1 adjectivesadjectives spanish 3 (h) ch.3 2 los adjetivos: adjectives: words that modify nouns en...

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AdjectivesAdjectives

Spanish 3 (H) ch.3Spanish 3 (H) ch.3

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Los adjetivos:Los adjetivos:Adjectives: Words that

modify nouns

En español, most adjectives have either two or four forms

When using adjectives in Spanish, one must always consider PLACEMENT and AGREEMENT.

Adjectives: Words that modify nouns

En español, most adjectives have either two or four forms

When using adjectives in Spanish, one must always consider PLACEMENT and AGREEMENT.

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ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:If an adjective ends in O, A, OS, AS

or dor, dora, dores, doras then it

will have four forms and the form

that you use in any given sentence

must agree with the noun that it

modifies.

alto (m/s) alta (f/s)

altos (m/p) altas (f/p)

If an adjective ends in O, A, OS, AS

or dor, dora, dores, doras then it

will have four forms and the form

that you use in any given sentence

must agree with the noun that it

modifies.

alto (m/s) alta (f/s)

altos (m/p) altas (f/p)

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ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:

If an adjective ends in

something other than O, A, OS,

AS, or dor, dora, dores, doras

then it will have only two forms

– singular and plural.

grande (s) grandes (p)

If an adjective ends in

something other than O, A, OS,

AS, or dor, dora, dores, doras

then it will have only two forms

– singular and plural.

grande (s) grandes (p)

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Exceptions to the rule…:Exceptions to the rule…:

The adjectives good (bueno) and bad (malo) are descriptive adjectives but are generally placed in front of the nouns they modify.

Also adjectives that reflect an inherent quality of the noun (cold ice) are also placed in front of the noun.

The adjectives good (bueno) and bad (malo) are descriptive adjectives but are generally placed in front of the nouns they modify.

Also adjectives that reflect an inherent quality of the noun (cold ice) are also placed in front of the noun.

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PLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVESPLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVES

1. Restrictive adjectives• placed in front of the noun

2. Descriptive adjectives• placed after the noun

3. Nouns used as adjectives• placed after the noun and

separated by the word

“de”

1. Restrictive adjectives• placed in front of the noun

2. Descriptive adjectives• placed after the noun

3. Nouns used as adjectives• placed after the noun and

separated by the word

“de”

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PLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVESPLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVES

Multiple Descriptive adjectives

of equal importance:• placed after the noun and

separated with “y”

• El libro verde y sucio

Multiple Descriptive adjectives

of equal importance:• placed after the noun and

separated with “y”

• El libro verde y sucio

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PLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVESPLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVES

Multiple Descriptive adjectives

of unequal importance:• the less important may (on

occasion) be placed in front

of the noun, the other after.

• El verde libro sucio

Multiple Descriptive adjectives

of unequal importance:• the less important may (on

occasion) be placed in front

of the noun, the other after.

• El verde libro sucio

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Watch out for adjectives with

endings cut off:

Watch out for adjectives with

endings cut off:

bueno, malo, primero, tercero, uno, grande

In front of masculine nouns become:

Buen, mal, primer, tercer, un, gran

bueno, malo, primero, tercero, uno, grande

In front of masculine nouns become:

Buen, mal, primer, tercer, un, gran

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Nominalizing AdjectivesNominalizing Adjectives

To change an adjective into a noun simply add the appropriate definite article in front of it.

El libro verde - the green book

El verde - the green one

To change an adjective into a noun simply add the appropriate definite article in front of it.

El libro verde - the green book

El verde - the green one

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íOjo para estos!íOjo para estos!

before afterantiguo former ancientgran, grande great largepobre pitiful needynuevo new to owner brand newúnico only uniqueviejo old, longtime elderly

before afterantiguo former ancientgran, grande great largepobre pitiful needynuevo new to owner brand newúnico only uniqueviejo old, longtime elderly

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EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:

the big backpack

la mochila grande

a white book

un libro blanco

three Spanish notebooks

tres cuadernos de español

the big backpack

la mochila grande

a white book

un libro blanco

three Spanish notebooks

tres cuadernos de español