1 introduction internet timelapse

Μέθοδοι και Τεχνικές Έρευνας στον Κυβερνοχώρο

Εισαγωγή – Χρονολόγιο του Διαδικτύου

2016 – Μπράιλας, Α. http://abrailas.github.io 1 https://cybermethods.wordpress.com/

ΕΝΑ ΧΡΟΝΟΛΟΓΙΟ ΤΟΥ ΔΙΑΔΙΚΤΥΟΥ Εισαγωγή στη δικτυωμένη ζωή

2016 – Μπράιλας, Α. 2 https://cybermethods.wordpress.com/

1968

Η επική ταινία επιστημονικής φαντασίας “2001: A Space Odyssey” σε σκηνοθεσία Stanley Kubrick σε σενάριο Stanley Kubrick και Arthur Clarke.

2016 – Brailas, A. 3 https://cybermethods.wordpress.com/

“2001: A Space Odyssey” “The film follows a voyage to Jupiter with the sentient computer Hal after the discovery of a mysterious black monolith affecting human evolution. The film deals with the themes of existentialism, human evolution, technology, artificial intelligence, and extraterrestrial life. It is noted for its scientifically accurate depiction of space flight, pioneering special effects, and ambiguous imagery. It uses sound and minimal dialogue in place of traditional narrative techniques;” (Wikipedia)

2016 – Brailas, A. 4 https://cybermethods.wordpress.com/

1968

ARPANET

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ARPANET

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“The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was an early packet switching network and the first network to implement the protocol suite TCP/IP. Both technologies became the technical foundation of the Internet. ARPANET was initially funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense.” (Wikipedia)

1981

Ο προσωπικός υπολογιστής

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Ο προσωπικός υπολογιστής (PC)

2016 – Brailas, A. 8 Project Internet Odyssey 2001: https://hub2001.wordpress.com/

“The Programma 101, also known as Perottina, is the first commercial "desktop computer". Produced by Italian manufacturer Olivetti, based in Piedmont, and invented by the Italian engineer Pier Giorgio Perotto. It was launched at the 1964 New York World's Fair, volume production started in 1965. A futuristic design for its time, the Programma 101 was priced at $3,200 ($23,000 if adjusted to 2011) ” (Wikipedia)

1983 – Πρόσωπο της χρονιάς

1991

Ο παγκόσμιος ιστός (World Wide Web)

2016 – Brailas, A. 9 Project Internet Odyssey 2001: https://hub2001.wordpress.com/

Ο παγκόσμιος ιστός

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“The World Wide Web (WWW) is an open source information space where documents and other web resources are identified by URLs, interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet. The World Wide Web was invented by English scientist Tim Berners-Lee in 1989. He wrote the first web browser in 1990 while employed at CERN in Switzerland. It has become known simply as the Web. The World Wide Web was central to the development of the Information Age and is the primary tool billions of people use to interact on the Internet.” (Wikipedia)

1999

Η άνοδος της ‘blogosphere’ και web 2.0 (read/write web)

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Web 2.0 - Η άνοδος των blogs

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“A blog (web-log) is a discussion or informational site published on the World Wide Web consisting of discrete entries ("posts") in reverse chronological order. After a slow start, blogging rapidly gained in popularity. Blog usage spread during 1999 and the years following, being further popularized by the near-simultaneous arrival of the first hosted blog tools. Pyra Labs launched Blogger.com in August 1999 (purchased by Google in February 2003)” (Wikipedia)

2006 – Πρόσωπο της χρονιάς

2001

Ο εγκυκλοπαίδεια Wikipedia

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Η διαδικτυακή εγκυκλοπαίδεια

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“Wikipedia is a free-access, free-content Internet encyclopedia, supported and hosted by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Those who can access the site can edit most of its articles. Wikipedia is ranked among the ten most popular websites, and constitutes the Internet's largest and most popular general reference work. Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger launched Wikipedia on January 15, 2001. Sanger coined its name, a portmanteau of wiki and encyclopedia. Other collaborative online encyclopedias were attempted before Wikipedia but none were so successful. Wikipedia began as a complementary project for Nupedia” (Wikipedia)

2004

Ιστότοποι Κοινωνικής Δικτύωσης (Facebook) και social media

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Social Networking Sites (SNS)

