonspeechrecognition;3)examinetheamountofbenefitfromdynamicpitchonolderlisteners’speechrecognitioninnoise.Stimuliarelow-contextsentenceswiththreelevelsofdynamicpitchstrength,embeddedinthreetypesofICRAnoises(static,2-talkerbabble,6-talkerbabble).Speechreceptionthresholdsaremeasuredforyoungandolderlistenerswithnormalhearing.Resultstodatesuggesttheeffectofdynamicpitchstrengthonspeechrecognitioninnoisevariesdependingonthemodulationdepthofthenoise.Theamountofbenefitisalsoinfluencedbyindividualfactorsoflisteners.Implicationsofevaluatingtheamountofbenefitfromdynamicpitchcuesforspeechrecognitioninnoisearediscussed.[WorksupportedbyNIH]Poster#141-(SPAD20)Teacher&StudentPerceptionsofStudentClassroomListeningAbilityMeredithSpratford,AuD;RyanMccreery,PhD,BTNRH,Omaha,NEElizabethWalker,PhD,UniversityOfIowa,IowaCity,IATheSpeechSpatialandQualities(SSQ)Questionnairehasbeenadaptedtomeasureteacherperceptionofchildren’slisteningabilityacrossvaryingtalkerandacousticenvironments.ThecurrentstudyevaluatedtheutilityoftheteacherSSQasameasureofclassroomlisteningabilityforchildrenwhoarehardofhearing(CHH).TeacherSSQratingsandstudent-reportoflisteningabilityontheDockrell&Shieldquestionnaire(2006)wereexploredwithrespecttoCHH’saidedhearing,speechrecognitioninnoise,language,FMuse,andclassroomnoiselevel.Weexaminedtherelationshipbetweenteacherandstudentreportofclassroomlistening.Fifty-sevenfirstandthirdgradeteacherscompletedtheSSQand52CHHcompletedtheDockrell&Shield.Wepredictedthat:teacherswouldratestudentswithbetterlanguage,betterspeechrecognitioninnoise,andhigheraidedaudibilityashavinglesslisteningdifficulty;studentsinnoisierclassroomswillreporthavingmoredifficulty;teacherswillunderestimatestudent-reportoflisteningdifficulty.TeachersofCHHwithbetterlanguageskillsandteachersinnoisierclassroomsperceivedtheirstudentsashavingbetterlistening,controllingforotherpredictors.Studentreportoftheirownlisteningabilitieswaspositivelyrelatedtolanguage.Therewasnorelationshipbetweenteacherandstudentperspectiveofclassroomlisteningability.Poster#142-(SPAD21)EffectsofSignalQualityonSpeechRecognitioninChildrenDawnaLewis,PhD;AndrewDergan;TessaMcdermott;TimothyVallier,MA,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NE

Speechrecognitionrequireslistenerstoprocessthesignalatavarietyoflevels.Therobustnatureofspeechtypicallyprovideslistenerswithavarietyofcuestoaidinspeechrecognition.Childrenarelessabletousemanyofthesecuesthanadultsand,consequently,maybemoreaffectedbyanydegradationofthespeechsignal.Thisstudyexaminedchildren’sspeechrecognitionunderthreedifferenttypesofsignaldegradation:whenthesignalitselfis(1)severelydegraded(sinewavespeech)or(2)moderatelydegraded(amplitudemodulatedsinewavespeech)or(3)whentheacousticenvironment(backgroundnoise)degradesanaturalspeechsignal.Childrenwereaskedtorepeatanysoundstheyheard,eveniftheydidnothearcompletewordsorsentencesandevenifwhattheyhearddidnotmakesense.Responseswerescoredbyphonemes,wordsandsentencescorrectlyidentified.Resultsrevealedsignificanteffectsofthetypeofsignaldegradationaswellasthescoringmethod.Preliminaryresultsfromanongoingstudyofchildrenwithmildbilateralorunilateralhearinglossalsowillbeshown.Poster#143-(SPAD22)ImpactofRoomAcousticsandVisualCuesonChildren'sAbilitytoLocalizeTalkersDawnaLewis,PhD;TessaMcdermott;AbigaelStewart;TimothyVallier,MA;MatthewBlevins,MS;AndrewDergan,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEChildren’sabilitytolocatetalkersofinterestaswellasthespeedwithwhichtheycanperformthistaskmayenhancespeechunderstandinginadverseenvironments.Visually-guidedattention(providingavisualcuetothelocationofthesound)enhancesidentificationofauditorystimuliforadultswithNHandhearingloss.Theaimofthisstudywastoexaminetheeffectsofvisualinformationonchildren’sabilitytolocatetalkersinvaryingacousticconditionsrepresentativeofthosethattheymayexperienceinclassrooms.Toexaminelocalizationacrossvaryingacousticsettings,childrenwithNH(8-12yrs)wereaskedtolocatetalkersinfivelocationsaroundthelistenerastheyspokeintwoconditions:(1)auditory-onlyand(2)visuallyguidedauditorywithablockofcolorpresentedonthetargetscreensimultaneouslywiththeauditorysignal.Testingwasconductedinthreeclassroomacousticsettings:good,typicalandpoor.Resultsrevealedsignificanteffectsoftheavailabilityofvisualcuesandacousticsonchildren’slocalizationaccuracyandlookingtimes.Preliminaryresultsfromanongoingstudyofchildrenwithmildbilateralorunilateralhearinglossalsowillbeshown.Poster#144-(SPAD23)ImpactofVisualInformationonChildren'sSpeechRecognitioninNoiseandReverberationDawnaLewis,PhD;AbigaelStewart;TessaMcdermott;TimothyValllier;MatthewBlevins,MS;AndrewDergan,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEWhilechildren’sabilitytolocatetalkerscanenhancespeechperception,thismaynotalwaysbethecase.Previousworkfromourlabhassuggestedthatundersomeconditionsattemptstolocatetalkersmayhaveanegativeimpactonspeechunderstanding.Thepurposeofthisstudywastoexaminechildrenhowvisualcuesimpactchildren’sabilitytolocatetalkersandrecognizelow-contextsentences.Stimuliwerepresentedfromfivelocationsaroundthelisteneras(1)auditory-only;(2)visually-guidedauditory;or(3)audiovisualaswellas(4)abaselineauditory-onlyconditionfrom0oazimuth.AcousticsweresettoSNR=3dBandRT=0.6sec.Childrenwereaskedtolocatethetalkeraseachsentencewaspresentedand

