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Structure of the Nuclear Atom >

Slide 1 of 25

4.2 Subatomic Particles

Three kinds of subatomic particles are:

___________________________

___________________________

___________________________.

Slide 2 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom Subatomic Particles

Electrons

In 1897, the English physicist J. J. _____________

(1856–1940) discovered the ____________ which

are ________________ charged _____________

particles.

4.2

Slide 3 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom Subatomic Particles

Thomson performed experiments that involved

passing __________ ______________ through

gases at low pressure.

The result was a glowing beam, or

_____________ __________, that traveled from

the ___________ to the _______________.

4.2

Slide 4 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom Subatomic Particles

A cathode ray is deflected by a magnet.

4.2

Slide 5 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom Subatomic Particles

A cathode ray is deflected by electrically charged plates.

4.2

Cathode Ray Tube

Slide 6 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom Subatomic Particles

Thomson concluded that a cathode ray is a

___________ of _____________ which are

parts of the ___________ of all ____________.

4.2

Slide 7 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom Subatomic Particles

Protons and Neutrons

In 1886, Eugen Goldstein (1850–1930) observed a cathode-ray tube and found rays traveling in the direction opposite to that of the cathode rays. He concluded that they were composed of positive particles.

Such ____________ ________________

subatomic particles are called ____________.

4.2

Slide 8 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom Subatomic Particles

In 1932, the English physicist James

__________________ (1891–1974) confirmed the

existence of yet another subatomic particle: the

____________.

_____________ are subatomic particles with ___

___________ but with a mass nearly equal to that of a

____________.

4.2

Slide 9 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom Subatomic Particles

Table 4.1 summarizes the properties of electrons, protons, and neutrons.

4.2

Slide 10 of 25

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

>Structure of the Nuclear Atom The Atomic Nucleus

J.J. Thompson and others supposed the atom was

__________ with __________ charged material and the

______________ were _________ _______________

throughout.

_________ ______

This model of the atom turned out to be short-lived, however,

due to the work of Ernest ____________ (1871–1937).

4.2

Slide 11 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom The Atomic Nucleus

Rutherford’s Gold-Foil Experiment

In 1911, Rutherford and his ____________ at the

University of Manchester, ___________, directed a

narrow beam of _________ __________ at a very

thin sheet of __________ foil.

4.2

Slide 12 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom The Atomic Nucleus

Rutherford’s Gold-Foil Experiment

4.2

Slide 13 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom The Atomic Nucleus

Alpha particles scatter from the gold foil.

4.2

Slide 14 of 25

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>Structure of the Nuclear Atom The Atomic Nucleus

The Rutherford Atomic Model

Rutherford concluded that the atom is mostly _______

___________. All the ________ charge and almost all of

the ________ are ____________ in a small region called

the ____________.

The ___________ is the _________ __________

_____________ of an atom and is composed of

____________ and ________________.

4.2

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Structure of the Nuclear Atom >

Slide 15 of 25

The Atomic Nucleus

In the nuclear atom, the ________ and

______________ are located in the

nucleus.

The _____________ are distributed around

the _____________ and occupy almost all

the _______________ of the atom.

4.2