1 © 2005 cisco systems, inc. all rights reserved. lior gendel apricot2006 service control...
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1© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Service Control Technologies for P2P Traffic in next generation networks
Lior Gendel
lior@cisco.com
Manager, Technical Marketing
2© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
• A brief history of P2PNapster, a bit too centralised for the lawyers!
Emerge of “self organising” systems
Gnutella and KaZaA
• The future of P2PEarly signs in “legal” content distribution
• The impact of P2P on the networkTraffic Load, Traffic Pattern
• What can we do today?Monitor
Optimize
Cache
Package and Up Sell
Introduction
3© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
P2P Platforms – Consumer
• Popularity of P2P clients depend on geography
• Many of the existing P2P sites provide content of all types
• Often these are ridden with spy / adware or viruses as the system is not ‘closed’
• Skype gets popularity for Voice, Video and Data
• Many (sites & users) are under close legal scrutiny
• Several sites have been specifically targeted by the authorities and closed
• End user experience is often very poor and content quality suspect
4© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
P2P Platforms – ‘Legal’
• BitTorrent is gaining respectability, but still under close scrutiny
• Most platforms do not have a focus on service providers
• Some ‘Legal’ platforms (Redswoosh / Kontiki) appear to be offering their software under license to distribute content. These are some entertainment focused solutions.
• Acceptance by content providers is limited
• Limited capabilities beyond just P2P platform i.e. Mobile, STB Client, Media Centre integration, VoIP etc
• No guarantee's on customer experience
5© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Traffic Distribution Patterns
Network Usage by Traffic Type
6© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
P2P PlatformsInternet P2P Traffic
BitTorrenteDonkey2000FastTrackGnutellaSkypeWinnyShare
Internet P2P Traffic
BitTorrenteDonkey2000FastTrackGnutellaSkypeWinnyShare
Top Ten Digital Music Services
WinMX iTunesLimeWire Kazaa BearShare Ares Galaxy Napster Morpheus Real Player Store iMesh
Top Ten Digital Music Services
WinMX iTunesLimeWire Kazaa BearShare Ares Galaxy Napster Morpheus Real Player Store iMesh
7© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
What Do We Download?
Source: Leibowitz, N., Ripeanu, M., Wierzbicki, A. “Desconstructing the KaZaA network”
Images
Songs
Movies
8© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
• High IXC transit tolls
• Network congestion driven by high P2P traffic load during peak usage hours and access points
• Potential exposure to litigation
• How can SPs minimize these pains without noticeably worsening the user experience and low additional CapEx?
Highlight: Top 20 Subscribersconsume 60% of Bandwidth
Highlight: 91%-97% of the traffic is P2P
Service Provider Pain Points From P2P
9© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
P2P Traffic Patterns and Composition...• The popularity of P2P traffic is causing network capacity issues for
providers not only because of total amount of traffic, but also due to its unique nature (compared to ‘traditional applications’ – browsing, mail)
Parameter Traditional Apps
P2P Issue
Asymmetric Ratio Unidirectional (Browsing, Email)
Symmetrical – P2P uploads are mainly upstream. Downloads are downstream. Search is unidirectional
Networks are typically less provisioned on the upstream side – P2P causes upstream congestion
Activity Time When user is near PC.
Always on – P2P app downloads/uploads 24/7
Increases congestion at peak hours
Geography Mostly OnNET traffic (web-proxy, email-server) or a finite amount of content-sites
Geography indifferent – Users can download files from anywhere
Increase capacity on transit links – significant increase in transit cost
10© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
• Do Nothing Option
• Almost 80% of service providers today are considering some sort of proactive strategy to deal with the problem.
• Transit fees and performance becoming major issues, service providers recognize they cannot ignore this.
• Caching Solutions
• Demise of Inktomi is a clear indication of how successful caching is for this type of content. Bell Canada used to rely heavily on caches as little as two years ago, they have all since been removed from their network as not being worth the cost due to a lack of effectiveness.