thenrepeatthesentence.Responseswerescoredbynumberofkeywords(outof4)correctandbywhetherthecompletesentencewascorrect.Resultsrevealedsignificanteffectsofbothconditionandscoringmethodonpercent-correctidentification.Significanteffectsofconditionalsowerefoundforlocalizationaccuracyandoveralllookingtime.Preliminaryresultsfromanongoingstudyofchildrenwithmildbilateralorunilateralhearinglossalsowillbeshown.Poster#145-(SPAD24)UsingCASPAtoEvaluateBilingualChildren’sSpeechPerception:DevelopmentalEffectsJenniferSchmaus;NancyHe;PaulaGarcia,PhD;KanaeNishi,PhD,BoysTownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NETheComputer-AssistedSpeechPerceptionAssessment(CASPA;Boothroyd2008)wasdevelopedinEnglish(E-CASPA)andSpanish(S-CASPA)toquicklyassessspeechperceptioninadults.ResearchhasshownthatE-CASPAperformanceforEnglish-speakingchildren5yearsandoldercanbeevaluatedusingadultnorms(McCreeryetal.2010).Previously,wehavereportedthat11Spanish-Englishbilingualchildren(ages6-12)performedsimilarlytoEnglish-speakingpeersonE-CASPA,butperformedmorepoorlyonS-CASPAthanonE-CASPA(Garciaetal.2015).Thepresentstudyexaminedthecombinedeffectsofdevelopmentandlanguagebackgroundwithalargergroupofnormal-hearingSpanish-Englishbilingualchildren(ages5-13).Participantslistenedtoatotalof200wordsineachlanguagepresentedat-10,-5,0,and5dBSNRaswellasinquiet.Resultsshowthat,inbothlanguages,theyoungestchildrenperformedmorepoorlythanolderchildren.OnE-CASPA,bilingualchildrenperformedsimilarlytotheirmonolingualEnglishpeers,suggestingthatdespitethedevelopmentaleffect,E-CASPAperformanceofbilingualchildren5yearsandoldercanbeevaluatedusingthenormsforEnglish-speakingadults.Contrarytothepreviousreport,nodifferencewasobservedbetweenbilingualchildren’sperformanceonE-CASPAandS-CASPA.Theimplicationsoftheseresultswillbediscussed.Poster#146-(SPAD25)SentenceMaterialstoExamineContextUseinSchool-AgeChildrenNancyHe;JenniferSchmaus;PaulaGarcia,PhD;AbigaelStewart;DawnaLewis,PhD;TessaMcDermott;KanaeNishi,PhD,BoystownNationalResearchHospital,Omaha,NEThisstudyreportstheprocessandcurrentstatusofaprojectcreatingalargesentencebankusingthecloze-probabilitymethodtostudytheuseofcontextinschool-agechildren.Cloze-probabilityrepresentsthelikelihoodthatsentencecontextcantriggertheexpectationofaspecificlastword.Thegoalsofthepresentstudyweretwo-fold:(1)tocompileandexpandexistingadultandchildcloze-probabilitysentences;(2)toevaluatetheupdatedsentencebankwithschool-agechildren.Alargebankofsentencescompiledfromexistingmaterialswasmodifiedtoensurethatlexiconandsyntaxwereappropriatefor6-year-oldchildren.Forevaluation,thefinal855sentenceswerepresentedto72children(6-12years)and10adultsforanauditorysentencecompletiontask.Resultsshowthatthereisanapproximatelyequalnumberofsentencesineachdecileofclozeprobability,acrossthelistenerpopulation.Furthermore,boththeagreementwithadultresponsesandthenumberofhigh-probabilitysentencesincreasewithage.Theseresultsindicatethatthecloze-probabilityrepresentedinthissentencebankisappropriatefor

evaluatingdevelopmentaleffectsonusageofsentencecontext.Additionalresults,futuredirections,andwiderusesofthissentencebankwillbediscussed.Poster#147-(SPAD26)CuesforVowelIdentificationUsedbyChildrenwithHearingImpairmentMarkHedrick,PhD;KristenMills,MA;KellyYeager,AuD,TheUniversityOfTennessee,Knoxville,TNPreviousresearchhasshowntheimportanceofbothtransitionandformantpatternsforvowelidentification,andtheimportanceofvowelinformationforsentenceintelligibility.Therehasbeenlittlework,however,investigatingperceptionofvowelsbychildren,particularlychildrenwithhearingloss.Weexaminedtheeffectsofcuetypeandcorrespondingdurationforvowelidentificationinchildrenaged4-8years,eitherwearinghearingaidsorusingcochlearimplants.Adultswithnormalhearingandage-matchedchildrenwithnormalhearingservedascontrols.Participantswerepresentedthreenaturally-produced/bV/wordsslicedintofivesegments(fullinitialtransitionintothevowel,halfthetransition,fullvowelsteady-statecenter,halfandquarterthevowelcenter)inthesoundfield.Aidedparticipantsusedtheireverydaysettingsontheirdevices.Participantsdeterminedthevowelpresentedbyselectingfromcorrespondingpicturesonacomputerscreen.Resultsshowstatisticallysignificanteffectsofvowel,slice,group,andaslicexgroupinteraction.Furtheranalysisoftheinteractionshowedthatadultperformancedidnotvarybasedonsliceduration;however,childrendemonstratedworseningperformancewithshorterduration,particularlythechildrenwithhearingloss.Thismayhaveimplicationsforhowchildrenmaybeabletousevowelinformationtofosterintelligibility.AMPLIFICATIONPoster#148-(AMP10)ContributionofAidedAudibilitytoReal-worldHearingAidOutcomesSubongKim,MS;Yu-hsiangWu,PhD;ElizabethStangl,AuD;RuthBentler,PhD,TheUniversityOfIowa,IowaCity,IAChristiMiller,PhD;ChristopherBishop,PhD;KellyTremblay,PhD,theUniversityofWashington,Seattle,WATherelationshipbetweenaudibilityandspeechrecognitionperformancehasbeenwellestablished.Evidencealsoindicatesthatwhenhearingaidsprovidebetteraudibility(i.e.,aidedaudibility),childrenwithhearingimpairmenttendtohavebetterspeech/languagedevelopment.However,therelationshipbetweenaidedaudibilityandreal-worldhearingaidoutcomesforadultsremainsunknown.Thepurposeofthisstudywastoexaminethecontributionofaidedaudibilitytoreal-worldoutcomesforadulthearingaidusers.Fifty-oneadultswhohavewornhearingaidsforatleastsixmonthswererecruitedattwosites(UniversityofIowaandUniversityofWashington).AidedaudibilitywasquantifiedbytheaidedSpeechIntelligibilityIndex(aSII),whichwascomputedusingmeasuresoftheamplifiedsignalprovidedbytheparticipants’hearingaidsattheeardrumwithaninputof65dBSPL.Hearingaidoutcomeswereassessedusingstandardizedquestionnaires,includingAPHAB,SADL,HHIE/AandSSQ.AnalysesindicatedthathigheraSIIwassignificantlyassociatedwithbetteroutcomesinspeechunderstanding(the

BNsubscaleoftheAPHAB)andhearingrelatedhandicap(HHIE/A).Theimplicationoftheimportanceforaudiologiststoensureaudibilitywhenfittinghearingaidswillbediscussed(WorksupportedbyR01DC012769-04awardedtoRBandKT).Poster#149-(AMP11)AcceptableHearingAidThroughputDelayforListenerswithHearingLossunderNoisyConditionsJustinBurwinkel,AuD;MartinMckinney,PhD,StarkeyHearingTechnologies,EdenPrairie,MNPreviousresearchhasshownthatnormalhearinglistenerscanperceivedistortionsduetohearingaiddelaysaslowas4to5msec[Agnew&Thornton,2000,JAmAcadAud,11(6),330-336].Ourpreviousworkdifferentiateddetectionfromsubjectivejudgmentofsoundquality,findingthat,undernoisyconditions,acceptablehearingaiddelaycanbeaslongas20msecfornormalhearinglisteners[McKinneyetal.,2015,AmAudSoc].Inthepresentstudy,weextendthepreviousinvestigationonthesubjectiveacceptabilityofhearingaidlatencytolistenerswithhearingloss.Participantswerefitwithexperimentalhearingaidsandaskedtocomparedelaysspanning4.5,15,20and25msec.Themajorityofparticipantsfoundalldelaystobeacceptable.Whendetected,own-voicelisteningwasmorefrequentlyreportedasbeingunacceptablethanwerethedelaysperceivedinthespeechofothers.Agnew,J.,&Thornton,J.M.(2000).Justnoticeableandobjectionablegroupdelaysindigitalhearingaids.JournaloftheAmericanAcademyofAudiology,11(6),330-336.McKinney,M.F.,Burwinkel,J.andZhang,T.(2015).MaximumAcceptableDelayinHearingAidsUnderNoisyConditions.AmericanAuditorySociety,PosterPresentation.Poster#150-(AMP12)EffectsofHearingAids/AssistiveListeningDevicesonImplantableCardiacDevicesFarahDubaybo,BA;ScottMarrus,MD,PhD;MitchellFaddis,MD,PhD,WashingtonUniversitySchoolOfMedicine,St.Louis,MOBACKGROUND:Thereiscontroversyregardingthesafetyoftheuseofhearingaids/AssistiveListeningDevices(ALDs)andtheirprogrammingequipmentinpatientswithimplantablecardiacdevices.Examinationofdeviceinteractioniscrucial,asageatcardiacdeviceimplantationiscorrelatedwithpercentageofagingadultswithhearingloss(Linetal.,2011;Zhanetal.,2008).HYPOTHESIS:Electromagneticinterferencefromhearingaids/ALDscanbeincorrectlyinterpretedasabiologicalsignal,resultingininappropriateinhibitionofpacemakeroutputand/oractivationofdefibrillatoroutput.METHODS:Anovelapproachusingexplantedcardiacdeviceswasutilized;pacemakersanddefibrillatorswereattachedtounipolarleadsandappliedtothetorsoofavolunteer,re-creatingtheuseofthebodyasanantenna.‘Worstcase’scenarioswerecreatedbyincreasingdevicesensitivityandplacingALDsimmediatelyoverthecardiacdevice.RESULTS:Cardiacdevicesweremonitoredusingmanufacturer-specificprogrammersprovidingacontinuousdisplayofsignalssensedbythedevice.Datawasstreamedtothehearingaids/ALDsfromanaudiosourceorprogrammingsoftware.Noneofthesemaneuversresultedina)sensednon-cardiacactivityorb)failuretosensenativecardiacactivity.CONCLUSIONS:Thesefindingsindicatehearingaids/ALDsandprogrammingequipmentdonotinterferewithcardiacdevicefunction.

