1 epcglobal training suite. 2 epcglobal architecture framework
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EPCglobal Training SuiteEPCglobal Training SuiteEPCglobal Training SuiteEPCglobal Training Suite
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EPCglobal Architecture Framework
EPCglobal Architecture Framework
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Application Level Events (ALE)Application Level Events (ALE)
Responsibility of ALE• Managing Reader operations
• Filtering and grouping the data collected by Readers
• Report data collection result in user specified format
• Reduce operation overhead of applications
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ALE ServicesALE Services
Reader Configuration• Manage ALE readers.
Reading API• Set ECSpec and its operation.
Writing API• Set CCSpec and its operation.
Tag Configuration• Manage tag fields.
Access Control• Manage user permissions.
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Reader ConfigurationReader Configuration
Base Reader• The physical reader that
actually communicating with Tags
Composite Reader• The conceptual reader that
contain one or more Base Readers and Composite Readers
Logical Reader• The abstract names that a
client uses to refer to one or more Readers that have a single logical purpose
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Base Reader SettingBase Reader Setting
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Composite Reader SettingComposite Reader Setting
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Logical Reader SettingLogical Reader Setting
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ALE Fundamental ConceptALE Fundamental Concept
Spec• A set of operation rules and data formats specified by ALE
Client
Report• A response sent from ALE to client at the conclusion of an event
cycle or command cycle
Interface Operation Cycle Specification Report
Reading API Event Cycle ECSpec ECReport
Writing API Command Cycle CCSpec CCReport
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Reading APIReading API
Define• Creating a new ECSpec and Storing the ECSpec in ALE for
further use
Undefine• Deleting an existing ECSpec from ALE
Subscribe• Send a subscription request to ALE by choosing an ECSpec
has defined in ALE• Subscribe once, execution many times
Unsubscribe• Canceling a subscription that has subscribed in ALE
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Reading APIReading API
Poll• Send a request to ALE by choosing an ECSpec has defined in
ALE• Poll once, execution one time
Immediate• Send a request with a ECSpec to ALE• Immediate once, execution one time• The ECSpec used in immediate will vanish after execution
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ECSpecECSpec
ECSpec• Describes an event cycle
and one or more reports that are to be generated from it
• Contains …• One or more logical
Readers• A boundary spec• One or more report spec
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New ECSpecNew ECSpec
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ECSpec General SettingECSpec General Setting
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Boundary SpecBoundary Spec
Boundary Spec• Specifies how the beginning and end of event cycles are to be
determined• Parameters
• startTriggerList and stopTriggerList (describes at next page)
• repeatPeriod and duration
• stableSetInterval
• whenDataAvailable
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TriggerTrigger
Trigger• Syntax
• urn:epcglobal:ale:trigger:rtc:period.offset
• urn:epcglobal:ale:trigger:rtc:period.offset.timezone
• The period, in milliseconds, between consecutive triggers occurring within one day ( 1 period 86400000 )
• The offset, in milliseconds, between midnight and the first trigger delivered after midnight ( 0 offset period )
• The timezone in which to interpret “midnight” in the specification of the trigger timing (+hh:mm, -hh:mm, Z)
• Example• urn:epcglobal:ale:trigger:rtc:60000. 0.+08:00
• Start at AM 00:00, repeats every minutes in Taiwan
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Boundary Spec SettingBoundary Spec Setting
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Report SpecReport Spec
ReportSpec• Specifies one report to be included in the list of reports that
results from executing an event cycle• An ECSpec contains a list of one or more ECReportSpec
instances• Fields
• reportName, reportSet
• filterSpec, groupSpec, output
• reportIfEmpty, reportOnlyOnChange
• statProfileNames
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Report SetReport Set
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Report Spec SettingReport Spec Setting
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Report Output SpecReport Output Spec
ReportOutputSpec• Specifies how the final set of EPCs is to be reported• includeEPC
• The Tag represented in the epc-pure format
• includeTag• The Tag represented in the epc-tag format
• includeRawHex• The Tag represented in the epc-hex format
• includeRawDecimal• The Tag represented in the epc-decimal format
• includeCount• Giving the number of Tags in the group
• fieldList• An ordered list of fields to include in the result
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Report Output Spec SettingReport Output Spec Setting
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Filter SpecFilter Spec
FilterSpec• Specifies what Tags are to be included in the final report• includeExclude
• Specifies whether the Tags that match designate pattern is inclusive or exclusive
• fieldspec• Specifies which field of the Tag is considered in evaluating this filter
• patList• An unordered list that specifies the patterns against which the
value of the specified Tag field is to be compared
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Filter Spec SettingFilter Spec Setting
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Group SpecGroup Spec
GroupSpec• Defines how filtered EPCs are grouped together for reporting• fieldspec
• Specifies which field of the Tag is used for grouping
• patternList• An unordered list that specifies the grouping patterns used to
generate a group name from the value of the specified Tag field
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Group Spec SettingGroup Spec Setting
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GroupingGrouping
Grouping Pattern• Using for separating Tags into different groups• Only used in epc-pure and epc-tag format• The following field of * or X must also be a * or X
Syntax
Pattern URI Field Meaning
X Create a different group for each distinct value of this field
* All values of this field belong to the same group
Number Only EPCs having Number in this field will belong to this group
[Lo-Hi] Only EPCs whose value for this field falls within the specified range will be long to this group
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Filter & GroupFilter & GroupPattern URI Field Meaning
X Create a different group for each distinct value of this field.
