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Subtidal2
Ocean Regions
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Oceanic Regions4
The region “A” is:
A. Shelf BreakB. Continental SlopeC. Continental Rise
A
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Figure 13.02a6
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Subtidal Communities
• Soft-bottom• Rocky/hard-bottom
– Cold water reefs• calcareous algae, polychaetes, molluscs- cemented
together form stable 3-d environment
– Rocky bottoms• No desiccation, stable. In shallow areas dominated
by algae• Kelp forests
– Upper canopy, midwater, understory, nooks and crannies,
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Figure 13.2112 • Large 3-D habitat
• Large # of niches• Kelps provide main habitat, but
not necessarily the majority of the 1o production
• Many other algae in the understory
• Many animals live on the kelp
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Generalized Kelp Forest16
Urchin barrens
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Predator/Prey
Physical (temp)
18 What is the most important, direct predictor of Urchin overgrazing
A. High water tempB. Low nutrientsC. Low drift kelpD. Low Otter numbers
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Figure 13.2620
So. Cal. Kelp Forest
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Soft bottom Subtidal
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