american government terms. absolute monarchy one ruler
TRANSCRIPT
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American Government Terms
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Absolute Monarchy
• One ruler
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Amendment
• Change for improvement
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Anarchy
• Absence of government
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Apportionment
• Divide among
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Appropriate
• Set aside for a particular purpose
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Aristocracy
• Government by the elite class
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Bicameral
• 2-house legislature
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Bill of Rights
• 1st 10 amendments of the US Constitution
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Bipartisan
• Involving both political parties
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Bureaucracy
• 16,000,000+ government employees, non-elective jobs
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Cabinet
• Presidential advisors; 15 posts in Federal government; appointed by the Pres.
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Capitalism
• Economic system where individuals own means of production
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Caucus
• Political party meeting
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Chauvinism
• Extreme patriotism
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Checks and Balances
• One branch checks the other 2
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Coalition
• More than 2 political parties
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Communism
• Absence of classes, common ownership of property, equal distribution of wealth
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Concur
• To agree
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Conflict of Interest
• Situation where individuals could profit by his/her political decisions
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Conservative
• One who favors the status quo, favors no change
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Constitution
• System of fundamental laws; defines and limits government
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Constitutional/limited monarchy
• Powers of monarch are restricted by constitution or laws
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Defer
• To put off
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Deficit
• Spending more money than has been taken in
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Deflation
• Decrease in purchasing power of the dollar
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Democracy
• One person= one vote
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Depression
• Serve downturn of the economy
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Dictatorship
• Absolute power is with one person
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Diplomacy
• Art or practice of conduction international relations
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Due Process of Law
• Notifying a person of his/her rights
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Economy
• System that makes the decisions regarding who gets what and how much
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Engrossed
• Final writing of a bill
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Equality
• Everyone is on the same status
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Federalism
• Division of power between federal and state government
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Filibuster
• Delay of voting by senators
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Fiscal
• Oct. 1 to Sept. 30 > year in which the federal government takes in money and spends money
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Freedom
• Liberty; free of restrains
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Germane
• Pertaining to an issue under discussion
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Gerrymandering
• Reapportionment of Congressional districts to favor a particular political party
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Hierarchy
• A group organized by rank, capacity, or authority
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Inflation
• Abnormal increase in available currency and credit beyond the proportion of available goods, resulting in a sharp and continuing rise in price levels
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Inherent
• Idea that is contained within words or definition and is not immediately apparent
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Isolationism
• Noninvolvement with other nations
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Judiciary
• Branch of government that interprets law
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Jurisdiction
• Having authority over
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Laissez faire
• Government stays out of business
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Law
• Rules for group to abide by
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Legislative
• Branch of government that makes the laws
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Liaison
• Go between
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Liberal
• One who wants change
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Log-rolling
• Trading of influence or votes in exchange for political favors
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Majority
• Over 50%
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Monarchy
• Ruler who inherits power
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National interest
• Issue affecting national security
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Nationalism
• Love of country, loyalty to country; desire to have own country/autonomy
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Negotiation
• Working out differences by compromise
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Oligarchy
• Rule by a few/small group
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Parliamentary
• Form of government where executive leader is a member of the legislature
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Party
• Political organization; promotes and supports principals and candidate
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Patronage
• Awarding of government jobs or contracts
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Politics
• Art of running the government
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Pork Barrel
• Obtaining government jobs and money for his or her district/state by an elected official
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Power
• Ability to influence or change
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Precedent
• Doing something the way it has been done before; following a previous decision
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Quorum
• Number of people needed to be present in order to conduct business
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Radical
• One who wants extreme change
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Ratify
• To approve
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Recession
• Moderate and temporary decline in economic activity; unemployment increases, often follows a period of economic prosperity
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Republic
• Government where people elect their representatives
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Retroactive
• Going back to a previous time
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Revenue
• All money taken in by a government
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Seniority
• Privilege attained by length of time in office
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Socialism
• Ownership of all resource and major means of production by the state
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Sovereign
• Self-government
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State
• Political subdivision; territory governed by people within
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Status quo
• Keeping things the way they are at the present time
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Statute
• Law written by the legislature
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Supply and demand
• Economic principle> when supply goes down, demand increases; prices are determined by the availability of a product and its demand
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Tenure
• Length of time in office
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Totalitarianism
• Form of government that totally controls all aspects of society
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Unicameral
• One-house legislature
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Unwritten constitution
• Many bills, laws, customs; not a written document but still limits the government’s power
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Veto
• Disapprove, say no
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Written constitution
• Written system of fundamental laws and principals; prescribes a nation’s functions and limits of government