* All values of this field belong to the same group.
Number Only EPCs having Number in this field will belong to this group.
[Lo-Hi] Only EPCs whose value for this field falls within the specified range will belong to this group.
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ExampleExample
urn:epc:tag:sgtin-96:3.0036000.123456.400urn:epc:tag:sgtin-96:3.0036000.123456.500urn:epc:tag:sgtin-96:3.0029000.111111.100urn:epc:tag:sscc-96:3.0012345.31415926
Group Name EPCs in Group
urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:*.0036000.*.* urn:epc:tag:sgtin-96:3.0036000.123456.400urn:epc:tag:sgtin-96:3.0036000.123456.500
urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:*.0029000.*.* urn:epc:tag:sgtin-96:3.0029000.111111.100
[default group] urn:epc:tag:sscc-96:3.0012345.31415926
urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:*.X.*.*
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ExerciseExercise
urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:1.1.1.1urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:2.1.1.2urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:3.1.1.3urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:4.1.1.4urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:5.1.1.5urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:6.1.2.1
1. Filter pattern : urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:*.1.1.*2. Filter pattern : urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:*.1.*.*3. Group pattern: urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:*.X.1.* 4. Group pattern: urn:epc:pat:sgtin-96:[2-3].X.X.*
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ECReportECReport
ECReport• The output from an event cycle
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ECReport Tree SampleECReport Tree Sample
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ECReport Text SampleECReport Text Sample
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Writing APIWriting API
Define• Creating a new CCSpec and Storing the CCSpec in ALE for
further use
Undefine• Deleting an existing CCSpec from ALE
Subscribe• Send a subscription request to ALE by choosing an CCSpec
has defined in ALE• Subscribe once, execution many times
Unsubscribe• Canceling a subscription that has subscribed in ALE
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Writing APIWriting API
Poll• Send a request to ALE by choosing an CCSpec has defined in
ALE• Poll once, execution one time
Immediate• Send a request with a CCSpec to ALE• Immediate once, execution one time• The CCSpec used in immediate will vanish after execution
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CCSpecCCSpec
CCSpec• A complex type that
describes a command cycle
• Contains …• One or more logical
Readers• A boundary spec• One or more command
spec
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CCSpec General SettingCCSpec General Setting
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Boundary SpecBoundary Spec
BoundarySpec• Specifies how the beginning and end of command cycles are to
be determined
• Parameters• startTriggerList and stopTriggerList (What is Trigger?)
• repeatPeriod and duration
• noNewTagsInterval
• tagsProcessedCount
• afterError
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Boundary Spec SettingBoundary Spec Setting
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Command SpecCommand Spec
CommandSpec (CmdSpec)• Attempts carry out the commands specified by the operation
specifications on each of the tags selected by the filter specification
• Fields• Name
• filterSpec
• opSpecs
• reportIfEmpty
• statProfileNames
FilterSpec• Specifies what Tags are to be processed by a CmdSpec
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Command Spec SettingCommand Spec Setting
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Filter Spec SettingFilter Spec Setting
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Operation SpecOperation Spec
OperationSpec (OpSpec)• Specifies an operation to perform on a Tag,
such as reading a field, writing a field, or other Tag operation
• Fields• opType
• fieldspec
• dataSpec
• opName
• The relation of opType, fieldspec, and dataSpec• (See next page)
DataSpec
LITERAL
PARAMETER
CACHE
ASSOCIATION
RANDOM
LockOperation
LOCK
UNLOCK
PERMALOCK
PERMAUNLOCK
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Operation TypeOperation Type
OpType, Field Spec, and DataSpec
OpType Description FiledSpec DataSpecREAD Read from memory The field to read [Must be omitted]
CHECK Check memory bank contents for consistency
The memory bank to be checked
A LITERAL dataSpec whose value specifies the encoding of the memory bank
INITIALIZE Initialize the state of a memory so that variable fields may be used
The memory bank to initialize
A LITERAL dataSpec whose value specifies additional information that guides the initialization
ADD Add the specified field to the Tag’s memory, initialized to the specified value. For a fixed field, this operation is equivalent to WRITE
The field to add The value to write into the specified field
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Operation TypeOperation Type
OpType, Field Spec, and DataSpec (cont.)