Poster#151-(AMP13)AcousticEffectsofAmplitudeandFrequencyCompressiononHigh-frequencySpeechJoshuaAlexander,PhD;VarshaRallapalli,AuD,PurdueUniversity,WestLafayette,INFricativerecognitionischallengingforhearingaidusersbecausecuesarehighfrequencyandlowintensity.Therefore,hearingaidsmustapplysignificantamplitudecompressiontomakethefullbandwidth(FBW)audible,whichdistortstemporalenvelopeinformation.Alternatively,high-frequencycuescanbeshiftedtolower-frequencyregionswherethresholdsarebetter,usingnonlinearfrequencycompression(NFC).Thisstudyexaminedhowtheaudibility-distortiontradeoffappliestofrequency-loweredspeechusing31hearing-impairedparticipantswhoidentifiedsevenfricativeswithaninitial/i/producedbythreefemaletalkers.Stimuliandacarrierphrasewereprocessedwith/withoutNFCandbylinearamplificationandfiveamplitudecompressionvarieties.Frequency-compressedfiltersthatpreciselyaligned1/3-octavebandsbetweeninputandoutputquantifiedaudibilityandthemodulation-transferfunction(MTF)ratio(envelopedistortion)relativetotheinput.Modulationwasfavorableforslowamplitudecompressionandlinearprocessing,whileaudibilitywasfavorableforfastamplitudecompression.ThistradeoffdidnotdifferbetweenNFCandFBW,whichwereequallyeffectiveatimprovingfricativerecognition.AudibilityandMTFratioweresignificantpredictorsofrecognitionacrossallphonemes.TheFBW/NFCcovariateanditsinteractionswerenotsignificant,indicatingthataudibilityandmodulationwereequallyimportantregardlessofwhetherhigh-frequencyinformationwasprocessedwithFBWorNFC.Poster#152-(AMP14)UpdatedSADLNormsforAdvancedDigitalTechnologyHearingAidsCaroleJohnson,PhD;AnnaJilla,MS;JennaSmith;KristinWinkler;J.ConnorSullivan,DepartmentOfCommunicationSciencesAndDisorders,UniversityOfOklahomaHealthSciencesCenter,Edmond,OKJeffreyDanhauer,PhD,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,CAAdvanceddigitaltechnologyhearingaids(ADTHAs)mandatenewnormsforoutcomemeasures(OMs).Further,patientswithmildormoderate(MM)self-reportedunaidedcommunicationdifficultymaydifferintheirsatisfactionwithADTHAsthanthosewithmoderately-severeandworse(MS+)abilities.OuraimsweretodeterminewhethertheHosford-Dunnetal(2000)privatepractice(PrPr)andUriarteetallsAustralian(A)normsfortheSatisfactionwithAmplificationinDailyLife(SADL)neededtobeupdatedtoincludeADTHAsdispensedinaPrPrsettingandifsatisfactiondifferedforMMandMS+groups.OMsweresentto500patientsfitwithADTHAs(<5y).Over150(M=74y)newandexperiencedADTHAuserscompletedOMswith4-frequencyPTAsrangingfromthemildtotheprofoundrangeinthebetterear(M=51dBHL).OurdatasetindicatedsimilarpsychometricpropertiestoPrPrandAnorms.OurADTHAusersachievedhighermeanPositiveEffectsubscalescoresthantheAnorms.Alternatively,theAnormshadhighermeanServiceandCostandNegativeFeaturesubscalescoresthanours.TheMS+group’smeanscoreonthePositiveEffectsubscalewassignificantlyhigherthanthatoftheMS+group.Alternatively,theMMgrouphadmarkedlyhighersatisfactionontheNegativeFeaturesubscalethantheMS+users.Wewilldiscussimplicationsforclinicalpracticeandresearch.