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“Early social networking on the World Wide Web began in the form of generalized online communities such as Theglobe.com (1995), Geocities (1994) and Tripod.com In the late 1990s, user profiles became a central feature of social networking sites, allowing users to compile lists of "friends" and search for other users with similar interests. Facebook, launched in 2004, became the largest social networking site in the world[27] in early 2009.” (Wikipedia)

2006

Smartphones

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Smartphones

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“In 2007, Apple Inc. introduced the iPhone, one of the first smartphones to use a multi-touch interface. The iPhone was notable for its use of a large touchscreen for direct finger input as its main means of interaction, instead of a stylus, keyboard, or keypad typical for smartphones at the time. 2008 saw the release of the first phone to use Android. Android is an open-source platform founded by Andy Rubin and now owned by Google. Although Android's adoption was relatively slow at first, it started to gain widespread popularity in 2010, and now dominates the market.” (Wikipedia)

Image by By Kelvinsong - Own work, CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia commons

2007

Το υπολογιστικό νέφος (cloud computing)

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Το υπολογιστικό νέφος

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“Dropbox was founded in 2007 by MIT students Drew Houston and Arash Ferdowsi. Dropbox founder Houston developed the Dropbox concept after repeatedly forgetting his USB flash drive while he was a student at MIT. He began making something for his personal use, but then realized that it could benefit others with the same problems.”(Wikipedia) “Google Drive was launched on April 24, 2012 and had 240 million monthly active users as of October 2014.” (Wikipedia) “Software as a service (SaaS) is a software licensing and delivery model in which software is licensed on a subscription basis and is centrally hosted.” (Wikipedia)

Image by Sam Johnston - Created by Sam Johnston using OmniGroup's OmniGraffle and Inkscape (includes Computer.svg by Sasa Stefanovic) This vector image was created with Inkscape., CC BY-SA 3.0

2012

Το έτος των MOOCs

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Η άνοδος των MOOCs

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“According to The New York Times, 2012 became "the year of the MOOC" as several well-financed providers, associated with top universities, emerged, including Coursera, Udacity, and edX. Dozens of universities in Canada, Mexico, Europe and Asia have announced partnerships with the large American MOOC providers.”(Wikipedia)

“Dennis Yang, President of MOOC provider Udemy has suggested that MOOCs are in the midst of a hype cycle, with expectations undergoing a wild swing”(Wikipedia)

Image by Jeremykemp at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0

2016 - 2021

Και τώρα τι ?

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Και τώρα τι?

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Στις προηγούμενες ‘διαφάνειες’ είδαμε ένα σύνολο τεχνολογικών επιτευγμάτων, που μπορούν να χαρακτηριστούν ως disruptive, δηλαδή η εμφάνισή τους άλλαξε ριζικά και αμετάκλητα την κατεστημένη τεχνοκοινωνική πραγματικότητα. Για παράδειγμα, η ανάπτυξη της Wikipedia, οδήγησε πρακτικά στον ‘αφανισμό’ της εγκυκλοπαίδειας Britannica, που μέχρι τότε κυριαρχούσε στο χώρο της. Ταυτόχρονα, όλοι μας χρησιμοποιούμε διαρκώς τη Wikipedia για μια πρώτη ενημέρωση, είτε είμαστε βικιπαιδικά ενήμεροι και γνωρίζουμε τα ειδικά affordances ενός λήμματος της wikipedia, είτε όχι.

Disruptive τεχνολογίες

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• Πως εξελίσσεται το διαδίκτυο και η κουλτούρα του; • Είναι οι τεχνολογίες που οδηγούν την εξέλιξη του

διαδικτύου; • Ποιος ο ρόλος της κοινωνίας και τι σημασία έχει η

ανθρώπινη αντίδραση στις τεχνολογίες; • Τεχνολογικός ντετερμινισμός, κοινωνικός

ντετερμινισμός ή μια μη γραμμική αιτιολογία; (Chaos και Complexity Theory).

• Ας θεωρήσουμε την περίπτωση των Social networking sites. Υπήρχαν ήδη από τις αρχές του 1990. Και το 2004 έγινε το disruption με την εμφάνιση του Facebook. Γιατί τότε και όχι πιο νωρίς;

? Πως μπορούμε να μελετήσουμε τη

ζωή μας με τον κυβερνοχώρο

2016 – Μπράιλας, Α. 26 https://cybermethods.wordpress.com/

2016 – Brailas, A. 27 https://cybermethods.wordpress.com/