OpType Description FiledSpec DataSpecWRITE Write a new value to an existing
fieldThe field to write The value to write into the
specified field
DELETE Delete the specified field from memory; For a fixed field, this operation is equivalent to WRITE with a value of zero
The field to delete [Must be omitted]
PASSWORD
Provide a password to enable subsequent commands
[Must be omitted] Access Password(Datatype: uint, Format: hex)
KILL Kill a tag; for Gen2 Tags this means to use the Gen2 “kill” command
[Must be omitted] Kill Password(Datatype: uint, Format: hex)
LOCK Sets access permissions for a memory field
The field whose permissions are to be set
A LITERAL dataSpec whose value specifies the lock action to be performed
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Operation Spec SettingOperation Spec Setting
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CCReportCCReport
CCReport• The output from a command cycle
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CCReport SampleCCReport Sample
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Tag Memory APITag Memory API
Define• Creating a new TMSpec and Storing the TMSpec in ALE for
further use
Undefine• Deleting an existing TMSpec from ALE
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Tag MemoryTag Memory
Concept• The Fieldname, Datatype ,and Format defined by ALE is the way
to access tag memory correctly• Fieldname is the name of fields in tag memory• Datatype is the encoding of tag memory fields• Format is the presentation of tag data
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Class 1 Gen 2 Memory Map
Class 1 Gen 2 Memory Map
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Built-in FieldnamesBuilt-in Fieldnames
Built-in Fieldnames• Application Family Identifier (AFI) is defined in ISO 15962
Fieldname Bank DataType Format Content
killPwd 0 uint hex Kill Password
accessPwd 0 uint hex Access Password
epc 1 epc epc-tag EPC
nsi 1 uint hex Numbering System Identifier
afi 1 uint hex Application Family Identifier
epcBank 1 bits hex EPC bank
tidBank 2 bits hex Tag ID
userBank 3 bits hex User defined data
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Generic FieldnamesGeneric Fieldnames
Generic Fieldnames• Absolute Address Fieldnames
• Specifies the absolute address of tag memory
• Syntax: @bank.length[.offset]
• EPC absolute address: @1.96.32
• Variable Fieldnames• Specifies the variable field presentation of tag memory
• Presents in URN with ISO 15962 Object Identifier (oid) encoding
• Syntax: @bank.oid
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Data TypeData Type
Datatype• epc
• Defines in the EPCglobal Tag Data Standards
• uint (unsigned integer) • The set of non-negative integers
• bits• The set of all non-empty and finite-length sequences of bits
• ISO 15962 String• A string of zero or more characters drawn from the Unicode
character set, encoded according to ISO 15962
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FormatFormat
Format• epc datatype formats
• epc-pure is pure epc identity for general reading purpose• urn:epc:id:sgtin:0614141.112345.400
• epc-tag is epc identity with tag encoding information• urn:epc:tag:sgtin-96:3.0614141.112345.400
• epc-hex presents epc identity in hexadecimal format• epc-decimal presents epc identity in decimal format
• uint datatype formats• hex, decimal
• bits datatype formats• hex
• ISO 15962 String datatype formats• string
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TM Fixed Field SpecTM Fixed Field Spec
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TM Variable Field SpecTM Variable Field Spec
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ALE Operational ConceptALE Operational Concept
ALE ClientRFID ALE
Internet
DataBase
Physical Reader(Internet)EC/CC
Report
EC/CCSpec
Tag Data
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Cycle DefinitionCycle Definition
Reader Cycle (RC)• The smallest unit of interaction with a Reader• May correspond to one or several RF protocol iterations
depending on the design of the reader device and its wire protocol
Event Cycle (EC) / Command Cycle (CC)• An interval of time over which an ALE implementation carries
out interactions with one or more Readers on behalf of an ALE client
• Event Cycle is the term used in the reading API• Command Cycle is the term used in the writing API
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Event Cycle (EC)Event Cycle (EC)
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Command Cycle (CC)Command Cycle (CC)
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