Poster#153-(AMP15)UpdatedIOI-HANormsforAdvancedDigitalTechnologyHearingAidsCaroleJohnson,PhD;AnnaMarieJilla,PhD;JennaSmith;KristinWinkler;J.ConnorSullivan,DepartmentOfCommunicationSciencesAndDisorders,UniversityOfOklahomaHealthSciencesCenter,Edmond,OKJeffreyDanhauer,PhD,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,CAAdvanceddigitaltechnologyhearingaids(ADTHAs)mandatenewnormsforoutcomemeasures(OMs)thatvaryonpatients’self-reportedunaidedlisteningdifficulty.WedevelopednewnormsfortheInternationalOutcomeInventoryforHearingAids(IOI-HA)andcomparedthemtotheCoxetal’s(2003)private-pay(PP)andSmithetal’s(2009)veteransample(VS)studies.OMsweresentto500patientsfitwithADTHAs(<5y)inaprivatepractice(PrPr)setting.Over150(M=74y)newandexperiencedADTHAuserswith4-frequencyPTAsrangingfromthemildtoprofoundrangeinthebetterear(M=51dBHL)completedOMs.PsychometricdataweresimilartotheVSnorms.Moreover,theVSandourupdatedPrPrnormsachievedgreaterbenefitthantheearlierPPdatasetwhichwerebasedonanaloghearingaid(AHAs)users.ADTHAuserswithself-reportedmildormoderate(MM)unaidedlisteningdifficultyhadhighermeanscoresonseveralquestionsthanpeerswithmoderately-severeandworseabilities(MS+).Moreover,theMMusersseemedtobeachievinggreatergainswithADTHAsthantheMS+groupwhencomparedtoearlyPPnormsobtainedwithAHAs.FutureresearchmustaddressestablishingnormsforOMsinlightofpatientswithdifferentabilitiesandcomplexreimbursementmodelsforADTHAs.Poster#154-(AMP16)EffectsofWorkingMemoryandAmplificationonSelf-adjustedTime-compressedSpeechJaclynSchurman,AuD;DouglasBrungart,PhD,WalterReedNationalMilitaryMedicalCenter,Bethesda,MDChelseaVogel;SandraGordon-Salant,PhD,UniversityofMaryland,CollegePark,CollegePark,MDTheinabilitytocomprehendfastspeechisacommoncomplaintamonghearing-impairedlisteners.Thisstudyexaminedtheeffectofworkingmemory(WM)andamplificationonthecomprehensionandintelligibilityoftime-compressedspeechinhearing-impairedlisteners.Theexperimentimplementedaparadigmallowinglistenerstoself-adjustthespeakingrateofstoriesfromtheDiscourseComprehensionTest(DCT)tothefastestspeedatwhichtheycouldstillunderstandthestory.Previousresultsfromnormal-hearinglistenerssuggestthatlistenerswithhigherWMscorestendtoadjustspeechtoafasterratethanlistenerswithlowerWMscores.However,bothgroupsachievedsimilarlevelsofintelligibilityandcomprehensionattheself-adjustedrates.Inthisstudy,theviabilityofself-adjustedspeakingrateasameasureofhearingaidbenefitwasevaluatedbyhavinghearing-impairedlistenersadjustthespeedofDCTstoriespresentedinthefreefieldinbothaidedandunaidedconditions.Comprehensionandintelligibilityweremeasuredatthisindividuallyadjustedrate,togetherwithanewmeasureofverbal-spatialWMcalledtheLetterLocationTask(LLT).Theresultsarediscussedintermsofthepossibleuseofa‘most-comfortable’listeningspeedandtheLLTasclinicaltoolstooptimizethefittingofhearingaids.Poster#155-(AMP17)

EffectsofHaironSpectral-TemporalCharacteristicsofWindNoiseKingDeKChung,PhD,NorthernIllinoisUniversity,DeKalb,ILMostwindnoiseinhearingaidsmeasurementsaremadeusingamanikinwithouthair.Theobjectiveofthisstudywastoexaminewhetherthepresenceofhairandhairlengthaffectthespectralandtemporalcharacteristicsofwindnoiseinhearingaids.Twohearingaidswereprogrammedtolinearamplificationwiththehighestoutputlimitingthresholdsallowablebythefittingsoftware.Thefrequencyresponsesoftheomnidirectional(OMNI)anddirectional(ADM)microphonemodeswerematched.Windnoisesampleswererecordedevery10-from0-360inanacousticallytreatedwindtunnelwhenthetwohearingaidswerewornonaKnowlesElectronicManikinforAcousticResearchwithnohair,shorthair,andlonghair.ThespectralandtemporalcharacteristicsofthewindnoiserecordedwiththehearingaidsprogrammedtoOMNIandADMatwindvelocitiesof0,2.3,4.5,9.0,and13.5m/swereanalyzedin1/3octavebandsfrom100-8000Hz.Resultsshowedthatthepresenceofhairsignificantlyalteredthespectralandtemporalcharacteristicsofwindnoise.Windnoisereductionstrategies,theirapplicationstowindnoisereductionalgorithms,andtheuseofexistingsignalprocessingalgorithms(e.g.,modulation-basednoisereductionalgorithms)forwindnoisereductionwillbediscussed.COCHLEARIMPLANTSPoster#156-(CI09)HybridCochlearImplants:WhatHappensIfILoseHearing?CamilleDunn,PhD;MarlanHansen,MD;BruceGantz,MD,UniversityOfIowa,IowaCity,IAIntroduction:TheexpandedindicationsprovidedbytheHybridL24CochlearImplantSystemhaveledmanyhearingprofessionalstoaskquestionsabouttheuseofthisdevice.Oneoftheforemostquestionsaskediswhathappensifthepatienthasminimalornopreservationoflow-frequencyacoustichearingfollowingimplantation.ThepurposeofthistalkwillbetodiscusspossibleoutcomesforpatientswhoareimplantedwithaHybridelectrode,butlosesignificantresidualhearingintheimplantedearfollowingsurgery.Methods:Pre-andpostoperativeaudiogramsandspeechperceptionperformancewillbedescribedforpatientsimplantedwithaHybridcochlearimplant.Results:Patientswithvariouslevelsoflow-frequencyacoustichearingpreservationcanbenefitfromtheHybridL24ImplantSystem.Thesepatientsdemonstratesignificantbenefits,includingtheabilitytounderstandspeechinadverselisteningconditionsaswellastheiroverallqualityoflife.Conclusion:ItisimportantforhearingprofessionalstounderstandthevariousoutcomesassociatedwithpatientsimplantedwithaHybridL24cochlearimplant.Whilethegoalofthisdeviceistopreservetheanatomyoftheinnerear,incaseswherepatientsmaintainminimalornolow-frequencyacoustichearing,benefitsstillsurpasstheirpreoperativeperformance.Poster#157-(CI10)CurrentProfileofAdultsPresentingforPreoperativeCochlearImplantEvaluationJourdanHolder,BS;RenéGifford,PhD,VanderbiltUniversity,Nashville,TNBackground:Considerableadvancementsincochlearimplant(CI)technology(e.g.,EAS/Hybridsystems)andassessmentmaterialshaveyieldedexpandedcriteria.Despitethis,itisunclearwhetherindividuals

withbetteraudiometricthresholdsandspeechunderstandingarebeingreferredforCIworkupand/orpursuingcochlearimplantation.Purpose:TocharacterizethemeanauditoryanddemographicprofileofadultspresentingforpreoperativeCIworkup.ResearchDesign:DatawerecollectedprospectivelyforalladultpreoperativeworkupsatVanderbiltfrom2013to2015.StudySample:288adults(253postlinguallydeafened),meanageof62years.Methods:Eachindividualwasassessedusingtheminimumspeechtestbattery,spectralmodulationdetection,subjectivequestionnaires,andcognitivescreening.Results:MeanCNCwordscores,AzBiosentencescores,andpuretoneaverage(PTA)forpostlinguallydeafenedadultswere12%,15%,and88dBHL,respectively,fortheeartobeimplanted.14%ofindividualsmetlabeledindicationsforHybrid-L.Conclusions:ResultssuggestaminimalimprovementinmeanspeechunderstandingandPTAevaluatedatCIworkupcomparedtopreviousstudies.GreaterawarenessandinsuranceaccessibilitymaybeneededtomakeCItechnologyavailabletothegreaterEAS/HybridqualifyingpopulationaswellasindividualsmeetingconventionalCIcriteria.Poster#158-(CI11)SpatialReleasefromMaskinginAdultswithBilateralCochlearImplantsTimothyDavis,AuD;RenéGifford,PhD,VanderbiltUniversity,Nashville,TNSpatialseparationoftalkersanddistractersproducessubstantialimprovementinspeechunderstandingfornormal-hearinglisteners.Bilateralcochlearimplant(CI)userscanbenefitfromthiscue,buttoalesserextent.Theconventionalmethodforassessingspatialreleasefrommasking(SRM)maynotbeidealforimplantusers,asadistracterat-90oproducesmaximalinterauraltimedifference(ITD)cuesbutlessthanoptimalinterauralleveldifference(ILD)cues.CIusersareknowntobeminimallysensitivetoITDcuesinsteadrelyingonILDcuesforlocalizationandspatialhearing.Thus,itispossiblethatpreviousstudieshaveunderestimatedSRMforCIusers.Wederivedperformance-azimuthfunctionsfor10adultswithbilateralCIsbyassessingspatialreleasefrommaskingwiththetargettalkerfixedat0oazimuth,andthedistracterplacedin20oincrementsfrom10-90oonbothsides.Ourresultsshowthat1)maximumSRM(5.3dB)canoccurwiththedistracteratlessthan90o,and2)SRMcanbeheavilyinfluencedbywhetherthedistracterislocatedonthe‘better’vs.‘poorer’hearingside.Poster#159-(CI12)DoesContralateralAmplificationImprovetheCochlearImplantListeningExperience?ToddRicketts,PhD;ErinPicou,PhD;KristenD’onofrio,AuD,VanderbiltUniversityMedicalCenter,Nashville,TNListeningeffortandthelistener’sabilitytolocateatalkerofinterestquicklyandaccurately(grosslocalization)contributetoalistener’soveralllisteningexperience.However,littleisknownabouthowbimodallistening(e.g.cochlearimplantandhearingaid)affectsthesefacetsoflisteningandcommunication.Thepurposeofthisstudywastoinvestigatetheeffectsofhearingdeviceconfigurationonlisteningeffortandgrosslocalizationinareverberantsetting.Adultswithcochlearimplantsandaidableresidualhearinginthecontralateralearwereevaluatedusingadual-taskparadigmandacombinedmemory/grosslocalizationtasktomeasureobjectivelisteningeffortandgrosslocalization,respectively.Participantsweretestedinthreehearingdeviceconfigurations:cochlearimplantonly,hearingaidonly,andbimodallistening.Acontrolgroupofsimilarlyagedlistenerswithnormalhearing