• Larger service providers link P2P caching with copy protected content or content indices running inside equipment they own as a potentially serious legal liability that is not attractive.
• There are several vendors who provide caching equipment, but not big install base…
Unlikely P2P Traffic Management Methods
11© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Likely P2P Traffic Management Methods
• Service Control
Conditionally Block P2P
By either outright blocking specific protocol ports or tracking the TCP sessions with content switches with intent to block P2P. Variations exist on this theme based on certain time of day, origin of GET request, etc.
Traffic Shaping: Both Symmetrical and Asymmetrical
Symmetrical = both directions, asymmetrical only subscribers initiating GETs from other ISPs inward.
Filter: Enforce Acceptable Fair Use Policy (AFU)
“Abusers” get notified that they either no longer qualify for residential package and get moved to higher price option and/or additional per MB charges over a certain traffic cap are applied.
• Redirect: Policy Optimize P2P to the Service Provider Network
Give the P2P network a dynamically learned understanding of the underlying Layer 3 network such we will always intentionally try to find the requested resource internally on the ISP first.
12© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
What Is “Service Control”?
Application Awareness
Subscriber Intelligence
Real-Time Control
Service Velocity
TechnologyTechnology
Programmability to Support New Applications and New Business Requirements
Stateful Deep-Packet Application Inspection
Application Session-Level Bandwidth Shaping, Blocking, Redirecting (HTTP, RSTP, SIP)
Subscriber State Management —Per-Subscriber BW Management, Quota and OSS Integration (via DHCP and RADIUS Integration)
13© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Process of Service Control
• Intelligent Inspection & Control of IP packets
…Classify to end-user application
…Map to subscriber identity, policy & state
…Take action
• Focused on requirements of broadband service providersA
pp
lic
ati
on
blockblock
redirectredirect
Set QoSSet QoS
MarkMark
Su
bs
cri
be
r
Ru
les
& A
cti
on
s
14© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Phases of a Service Control Deployment:
Usa
ge
An
aly
sis
• Objectives: Improve network experience and reduce operational expense
• Network topology: Active mode
• Objectives: Service creation, subscriber differentiation billing and value-added services
• Integrated into back office (AAA, billing, Policy-Server)S
ub
scr
iber
S
ervi
ce C
reat
ion
Portal
Policy
1
2
3
Deployment/Application Lifecycle
• Objectives: Monitor traffic distribution and usage patterns
• Network topology: Receive only
DHCP
AAA
Subs Profile
Glo
bal
Tra
ffic
O
pti
miz
ati
on
15© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Service Control: Usage Analysis
• eDonkey and BitTorrent are Running in Background (Non-Interactive Service) and Need Some Control
• 66% of Active Subscribers Use P2P
• Skype Volumes Are Very Significant
Actual Customer
Data
16© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Service Control: Peer to Peer Management
Improved Customer Experience and Network Costs
P2P
Web
Video
• Subscriber friendly P2P management policies
• Reduce congestion to improve end-user experience
• Savings on CAPEX, OPEX and Transit costs
• Savings on call-center and customer churn
Reduced Transit Costs
More BW for Interactive Apps =Improved Performance,
Reduced Support and Churn
17© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Service Control Leverages Existing Network Investment
Transit-Capacity x Subscriber-Count
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Subscriber Count (10K)
Tra
nsi
t C
apac
ity
Req
uir
emen
ts
(MB
)
Without P- Cube With P- Cube
Same transit capacity can accommodate more
subscribers, requiring fewer capacity increases as subscriber base grows
18© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
Summary
• P2P drives Broadband adoption – but needs to be managed intelligently
• P2P optimization results in immediate opex/capex savings
• Intelligent management of P2P traffic can actually improve customer satisfaction by providing a consistent service experience.
• Partnering with Legal P2P content providers allow additional ARPU
Service Control = Analyze, Control & Profit!Service Control = Analyze, Control & Profit!
19© 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Lior GendelApricot2006
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