global ais: unit 5. the map is for your reference

Important Empires I

Global AIS: Unit 5

Map and TimelineThe map is for your reference.

Timeline Write these in the boxes on the timeline Gupta Empire: started in 300 AD Tang Dynasty: started in 550 AD Byzantine Empire: started in 425 AD Muslim Empire: started in 625 AD

Empire: a civilization that takes over other territories and unites them under one rulero Looking back: The Roman Empire

Gupta Empire

Gupta Empire India’s “Golden Age” happened during the Gupta

Empireo Golden Age: A time in a culture’s history where there is

peace and prosperity. There are many great cultural contributions.

o Remember: The Age of Pericles was the Golden Age of Athens

Chandra Gupta started the Empire

Contributions to our Society

Decimal systemo The fact that parts of numbers exist

Arabic Numeralso The numbers we use todayo 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on

Concept of Zeroo 0o The concept that nothing can exist in mathematical

concepts

Tang Dynasty

Tang DynastyLocated in China

Influence on Japan and Korea

Much of Japanese and Korean culture was borrowed from the Chinese during the Tang Dynastyo Buddhismo Writing Systemo Confucianism: “Five Relationships”o Respect for Nature

Silk Road Remember

o What was the Silk Road’s purpose?o What Chinese classical civilization started the Silk Road?

Helped the dynasty move westward Connected China with western cultures

o Muslimo Byzantine

Contributions to our Society

Gunpowder Compass Mechanical Clock Porcelain Spinning Wheel Block Printing

Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire

Ties to the Roman Empire

Created in the eastern half of the Old Roman Empire

How the Byzantine Empire Compared with the Roman Empire

Capital Religion Language

Other Information

Roman Rome Pagan, Roman Catholic (Christian)

Latin -The western half of the old Roman Empire-Fell into the “Dark Ages”

Byzantine

Constantinople

Eastern (Greek) Orthodox (Christian)

Greek -The eastern half of the old Roman Empire-Grew strong and lasted 1000 years

Note: The old Roman Empire fell and split into the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire.

Impact on Russia Religion

o Eastern Orthodox spread to Russiao Renamed as Russian Orthodox

Tradeo Many Byzantine ideas were introduced to Russia through

trade• Cyrillic alphabet• Religion• Art work (mosaics)• Architecture

Contributions to our Society

Justinian’s Codeo The laws of the Byzantine Empireo Based on the Twelve Tables of Romeo Became a basis for many laws in Europe

Art and Architecture Usually supported the Christian church

Preservers of Greek and Roman Cultureo Byzantine Empire saved the knowledge, art, and ideas of

the old Roman and Greek Empires

Reasons Why the Empire Lasted So Long

Organized government Did not become too big

o Unlike the Romans who expanded across three continents or Alexander the Great (Greek)

Minded their own business

1453: The Byzantine Empire falls when Ottoman forces take control!

Muslim Empire

Muslim Empire

How It Spread Origin

o Out of Mecca, east to India, west across North Africa, and on into Spain

o The same as Islam: Islam and the Muslim Empire are very intertwined

Growth (spreading Islam—the religion—to other people)o Military Conquest

• Took about 100 years to expand most of their empire• They were great fighters: If they died in battle, they believed they

would go directly to Heaven• They treated conquered people fairly

• Often better than previous rulers• Made them more likely to be loyal to their new empire

o Trade

Important Events Battle of Tours

o 732 AD in Southern Franceo French Christians (under Charles Martel) defeated the

Muslims and stopped their advance into Europe Golden Age

o 700-900 ADo A time of great learning and cultural diffusiono Remember: what was cultural diffusion?

Contributions to our Society

Mathematicso Spread Gupta math ideas

• Remember: what were the Gupta mathematical concepts?o Created algebra and trigonometry

Medicineo Created hospitals and wrote medical textbookso Doctors required to pass exams to practice medicine

Architectureo Influenced by Byzantine and Indian styles

Preservers of Greek and Roman Culture

Preserved the ideas that they got from the Byzantine Empire

Improved upon those ideaso Ex. Translated Roman writing

The Muslim Empire was the most influential on European culture.o Why?

• Geographic location (close to Europe)• Traded extensively with Europe• The Crusades (we’ll learn about those later)

More Contributions to our Society

Astronomyo Learned from Greek ideas

• Remember: In which Greek cities did those ideas originate?o Study of stars: created astronomical tables

Islamic Lawo Based on Islamic religious laws in the Qur’an (Koran)o Became the basis for political laws in the empire

• That means that religious concepts created an empire’s laws!

Bankingo Used moneyo Allowed credit (borrowing money) to be used