alsoparticipated.Afavorablesignal-to-noiseratiowasusedinallconditions.Datawereanalyzedusinggeneralizedlinearmodel.Inaddition,thesedatawerecomparedtofindingsfromunilateralandbilateralhearingaidconditionsinanothergroupoflisteners.Resultsindicategroupdifferencesineffortandlocalizationability.Inaddition,hearingdeviceconfigurationaffectedperformance,particularlygrosslocalization.Scientificandclinicalimplicationsofthefindingswillbediscussed.Poster#160-(CI13)TheEffectsofBimodalHearingonEmotionalResponsestoSoundErinPicou,PhD;KristenD'onofrio,AuD;ToddRicketts,PhD,VanderbiltUniversityMedicalCenter,Nashville,TNSoundscanhaveaprofoundimpactonthewaypeoplethinkandfeelabouttheworldaroundthem.However,ourrecentworksuggeststhathearinglossaltersthisimpact.Specifically,peoplewithhearinglossarelessaffectedbysoundsthantheirpeerswithnormalhearing,potentiallyinfluencingtherelationshipbetweenhearinglossandconcomitantnegativepsychosocialconsequences.Thepurposeofthisprojectwastoevaluatetheeffectsofbimodallistening(i.e.,cochlearimplantandhearingaid)onemotionalresponsestonon-speechsounds(e.g.,laughter,crying,music,birds).Participantswereadultswithbimodallisteningexperience;acontrolgroupofsimilarly-agedadultswithnormalhearingalsoparticipated.Participantsprovidedsubjectiveratingsofvalence(unpleasant/pleasant)andarousal(exciting/calming)forsoundsfromapublishedcorpusofaffectivestimuli.Listenerswithhearinglossprovidedratingswithacochlearimplantonly,hearingaidonly,andbimodalhearing.Datawereanalyzedusingageneralizedlinearmodel.Resultsrevealedthat,regardlessofcondition,listenerswithhearinglossratedallstimuliascloserto‘neutral’thantheirpeerswithnormalhearing,suggestingbimodallistenersexperienceamorelimitedrangeofemotionalexperiences.Individualdifferencesinhearingdeviceconfigurationandimplicationsforfutureinterventionstrategieswillbediscussed.Poster#161-(CI14)OvercomingHead-ShadowwithBinauralVoiceStreaminginCochlearImplantsSmitaAgrawal,PhD,AdvancedBionics.LLC,Valencia,CAWhilebilateralcochlearimplants(CIs)providesignificantbenefits,noisestillposesachallengeformanyCIrecipients.Whenthesignalofinterestislocatedtowardsoneear,theinputtothecontralateralearisdiminishedduetohead-shadow.Bilateralbenefitinsuchsituationswouldbefurtherdiminishedinnoise.Apossiblesolutionistostreamtheipsilateralinputtothecontralateralear,sothathead-shadowcanbeovercomeandtheinputispresentedbilaterally.AdvancedBionicsNaidaCIsoundprocessorshaveincorporatedPhonak’sbinauralvoicestreamtechnologywhichallowsthemtostreamunilateralinputbilaterally.Additionally,theinputfromthecontralateralsideisattenuatedsothesignalofinterestfromtheipsilateralsidehasabettersignaltonoiseratio.ThisfeatureiscalledZoomControl.TheobjectiveofthepresentstudywastoevaluatetheeffectivenessofZoomControlwhenspeechsignalislocatedtowardsthelistener’spoorerorlesspreferredearinnoise.12AdvancedBionicsCIrecipientswereevaluatedusingAzBiosentencespresentedinCantinanoiseusingamulti-speakerarrayinasoundbooth.Resultswillbepresentedatthemeeting.

AUDITORYPROCESSINGPoster#162-(AP06)NormativeDataandReferenceEquivalentSoundPressureLevelsforCircumauralEarphonesatConventional&ExtendedHigh-frequenciesNavidShahnaz,PhD;AinsleyMa;ShahabRavanparast,MA,UniversityOfBritishColumbia,Vancouver,BCThemaingoalofthisstudywastoinvestigatetheracialdifferencesinhearingthresholdsbetweenCaucasianandChineseyoungadultsandtoprovidenormativedataforequivalentsound-pressurelevels(RETSPLs)atconventional(0.25-8kHz)andextendedhighfrequency(9-16kHz)usingHDA-200,HDA-300,andHDA-280circumauralearphone.RETSPLswasestablishedon45Caucasian(meanage27years)and45Chinese(meanage24years)youngnormalhearingadultsusingHDA-200and20Caucasianand20ChineseusingHAD-200,300and280(fortotalof65Caucasianand65Chineseparticipants).Allparticipantshadnormaltympanometricparametersandmettheinclusioncriterionforthepresenceofdistortionproductotoacousticemission(DPOAE)measures.Hearingthresholdsvarieddifferentlyacrossfrequenciesbetweenthetwoethnicgroups;however,themagnitudeofthesevariationswasmuchsmallerthansignificantthresholdshiftcriteriasuggestedbyASHA.SennheiserhasrecentlyreplacedHDA-200withanewcircumauralearphone,theHDA300.TheobtainedRETSPLsforHDA-300wasdifferentthanthoseintheISO389-5(2006)andANSIS3.6(2010)standardsusingtheHDA200earphones.ThecurrentISO389-5(2006)andANSIS3.6(2010)standardsneedtobeupdatedifHDA-300isbeingused.Poster#163-(AP07)EvaluationoftheRadioearDD450EarphoneClaeSmull,BA;RobertMargolis,PhD,UniversityOfMinnesota,Minneapolis,MNTheRadioearDD450earphonewasdesignedtoduplicatetheSennheiserHDA200earphonewhichisoutofproduction.Threecharacteristicsweremeasuredtocomparethetwoearphones.Audiometricthresholdsweremeasuredfortennormal-hearingsubjects(250-16,000Hz).TheaudiometerwascalibratedtostandardHDA200referencelevelsforeachearphone.Ambientnoiseattenuationwasmeasuredforasound-fieldwidebandnoisesignalwithaprobetubemethod.Occlusioneffectwasmeasuredwithaprobetubeinsertedintotheearcanalandtheearcoveredoruncoveredbytheearphonewhilepresentingabone-conductedsignaltothecontralateralmastoid.Themeanthresholddifferencewas0.4dB(-2.2-3.8dB).Ambientnoiseattenuationrangedfrom9to44dBovertherange250-8000Hzandwasnearlyidenticalforthetwoearphones.Occlusioneffectswerenegligibleforbothearphonesovertherange750-8000HzbutwerelargerfortheDD450inthelow-frequencies.TheresultsindicatethattheHDA200RETSPLsthatareinthestandardsareapplicabletotheDD450.Bothearphonesproduceequivalentambientnoiseattenuation.TheDD450earphoneproduceslow-frequency(<500Hz)occlusioneffectsthatareslightlylargerthanthoseproducedbytheHDA200.Poster#164-(AP08)

GeneralizationandResiliencetoDistractorsinAuditoryWorkingMemoryDiGiovanniJeffrey,PhD;TravisRiffle;GilmoreCarissa;MikolJennifer,OhioUniversity,Athens,OHTheroleofattentionisimportantforworkingmemoryprocesses;attentionalcontroldelegateswhatsensoryinformationgetsattendedforfurtherprocessingandwhatdoesnot.Assuch,attentionalcontrolisanimportantaspectoflisteningability,especiallyindifficultlisteningsituations.Sorqvistetal.(2010;2012)examinedtheroleofattentionalcontrolanditsrelationshipwithworkingmemorycapacity(WMC)andfoundthatindividualswithhighWMCswereabletoadapttoodd-balldistractors.ThegoalofthecurrentstudyistofurtherSorqvistetal.’sfindingsbyascertainingthedegreetowhichindividualswithhighWMCsareresilienttochangesinodd-ballstimuliaswellastheirabilitytogeneralizethisskilltodifferenttasks.Participantslistenedintasksrequiringrapidswitchingofattentionandinhibitionofdistractors.Odd-balldistractorsaswellasthetaskwerevariedtoassessthedegreeofresilienceandgeneralization,respectively.Poster#165-(AP09)EffectsofModalityandLinguisticMaterialsonMemoryJennaPattison,BS;KathleenPichora-Fuller,PhD,UniversityOfToronto,MississaugaSherriSmith,PhD,MountainHomeVAMedicalAffairs,MountainHome,TNAudiologistscantestmemorywithauditoryorvisualstimuli.Visualtestsareimmunetohearingloss,whereasauditorytestsareecologicallyrelevant.Inapreviousstudy,anauditorytestwaspreferredtoavisualtestbecauseityieldedagreaterrangeofworkingmemoryscores;however,thelinguisticpropertiesofthematerialswerenotmatchedacrosstests.Inthecurrentstudy,wecomparedauditoryandvisualtestswithmatchedword-levelandsentence-levelmaterials.Sixteenyoungadultswithnormalhearingparticipated.Allparticipantscompletedfourtests(2modalitiesx2linguisticlevels).Theorderofconditionswascounter-balanced.Ineachtest,100itemswerepresented,withfivetrialsineachoffoursetsizes(2,3,4,5,6).Thenumberofwordscorrectlyrecognized,judgedandrecalledwasmeasured.Recalldecreasedwithincreasingsetsize.Thereweresignificantmaineffectsonrecallofmodality(auditory>visual)andlinguistic-level(word>sentence)andalsoatwo-wayinteraction.Recallwasbestfortheauditorywordtestandworstforthevisualsentencetest.Theseresultsconfirmthatbothmodalityandthelinguisticpropertiesoftestmaterialsaffectrecallandsupporttheuseofauditorywordteststomaximizetherangeofscores.Poster#166-(AP10)RelatingComplexVerbalandNon-VerbalSpanstoListeningComprehensionJeffreyDiGiovanni,PhD;TravisRiffle,OhioUniversity,Athens,OHAuroraWeaver,PhD,AuburnUniversity,Auburn,ALWorkingmemoryisashort-termmemorybankthatallowsinformationtobebothstoredandprocessed.Acommonassessmentofworkingmemoryinvolvesameasureofone’sworkingmemorycapacity:theamountofinformationoneisabletomaintain.Studieshaveshownthatsimplestoragetasksoftendonotcorrelatewithhigher-levelcognitivefunctions,butcomplexspansthatinvolvebothstorageandprocessingarerelatedcognition(Daneman&Carpenter,1980).Thegoalofthisstudywastoexamine

howverbalandnon-verbalspantasksofvaryingcomplexityrelatedtolisteningcomprehensionperformance.Theverbal-spantasksconsistedofsimpleforwardandreversedigitspansaswellasacomplexworkingmemoryspantask.Thenon-verbalspantasksincludedasimpleadaptivepitchpatterntaskinwhichparticipantsrecalledpatternsofhighandlowtones,andacomplextaskthatinvolvedpitchpatternrecallalongwithsolvingmathematicalequations.Alisteningcomprehensiontaskwasalsoadministered.Resultsshowedthatasthecomplexityofthetasksincreased,spanlengthsdecreased.Also,onlytheverbalcomplexspantaskwassignificantlycorrelatedtolisteningcomprehension,suggestingthatcomplexnon-verbalspansdonottapintothesameresourcesthatareusedforcomprehensionofverbalstimuli.