® 1 seamanship chapter 6 anchoring, mooring and rafting

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SeamanshipSeamanship

Chapter 6Chapter 6

Anchoring, Mooring Anchoring, Mooring and Raftingand Rafting

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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

This session is intended to This session is intended to acquaint you with:acquaint you with: anchor types and equipmentanchor types and equipment anchoring techniques anchoring techniques locations for effective anchoring locations for effective anchoring mooring and rafting mooring and rafting

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AnchoringAnchoring The skill of The skill of

securing the securing the vessel to the vessel to the bottombottom

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AnchorsAnchors

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Bottom ConditionsBottom Conditions

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What do you need?What do you need?

Many boaters carry Many boaters carry several anchors of several anchors of different sizes and typesdifferent sizes and types

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Fluke Type Fluke Type AnchorsAnchors

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88

Claw Type AnchorsClaw Type Anchors

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99

Plow Type AnchorsPlow Type Anchors

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1010

Mushroom Anchors

Mooring Mooring

Dinghyanchor

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1111

GrapnelGrapnel

closed

open

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1212

Anchor StorageAnchor Storage

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1313

Anchor RodeAnchor Rode

Rode is the entire length of anchor line or Rode is the entire length of anchor line or chain between the boat and the anchorchain between the boat and the anchor

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1414

Nylon vs. ChainNylon vs. Chain

Nylon (et al)Nylon (et al) Less costlyLess costly Lighter in weightLighter in weight 20% or greater stretch20% or greater stretch Shock absorberShock absorber Easier to work withEasier to work with Heat stress failureHeat stress failure Wear and abrasionWear and abrasion Some UV damageSome UV damage

ChainChain ExpensiveExpensive Heavy and heavierHeavy and heavier RuggedRugged Resists wear and Resists wear and

abrasionabrasion Deep catenaryDeep catenary Holds bottomHolds bottom Does not stretchDoes not stretch Non-absorbingNon-absorbing May need a hoistMay need a hoist May bow down trim May bow down trim

the boatthe boat Corrosion potentialCorrosion potential Gloves Gloves

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Anchor ChainAnchor Chain Strength and weight Strength and weight

differencesdifferences

Link SizeLink Size Safe Working Load (lb)Safe Working Load (lb) Breaking Strength (lb)Breaking Strength (lb) Weight per 10 ft (lbs)Weight per 10 ft (lbs)

Proof CoilProof Coil

3/163/16 750750 30003000 3.93.9

¼¼ 12501250 50005000 6.36.3

5/165/16 19001900 76007600 1010

⅜⅜ 26502650 1060010600 1414

½½ 45004500 1800018000 2626

⅝⅝ 69006900 2760027600 3838

3/43/4 97509750 3900039000 5555

BBBBBB

5/165/16 19001900 76007600 1212

3/83/8 26502650 1100011000 1717

1/21/2 45004500 1800018000 3030

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1616

Correct Anchor Size & WeightCorrect Anchor Size & Weight Check your manufacture’s recommendationsCheck your manufacture’s recommendations Under what conditions will the anchor be used?Under what conditions will the anchor be used? Storm anchors – increase the weight and size of rode.Storm anchors – increase the weight and size of rode.

Boat Boat LengthLength

ChainChain RopeRope Fluke TypeFluke Type Plow TypePlow Type Claw Claw TypeType

(ft)(ft) Size Size (in)(in)

Size Size (in)(in)

GalvanizedGalvanized High High tensiletensile

AluminumAluminum HingedHinged Non-Non-hingedhinged

Up to Up to 2525

¼¼ 3/83/8 8 lb8 lb 6 lb6 lb 4 lb4 lb 25 lb25 lb 9 lb9 lb 11 lb11 lb

25 - 25 - 36 36

¼¼ ½½ 15 lb15 lb 14 lb14 lb 7 lb7 lb 35 lb35 lb 14 lb14 lb 16.5 lb16.5 lb

28 - 28 - 4040

5/165/16 5/85/8 22 lb22 lb 25 lb25 lb 10 lb10 lb 35 lb35 lb 22 lb22 lb 22– 33 22– 33 lblb

35 - 35 - 4646

3/83/8 ¾¾ 43 lb43 lb 40 lb40 lb 15 lb15 lb 45 lb45 lb 35 lb35 lb 44 lb44 lb

45 - 45 - 7070

1/21/2 11 70 lb70 lb 21 lb21 lb 60 lb60 lb 66 lb66 lb

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1717

How much Chain and Line?How much Chain and Line?

Typical anchor systemTypical anchor system Chain at anchorChain at anchor Line to boatLine to boat

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1818

Scope – Line/ChainScope – Line/Chain

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1919

ScopeScope

>>>>

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2020

ScopeScope

Line/Chain comboLine/Chain combo 7:1 7:1 nominalnominal 10:110:1 stormstorm 5:15:1 light conditionslight conditions

All ChainAll Chain 3:1 – 5:13:1 – 5:1

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2121

Why Chain?Why Chain?

Prevents chafe on bottomPrevents chafe on bottom Hold anchor stock horizontalHold anchor stock horizontal Enhances catenaryEnhances catenary

How long?How long? 1/2 to full length of boat for combo1/2 to full length of boat for combo More is betterMore is better

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Catenary - LineCatenary - Line

Natural catenary – provides cushionNatural catenary – provides cushion Straightens under wind and wave conditionsStraightens under wind and wave conditions

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Catenary - ChainCatenary - Chain

Chain contours bottomChain contours bottom Peels from bottom under wind and wave conditionsPeels from bottom under wind and wave conditions

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Anchor SentinelAnchor Sentinel

Sentinel – weight deployed on anchor rodeSentinel – weight deployed on anchor rode Alters catenary to flatter positionAlters catenary to flatter position Sentinel suspended and held in place by line: Sentinel suspended and held in place by line:

“Preventer” (red)“Preventer” (red)

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2525

SnubberSnubber

Snubber – section of line allowing chain to loopSnubber – section of line allowing chain to loop Serves as a “shock absorber”Serves as a “shock absorber”

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2626

Anchor WindlassAnchor Windlass

Switch

Lock

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2727

Shackle, Swivels, Thimble & Hook

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2828

Chafing Gear

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2929

Identifying Anchorages

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3030

No Anchor Warnings

No AnchorAreasNo AnchorAreas

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3131

Single Single AnchorAnchor

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3232

Lowering the Anchor

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3333

AnchoringAnchoring

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3434

Confirming Hold

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3535

Weighing & Retrieving Weighing & Retrieving AnchorAnchor

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3636

Retrieving the AnchorRetrieving the Anchor

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Two AnchorsTwo Anchors

In tight quarters In tight quarters two anchors may two anchors may be required to be required to control swingcontrol swing

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3838

Two Bow Anchors

30° to 45°

Scope 7 to 10:1

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3939

Bahamian Mooring

In confined space two bow anchors can be usedIn confined space two bow anchors can be used

Plan for your swing room

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4040

Overnight AnchoringOvernight Anchoring

Same basic consideration for any Same basic consideration for any anchoring situationanchoring situation

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4141

Fouled Anchor

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4242

Trip Line

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4343

Mooring Approach

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4444

Leaving a Mooring

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4545

Raftup

Socialization on the waterSocialization on the water Boaters can safely move from boat Boaters can safely move from boat

to boatto boat Planning and permission requiredPlanning and permission required

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4646

Fenders

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4747

Side by Side Rafting

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4848

Stern to Stern Rafting

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4949

Rafting in a Circle

Good manners and courtesy are important during raftups.

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5050