1: internet & its uses working at a small-medium business or isp
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1: Internet & Its UsesWorking at a Small-Medium Business or ISP
What is the
Internet?
Back to the Future
• Internet is a network of networks• Originally for military, science research• Available to consumers in 1991• New applications/uses being developed
Standards
Follow That Standard
• New standards developed, tracked & approved in RFC document
• Allows development of different devices to connect to Internet
Connect Me!
• You connect to ISP– Remember the ISP services?
Which ISP?
ISPs
Internet Delivery 2
Metro Ethernet
Select Carefully
• Does the ISP have the right services?• Will it meet the growth of the company?
– Example: PatNet ISP offers $5/month & 5 email addresses to Fisher Realty
– What if 2 years from now Fisher Realty has an office with 12 employees & now needs a web presence?• Switching ISP’s creates more work & hassle
U to the I…to the S…to the P
• You connect to the POP– POPs connect you to the ISP
Internet Hierarchy- IXP
Tier 1 ISP
• AT&T, Sprint, Level 3 Communications– Top of hierarchy– They interconnect privately (PEERING)– Connect at IXP– Own the fiber cables for global comm.
Sprint- Tier 1
Tier 2 ISP
• Regional/National ISPs – Connects to Tier 1 & with other Tier 2’s– Connects to IXP– Tier 2 pays Tier 1 for connectivity
Tier 3 ISP
• Connects to Tier 2• Local “mom & pop” ISP (Jersey.net)
Ping & Tracert
• Ping- connectivity test (echo request)– Time it takes to travel– Whether it’s reachable
• Tracert (Windows) shows path• Traceroute (Router CLI) shows path
• Lab 1.2.3
Review
• If you ping, do you (as the source) send out an echo request or an echo reply?– Echo request
• What Tier ISP peers with others same sized ISP’s to form the backbone?– 1
• What is the name of the connection point where you connect to the ISP?– POP
Review
• Which Internet service would a medium/large business use?– Metro, T1, T3
• What can 2 things can you tell from a ping test?– Connectivity & how fast travels
• What document tracks the development of standards?– RFC
Review• Which test is this?
– Tracert
• What connects the backbones?– IXP (Internet Exchange Point)
• What year did the Internet become widely available for consumers?– 1991
ISP
Connectivity
ISP Devices- Must Haves• Needs to connect to other ISPs & handles
lots of traffic• DSLAM• CMTS• Modems for dial-up• Wireless Bridging• Border gateway routers• Servers for client services• Power Conditioning Equipment• Air Conditioners
ISP Requirements
• Must be reliable & scalable– Other wise loss of customers= no money– Device that are modular are good!
• Packet Tracer Lab 1.3.1.3
ISP Roles & Responsibilities
Activity
Review• When you ping, what does RTT mean?
– Round trip time• What does a ping send to a destination?
– Echo request• Speed of a T1 & T3?
– T1= 1.5Mbps– T3= 44Mbps
• Which Tier ISP forms the Internet backbone?– 1
Review• What interconnects the backbone?
– IXP• Bandwidth is measured in what?
– Bps (bits per second)• What is a document that tracks the
development of Internet standards?– RFC
• In what year did the Internet become widely available to consumers?– 1991
Review
1: Internet & Its UsesWorking at a Small-Medium Business or ISP
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